CN105667429B - The guard method of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control, apparatus and system - Google Patents
The guard method of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control, apparatus and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105667429B CN105667429B CN201610021747.4A CN201610021747A CN105667429B CN 105667429 B CN105667429 B CN 105667429B CN 201610021747 A CN201610021747 A CN 201610021747A CN 105667429 B CN105667429 B CN 105667429B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric generators; for synchronous capacitors
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- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control guard method, apparatus and systems, obtain the benchmark voltage of voltage sensor；The DC voltage exported according to voltage sensor makes the DC voltage stability that voltage sensor exports in benchmark voltage.The present invention is that automatic voltage regulation numerical value is accurate, voltage stabling control is short, and mobile generator output voltage can be monitored automatically, so that automobile engine is operated under idling mode and cuts off a kind of mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing protection system of output of the generator to load simultaneously, the present invention removes the output voltage of control mobile generator by changing rotating speed of automobile engine, control rotating speed of automobile engine is removed with voltage sensor, the output voltage for realizing mobile generator is controlled automatically under rated voltage, and ultra under-pressure automatic protection, the present invention, that is, exportable analog signal and the throttle control signal of exportable number, substantially all EFI engine automobile chassises are covered, it is easy to operate, it is easy to use and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle-mounted electricity generator system, especially a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control guard method, dress
It sets and system.
Background technology
Mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing controls and super, under-voltage automatic protection has fully been paid attention to by industry in recent years, is grasping
How work ensures that generator and electrical equipment in time, correctly, safely come into operation, and widely receive pass in the process
Note, however this technical field is still blank.
Since mobile generator needs to solve two large problems in practical usage situations：First, power (generally will want 30 greatly
Kilowatt or more), second is that volume wants small.And both of these problems exactly conflict, the power of high-power generator is diesel engine,
And the volume ratio generator group of diesel engine is bulky more, actual use person is to sacrifice interior limited space as cost
's.(interior space is of great value, it needs the equipment of installation is complete certain functions)
There have been the method modes generally used at present in order to solve the above problem：It (is substituted using automobile engine itself
Diesel engine) drive generating set pattern.It solves space problem, and reduces cost.The use of this method mode, makes
Many special vehicle (such as Lighting tower fire vehicle, disaster unit, air servicer) output power biggers are obtained, function is more perfect.But
But insurmountable technical problem is encountered in actual use, the rated speed 1300r/min of general electricity generation unit~
1500r/min exports stable voltage under rated speed, and automobile engine just has best output work under certain rotating speed
Rate, this rotating speed connect the power taking between automobile engine and generator generally between 1900r/min~2300r/min
The speed ratio of device is (still without the power takeoff of suitable reduction ratio in the currently available technology) of speedup.It just makes in use in this way
At great contradiction：On the one hand, power load needs generator to provide stable voltage output, and on the other hand, automobile hair
Motivation can only operate in the half of rated speed, and power output only has specified 1/2 or so.Just go out in use in this way
Existing following point：After automobile engine starting, adjusts its rotating speed and so that generator output voltage is rated voltage, it is negative when opening
After load (being mostly inductive load), since load starting current is very big, need to ask for more power to generator, but automobile is sent out
The power that motivation is provided at this time cannot meet the needs of generator so that engine speed declines, and causes generator output electricity
Drops.This is a vicious circle, result：First, overflow means protection cut-out loads, second is that overcurrent protection could not be timely
Effect is so that generator stall, three be that the meeting of most serious causes engine misses, the phenomenon that this " the big motionless trolley of horse traction ", just
It is the common fault of current mobile generator.Solution is that engine speed is adjusted while opening load at present, when load starts
After the completion, then adjusting rotating speed makes output voltage in rated range.This method of manual adjustment, that is, cumbersome and dangerous, slightly not
It is careful, it will result in serious consequence.In addition it is exactly to select more powerful automobile chassis (huge waste for causing resource).
Engine Exhaust Emission standard is state 4, state 5 at present, is all made of high pressure for rail EFI engine, accelerator mode control
No longer it is that mechanical type spring pulls adjusting, but uses electronic throttle, controls engine speed so that adjust the tradition of throttle
Mode be not applicable in, and the present invention fundamentally solves the problems, such as Throttle Opening Control.
Through retrieval, patent document (application number is found：201510014372.4；Publication number：CN104625335A it) discloses
A kind of speed control system and method for engine-driven generator, according to demand detected in generator and/or
The operating parameter of electric welding machine changes engine speed.For example, the engine speed can be according to detected in generator
The operating parameter of load and/or the electric welding machine is promoted.In addition, if not detecting demand whithin a period of time, it is described
Engine speed can be automatically lowered to non-standard idle speed or the engine can automatic shutdown.In addition, if in generator
In only detect the not demand by frequency influence, the engine speed may be promoted.
The patent document is a kind of improvement of the vapour being commonly used, diesel generating set, it utilizes " an engine
Controller " goes to realize the rotating speed of the power source (internal combustion engine) of control generator, is a kind of with power source to have widened generating set
Use scope device, actually use range very little, can be used only in the limited duty within electric welding machine, still fall within general hair
The scope of motor group.
And the invention solves critical issue be：How the passive delivery generator that by automobile engine is driven is controlled
Output voltage, and have perfect protective device.
The present invention key technology be：Mobile generator output end voltage is sampled using voltage sensor, inside CPU
Program, one oil to match with automobile engine ECU (Electronic Control Unit, electronic control unit) of output
Gate control signal to automatically control the rotating speed of mobile generator, and then makes mobile generator obtain stable rotating speed, output one
The voltage (not by load effect) of a stabilization, and expanded every control defencive function.
Compared with the patent document, the present invention has following improvement and technical advantage：
(1) since mobile generator is the generator of passive delivery, the inner space of automobile is saved, is special purpose vehicle
More instruments of equipment provide a convenient.
(2) meet energy conservation and environmental protection requirement, use automobile engine in the present invention, therefore the discharge of engine can meet state
4 or 5 discharge standard of state, and the diesel source (internal combustion engine) for the electricity generation unit that the patent document uses also be not achieved with
Upper discharge standard.
(3) it reduces expenses, makes full use of automobile engine resources advantage itself, eliminate huge diesel engine, group
At energy-efficient mobile generator, use scope of the present invention is wide, adapts to all kinds of loads, can be commonly used in fire-fighting and speedily carries out rescue work and rescue
Help, film shooting, portable lighting, the fields such as power supply.
Invention content
For the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of protections of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control
System.
According to a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control guard method provided by the invention, include the following steps：
Benchmark voltage obtaining step：Obtain the benchmark voltage of voltage sensor, wherein voltage sensor detects
The ac output voltage of mobile generator；
Wherein：
X expressions are when the ac output voltage of mobile generator is normal voltage, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output；
B expressions are under the maximum input voltage of voltage sensor, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output；
U indicates standard AC voltage；
A indicates the highest input ac voltage of voltage sensor；
Using X as the benchmark voltage；
Automotive throttle rate-determining steps：According to the DC voltage that voltage sensor exports, as follows, to automotive throttle
It is controlled：
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is less than Y1, make automobile engine idle running, and cut off vehicle-mounted hair
The power supply of motor to electrical equipment is supplied；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than or equal to Y1 and is less than X, increase automotive throttle, to improve vapour
Car engine rotating speed；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is equal to X, automotive throttle is made to be maintained at current state；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than X and is less than or equal to Y2, reduce automotive throttle, to reduce vapour
Car engine rotating speed；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than Y2, make automobile engine idle running, and cut off vehicle-mounted hair
The power supply of motor to electrical equipment is supplied；
Wherein, Y1 indicates that lower voltage limit threshold values, Y2 indicate that upper limit voltage threshold values, D1 indicate mobile generator exchange output electricity
The lower limit of pressure, D2 indicate the upper limit of mobile generator ac output voltage；
Step 2 is repeatedly executed at predetermined intervals, so that the DC voltage stability of voltage sensor output is in X.
According to a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protective device provided by the invention, including following device：
Benchmark voltage acquisition device：Benchmark voltage for obtaining voltage sensor, wherein voltage sensor
Detect the ac output voltage of mobile generator；
Wherein：
X expressions are when the ac output voltage of mobile generator is normal voltage, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output；
B expressions are under the maximum input voltage of voltage sensor, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output；
U indicates standard AC voltage；
A indicates the highest input ac voltage of voltage sensor；
Using X as the benchmark voltage；
Control device for automobile accelerator：DC voltage for being exported repeatedly according to voltage sensor, it is as follows, right
Automotive throttle is controlled, so that the DC voltage stability of voltage sensor output is in X：
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is less than Y1, make automobile engine idle running, and cut off vehicle-mounted hair
The power supply of motor to electrical equipment is supplied；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than or equal to Y1 and is less than X, increase automotive throttle, to improve vapour
Car engine rotating speed；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is equal to X, automotive throttle is made to be maintained at current state；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than X and is less than or equal to Y2, reduce automotive throttle, to reduce vapour
Car engine rotating speed；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than Y2, make automobile engine idle running, and cut off vehicle-mounted hair
The power supply of motor to electrical equipment is supplied；
Wherein, Y1 indicates that lower voltage limit threshold values, Y2 indicate that upper limit voltage threshold values, D1 indicate mobile generator exchange output electricity
The lower limit of pressure, D2 indicate the upper limit of mobile generator ac output voltage.
System is protected according to a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control provided by the invention, including CPU microprocessor 1,
Isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2, voltage isolation module 3, operation panel 4, liquid crystal display 5, operational amplifier 6, voltage sensor
7, photoelectrical coupler 8, speed probe 9, automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port 102；The liquid crystal display 5, operation panel 4, electricity
Source isolation Voltage stabilizing module 2 is respectively connected to the CPU microprocessor 1；
The mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protects system, further includes accessing the micro- places the CPU through operational amplifier 6
The voltage sensor 7 for managing device 1, the speed probe 9 of the CPU microprocessor 1 is accessed through photoelectrical coupler 8；The voltage every
It is respectively connected to voltage sensor 7, speed probe 9 from module 3；Voltage sensor 7 detects the exchange output electricity of mobile generator
Pressure；Speed probe 9 detects the rotating speed of automobile engine；The CPU microprocessor 1 accesses automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port
102；
The CPU microprocessor 1 is used for according to the direct current exported through 6 amplified voltage sensor of operational amplifier
Pressure, controls automotive throttle by automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port 102.
Preferably, the CPU microprocessor 1 includes the mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection described in claim 2
Device.
Preferably, the CPU microprocessor 1 includes signal gathering unit 12, recognition unit 15, arithmetic element 16, processing
Unit 17, output unit 19；
Voltage sensor 7, speed probe 9 access the recognition unit 15, and the recognition unit 15 is separately connected described
Arithmetic element 16, the signal protection unit 13, the arithmetic element 16, the arithmetic element 16 connect with the processing unit 17
Connect, the processing unit 17 is connect with the output unit 19, amplifying unit 18 respectively, the signal gathering unit 12 with it is described
Processing unit 17 connects；
Transducing signal is sent to recognition unit 15 by voltage sensor 7, speed probe 9, identified unit 15 identify after by
The processing of arithmetic element 16, carries out logical operation, forms the data code that processing unit 17 can identify, through the processing unit 17 pairs of letters
Number carry out digital-to-analogue conversion, control signal is exported to liquid crystal display 5 and automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control end by output unit 19
Mouthful；
The processing unit 17 includes the mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protective device described in claim 2.
Preferably, the CPU microprocessor 1 further includes signal gathering unit 12 and/or signal protection unit 13；
The signal gathering unit 12 will acquire from the operational order of operation panel 4 and be sent to processing unit 17, and processing is single
Member exports control signal according to operational order and gives automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port；
It is single by processing after the identified unit 15 of superpressure signal, under-voltage signal of the acquisition of signal protection unit 13 is handled
After member 17 is confirmed as output voltage exception, the mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection system is made to be switched to suspend mode locking shape
State, under suspend mode lock-out state, all button operations are invalid in addition to power switch, and processing unit 17 also passes through output unit 19
Superpressure signal, under-voltage signal are sent to liquid crystal display 5, liquid crystal display 5 shows super, under-voltage protection information, and handles list
Member 17 controls automobile engine idle running, realizes super, under-voltage automatic protection and shows alarm, while cutting off mobile generator
To the output of load.
Preferably, further include input power；Input power is CPU microprocessor 1, liquid by isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2
Crystal display 5 provides working power；Input power is that voltage sensor 7, speed probe 9 provide through overvoltage isolation module 3
Working power；
The speed probe is CYPRESS3013 Sai Pulasi Hall sensors, and the voltage sensor is isolated
Pressure transmitter, the CPU microprocessor 1 are the macro base microcontrollers of stc12c5612AD；
Speed probe 9 is mounted on power takeoff with above automobile current generator transmission shaft, and the flange equipped with the strong magnetic of neodymium iron boron is solid
It is scheduled on transmission shaft, flange and 9 relative position ＜ 3mm of speed probe；CPU microprocessor is exported according to speed probe 9
Transducing signal generates rotary speed information, and shows the rotary speed information by liquid crystal display 5.
Preferably, the operation mode of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection system includes manual operation mode；In hand
Under dynamic operation mode, automotive throttle is controlled in the throttle operation instruction that the CPU microprocessor 1 is acquired according to operation panel
System.
Preferably, the throttle control signal of output, for adapt to analog voltage signal automobile chassis analog signal, or
For be adapted to Digital Signals automobile chassis digital signal.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantageous effect：
1, it in the present invention, is required according to mobile generator rotating speed and automobile engine characteristics curve, output one can be with
The control signal that automobile engine ECU Throttle Opening Controls end exactly matches and adapts to generator to tach signal requirement, the control
Signal is the most important design concept of the present invention, is the core technology for realizing fully automatic pressure-stabilizing control protection.
2, the present invention is that a kind of automatic voltage regulation numerical value is accurate, voltage stabling control is short, and can monitor mobile generator output automatically
Voltage, and automatic protection makes automobile engine be operated under idling mode and cuts off generator simultaneously extremely under super, undervoltage condition
A kind of mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing of the output of load protects system.
3, the present invention removes the output voltage of control mobile generator by changing rotating speed of automobile engine, uses voltage sensor
Control rotating speed of automobile engine is removed, the output voltage for realizing mobile generator is controlled automatically under rated voltage and ultra under-pressure
Automatic protection fundamentally changes mobile generator and adjusts voltage manually, that super, under-voltage protection throttle adjustment is not difficult, deposited
Many disadvantages.
4, voltage control accuracy of the present invention is high, the time is short, ultra under-pressure protection is rapid, is easily installed, and need not debug, operation
Simply, easy to use and reliable.
Description of the drawings
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon：
Fig. 1 is a kind of mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing Control protection system functional block diagram provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing Control protection system provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of flow chart of mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing control guard method provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of circuit knot of the CPU microprocessor of mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing Control protection system of the present invention
Structure control flow block diagram.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, several changes and improvements can also be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection domain.
According to a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control guard method provided by the invention, include the following steps：
Benchmark voltage obtaining step：Obtain the benchmark voltage of voltage sensor, wherein voltage sensor detects
The ac output voltage of mobile generator；
Wherein：
X expressions are when the ac output voltage of mobile generator is normal voltage, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output；
B expressions are under the maximum input voltage of voltage sensor, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output；
U indicates standard AC voltage；
A indicates the highest input ac voltage of voltage sensor；
Using X as the benchmark voltage；
Wherein, B, A, U are known quantity.
Automotive throttle rate-determining steps：According to the DC voltage that voltage sensor exports, as follows, to automotive throttle
It is controlled：
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is less than Y1, make automobile engine idle running, and cut off vehicle-mounted hair
The power supply of motor to electrical equipment is supplied；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than or equal to Y1 and is less than X, increase automotive throttle, to improve vapour
Car engine rotating speed；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is equal to X, automotive throttle is made to be maintained at current state；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than X and is less than or equal to Y2, reduce automotive throttle, to reduce vapour
Car engine rotating speed；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than Y2, make automobile engine idle running, and cut off vehicle-mounted hair
The power supply of motor to electrical equipment is supplied；
Wherein, Y1 indicates that lower voltage limit threshold values, Y2 indicate that upper limit voltage threshold values, D1 indicate mobile generator exchange output electricity
The lower limit of pressure, D2 indicate the upper limit of mobile generator ac output voltage；
Step 2 is repeatedly executed at predetermined intervals, so that the DC voltage stability of voltage sensor output is in X.
The present invention utilizes mobile generator output end voltage, obtains throttle control signal, to de-regulation output voltage.
CPU microprocessor carries out sampling comparison according to the signal that voltage sensor exports is continual, and output throttle control signal is adjusted
Automobile current generator rotating speed, to reach a stable output voltage, control principle block diagram is shown in Fig. 3.
Accordingly with the mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control guard method, according to a kind of vehicle-mounted hair provided by the invention
Motor automatic voltage stabilization and control protective device, including following device：
Benchmark voltage acquisition device：Benchmark voltage for obtaining voltage sensor, wherein voltage sensor
Detect the ac output voltage of mobile generator；
Wherein：
X expressions are when the ac output voltage of mobile generator is normal voltage, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output；
B expressions are under the maximum input voltage of voltage sensor, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output；
U indicates standard AC voltage；
A indicates the highest input ac voltage of voltage sensor；
Using X as the benchmark voltage；
Control device for automobile accelerator：DC voltage for being exported repeatedly according to voltage sensor, it is as follows, right
Automotive throttle is controlled, so that the DC voltage stability of voltage sensor output is in X：
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is less than Y1, make automobile engine idle running, and cut off vehicle-mounted hair
The power supply of motor to electrical equipment is supplied；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than or equal to Y1 and is less than X, increase automotive throttle, to improve vapour
Car engine rotating speed；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is equal to X, automotive throttle is made to be maintained at current state；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than X and is less than or equal to Y2, reduce automotive throttle, to reduce vapour
Car engine rotating speed；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than Y2, make automobile engine idle running, and cut off vehicle-mounted hair
The power supply of motor to electrical equipment is supplied；
Wherein, Y1 indicates that lower voltage limit threshold values, Y2 indicate that upper limit voltage threshold values, D1 indicate mobile generator exchange output electricity
The lower limit of pressure, D2 indicate the upper limit of mobile generator ac output voltage.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control provided by the invention protects system, including the micro- places CPU
Manage device 1, isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2, voltage isolation module 3, operation panel 4, liquid crystal display 5；The liquid crystal display 5,
Operation panel 4, isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2 are respectively connected to the CPU microprocessor 1.
The mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection system further includes accessing the micro- places the CPU through operational amplifier 6
The voltage sensor 7 for managing device 1, the speed probe 9 of the CPU microprocessor 1 is accessed through photoelectrical coupler 8；The voltage every
It is respectively connected to voltage sensor 7, speed probe 9 from module 3；The CPU microprocessor 1 accesses automobile through isolated amplifier 10
ECU Throttle Opening Controls port 102；The CPU microprocessor 1 accesses automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port through digital output interface 101
102。
The CPU microprocessor 1 includes signal gathering unit 12, signal protection unit 13, recognition unit 15, arithmetic element
16, processing unit 17, amplifying unit 18, output unit 19；The signal sampling unit 14 is connect with the recognition unit 15, institute
It states recognition unit 15 and is separately connected the arithmetic element 16, the signal protection unit, the arithmetic element 16 and the processing
Unit 17 connects, and the processing unit 17 is connect with the output unit 19, amplifying unit 18 respectively, the signal gathering unit
12 connect with the processing unit 17.
Rotating speed of automobile engine that the signal sampling unit 14 samples, system voltage signal, protection location signal
It is sent to the recognition unit 15 of CPU microprocessor 1, identified unit 15 is handled after identifying by arithmetic element 16, carries out logical operation,
The data code that processing unit 17 can identify is formed, 17 pairs of signals carry out digital-to-analogue conversion through the processing unit, through amplifying unit 18
After amplification, liquid crystal display 5 and each executing agency are output control signals to through output unit 19.
Signal gathering unit 12 is acquired the operations function of operation panel 4, as long as certain behaviour on operation panel 4
There is high level signal as button, just the high level signal is sent in processing unit 17 and is handled, processing unit 17 is in advance
The function of setting and collected signal are handled, and output unit 19 is sent to.Output unit 19 is through processing unit 17, amplification
The signal of unit 18 is sent to liquid crystal display 5 and each executing agency.
Signal protection unit 13 is confirmed as after surpassing in system, owing the identified processing of unit 15 of signal by processing unit 17
After output voltage exception, sends out whole system and be in the instruction of suspend mode lock-out state, all equal nothings of button operation in addition to power switch
Effect, while super, under-voltage signal is sent to the display of liquid crystal display 5 " super, under-voltage protection " and is exported without throttle by output unit 19
Signal, automobile engine idle running realize super, under-voltage automatic protection and show alarm.
The signal sampling unit 14 includes speed probe 9, voltage sensor 7, wherein the speed probe is plug
This Hall sensor of pula, the voltage sensor are isolated pressure transmitter；The CPU microprocessor is
The macro base microcontrollers of stc12c5612AD.
The present invention is to utilize CPU programming techniques, and control algolithm is stored in by program source code mode inside CPU, is used
Hardware organically connects whole system, by button operation come caller, completes the mesh of automatic voltage stabilization and control protection
's.
Input power passes through isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2 and provides working power for CPU microprocessor 1, liquid crystal display 5；
Input power is that voltage sensor 7, speed probe 9 provide working power through overvoltage isolation module 3；Both input powers
Use eliminate various external interference to the full extent.
Speed probe 9 is mounted on power takeoff and is sent out with automobile using CYPRESS3013 Sai Pulasi Hall sensors
Above motor transmission shaft, the flange equipped with the strong magnetic of neodymium iron boron is fixed on transmission shaft, with speed probe relative position ＜ 3mm.
Hall sensor has waterproof and dustproof, shockproof dynamic characteristic, adapts to use under adverse circumstances.Speed probe 9 is characterized as：Electricity
Press DC24V, output low and high level pulse, three pulse signals of every turn of pickup, display precision ＜ 2 ‰ that it is aobvious to solve existing rotating speed
Show that the slow-speed of revolution in technology counts inaccurate, number and flashes disadvantage.Speed probe 9 after input signal sampling processing to exporting pulse
Signal is output to the ends INTO of CPU microprocessor 1,1 internal processes of CPU microprocessor are to signal operation through photoelectrical coupler 8
After processing, it is output to liquid crystal display 5, shows the real work rotating speed of generator.
Voltage sensor 7 uses isolated voltage transmitter, and the vehicle-mounted electricity generator system voltage signal sampled is through operation
Amplifier 6 is sent to the ends PIO/AIC0 of CPU microprocessor 1 with the emitter-base bandgap grading way of output, is effective filtered out in circuit design various dry
It disturbs, generator virtual voltage is supplied to accurate stable system.Voltage range：Input 250, output 5V, variation
0.2%, normal voltage output, precision 0.02 has corrosion-resistant, shatter-proof dynamic characteristic.
Super, under-voltage protection is the voltage signal collected by voltage sensor 7 as a result, through the special place of CPU microprocessor
After managing (such as judging voltage except 198V~240V), the instruction that is stopped is sent out, all buttons are sealed in addition to power supply open and close
Lock, output unit is blocked and output protection signal cut generator is to the output of load, engine idling operation, and is being shown
Show that screen display is alarmed.Protection is accurate, in time, reliably, is effectively protected system equipment and electrical equipment.
The present invention is provided with " manual ", " automatic " operation mode, only need to operate two buttons, you can easily cut
It changes." manual " button is clicked, (booting is defaulted as " automatic ") high level signal (5V electricity that isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2 exports
Key-press input end, button output termination integrating circuit are crimped, pressing back contact is connected) ends INT1 of CPU microprocessor 1 are sent to,
Internal processes are operated in manual mode to sending out manual command, whole system after signal processing, and " throttle+,-" button works,
Display screen shows rotating speed, system voltage, does not show normal voltage ".It requires to press pressure oil according to different voltages, rotating speed in a manual manner
Door+or-button.
" automatic " button is clicked, (the 5V voltages that isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2 exports are through key-press input for high level signal
End, button output termination integrating circuit, pressing back contact are connected) ends TO of CPU microprocessor 1 are sent to, internal processes are to signal
After processing, " automatic " instruction is sent out, and whole system is operated under " automatic " pattern.Under automatic mode, " throttle+,-" button is not
It works, and shows rotating speed, system voltage, normal voltage on a display screen.Under automatic mode, setting inside CPU microprocessor 1
Determine program and sends out series of instructions：System voltage and normal voltage (220V) are compared, precision 2% is compared, according to comparing
As a result, output throttle control signal, goes to change rotating speed of automobile engine, to change generator output voltage, this process
It is carried out always, it is ensured that system voltage is consistent with normal voltage, reaches and automatically controls purpose.
" manual ", " automatic " switching use no matter parallel input mode, signal in no particular order, work in what mode,
As long as there is high level signal to be sent out from " manual ", " automatic ", button, CPU microprocessor 1 is immediately performed the instruction sent out.It is dynamic
The theory of state setting substantially increases system operability, rapidity.
The present invention is provided with " simulation ", " number " output mode, and booting is defaulted as " simulating " output, digital when needing to export
When measuring signal, pressing " number " output can switch over." simulation " output adapts to and most of domestic engines in situ,
" number " output then adapts to external engine in situ, and the setting of the function key has greatly expanded mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing guarantor
The application range of protecting system.The worlds Shang Shu are pioneering.
The PWMO output ends of CPU microprocessor 1 are sent to the amplification of isolated amplifier 10 after LM358D emitter-base bandgap grading coupling amplifications
Output, the throttle control signal of output can match with the ECU throttles port of most of state IV EFI engine, output with it is entire
The throttle control signal that system is completely isolated, carrying load ability is strong, access automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port 102.It is sent out according to automobile
Characteristics of motivation and generator property require special designing.Digital signal output signal be：Three kinds of " 0 ", " 1 ", high resistant states.
More specifically, in preference, the processing unit 17 is protected including the mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control
Protection unit, the CPU microprocessor 1 are used for according to the DC voltage exported through 6 amplified voltage sensor of operational amplifier,
Automotive throttle is controlled by automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port 102.
Control mechanism is described in detail below.
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is equal to X, throttle control signal is made to be maintained at current value；Specifically,
When the ends CPU18 foot P10/ADCO input voltage is X, CPU17 feet P37/PWMO (pulsewidth modulation end, control simulation throttle signal
Output end) and CPU19 foot P11/ADC1, CPU20 feet P12/ADC2 (control digital throttle signal output end) unchanged electricity
Pressure, CPU1 feet P22 (power control cabinet control signal) is without control signal output, and throttle signal is stablized in current value, and output voltage is mark
Quasi- AC220V.
When the ends CPU18 foot P10/ADCO, input voltage is：More than or equal to Y1 and it is less than X, or more than X and is less than or equal to Y2
When, corresponding output end can change accordingly, and output throttle rises or throttle drop signal controls engine speed so that CPU18 feet
The ends P10/ADCO input voltage keeps consistent with X, to obtain a stable output voltage.
When the ends CPU18 foot P10/ADCO input voltage is ＜ Y1 or ＞ Y2, input terminal will be blocked, and CPU is corresponding defeated
Outlet exports " 0.2 " V, " high-impedance state " respectively so that engine idling operation, while CPU1 feet P22 output " 1 " high level letters
Number, generator is closed to the power supply of electrical equipment, effective protection whole system.
Wherein, the value of Y2, Y1 protects the threshold values of voltage, the corresponding units of storage to CPU microprocessor as upper and lower limit
It is interior.When making generator output voltage exceed the range of D1, D2 due to certain cause specific, Y1, Y2 value are also corresponding to exceed model
It enclosing, the simulation throttle signal voltage of the CPU18 feet P10/ADC0 inputs is blocked immediately, the CPU19 feet P11/ADC1,
CPU20 feet P12/ADC2 control digital throttle signals immediately become high-impedance state.The CPU17 feet P37/PWMO (pulsewidth modulations
End), control simulation throttle signal output end is 0.2V so that engine loses throttle control signal and enters idling mode and transport
Turn, while CPU1 feet P22 exports a control signal, cuts off main switching control in power control cabinet, closes generator and is output to load
Voltage (system control cpu voltage is derived from main switching control upper end), be effectively protected automobile engine, generator and electricity consumption
Load.
In a preference, the ports CPU18 feet P10/ADCO, by programming mode calculated X (4.4V),
Y1 (3.96V), Y2 (4.84V) are written inside CPU, form a series of digital codings by AD conversion and store and arrive voltage comparator
Unit is compared as standard comparing voltage, bound protection voltage with the signal that outside is sent.Work as automobile engine starting
Afterwards, into idle running pattern (600r/min or so), simulation throttle signal is 0.2V, digital throttle signal is high-impedance state.It beats
Power take-off valve is opened, generator is started to work, and system is in " automatic " working condition, and user selects engine models by button
Formula：Domestic engine in situ throttle control signal be 0~4.7V, import engine in situ throttle control signal be " 1 " throttle liter,
" 0 " throttle drops, high-impedance state；Idling.
Simulate throttle signal pattern：Voltage sensor detects generator output voltage and is compared with normal voltage,
(at this moment sensor output voltage with benchmark voltage X), inside CPU by comparing, calculate, a series of places of the units such as processing
It sets, a continuous voltage change signal is exported by CPU17 feet P37/PWMO, according to the dynamic characteristic of engine, warp
It crosses and proves repeatedly, make voltage change ratio 0.3V/s, and engine voltage often changes 1V, rotating speed 400~500r of respective change,
Such output signal makes engine reach 2V from idling 600r/min, 0.2V and correspond to rotating speed about 1500r/min, (this mistake
Journey is automatically performed) about 6s more times are only needed during this (this is the time that idling mode reaches rated speed).With throttle
The consecutive variations of control voltage finally make voltage sensor output voltage and P37-X (4.4V) unanimously, at this time CPU18 feet P10/
ADCO stops voltage change, and steady lock is in current value, thus engine output voltage stabilization is at U (220V).It can according to Fig. 4
Know, this is a closed-loop system, and voltage relatively carries out always, can be obtained by a stable voltage value in output end.
Digital throttle signal mode：When user selects engine type by button：Figure pattern.Voltage comparison signal
It is consistent with above-mentioned, CPU19 feet P11/ADC1 exports " 1 " high level signal at this time, due to Foreign Engine accelerating ability pole
It is good, after Engine ECU Throttle Opening Control port adds signal, it is equivalent to the effect of foot throttle, reaches volume from idling mode
The time for determining rotating speed is less than 3s, and principle of stabilized voltage is same as above.
Over voltage protected mode：When in use since certain X factor makes the CPU18 feet P11/
ADC0, end input voltage ＞ Y2, ＜ Y1 when (corresponding generator output exchange D2, D1) above or below setting value when, CPU
Input terminal is blocked at once, and it is 0.2V, CPU19 foot P11/ADC1, CPU20 foot to order CPU17 foot P37/PWMO output voltages
P12/ADC2 is high-impedance state, while the P22 outputs of CPU1 feet control signal.So that engine operates under idling mode, cuts off hair
Electric control cabinet exports, and is effectively protected since system over voltage is to automobile engine, mobile generator and electrical equipment
Damage.
The DAC0 input terminals of CPU microprocessor 1 by analog voltage signal, compare base after LM358D emitter-base bandgap grading coupling amplifications
Quasi- voltage, ultra under-pressure voltage signal at computer code and are stored by CPU internal conversions.By comparing above-mentioned each voltage
After relatively, the throttle port that corresponding control signal goes driving Engine ECU is exported.To reach the output voltage for utilizing generator
Go the purpose of control engine peed stable output voltage.
CPU17 feet P37/PWMO exports a continuous voltage change signal and is sent to height after LM358D emitter-base bandgap grading coupling amplifications
Isolated amplifier carries out signal, and filtering, shaping, amplification are sent to the throttle port of Engine ECU, reach and utilize generator
Output voltage goes the purpose of control engine peed stable output voltage.The use of high isolation amplifier improves Throttle Opening Control letter
Number with the Qu Peixing of throttle port, the throttle control signal of high-quality of Engine ECU control of engine speed more may be used
It leans on.(being the big technological innovation of the present invention)
DAC01, DAC02 output end of CPU microprocessor 1 drive miniature relay output digit signals through VOS pipes respectively
" 1 ", " 0 ", " high-impedance state " are sent to the throttle port of Engine ECU, reach and remove control engine using the output voltage of generator
The purpose of stabilization of speed output voltage.
The P22 of CPU microprocessor 1 one high-level control signal of output when output is super, under-voltage is driven by Darlington transistor
Dynamic intermediate relay, controls the main switching control in power control cabinet, and cut-out generator reaches super, under-voltage automatic guarantor to load power source
The purpose of shield.
One skilled in the art will appreciate that in addition to realizing device provided by the invention in a manner of pure computer readable program code
And its other than each sub-device, completely can by by method and step carry out programming in logic come so that device provided by the invention and
Its each sub-device is with logic gate, switch, application-specific integrated circuit, programmable logic controller (PLC) and embedded microcontroller etc.
Form realizes identical function.So device provided by the invention and its every sub-device are considered a kind of Hardware Subdivision
Part, and the structure that the device for realizing various functions for including in it can also be considered as in hardware component；It can also will use
It is considered as either the software module of implementation method can be the structure in hardware component again in the device of realization various functions.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or change within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring the substantive content of the present invention.In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can arbitrary phase
Mutually combination.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control guard method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Benchmark voltage obtaining step：Obtain the benchmark voltage of voltage sensor, wherein voltage sensor detection is vehicle-mounted
The ac output voltage of generator；
Wherein：
X expressions are when the ac output voltage of mobile generator is normal voltage, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output；
B expressions are under the maximum input voltage of voltage sensor, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output；
U indicates standard AC voltage；
A indicates the highest input ac voltage of voltage sensor；
Using X as the benchmark voltage；
Automotive throttle rate-determining steps：According to the DC voltage that voltage sensor exports, as follows, automotive throttle is carried out
Control：
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is less than Y1, make automobile engine idle running, and cut off mobile generator
Power supply to electrical equipment is supplied；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than or equal to Y1 and is less than X, increase automotive throttle, to improve automobile hair
Motivation rotating speed；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is equal to X, automotive throttle is made to be maintained at current state；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than X and is less than or equal to Y2, reduce automotive throttle, to reduce automobile hair
Motivation rotating speed；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than Y2, make automobile engine idle running, and cut off mobile generator
Power supply to electrical equipment is supplied；
Wherein, Y1 indicates that lower voltage limit threshold values, Y2 indicate that upper limit voltage threshold values, D1 indicate mobile generator ac output voltage
Lower limit, D2 indicate the upper limit of mobile generator ac output voltage；
Step 2 is repeatedly executed at predetermined intervals, so that the DC voltage stability of voltage sensor output is in X.
2. a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protective device, which is characterized in that including following device：
Benchmark voltage acquisition device：Benchmark voltage for obtaining voltage sensor, wherein voltage sensor detects
The ac output voltage of mobile generator；
Wherein：
X expressions are when the ac output voltage of mobile generator is normal voltage, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output；
B expressions are under the maximum input voltage of voltage sensor, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output；
U indicates standard AC voltage；
A indicates the highest input ac voltage of voltage sensor；
Using X as the benchmark voltage；
Control device for automobile accelerator：DC voltage for being exported repeatedly according to voltage sensor, as follows, to automobile
Throttle is controlled, so that the DC voltage stability of voltage sensor output is in X：
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is less than Y1, make automobile engine idle running, and cut off mobile generator
Power supply to electrical equipment is supplied；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than or equal to Y1 and is less than X, increase automotive throttle, to improve automobile hair
Motivation rotating speed；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is equal to X, automotive throttle is made to be maintained at current state；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than X and is less than or equal to Y2, reduce automotive throttle, to reduce automobile hair
Motivation rotating speed；
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is more than Y2, make automobile engine idle running, and cut off mobile generator
Power supply to electrical equipment is supplied；
Wherein, Y1 indicates that lower voltage limit threshold values, Y2 indicate that upper limit voltage threshold values, D1 indicate mobile generator ac output voltage
Lower limit, D2 indicate the upper limit of mobile generator ac output voltage.
3. a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protects system, which is characterized in that including CPU microprocessor (1), power supply every
It is passed from Voltage stabilizing module (2), voltage isolation module (3), operation panel (4), liquid crystal display (5), operational amplifier (6), voltage
Sensor (7), photoelectrical coupler (8), speed probe (9), automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port (102)；The liquid crystal display
(5), operation panel (4), isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module (2) are respectively connected to the CPU microprocessor (1)；
The mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protects system, further includes accessing the CPU microprocessors through operational amplifier (6)
The voltage sensor (7) of device (1) accesses the speed probe (9) of the CPU microprocessor (1) through photoelectrical coupler (8)；Institute
It states voltage isolation module (3) and is respectively connected to voltage sensor (7), speed probe (9)；Voltage sensor (7) detects vehicle-mounted hair
The ac output voltage of motor；Speed probe (9) detects the rotating speed of automobile engine；The CPU microprocessor (1) accesses vapour
Vehicle ECU Throttle Opening Controls port (102)；
The CPU microprocessor (1) is used for according to through operational amplifier（ 6）The direct current of amplified voltage sensor output
Pressure, controls automotive throttle by automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port (102)；The CPU microprocessor (1) includes right
It is required that the mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protective device described in 2.
4. mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control according to claim 3 protects system, which is characterized in that the CPU is micro-
Processor (1) includes signal gathering unit (12), recognition unit (15), arithmetic element (16), processing unit (17), output unit
(19)；
Voltage sensor (7), speed probe (9) access the recognition unit (15), and the recognition unit (15) is separately connected
The arithmetic element (16), the signal protection unit (13), the arithmetic element (16), the arithmetic element (16) with it is described
Processing unit (17) connects, and the processing unit (17) connect with the output unit (19), amplifying unit (18) respectively, described
Signal gathering unit (12) is connect with the processing unit (17)；
Transducing signal is sent to recognition unit (15), identified unit (15) identification by voltage sensor (7), speed probe (9)
It is handled afterwards by arithmetic element (16), carries out logical operation, form the data code that processing unit (17) can identify, it is single by handling
First (17) carry out digital-to-analogue conversion to signal, and control signal is exported to liquid crystal display (5) and automobile by output unit (19)
ECU Throttle Opening Controls port；
The processing unit (17) includes the mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protective device described in claim 2.
5. mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control according to claim 3 protects system, which is characterized in that the CPU is micro-
Processor (1) further includes signal protection unit (13)；
The signal gathering unit (12) will acquire from the operational order of operation panel (4) and be sent to processing unit (17), handle
Unit exports control signal according to operational order and gives automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port；
It is single by processing after superpressure signal, the identified unit of under-voltage signal (15) of signal protection unit (13) acquisition are handled
After first (17) are confirmed as output voltage exception, the mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection system is made to be switched to suspend mode locking
State, under suspend mode lock-out state, all button operations are invalid in addition to power switch, and processing unit (17) is also single by exporting
Superpressure signal, under-voltage signal are sent to liquid crystal display (5) by first (19), and liquid crystal display (5) shows super, under-voltage protection information,
And processing unit (17) controls automobile engine idle running, realizes super, under-voltage automatic protection and shows alarm, cuts simultaneously
The output of disconnected mobile generator extremely load.
6. mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control according to claim 3 protects system, which is characterized in that further include input
Power supply；Input power is CPU microprocessor (1), liquid crystal display (5) offer work electricity by isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module (2)
Source；Input power is voltage sensor (7), speed probe (9) offer working power through overvoltage isolation module (3)；
The speed probe is CYPRESS3013 Sai Pulasi Hall sensors, and the voltage sensor is isolated pressure
Transmitter, the CPU microprocessor (1) are the macro base microcontrollers of stc12c5612AD；
Speed probe (9) is mounted on power takeoff with above automobile current generator transmission shaft, and the flange equipped with the strong magnetic of neodymium iron boron is fixed
On transmission shaft, flange and speed probe (9) relative position ＜ 3mm；CPU microprocessor is exported according to speed probe (9)
Transducing signal generate rotary speed information, and pass through liquid crystal display (5) and show the rotary speed information.
7. mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control according to claim 3 protects system, which is characterized in that mobile generator
It includes manual operation mode that automatic voltage stabilization and control, which protects the operation mode of system,；In the manual operating mode, the CPU microprocessors
The throttle operation instruction that device (1) is acquired according to operation panel controls automotive throttle.
8. mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control according to claim 3 protects system, which is characterized in that the throttle of output
Control signal, for adapt to analog voltage signal automobile chassis analog signal, or to be adapted to the vapour of Digital Signals
The digital signal of chassis.
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| CN106357179B (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2019-06-07 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | A kind of power takeoff generator starting monitoring device and method |
| CN107472171A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-12-15 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Power supply management device, method and vehicle |
| CN109291914B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2020-06-30 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Voltage protection method of hybrid electric vehicle |
| CN107696999A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-02-16 | 南京瑞贻电子科技有限公司 | A kind of automobile and mobile unit driving shares throttle control system and monitoring and managing method |
| CN107666177A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-06 | 珠海银隆电器有限公司 | Power supply switch circuit, electric boosting steering system and new-energy automobile |
| CN112019106B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2022-04-12 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Excitation control method for generator of diesel multiple unit |
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