CN105669945A - 一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105669945A
CN105669945A CN201610243157.6A CN201610243157A CN105669945A CN 105669945 A CN105669945 A CN 105669945A CN 201610243157 A CN201610243157 A CN 201610243157A CN 105669945 A CN105669945 A CN 105669945A
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杨政鹏
张雪峰
张春静
张春克
牛宇涛
管学茂
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Henan University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料及其制备方法，主要为了解决现有无机注浆材料自悬浮性能差、柔韧性不好的技术问题。本发明采用赤泥、悬浮剂、催化剂、交联剂、水组成A组分；以多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯作为B组分，使用时只需按照比例将A、B组分均匀混合即可。本发明的赤泥基注浆材料自悬浮性能良好，易于注浆；固化时间易于控制；固化后粘接强度高，柔韧性能良好。本发明可以广泛应用于道路裂缝的修补。

Description

一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于道路养护用材料领域，具体涉及一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着公路使用年限的增加，许多高速公路多多少少地出现了病害问题，其中裂缝是高速公路路面破损中最常见、最易发生的一种病害，它出现在高速公路的整个使用期，并随着高速公路路龄的增长而加重。路面裂缝的危害在于水分不断从裂缝中渗入，加速基层路基老化，导致路面承载力不断下降，产生台阶、唧泥、龟裂等病害，进而加速高速路面的破坏。目前常用的道路修补材料主要分为无机和有机两类注浆材料，无机材料主要是水泥基材料，其优点是强度高、价格低廉，但分散性差、硬化慢、柔性差；有机注浆材料主要是聚氨酯类和环氧树脂类材料，这类材料具有粘结强度高、柔性好、硬化快的优点，但成本较高。因此，开发一种成本低的柔性注浆材料是目前需要解决的一个重要问题。
赤泥是制铝工业提取氧化铝时排出的污染性废渣，一般平均每生产1吨氧化铝就会产生1.0～2.0吨赤泥。赤泥的主要成分为CaO、SiO2、Fe2O3和Al2O3，并含有少量的氧化钠和氧化钾。赤泥在生产过程中结合了大量的化学碱且难以脱除，因而大量的赤泥不能充分有效的利用，只能以大面积堆放的方式进行处理。这不仅占用了大量土地，赤泥中的化学成分渗入土地也易造成土地碱化，地下水污染等环境问题。因此，赤泥的有效利用不仅可以节约资源、保护环境，还可以带来巨大的经济效益。目前，已有部分学者将赤泥用于注浆材料，以实现其规模化应用。如中国专利文献CN103896503A公开了一种赤泥基新型注浆材料及其制备方法，通过碱激发作用使赤泥和掺和料生成较高强度的三维凝胶结构；中国专利文献CN104446213A公开了一种以赤泥为原料的注浆材料，利用赤泥和碱的复合激发作用提高注浆料的强度。这些赤泥基注浆材料具有一定的力学强度，一定程度上实现了赤泥的大规模应用，但其自悬浮性能差，粘接力不足，柔性差。
发明内容
综上所述，本发明针对现有技术的不足，提供一种自悬浮性能好、柔韧性好、固化后强度高且成本低的赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料及其制备方法。
本发明采用技术方案如下，
一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料，注浆材料是由体积比为0.9～1.3：1的A组分：B组分均匀混合而成，其中：
A组分是由以下重量份的原料组成的：
赤泥50～60
悬浮剂10～15
催化剂1～2
交联剂2～4
水25～35
B组份是由以下重量份的原料组成的：
多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯100。
进一步，所述的赤泥为拜耳法制得的赤泥。
进一步，所述的悬浮剂为聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇的一种或几种。
进一步，所述的聚丙烯酰胺为阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺或阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺。
进一步，所述的聚乙二醇为聚乙二醇-200、聚乙二醇-400、聚乙二醇-600、聚乙二醇-800中的一种或几种。
进一步，所述的催化剂为三亚乙基二胺、四甲基丁二胺、五甲基二亚乙基三胺、乙基吗啉中的一种或几种。
进一步，所述的交联剂为葡萄糖。
进一步，所述的多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯为PM-200多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯。
一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤1：按照赤泥50～60份、悬浮剂10～15份、催化剂1～2份、交联剂2～4份、水25～35份，称取、混合后搅拌均匀，制成A组分备用；
步骤2：称取100份多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯，作为B组分；
步骤3：将制得的A组分与B组分按照0.9～1.3：1的体积比均匀混合，反应后固化即所述注浆材料的成品。
有益效果：
1、本发明加入含有聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇或聚乙二醇的悬浮剂，一方面使赤泥形成稳定的自悬浮溶液；另一方面，在浆液固化过程中，悬浮剂与多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯发生化学反应，生成复杂的网状结构，使制备的注浆材料固化体具有较好的强度和柔性。
2、本发明不仅有效利用了赤泥，同时利用赤泥的碱性吸收多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯与水反应会生成的二氧化碳，使本发明的注浆材料固结体趋于中性。
3、本发明的注浆材料具有流动性好、固化时间可控、柔性好、粘接强度高、自悬浮、成本低等优点。所用原料均可从市场购得，且工艺流程简单，易于推广。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做出进一步说明：
实施例1：
一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料，其制备方法如下：
步骤1：称取55份赤泥、加入28份水并搅拌均匀，然后加入8份阴离子聚丙烯酰胺、6份聚乙二醇-400、1份三亚乙基二胺、2份葡萄糖，继续搅拌均匀，备用；
步骤2：称取100份PM-200多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯；
步骤3：将制得的A组分与B组分按照1:1的体积比混合均匀，反应固化后即所述注浆材料的成品。
材料测试指标如下：
A、B组分静置2月后，游离液0.0%；A、B组分混合固化4h后，粘接强度2.6MPa，抗折强度19.3MPa，抗折位移10.5mm。
实施例2：
一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料，其制备方法如下：
步骤1：称取55份赤泥、加入25份水并搅拌均匀，然后加入7份阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺、4份聚乙烯醇、4份聚乙二醇-200、2份乙基吗啉、3份葡萄糖，继续搅拌均匀，备用；
步骤2：称取100份PM-200多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯；
步骤3：将制得的A组分与B组分按照0.9:1的体积比混合并搅拌均匀，反应固化后即所述注浆材料的成品。
材料测试指标如下：
A、B组分静置2月后，游离液0.0%；A、B组分混合固化4h后，粘接强度3.2MPa，抗折强度17.5MPa，抗折位移12.1mm。
实施例3：
步骤1：称取60份赤泥、加入25份水并搅拌均匀，然后加入8份聚乙烯醇、2份聚乙二醇-600、1份四甲基丁二胺、4份葡萄糖，继续搅拌均匀，备用；
步骤2：按比例称取100份PM-200多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯；
步骤3：将制得的A组分与B组分按照1.1:1的体积比混合并搅拌均匀，反应固化后即所述注浆材料的成品。
材料测试指标如下：
A、B组分静置2月后，游离液0.0%；A、B组分混合固化4h后，粘接强度2.3MPa，抗折强度20.8MPa，抗折位移9.3mm。
实施例4：
一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料，其制备方法如下：
步骤1：称取60份赤泥、加入27份水并搅拌均匀，然后加入8份聚乙烯醇、2份聚乙二醇-800、1份五甲基二亚乙基三胺、2份葡萄糖，继续搅拌均匀，备用；
步骤2：称取100份PM-200多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯；
步骤3：将制得的A组分与B组分按照1.3:1的体积比混合并搅拌均匀，反应固化后即所述注浆材料的成品。
材料测试指标如下：
A、B组分静置2月后，游离液0.0%；A、B组分混合固化4h后，粘接强度2.0MPa，抗折强度21.7MPa，抗折位移8.4mm。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料，其特征在于：所述的注浆材料是按照体积比为0.9～1.3:1的A组分:B组分均匀混合而成，其中：
A组分是由以下重量份的原料组成的：
赤泥50～60
悬浮剂10～15
催化剂1～2
交联剂2～4
水25～35
B组份是由以下重量份的原料组成的：
多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯100。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料，其特征在于：所述的赤泥为拜耳法制得的赤泥。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料，其特征在于：所述的悬浮剂为聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料，其特征在于：所述的聚丙烯酰胺为阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺或阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料，其特征在于：所述的聚乙二醇为聚乙二醇-200、聚乙二醇-400、聚乙二醇-600、聚乙二醇-800中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料，其特征在于：所述的催化剂为三亚乙基二胺、四甲基丁二胺、五甲基二亚乙基三胺、乙基吗啉中的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料，其特征在于：所述的交联剂为葡萄糖。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料，其特征在于：所述的多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯优选为PM-200多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯。
9.一种权利要求1所述的赤泥基自悬浮柔性注浆材料的制备方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1：按照赤泥50～60份、悬浮剂10～15份、催化剂1～2份、交联剂2～4份、水25～35份，称取、混合后搅拌均匀，制成A组分备用；
步骤2：称取100份多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯，作为B组分；
步骤3：将制得的A组分与B组分按照0.9～1.3：1的体积比均匀混合，反应后固化即所述注浆材料的成品。
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