CN105668805A - Method for removing cadmium from wastewater through biomass-microorganism synergy - Google Patents
Method for removing cadmium from wastewater through biomass-microorganism synergy Download PDFInfo
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- CN105668805A CN105668805A CN201610053485.XA CN201610053485A CN105668805A CN 105668805 A CN105668805 A CN 105668805A CN 201610053485 A CN201610053485 A CN 201610053485A CN 105668805 A CN105668805 A CN 105668805A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/347—Use of yeasts or fungi
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for removing cadmium from wastewater through biomass-microorganism synergy. The method comprises steps as follows: step one, pretreatment of biomass (namely, rice straw): the rice straw is washed, dried, smashed and sieved for standby application; preparation of a white-rot fungus spore suspension: a spore suspension is prepared from phanerochaete chrysosporium through selection, and the phanerochaete chrysosporium spore suspension per ml contains 2.0*10<6> spores; preparation of cadmium-containing wastewater: the cadmium-containing wastewater is prepared from chemically pure CdSO4 through selection, and the pH value is regulated with a NaOH solution or a HCl solution; step two, cadmium ion removal: the rice straw, the white-rot fungus spore suspension and the cadmium-containing wastewater are mixed, the temperature is adjusted in a range from 25 DEG C to 35 DEG C, vibrating adsorption is performed for 1-14 days, and the cadmium removing efficiency of the cadmium-containing wastewater with the initial cadmium concentration of 50-200 mg/L can reach 80% or higher. The method has the advantages of high treatment efficiency, good treatment effect and low cost, is environmentally friendly and avoids secondary pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental area, it is specifically related to one and utilizes the collaborative method removing cadmium in waste water of biomass (rice straw)-microorganism (Phanerochaete chrysosporium).
Background technology
In recent years, due to the development of the industry such as plating, process hides, dyestuff, anticorrosion, papermaking, the use of heavy metal is more and more extensive, adjoint and next is that the sewage discharge containing heavy metal in a large number is in environment, water body is polluted, the ecosystem is damaged, and thus the improvement of heavy metal contamination gets more and more people's extensive concerning. Wherein cadmium is one of heavy metal " five poisonous creatures: scorpion, viper, centipede, house lizard, toad ", and cadmium can be accumulated in the kidney of human body and bone, causes the various disease such as renal failure, osteomalacia. " itai-itai disease " event occurring in Japan folic hill is exactly that cadmium wastewater is entered water body by local aluminium manufacturer, resident eats containing cadmium rice for a long time, drinks containing cadmium water, in body, Cd accumulation is too much, causes the calcium in renal dysfunction, sclerotin to be replaced by cadmium, skeleton softening, fracture are caused. Cadmium in addition carcinogenic, cause deformity, the toxic action of mutagenesis.
Traditional heavy metal wastewater thereby method for governing pollution many employings physico-chemical process, such as chemical reduction method, chemical precipitation method, ion exchange method, electrolytic process, extraction process, active carbon adsorption, membrane separation process etc., although removal heavy metal is polluted by these methods certain effect, but there is the defects such as investment is big, energy consumption height, operational difficulty, easily generation secondary pollution to some extent.
In China, agricultural crop straw raw material is very abundant, can reach 1,000,000,000 tons every year, and wherein rice straw accounts for about 20%. But major part rice straw is used as fuel or is directly burnt in field, not only makes soil fertility decay, destroys the eubiosis, and also result in topsoil. Simultaneously with rice straw as fuel owing to its heat utilization rate is lower, be also great waste to resource.
In addition, in process heavy metal polluted waste water, microbial technique has the advantages such as breeding is quick, reaction conditions is gentle, processing power is strong, is subject to the extensive concern of scientists. White-rot fungi is the microorganism that a class can process organic-inorganic pollutant effluents simultaneously.By materials such as secretory cell film outer protein, enzyme, ions, white-rot fungi can not only the organic pollutant such as dyestuff, hormone, agricultural chemicals in degrading waste water, moreover it is possible to the various heavy such as Cd, Pb, Hg, the Zn in process waste water, therefore have a wide range of applications.
At present, lot of domestic and international researcher utilizes separately modification rice straw or microorganism to remove the heavy metal cadmium in waste water, wherein rice straw modifying process is comparatively complicated, cost is also higher, and utilizes separately microbiological treatment heavy metal wastewater thereby to there is the problems such as microbial reproduction ability is low, removal efficiency of heavy metals is lower. Therefore, how to make full use of rice straw and microorganism works in coordination with the heavy metal cadmium removed in waste water, become the difficult problem of this area.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of cadmium ion removal efficiency that can improve in waste water is provided, realize rice straw recycling, and with low cost, simple to operate, working cost is low, process and effective utilize biomass-microorganism to work in coordination with the method removing cadmium in waste water.
For solving the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Utilize biomass-microorganism to work in coordination with the method removing cadmium in waste water, comprise the following steps:
Step one: biomass pre-treatment: biomass choose rice straw, and by rice straw washing, drying, pulverizing, sieving for standby; Prepare white-rot fungi spore suspension: choose Phanerochaete chrysosporium and prepare spore suspension; Preparation cadmium wastewater: the CdSO choosing chemical pure4Preparation cadmium wastewater, by NaOH solution or HCl solution adjust ph;
Step 2: cadmium ion is removed: by rice straw, white-rot fungi spore suspension and cadmium wastewater mixing, regulates temperature to carry out vibration absorption.
Preferably, the mass volume ratio of described rice straw and cadmium wastewater is 5g～10g:1L; The volume ratio of described white-rot fungi spore suspension and cadmium wastewater is 0.005～0.01:1.
Preferably, the adsorption temp that vibrates is 25～35 DEG C; Shaking speed during vibration absorption is 150r/min～200r/min; Vibration adsorption time is 1～14 day.
Preferably, Cd in described cadmium wastewater2+Starting point concentration be not higher than 200mg/L; The pH value of described cadmium wastewater is 4～6.
Preferably, rice straw deionized water wash 3～5 times, dry at 60～80 DEG C dries, and pulverizes and sieves, and the size of mesh sieved for straw powder is 10～18 orders.
Preferably, described white-rot fungi spore suspension is the spore suspension of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and every milliliter of Phanerochaete chrysosporium spore suspension is containing spore 2.0 × 106Individual.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that:
Utilize rice straw Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions, it is not only a kind of effective way of comprehensive utilization stalk resource, it is to increase the utility value of stalk, also effectively from source, decreases environmental pollution.
The present invention by rice straw and white-rot fungi simultaneously for the treatment of cadmium wastewater, rice straw to the adsorption of cadmium, white-rot fungi to rice straw degraded product to the adsorption of cadmium, white-rot fungi to the adsorption of cadmium and secondary metabolite oxalic acid to the sequestering action of cadmium collaborative under, effectively improve the removal efficiency of cadmium in waste water, achieve the recycling of rice straw simultaneously, and this method environmental protection non-secondary pollution, treatment process are simple, easy to operate, investment cost and the advantage such as working cost is low, are of very high actual application value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, it is briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is that biomass-microorganism works in coordination with the mechanism figure removing cadmium in waste water.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments. Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In following examples, white-rot fungi spore suspension refers to the spore suspension of Phanerochaete chrysosporium (Phanerochaetechrysosporium, CCTCCAF96007), and all the other materials and instrument are commercially available.
Wherein Phanerochaete chrysosporium spore suspension is prepared according to following preparation method:
Phanerochaete chrysosporium (the CCTCC that will buy, AF96007) scrape from the slant medium of preservation, and it is seeded to potato dextrose culture-medium, the biochemical culture case being placed in 37 DEG C is cultivated, and after 6 days, the good bacterial classification of growth selection situation is placed in the refrigerator of 4 DEG C to carry out preservation; In sterilizing platform, dissolve in sterilized water with aseptic cotton carrier sticky spore getting object bacteria from substratum, by stirring and vibrations make spore evenly disperse,
Form spore suspension. Measure the turbidity of solution, when turbidity is about 60%, it is the spore suspension of the present embodiment Phanerochaete chrysosporium used, every milliliter of spore suspension has the order of magnitude be 2 × 106Individual spore. Potato dextrose culture-medium consists of: potato 40g, glucose 4g, water 200mL.
Embodiment 1
Biomass-the microorganism that utilizes of the present invention works in coordination with the method removing cadmium in waste water, comprises the following steps:
By rice straw with after deionized water wash 5 times, in 60 DEG C of oven dry, after broken, cross the sieve in 10 order apertures; Prepare 5 parts of each 1L of 200mg/L cadmium wastewater, it is 2,3,4,5,6 by NaOH solution or HCl solution adjust ph; 5g rice straw and 5mL Phanerochaete chrysosporium spore suspension being mixed with above-mentioned 1L cadmium wastewater, be 35 DEG C in temperature, carry out vibration absorption when rotating speed is 150rpm, question response, after 12 days, completes the removal to cadmium wastewater.
By sample leave standstill 30min, get 2mL supernatant liquor centrifugal, 0.45 micron membrane filter filter, measure and calculate Cd in waste water2+Removal efficiency. Measurement result is in table 1.
Table 1: Cd in waste water under different pH value2+Removal efficiency
| PH value | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Clearance (%) | 5.36 | 36.50 | 81.65 | 83.88 | 80.04 |
From table 1, when pH value rises to 5 from 2, rice straw-white-rot fungi is to Cd2+Clearance has obvious rising; PH higher than after 5, Cd2+Clearance declines again. So pH scope suitable in the present invention is: 4～6, optimal ph is 5.
Embodiment 1 illustrates that cadmium tool in rice straw and microorganism collaborative removal waste water has a great impact the pH value of system to utilizing. When lower pH, the adsorption function group on straw surface is (such as COO on the one hand–) can be protonated, it is unfavorable for that straw is to Cd2+Absorption; Low pH is unfavorable for the Growth and metabolism of white-rot fungi on the other hand, thus affects white-rot fungi to Cd2+Absorption and rice straw secondary metabolite oxalic acid to Cd2+Sequestering action. When higher pH, system can exist higher concentration H+, these H+Meeting and Cd2+The adsorption site on competition rice straw surface, and the growth metabolism of white-rot fungi can be hindered, affect it to Cd2+Removal.Therefore rice straw and white-rot fungi work in coordination with the Optimal pH removing cadmium in waste water is 5.
Embodiment 2
Biomass-the microorganism that utilizes of the present invention works in coordination with the method removing cadmium in waste water, comprises the following steps:
By rice straw with after deionized water wash 5 times, in 80 DEG C of oven dry, after broken, cross the sieve in 10 order apertures; Prepare 5 parts of each 1L of 200mg/L cadmium wastewater, it is 5 by NaOH solution or HCl solution adjust ph; 5g rice straw and 5mL Phanerochaete chrysosporium spore suspension being mixed with above-mentioned 1L cadmium wastewater, be 20,25,30,35,40 DEG C in temperature, carry out vibration absorption when rotating speed is 200rpm, question response, after 12 days, completes the removal to cadmium wastewater.
By sample leave standstill 30min, get 2mL supernatant liquor centrifugal, 0.45 micron membrane filter filter, measure and calculate Cd in waste water2+Removal efficiency. Measurement result is in table 2.
Table 2: Cd in waste water at different treatment temperature2+Removal efficiency
| Temperature (DEG C) | 20.0 | 25.0 | 30.0 | 35.0 | 40.0 |
| Clearance (%) | 60.25 | 80.56 | 85.78 | 80.69 | 65.24 |
As shown in Table 2, temperature removes Cd to rice straw-white-rot fungi is collaborative2+Having a certain impact, the temperature that reason is too high or too low can limit the growth and breeding of white-rot fungi and various Metabolic activity, and white-rot fungi also can be suppressed the degradation process of rice straw, thus reduces Cd2+Removal effect. So temperature range suitable in the present invention is: 25～35 DEG C, optimum temps is 30 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
Biomass-the microorganism that utilizes of the present invention works in coordination with the method removing cadmium in waste water, comprises the following steps:
By rice straw with after deionized water wash 4 times, in 80 DEG C of oven dry, after broken, cross the sieve in 18 order apertures; Prepare 5 part 50,100,150,200, each 1L of 250mg/L cadmium wastewater, be 5 by NaOH solution or HCl solution adjust ph; 10g rice straw and 10mL Phanerochaete chrysosporium spore suspension being mixed with above-mentioned 1L cadmium wastewater, be 30 DEG C in temperature, carry out vibration absorption when rotating speed is 200rpm, question response, after 14 days, completes the removal to cadmium wastewater.
By sample leave standstill 30min, get 2mL supernatant liquor centrifugal, 0.45 micron membrane filter filter, measure and calculate Cd in waste water2+Removal efficiency. Measurement result is in table 3.
Table 3: different initial Cd2+Cd in waste water under concentration2+Removal efficiency
| Cd2+Concentration (mg/L) | 50 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 250 |
| Clearance (%) | 99.50 | 99.62 | 99.31 | 87.44 | 59.22 |
As shown in Table 3, along with Cd in waste water2+The increase of concentration, Cd in waste water2+Removal efficiency present the trend first increasing and subtracting afterwards. As Cd in waste water2+When concentration is 100mg/L, Cd in waste water2+Clearance is up to 99.62%. And work as Cd2+When concentration is increased to 250mg/L further, the clearance of this method is lower than 60%. Therefore, the cadmium wastewater concentration range of this method suitable treatment is 50～200mg/L.
The foregoing is only the better embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of doing, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. one kind utilizes biomass-microorganism to work in coordination with the method removing cadmium in waste water, it is characterised in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one: biomass pre-treatment: biomass choose rice straw, and by rice straw washing, drying, pulverizing, sieving for standby; Prepare white-rot fungi spore suspension: choose Phanerochaete chrysosporium and prepare spore suspension; Preparation cadmium wastewater: the CdSO choosing chemical pure4Preparation cadmium wastewater, by NaOH solution or HCl solution adjust ph;
Step 2: cadmium ion is removed: by rice straw, white-rot fungi spore suspension and cadmium wastewater mixing, regulates temperature to carry out vibration absorption.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mass volume ratio of described rice straw and cadmium wastewater is 5g～10g:1L; The volume ratio of described white-rot fungi spore suspension and cadmium wastewater is 0.005～0.01:1.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: vibration adsorption temp is 25～35 DEG C; Shaking speed during vibration absorption is 150r/min～200r/min; Vibration adsorption time is 1～14 day.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Cd in described cadmium wastewater2+Starting point concentration be not higher than 200mg/L; The pH value of described cadmium wastewater is 4～6.
5. according to the arbitrary described method of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that: rice straw deionized water wash 3～5 times, dry at 60～80 DEG C to dry, pulverize and sieve, the size of mesh sieved for straw powder is 10～18 orders.
6. according to the arbitrary described method of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that: described white-rot fungi spore suspension is the spore suspension of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and every milliliter of Phanerochaete chrysosporium spore suspension is containing spore 2.0 × 106Individual.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107164296A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-15 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of method for improving the lower Phanerochaete chrysosporium activity of heavy metal cadmium stress |
| CN107983313A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-04 | 湖南大学 | A kind of method that Cadmium In The Water Body ion adsorbent is prepared based on dilute sulfuric acid and DDBAC combined pretreatment wheat stalks |
| CN112317530A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-05 | 海南大学 | Effective method for remedying rice polluted by heavy metal cadmium through fungus organisms |
| CN115838717A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-03-24 | 湖南工商大学 | White-rot fungus-biochar composite bacterium ball as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115838717A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-03-24 | 湖南工商大学 | White-rot fungus-biochar composite bacterium ball as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115838717B (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-03-19 | 湖南工商大学 | White rot fungi-biochar composite fungus ball and preparation method and application thereof |
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