CN105669209A - Silicon nitride ceramic material, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Silicon nitride ceramic material, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a silicon nitride ceramic material, and a preparation method and an application thereof. The silicon nitride ceramic material comprises, by weight, alpha-Si3N4, beta-Si3N4, deionized water, additive powder, a dispersant, a rare earth metal oxide assistant and serpentine mine tailing; the rare earth metal oxide assistant comprises, by weight, Y2O3, La2O3 and Nb2O3; the additive powder is one or two or above of titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, vanadium carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium boride and zirconium boride powders; and the dispersant comprises polyacrylic acid and polyethylene glycol. The silicon nitride ceramic material has high mechanical performances, the dispersant solves the problem of easy agglomeration of the silicon nitride powder, especially the nanometer additive, in the mixing process, and the above prepared nano-particle uniformly-distributed silicon nitride based mixture has the advantages of high strength, good wear resistance and good thermal conductivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ceramic material field, specifically a kind of silicon nitride ceramic material and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Silicon nitride ceramic material has high intensity, high rigidity, light specific gravity, wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, cold-hot impact, self-lubricating is non-maintaining and the excellent performance such as electric insulation, is the preferred material producing all kinds of high technology ceramics bearings at present. Silicon nitride ceramic ball is also used as valve ball, measure ball, mill ball applies widely in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, machinery, chemical industry.
In recent years, Silicon Nitride Ceramic Cutter, due to its higher hardness, intensity, fracture toughness, the less coefficient of expansion, the element such as the inexhaustible silicon of high temperature resistant and nature, nitrogen, is applied widely at modernization manufacture field. But, along with improving constantly that modernization process technology requires, to the requirement of respective material performance, also when the river rises the boat goes up, to material owing to the difference division of labor of its performance also all the more refines, performance difference use according to converted products match ceramic cutting tool material, both can improve working (machining) efficiency, the loss of material can have been saved again.
An overall research has been done in the processing of cast iron and alloy by prior art, and along with the progress of science and technology, the requirement of processing is also increased day by day, difference according to rapidoprint uses different cutting tools, cutter can be used to greatest extent, reduce loss, reduce cost.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide silicon nitride ceramic material that a kind of intensity is high, wearability is good, heat conductivity is good and its preparation method and application, with the problem solving to propose in above-mentioned background technology.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of silicon nitride ceramic material, is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: α-Si3N4: 70-80 part, β-Si3N4: 3-5 part, deionized water: 50-60 part, additive agent powder: 10-20 part, dispersant: 6-10 part, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent: 5-7 part, serpentine tailing: 3-5 part; Described rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: Y2O3:1.5-2 part, La2O3:1.5-2 part, Nb2O3:2-3 part.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described silicon nitride ceramic material, it is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: α-Si3N4: 72-78 part, β-Si3N4: 3.5-4.5 part, deionized water: 52-58 part, additive agent powder: 12-18 part, dispersant: 7-9 part, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent: 5.4-6.6 part, serpentine tailing: 3.5-4.5 part; Described rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: Y2O3:1.6-1.9 part, La2O3:1.6-1.9 part, Nb2O3:2.2-2.8 part.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described silicon nitride ceramic material, it is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: α-Si3N4: 75 parts, β-Si3N4: 4 parts, deionized water: 55 parts, additive agent powder: 15 parts, dispersant: 8 parts, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent: 6 parts, serpentine tailing: 4 parts; Described rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: Y2O3: 1.8 parts, La2O3: 1.8 parts, Nb2O3: 2.4 parts.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described additive agent powder is one or more in titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, vanadium carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium boride or zirconium boride powder.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described dispersant includes polyacrylic acid and Polyethylene Glycol.
The preparation method of described silicon nitride ceramic material, is made up of following steps:
(1) each raw material is weighed according to weight portion;
(2) first dispersant polyacrylic acid and Polyethylene Glycol are added in deionized water, making polyacrylic mass concentration is 0.8-1%, the mass concentration of Polyethylene Glycol is 1-1.2%, is then stirred making dispersant solution, and the pH value adjusting dispersant solution is 9-11;
(3) by α-Si3N4、β-Si3N4, additive agent powder, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent, dispersant solution mixing after serpentine tailing and adjustment pH value, wherein the percent by volume of solid phase is 30-40%, then adopts Ball-stirring mill or horizontal ball milling to carry out ball milling and prepares slip;
(4) slip adopting closed cycle spray comminutor dry or directly dry and carry out artificial granulation after drying, the grain diameter of artificial granulation is 100-120 μm, and then through cold isostatic compaction, described cold isostatic compaction pressure is 80-100MPa;
(5) carrying out gas pressure sintering, described gas pressure sintering is to carry out under the nitrogen or argon pressure of 6-8MPa, and the temperature of gas pressure sintering is 1750-1850 DEG C, and the gas pressure sintering time is 2-3h;
(6) carrying out HIP sintering again and obtain finished-product material, HIP sintering is to carry out under the nitrogen or argon pressure of 180-200MPa, and HIP sintering temperature is 1600-1700 DEG C, and the HIP sintering time is 1-2h.
As the further scheme of the present invention: in described step (3), the particle mean size of slip is 0.6-0.8 μm.
As the present invention further scheme: the application in preparing sintex of the described silicon nitride ceramic material.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention has higher mechanical property, dispersant solves the problem easily reunited of the additive of beta-silicon nitride powder especially nano-scale in batch mixing process, preparing the equally distributed nitride silicon based compound of nano-particle, intensity is high, wearability is good, heat conductivity is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of silicon nitride ceramic material, it is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: α-Si3N4: 70 parts, β-Si3N4: 3 parts, deionized water: 50 parts, titanium carbide powder: 10 parts, include polyacrylic acid: 3 parts, Polyethylene Glycol: 3 parts, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent: 5 parts, serpentine tailing: 3 parts; Described rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: Y2O3: 1.5 parts, La2O3: 1.5 parts, Nb2O3: 2 parts.
The preparation method of described silicon nitride ceramic material, is made up of following steps:
(1) each raw material is weighed according to weight portion;
(2) first dispersant polyacrylic acid and Polyethylene Glycol are added in deionized water, making polyacrylic mass concentration is 0.8%, the mass concentration of Polyethylene Glycol is 1%, is then stirred making dispersant solution, and the pH value adjusting dispersant solution is 9;
(3) by α-Si3N4、β-Si3N4, titanium carbide, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent, dispersant solution mixing after serpentine tailing and adjustment pH value, wherein the percent by volume of solid phase is 30%, then adopts Ball-stirring mill to carry out ball milling and prepares slip, and the particle mean size of slip is 0.6 μm;
(4) slip adopting closed cycle spray comminutor carry out artificial granulation after drying, the grain diameter of artificial granulation is 100 μm, and then through cold isostatic compaction, described cold isostatic compaction pressure is 80MPa;
(5) carrying out gas pressure sintering, described gas pressure sintering is to carry out under the nitrogen pressure of 6MPa, and the temperature of gas pressure sintering is 1750 DEG C, and the gas pressure sintering time is 2h;
(6) carrying out HIP sintering again and obtain finished-product material, HIP sintering is to carry out under the nitrogen pressure of 180MPa, and HIP sintering temperature is 1600 DEG C, and the HIP sintering time is 1h.
Embodiment 2
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of silicon nitride ceramic material, it is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: α-Si3N4: 75 parts, β-Si3N4: 4 parts, deionized water: 55 parts, tungsten carbide powder: 15 parts, polyacrylic acid: 4 parts, Polyethylene Glycol: 4 parts, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent: 6 parts, serpentine tailing: 4 parts; Described rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: Y2O3: 1.8 parts, La2O3: 1.8 parts, Nb2O3: 2.4 parts.
The preparation method of described silicon nitride ceramic material, is made up of following steps:
(1) each raw material is weighed according to weight portion;
(2) first dispersant polyacrylic acid and Polyethylene Glycol are added in deionized water, making polyacrylic mass concentration is 0.9%, the mass concentration of Polyethylene Glycol is 1.1%, is then stirred making dispersant solution, and the pH value adjusting dispersant solution is 10;
(3) by α-Si3N4、β-Si3N4, additive agent powder, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent, dispersant solution mixing after serpentine tailing and adjustment pH value, wherein the percent by volume of solid phase is 35%, then adopts horizontal ball milling to carry out ball milling and prepares slip, and the particle mean size of slip is 0.7 μm;
(4) slip adopting direct drying carry out artificial granulation after drying, the grain diameter of artificial granulation is 110 μm, and then through cold isostatic compaction, described cold isostatic compaction pressure is 90MPa;
(5) carrying out gas pressure sintering, described gas pressure sintering is to carry out under the argon pressure of 7MPa, and the temperature of gas pressure sintering is 1800 DEG C, and the gas pressure sintering time is 2.5h;
(6) carrying out HIP sintering again and obtain finished-product material, HIP sintering is to carry out under the argon pressure of 190MPa, and HIP sintering temperature is 1650 DEG C, and the HIP sintering time is 1.5h.
Embodiment 3
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of silicon nitride ceramic material, it is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: α-Si3N4:-80 parts, β-Si3N4: 5 parts, deionized water: 60 parts, vanadium carbide powder: 20 parts, polyacrylic acid: 5 parts, Polyethylene Glycol: 5 parts, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent: 7 parts, serpentine tailing: 5 parts; Described rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: Y2O3: 2 parts, La2O3: 2 parts, Nb2O3: 3 parts.
The preparation method of described silicon nitride ceramic material, is made up of following steps:
(1) each raw material is weighed according to weight portion;
(2) first dispersant polyacrylic acid and Polyethylene Glycol are added in deionized water, making polyacrylic mass concentration is 1%, the mass concentration of Polyethylene Glycol is 1.2%, is then stirred making dispersant solution, and the pH value adjusting dispersant solution is 9-11;
(3) by α-Si3N4、β-Si3N4, vanadium carbide powder, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent, dispersant solution mixing after serpentine tailing and adjustment pH value, wherein the percent by volume of solid phase is 40%, then adopts Ball-stirring mill to carry out ball milling and prepares slip, and the particle mean size of slip is 0.8 μm;
(4) slip adopting closed cycle spray comminutor carry out artificial granulation after drying, the grain diameter of artificial granulation is 120 μm, and then through cold isostatic compaction, described cold isostatic compaction pressure is 100MPa;
(5) carrying out gas pressure sintering, described gas pressure sintering is to carry out under the nitrogen pressure of 8MPa, and the temperature of gas pressure sintering is 1850 DEG C, and the gas pressure sintering time is 3h;
(6) carrying out HIP sintering again and obtain finished-product material, HIP sintering is to carry out under the nitrogen pressure of 200MPa, and HIP sintering temperature is 1700 DEG C, and the HIP sintering time is 2h.
Embodiment 4
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of silicon nitride ceramic material, it is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: α-Si3N4: 72 parts, β-Si3N4: 3.5 parts, deionized water: 52 parts, Zirconium carbide powder: 12 parts, polyacrylic acid: 3 parts, Polyethylene Glycol: 4 parts, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent: 5.4 parts, serpentine tailing: 3.5 parts; Described rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: Y2O3: 1.6 parts, La2O3: 1.6 parts, Nb2O3: 2.2 parts.
Preparation process is consistent with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 5
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of silicon nitride ceramic material, it is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: α-Si3N4: 78 parts, β-Si3N4: 4.5 parts, deionized water: 58 parts, titanium boride powder body: 18 parts, polyacrylic acid: 4 parts, Polyethylene Glycol: 5 parts, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent: 6.6 parts, serpentine tailing: 4.5 parts; Described rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: Y2O3: 1.9 parts, La2O3: 1.9 parts, Nb2O3: 2.8 parts.
Preparation process is consistent with embodiment 2.
Comparative example 1
External except not containing titanium boride powder, all the other are consistent with embodiment 5.
Comparative example 2
Except not containing serpentine tailing, all the other are consistent with embodiment 5.
The main performance index of silicon nitride ceramic material prepared by various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example is in Table 1.
Table 1
As can be seen from the above table, the material of embodiment 1-5 is better than comparative example 1-2, namely the silicon nitride ceramic material prepared through the component of the present invention and preparation process, has intensity height, wearability is good, heat conductivity is a good feature, it is possible to as the materials'use making sintex.
The present invention has higher mechanical property, dispersant solves the problem easily reunited of the additive of beta-silicon nitride powder especially nano-scale in batch mixing process, preparing the equally distributed nitride silicon based compound of nano-particle, intensity is high, wearability is good, heat conductivity is good.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, and when without departing substantially from the spirit of the present invention or basic feature, it is possible to realize the present invention in other specific forms. Therefore, no matter from which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the invention rather than described above limits, it is intended that all changes in the implication of the equivalency dropping on claim and scope included in the present invention.
In addition, it is to be understood that, although this specification is been described by according to embodiment, but not each embodiment only comprises an independent technical scheme, this narrating mode of description is only for clarity sake, description should be made as a whole by those skilled in the art, and the technical scheme in each embodiment through appropriately combined, can also form other embodiments that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
Claims (8)
1. a silicon nitride ceramic material, it is characterised in that be made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: α-Si3N4: 70-80 part, β-Si3N4: 3-5 part, deionized water: 50-60 part, additive agent powder: 10-20 part, dispersant: 6-10 part, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent: 5-7 part, serpentine tailing: 3-5 part; Described rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: Y2O3:1.5-2 part, La2O3:1.5-2 part, Nb2O3:2-3 part.
2. silicon nitride ceramic material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: α-Si3N4: 72-78 part, β-Si3N4: 3.5-4.5 part, deionized water: 52-58 part, additive agent powder: 12-18 part, dispersant: 7-9 part, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent: 5.4-6.6 part, serpentine tailing: 3.5-4.5 part; Described rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: Y2O3:1.6-1.9 part, La2O3:1.6-1.9 part, Nb2O3:2.2-2.8 part.
3. silicon nitride ceramic material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: α-Si3N4: 75 parts, β-Si3N4: 4 parts, deionized water: 55 parts, additive agent powder: 15 parts, dispersant: 8 parts, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent: 6 parts, serpentine tailing: 4 parts; Described rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent is made up of according to the raw material of weight portion following: Y2O3: 1.8 parts, La2O3: 1.8 parts, Nb2O3: 2.4 parts.
4. according to the arbitrary described silicon nitride ceramic material of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described additive agent powder is one or more in titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, vanadium carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium boride or zirconium boride powder.
5. according to the arbitrary described silicon nitride ceramic material of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described dispersant includes polyacrylic acid and Polyethylene Glycol.
6. one kind as arbitrary in claim 1-3 as described in the preparation method of silicon nitride ceramic material, it is characterised in that be made up of following steps:
(1) each raw material is weighed according to weight portion;
(2) first dispersant polyacrylic acid and Polyethylene Glycol are added in deionized water, making polyacrylic mass concentration is 0.8-1%, the mass concentration of Polyethylene Glycol is 1-1.2%, is then stirred making dispersant solution, and the pH value adjusting dispersant solution is 9-11;
(3) by α-Si3N4、β-Si3N4, additive agent powder, rare-earth oxide auxiliary agent, dispersant solution mixing after serpentine tailing and adjustment pH value, wherein the percent by volume of solid phase is 30-40%, then adopts Ball-stirring mill or horizontal ball milling to carry out ball milling and prepares slip;
(4) slip adopting closed cycle spray comminutor dry or directly dry and carry out artificial granulation after drying, the grain diameter of artificial granulation is 100-120 μm, and then through cold isostatic compaction, described cold isostatic compaction pressure is 80-100MPa;
(5) carrying out gas pressure sintering, described gas pressure sintering is to carry out under the nitrogen or argon pressure of 6-8MPa, and the temperature of gas pressure sintering is 1750-1850 DEG C, and the gas pressure sintering time is 2-3h;
(6) carrying out HIP sintering again and obtain finished-product material, HIP sintering is to carry out under the nitrogen or argon pressure of 180-200MPa, and HIP sintering temperature is 1600-1700 DEG C, and the HIP sintering time is 1-2h.
7. the preparation method of silicon nitride ceramic material according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in described step (3), the particle mean size of slip is 0.6-0.8 μm.
8. preparing the application of sintex according to the arbitrary described silicon nitride ceramic material of claim 1-3.
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