CN105667429A - Automatic voltage stabilization control and protection method, device and system for vehicle-mounted generator - Google Patents
Automatic voltage stabilization control and protection method, device and system for vehicle-mounted generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN105667429A CN105667429A CN201610021747.4A CN201610021747A CN105667429A CN 105667429 A CN105667429 A CN 105667429A CN 201610021747 A CN201610021747 A CN 201610021747A CN 105667429 A CN105667429 A CN 105667429A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric generators; for synchronous capacitors
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic voltage stabilization control and protection method, device and system for a vehicle-mounted generator. Comparative reference voltage of a voltage sensor is obtained; and according to direct current voltage output by the voltage sensor, the direct current voltage output by the voltage sensor is stabilized at the comparative reference voltage. According to the automatic voltage stabilization control and protection system for the vehicle-mounted generator, the automatic voltage stabilization value is accurate, the voltage stabilization time is short, output voltage of the vehicle-mounted generator can be monitored automatically, and thus a vehicle engine is made to operate in an idling mode and meanwhile the output of the generator to a load is cut off. The output voltage of the vehicle-mounted generator is controlled by changing the rotating speed of the vehicle engine, the voltage sensor is used for controlling the rotating speed of the vehicle engine, and therefore the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted generator is automatically controlled to be at rated voltage and super-undervoltage automatic protection is achieved. Both analog signals and digital accelerograph control signals can be output, nearly all chassis of vehicles with electronic fuel injection engines are covered, operation is simple, and usage is convenient and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle-mounted electricity generator system, particularly a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control guard method, Apparatus and system.
Background technology
Mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing controls and surpasses, under-voltage automatic protection is fully paid attention to by industry in recent years; how to guarantee that electromotor and electrical equipment are in time, correctly, come into operation safely in operation; receive much concern widely, but this technical field is still that blank.
Need in practical usage situations due to mobile generator to solve two large problems: one is that power wants big (generally wanting more than 30 kilowatts), and two is that volume is little. And the two problem conflict exactly, the power of high-power generator is diesel engine, and the volume ratio generator group of diesel engine is bulky many, and actually used person is to sacrifice space limited in car for cost. (interior space is of great value, and it needs the equipment of some function of installation)
Current commonly used method mode has been occurred as soon as: utilize the pattern of the electromotor of automobile (diesel oil substitute machine) drive electrical generators group own for solving the problems referred to above. Namely solve space problem, reduce again cost. The use of this method mode so that many special vehicles (such as Lighting tower fire vehicle, disaster unit, air servicer) output is bigger, and function is more perfect. But encounter insurmountable technical problem in actual use, rated speed 1300r/min～the 1500r/min of general Electricity Generation unit, stable voltage is exported under rated speed, and automobile engine just has optimum output power under certain rotating speed, this rotating speed is typically between 1900r/min～2300r/min, and the speed ratio connecting the power takeoff between automobile engine and electromotor is speedup (still without the power takeoff of suitable speed reducing ratio in currently available technology). So in use having resulted in great contradiction: on the one hand, needed electromotor to provide stable voltage to export by electric loading, and on the other hand, automobile engine can only operate in the half of rated speed, the output of its power only has specified about 1/2. So in use occur as soon as following point: after automobile engine starting, regulating its rotating speed makes generator output voltage be rated voltage, (it mostly is inductive load) after opening load, owing to load starting current is very big, need to ask for more power to electromotor, but the power that automobile engine now provides can not meet the needs of electromotor so that engine speed declines, and causes generator output voltage to decline. This is a vicious cycle; its result: one be overflow means protection cut off load, two be overcurrent protection could not act in time so that electromotor stall, three be the most serious meeting cause engine misses; the phenomenon of this " the motionless dolly of big horse traction ", it is simply that the common fault of current vehicle set generator. Current solution is adjustment engine speed opening load while, after load has started, then regulates rotating speed and makes output voltage in rated range. Not only this method of manual adjustment loaded down with trivial details but also dangerous, careless slightly, will result in serious consequence. Additionally select more powerful automobile chassis (causing the huge waste of resource) exactly.
Current Engine Exhaust Emission standard is state 4, state 5, all adopt high pressure for rail BBG, accelerator mode control is no longer that mechanical type spring pulls adjustment, but employing electronic throttle, control engine speed, the traditional approach regulating throttle be not suitable for, and the present invention fundamentally solves Throttle Opening Control problem.
Through retrieval, it has been found that patent documentation (application number: 201510014372.4; Publication number: CN104625335A) disclose speed control system and the method for a kind of engine-driven electromotor, it changes engine speed according to the operational factor of demand detected in electromotor and/or electric welding machine. Such as, described engine speed can promote according to the operational factor of load detected in electromotor and/or described electric welding machine. If it addition, be not detected by demand within a period of time, described engine speed can be automatically lowered to non-standard idle speed or described electromotor can automatic shutdown. If additionally, only detect the demand not being subject to frequency influence in electromotor, described engine speed may promote.
This patent documentation be a kind of commonly use at present vapour, diesel generating set improvement, it utilizes one " engine controller " to remove the rotating speed realizing controlling the power source (internal combustion engine) of electromotor, it it is the device of a kind of with power source use scope having widened generating set, actually used scope is only small, can be used only in the limited duty within electric welding machine, still fall within the category of general generating set.
And the key issue that the invention solves the problems that is: how to control the output voltage of the passive delivery electromotor driven by automobile engine, and have perfect protection device.
The key technology of the present invention is: utilize voltage sensor sampling vehicle set generator output end voltage; by CPU internal processes; export one and automobile engine ECU (ElectronicControlUnit; electronic control unit) throttle control signal that matches; thus automatically controlling the rotating speed of mobile generator; and then make mobile generator obtain stable rotating speed, export a stable voltage (not by load effect), and expand every control defencive function.
Compared with this patent documentation, the present invention has following improvement and technical advantage:
(1) due to the electromotor that mobile generator is passive delivery, therefore save the inner space of automobile, equip more apparatuses for special vehicle and provide conveniently.
(2) energy-conserving and environment-protective requirement is met, the present invention adopts automobile engine, therefore the discharge of electromotor can meet state 4 or state 5 discharge standard, and the diesel source (internal combustion engine) of the Electricity Generation unit that this patent documentation adopts also does not reach above discharge standard.
(3) reduce expenses, make full use of the resources advantage of automobile engine own, eliminate huge diesel engine, constitute energy-efficient mobile generator, the present invention uses scope wide, adapt to all kinds of load, the fields such as fire-fighting rescue, film shooting, portable lighting, power supply can be commonly used in.
Summary of the invention
For defect of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection system.
According to a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control guard method provided by the invention, comprise the steps:
Benchmark voltage obtaining step: obtain the benchmark voltage of voltage sensor, wherein, the ac output voltage of voltage sensor senses mobile generator;
Wherein:
X represents when the ac output voltage of mobile generator is normal voltage, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output;
B represents under the maximum input voltage of voltage sensor, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output;
U represents standard AC voltage;
A represents the highest input ac voltage of voltage sensor;
Using X as described benchmark voltage;
Gas rate-determining steps: the DC voltage according to voltage sensor output, as follows, is controlled gas:
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output less than Y1, then makes automobile engine idle running, and cuts off the mobile generator power supply supply to electrical equipment;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output be more than or equal to Y1 and less than X, then increases gas, to improve rotating speed of automobile engine;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output equal to X, then makes gas be maintained at current state;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output more than X and less than or equal to Y2, then reduces gas, to reduce rotating speed of automobile engine;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output more than Y2, then makes automobile engine idle running, and cuts off the mobile generator power supply supply to electrical equipment;
Wherein, Y1 represents lower voltage limit threshold values, and Y2 represents upper voltage limit threshold values, and D1 represents the lower limit of mobile generator ac output voltage, and D2 represents the upper limit of mobile generator ac output voltage;
Step 2 is repeatedly executed at predetermined intervals, so that the DC voltage stability of voltage sensor output is at X.
According to a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection device provided by the invention, including following device:
Benchmark voltage acquisition apparatus: for obtaining the benchmark voltage of voltage sensor, wherein, the ac output voltage of voltage sensor senses mobile generator;
Wherein:
X represents when the ac output voltage of mobile generator is normal voltage, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output;
B represents under the maximum input voltage of voltage sensor, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output;
U represents standard AC voltage;
A represents the highest input ac voltage of voltage sensor;
Using X as described benchmark voltage;
Control device for automobile accelerator: for the DC voltage repeatedly exported according to voltage sensor, as follows, gas is controlled, so that the DC voltage stability of voltage sensor output is at X:
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output less than Y1, then makes automobile engine idle running, and cuts off the mobile generator power supply supply to electrical equipment;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output be more than or equal to Y1 and less than X, then increases gas, to improve rotating speed of automobile engine;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output equal to X, then makes gas be maintained at current state;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output more than X and less than or equal to Y2, then reduces gas, to reduce rotating speed of automobile engine;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output more than Y2, then makes automobile engine idle running, and cuts off the mobile generator power supply supply to electrical equipment;
Wherein, Y1 represents lower voltage limit threshold values, and Y2 represents upper voltage limit threshold values, and D1 represents the lower limit of mobile generator ac output voltage, and D2 represents the upper limit of mobile generator ac output voltage.
According to a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection system provided by the invention, including CPU microprocessor 1, isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2, voltage isolation module 3, guidance panel 4, liquid crystal display 5, operational amplifier 6, voltage sensor 7, photoelectrical coupler 8, speed probe 9, automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port 102; Described liquid crystal display 5, guidance panel 4, isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2 are respectively connected to described CPU microprocessor 1;
Described mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection system, also includes the voltage sensor 7 accessing described CPU microprocessor 1 through operational amplifier 6, accesses the speed probe 9 of described CPU microprocessor 1 through photoelectrical coupler 8; Described voltage isolation module 3 is respectively connected to voltage sensor 7, speed probe 9; Voltage sensor 7 detects the ac output voltage of mobile generator; Speed probe 9 detects the rotating speed of automobile engine; Described CPU microprocessor 1 accesses automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port 102;
Gas, for the DC voltage according to the voltage sensor output after operational amplifier 6 amplifies, is controlled by described CPU microprocessor 1 by automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port 102.
Preferably, described CPU microprocessor 1 includes the mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection device described in claim 2.
Preferably, described CPU microprocessor 1 includes signal gathering unit 12, recognition unit 15, arithmetic element 16, processing unit 17, output unit 19;
Voltage sensor 7, speed probe 9 access described recognition unit 15, described recognition unit 15 connects described arithmetic element 16, described signal protection unit 13, described arithmetic element 16 respectively, described arithmetic element 16 is connected with described processing unit 17, described processing unit 17 is connected with described output unit 19, amplifying unit 18 respectively, and described signal gathering unit 12 is connected with described processing unit 17;
Voltage sensor 7,9 transducing signals of speed probe deliver to recognition unit 15, identified unit 15 is processed by arithmetic element 16 after identifying, carry out logical operations, form the data code that processing unit 17 can recognise that, by processing unit 17, signal is carried out digital-to-analogue conversion, export to liquid crystal display 5 and automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port by 19 control signals of output unit;
Described processing unit 17 includes the mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection device described in claim 2.
Preferably, described CPU microprocessor 1 also includes signal gathering unit 12 and/or signal protection unit 13;
The operational order gathered from guidance panel 4 is sent to processing unit 17 by described signal gathering unit 12, and processing unit exports control signal to automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port according to operational order;
The superpressure signal that described signal protection unit 13 gathers, after the identified unit 15 of under-voltage signal processes, after being confirmed as output voltage exception by processing unit 17, described mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection system is made to be switched to dormancy lock-out state, under dormancy lock-out state, except on and off switch, all button operations are all invalid, processing unit 17 is also by 19 superpressure signals of output unit, under-voltage signal delivers to LCDs 5, LCDs 5 display is super, under-voltage protection information, and processing unit 17 controls automobile engine idle running, achieve super, under-voltage automatic protection display alarm, cut off the mobile generator output to load simultaneously.
Preferably, input power is also included; Input power through isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2 be CPU microprocessor 1, liquid crystal display 5 working power is provided; Input power through overvoltage isolation module 3 be voltage sensor 7, speed probe 9 working power is provided;
Described speed probe is CYPRESS3013 Sai Pulasi Hall element, and described voltage sensor is isolated pressure transmitter, and described CPU microprocessor 1 is the grand base single-chip microcomputer of stc12c5612AD;
Speed probe 9 is arranged on above power takeoff and automobile current generator power transmission shaft, and the flange equipped with the strong magnetic of neodymium iron boron is fixed on power transmission shaft, flange and speed probe 9 relative position < 3mm; CPU microprocessor generates rotary speed information according to the transducing signal that speed probe 9 exports, and shows described rotary speed information by liquid crystal display 5.
Preferably, the operator scheme of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection system includes manual operation mode; In the manual operating mode, gas is controlled by described CPU microprocessor 1 according to the throttle operation instruction of guidance panel collection.
Preferably, the throttle control signal of output, for adapting to the analogue signal of the automobile chassis of analog voltage signal, or for being adapted to the digital signal of the automobile chassis of Digital Signals.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, in the present invention; according to mobile generator rotation speed requirements and automobile engine characteristics curve; exporting one can completely mate with automobile engine ECU Throttle Opening Control end, adapt to again the electromotor control signal to tach signal requirement, this control signal is the most important design concept of the present invention, is realize fully automatic pressure-stabilizing to control the core technology of protection.
2, the present invention is that a kind of automatic voltage regulation numerical value is accurate, voltage stabling control is short; and can automatically monitor mobile generator output voltage, and under super, undervoltage condition automatically protection make automobile engine operate under idling mode and simultaneously cut-out electromotor to a kind of mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing protection system of the output of load.
3, the present invention removes to control the output voltage of mobile generator by changing rotating speed of automobile engine; go to control rotating speed of automobile engine with voltage sensor; the output voltage achieving mobile generator is controlled automatically under rated voltage; and ultra under-pressure protects automatically; fundamentally change mobile generator manual adjustments voltage, not super, under-voltage protection throttle adjustment is difficult, existing many disadvantages.
4, Control of Voltage precision of the present invention is high, the time is short, ultra under-pressure is protected rapidly, is easily installed, and need not debug, simple to operate, easy to use and reliable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reading detailed description non-limiting example made with reference to the following drawings, the other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is a kind of mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing Control protection system theory diagram provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing Control protection system provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart that a kind of mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing provided by the invention controls guard method;
Fig. 4 is the circuit structure control flow block diagram of the CPU microprocessor of a kind of mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing Control protection system of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail. Following example will assist in those skilled in the art and are further appreciated by the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be pointed out that, to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some changes and improvements. These broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.
According to a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control guard method provided by the invention, comprise the steps:
Benchmark voltage obtaining step: obtain the benchmark voltage of voltage sensor, wherein, the ac output voltage of voltage sensor senses mobile generator;
Wherein:
X represents when the ac output voltage of mobile generator is normal voltage, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output;
B represents under the maximum input voltage of voltage sensor, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output;
U represents standard AC voltage;
A represents the highest input ac voltage of voltage sensor;
Using X as described benchmark voltage;
Wherein, B, A, U are known quantity.
Gas rate-determining steps: the DC voltage according to voltage sensor output, as follows, is controlled gas:
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output less than Y1, then makes automobile engine idle running, and cuts off the mobile generator power supply supply to electrical equipment;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output be more than or equal to Y1 and less than X, then increases gas, to improve rotating speed of automobile engine;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output equal to X, then makes gas be maintained at current state;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output more than X and less than or equal to Y2, then reduces gas, to reduce rotating speed of automobile engine;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output more than Y2, then makes automobile engine idle running, and cuts off the mobile generator power supply supply to electrical equipment;
Wherein, Y1 represents lower voltage limit threshold values, and Y2 represents upper voltage limit threshold values, and D1 represents the lower limit of mobile generator ac output voltage, and D2 represents the upper limit of mobile generator ac output voltage;
Step 2 is repeatedly executed at predetermined intervals, so that the DC voltage stability of voltage sensor output is at X.
The present invention utilizes mobile generator output end voltage, obtains throttle control signal, thus going to regulate output voltage. Signal that CPU microprocessor exports according to voltage sensor is continual to carry out sampling and compares, and output throttle control signal regulates automobile current generator rotating speed, thus reaching a stable output voltage, Fig. 3 is shown in by control principle block diagram.
With described mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control guard method accordingly, according to a kind of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection device provided by the invention, including following device:
Benchmark voltage acquisition apparatus: for obtaining the benchmark voltage of voltage sensor, wherein, the ac output voltage of voltage sensor senses mobile generator;
Wherein:
X represents when the ac output voltage of mobile generator is normal voltage, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output;
B represents under the maximum input voltage of voltage sensor, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output;
U represents standard AC voltage;
A represents the highest input ac voltage of voltage sensor;
Using X as described benchmark voltage;
Control device for automobile accelerator: for the DC voltage repeatedly exported according to voltage sensor, as follows, gas is controlled, so that the DC voltage stability of voltage sensor output is at X:
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output less than Y1, then makes automobile engine idle running, and cuts off the mobile generator power supply supply to electrical equipment;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output be more than or equal to Y1 and less than X, then increases gas, to improve rotating speed of automobile engine;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output equal to X, then makes gas be maintained at current state;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output more than X and less than or equal to Y2, then reduces gas, to reduce rotating speed of automobile engine;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output more than Y2, then makes automobile engine idle running, and cuts off the mobile generator power supply supply to electrical equipment;
Wherein, Y1 represents lower voltage limit threshold values, and Y2 represents upper voltage limit threshold values, and D1 represents the lower limit of mobile generator ac output voltage, and D2 represents the upper limit of mobile generator ac output voltage.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control provided by the invention protection system, including CPU microprocessor 1, isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2, voltage isolation module 3, guidance panel 4, liquid crystal display 5; Described liquid crystal display 5, guidance panel 4, isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2 are respectively connected to described CPU microprocessor 1.
Described mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection system also includes the voltage sensor 7 accessing described CPU microprocessor 1 through operational amplifier 6, accesses the speed probe 9 of described CPU microprocessor 1 through photoelectrical coupler 8; Described voltage isolation module 3 is respectively connected to voltage sensor 7, speed probe 9; Described CPU microprocessor 1 accesses automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port 102 through isolated amplifier 10; Described CPU microprocessor 1 accesses automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port 102 through digital output interface 101.
Described CPU microprocessor 1 includes signal gathering unit 12, signal protection unit 13, recognition unit 15, arithmetic element 16, processing unit 17, amplifying unit 18, output unit 19; Described signal sampling unit 14 is connected with described recognition unit 15; described recognition unit 15 connects described arithmetic element 16, described signal protection unit respectively; described arithmetic element 16 is connected with described processing unit 17; described processing unit 17 is connected with described output unit 19, amplifying unit 18 respectively, and described signal gathering unit 12 is connected with described processing unit 17.
Rotating speed of automobile engine that described signal sampling unit 14 samples, system voltage signal, protected location signal deliver to the recognition unit 15 of CPU microprocessor 1; identified unit 15 is processed by arithmetic element 16 after identifying; carry out logical operations; form the data code that processing unit 17 can recognise that; by processing unit 17, signal is carried out digital-to-analogue conversion; amplified unit 18 outputs control signals to LCDs 5 and each actuator after amplifying through output unit 19.
The operations function of 12 guidance panels 4 of signal gathering unit is acquired, as long as certain the operation button on guidance panel 4 has high level signal, just this high level signal is delivered in processing unit 17 and process, 17 functions set in advance of processing unit and the signal collected process, and deliver to output unit 19. The treated unit 17 of output unit 19, amplifying unit 18 signal deliver to LCDs 5 and each actuator.
After in 13 systems of signal protection unit, super, the deficient identified unit 15 of signal processes; after being confirmed as output voltage exception by processing unit 17; send whole system and be in dormancy lock-out state instruction; except on and off switch, all button operations are all invalid; output unit 19 surpasses simultaneously, under-voltage signal is delivered to LCDs 5 and shown " super, under-voltage protection " and export signal without throttle; automobile engine idle running, it is achieved that super, under-voltage automatic protection display alarm.
Described signal sampling unit 14 includes speed probe 9, voltage sensor 7, and wherein, described speed probe is Sai Pulasi Hall element, and described voltage sensor is isolated pressure transmitter; Described CPU microprocessor is the grand base single-chip microcomputer of stc12c5612AD.
The present invention utilizes CPU programming technique, is stored in inside CPU by control algolithm by program source code mode, with hardware, whole system is organically coupled together, carrys out caller by button operation, completes the purpose of automatic voltage stabilization and control protection.
Input power through isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2 be CPU microprocessor 1, liquid crystal display 5 working power is provided; Input power through overvoltage isolation module 3 be voltage sensor 7, speed probe 9 working power is provided; The use of both input powers eliminates various external interference to the full extent.
What speed probe 9 adopted is CYPRESS3013 Sai Pulasi Hall element, it is arranged on above power takeoff and automobile current generator power transmission shaft, flange equipped with the strong magnetic of neodymium iron boron is fixed on power transmission shaft, with speed probe relative position < 3mm. Hall element has waterproof and dustproof, against shock characteristic, adapts to use under adverse circumstances. The feature of speed probe 9 is: voltage DC24V, output low and high level pulse, three pulse signals of every turn of pickup, display precision < 2 ‰, solves that the counting of the slow-speed of revolution in existing rotating speed Display Technique is inaccurate, numeral flashes disadvantage. Speed probe 9 is to output pulse signal after input signal sampling process, through photoelectrical coupler 8, output is to the INTO end of CPU microprocessor 1, after signal operation is processed by CPU microprocessor 1 internal processes, liquid crystal display 5 is arrived in output, it is shown that the real work rotating speed of electromotor.
Voltage sensor 7 adopts isolated voltage transmitter, the vehicle-mounted electricity generator system voltage signal sampled sends to the PIO/AIC0 end of CPU microprocessor 1 through operational amplifier 6 with the emitter-base bandgap grading way of output, circuit design effective filters out various interference, electromotor virtual voltage is supplied to system accurate stable. Voltage range: input 250, output 5V, variation 0.2%, normal voltage exports, and precision 0.02, has corrosion-resistant, vibration resistance characteristic.
Super, under-voltage protection is the voltage signal result collected by voltage sensor 7; after CPU microprocessor special handling (such as judging that voltage is outside 198V～240V); send the instruction that quits work; except power supply open and close, all buttons are blocked; output unit is blocked and output protection signal cut electromotor is to the output of load; engine idling operation, and display alarm on a display screen. Protection accurately, in time, reliably, is effectively protected system equipment and electrical equipment.
The present invention is provided with " manually ", " automatically " operator scheme, only need to operate two buttons, can be conveniently carried out switching. Click " manually " button, (the 5V voltage of isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2 output connects key-press input end to (start is defaulted as " automatically ") high level signal, button output termination integrating circuit, pressing back contact is connected) deliver to the INT1 end of CPU microprocessor 1, internal processes is to sending manual command after signal processing, whole system is operated in manual mode, and " throttle+,-" button works, and display screen display rotating speed, system voltage, does not show normal voltage ". Throttle pressure port+or-button is pressed in a manual manner according to different voltages, rotation speed requirements.
Click " automatically " button, (the 5V voltage of isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module 2 output is through key-press input end for high level signal, button output termination integrating circuit, pressing back contact is connected) deliver to the TO end of CPU microprocessor 1, internal processes is to after signal processing, sending " automatically " instruction, whole system is operated under " automatically " pattern. Under automatic mode, " throttle+,-" button is inoperative, and shows rotating speed, system voltage, normal voltage on a display screen. Under automatic mode, setting program within CPU microprocessor 1 sends a series of instruction: system voltage and normal voltage (220V) are compared, relatively precision 2%, according to comparative result, output throttle control signal, goes to change rotating speed of automobile engine, thus changing generator output voltage, this process carries out all the time, it is ensured that system voltage is consistent with normal voltage, reach to automatically control purpose.
" manually ", " automatically " switching adopts parallel input mode, and no matter signal in no particular order, works in what mode, as long as there being high level signal to send from " manually ", " automatically ", button, CPU microprocessor 1 just performs the instruction sent immediately. The theory dynamically set substantially increases system operability, rapidity.
The present invention is provided with " simulation ", " numeral " output mode, and start is defaulted as " simulation " output, and when needs export digital quantity signal, pressing " numeral " output can switch over. " simulation " output adapts to and most of domestic engines in situ, and " numeral " output then adapts to external engine in situ, and the setting of this function key have greatly expanded mobile generator fully automatic pressure-stabilizing protection systematic difference scope. The Shang Shu world is initiated.
The PWMO outfan of CPU microprocessor 1, after LM358D emitter-base bandgap grading coupling amplification, deliver to isolated amplifier 10 and amplify output, the throttle control signal of output can match with the ECU throttle port of major part state IV BBG, output and the throttle control signal that whole system is completely isolated, carrying load ability is strong, access automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port 102. Particular design is required according to automobile engine characteristics and generator property. The signal of digital signal output is: " 0 ", " 1 ", three kinds of states of high resistant.
More specifically; in preference; described processing unit 17 includes described mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection device; gas, for the DC voltage according to the voltage sensor output after operational amplifier 6 amplifies, is controlled by described CPU microprocessor 1 by automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port 102.
Below control mechanism is described in detail.
If the DC voltage of voltage sensor output is equal to X, then throttle control signal is made to be maintained at currency; Specifically, when CPU18 foot P10/ADCO end input voltage is X, CPU17 foot P37/PWMO (pulsewidth modulation end, control simulated oil gate signal outfan) and CPU19 foot P11/ADC1, CPU20 foot P12/ADC2 (controlling digital throttle signal output part) all unchanged voltage, CPU1 foot P22 (electrical control cubicles control signal) exports without control signal, throttle signal is stable at currency, and output voltage is standard AC220V.
When CPU18 foot P10/ADCO end input voltage is: be more than or equal to Y1 and less than X, or during more than X and less than or equal to Y2, corresponding outfan can change accordingly, output throttle rises or throttle drops signal and controls engine speed, CPU18 foot P10/ADCO end input voltage is made to keep consistent with X, thus obtaining a stable output voltage.
When CPU18 foot P10/ADCO end input voltage is < Y1 or > Y2; input will be blocked; outfan corresponding for CPU exports " 0.2 " V, " high-impedance state " respectively; make engine idling operation; CPU1 foot P22 exports " 1 " high level signal simultaneously; close electromotor to the power supply of electrical equipment, effectively protect whole system.
Wherein, the value of Y2, Y1, the threshold values of voltage is protected as upper and lower limit, storage is in the corresponding units of CPU microprocessor. When the scope making generator output voltage exceed D1, D2 due to certain cause specific, Y1, Y2 value also correspondence goes beyond the scope, the simulated oil gate signal voltage of described CPU18 foot P10/ADC0 input is blocked immediately, and described CPU19 foot P11/ADC1, CPU20 foot P12/ADC2 controls digital throttle signal and immediately becomes high-impedance state. Described CPU17 foot P37/PWMO (pulsewidth modulation end); controlling simulated oil gate signal outfan is 0.2V; make electromotor lose throttle control signal and enter idling mode operating; CPU1 foot P22 exports a control signal simultaneously; cut off main switching control in electrical control cubicles; close electromotor and export the voltage (system control cpu voltage takes from main switching control upper end) of load, be effectively protected automobile engine, electromotor and use electric loading.
In a preference; described CPU18 foot P10/ADCO port; by programming mode, the X (4.4V) calculated, Y1 (3.96V), Y2 (4.84V) are write inside CPU; form a series of digital coding by AD conversion and store voltage comparator unit, comparing with the outside signal sent here as standard comparing voltage, bound protection voltage. When after automobile engine starting, entering idle running pattern (about 600r/min), simulated oil gate signal is 0.2V, digital throttle signal is high-impedance state. Open power take-off valve, electromotor is started working, system is in " automatically " duty, user selects engine type by button: domestic engine in situ throttle control signal is that 0～4.7V, import engine in situ throttle control signal drop for " 1 " throttle liter, " 0 " throttle, high-impedance state; Idling.
Simulated oil gate signal pattern: voltage sensor senses compares to generator output voltage and with normal voltage, (at this moment sensor output voltage and benchmark voltage X), CPU is internal by comparing, calculate, a series of disposal of the unit such as process, a continuous print voltage change signal is exported by CPU17 foot P37/PWMO, dynamic characteristic according to electromotor, through repeatedly proving, make voltage change ratio 0.3V/s, and electromotor voltage often changes 1V, rotating speed respective change 400～500r, such output signal makes electromotor from idling 600r/min, 0.2V reaches 2V correspondence rotating speed and is about 1500r/min, (this process is automatically performed) only needs about 6s many time (this is the time that idling mode reaches rated speed) during this. along with the consecutive variations of Throttle Opening Control voltage finally makes voltage sensor output voltage consistent with P37-X (4.4V), now CPU18 foot P10/ADCO stops change in voltage, and steady lock is at currency, thus electromotor output voltage stabilization is at U (220V). according to Fig. 4 it can be seen that this is a closed loop system, voltage ratio carries out relatively all the time, can be obtained by a stable magnitude of voltage at outfan.
Digital throttle signal mode: when user selects engine type by button: figure pattern. Voltage comparison signal is consistent with above-mentioned, now CPU19 foot P11/ADC1 exports " 1 " high level signal, owing to Foreign Engine acceleration is fabulous, when Engine ECU Throttle Opening Control port is plus after signal, be equivalent to the effect of foot throttle, its time reaching rated speed from idling mode is less than 3s, and its principle of stabilized voltage is same as above.
Over voltage protected mode: when (corresponding electromotor output AC D2, D1) is above or below setting value when in use making input voltage > Y2, the < Y1 of described CPU18 foot P11/ADC0, end due to certain X factor; CPU blocks input at once; and to order CPU17 foot P37/PWMO output voltage be 0.2V, CPU19 foot P11/ADC1, CPU20 foot P12/ADC2 is high-impedance state, CPU1 foot P22 exports control signal simultaneously. Electromotor is operated under idling mode, cuts off the output of electromotor electrical control cubicles, be effectively protected due to the infringement to automobile engine, mobile generator and electrical equipment of the system over voltage.
Analog voltage signal, benchmark voltage, ultra under-pressure voltage signal, after LM358D emitter-base bandgap grading coupling amplification, are become computer code by CPU internal conversion and store by the DAC0 input of CPU microprocessor 1. After above-mentioned each voltage is compared, export corresponding control signal and remove to drive the throttle port of Engine ECU. Thus reaching the purpose utilizing the output voltage of electromotor to remove to control engine peed stable output voltage.
CPU17 foot P37/PWMO one continuous print voltage change signal of output is delivered to high isolation amplifier after LM358D emitter-base bandgap grading coupling amplification and signal is carried out, filtering, shaping, amplification, deliver to the throttle port of Engine ECU, reach the purpose utilizing the output voltage of electromotor to remove to control engine peed stable output voltage. The use of high isolation amplifier improves the throttle control signal of throttle control signal and the Qu Peixing of throttle port of Engine ECU, high-quality and makes control of engine speed relatively reliable. (being a big technological innovation of the present invention)
DAC01, DAC02 outfan of CPU microprocessor 1 drives miniature relay output digit signals " 1 ", " 0 ", " high-impedance state " to deliver to the throttle port of Engine ECU through VOS pipe respectively, reaches the purpose utilizing the output voltage of electromotor to remove to control engine peed stable output voltage.
When the P22 of CPU microprocessor 1 is super in output, under-voltage, one high-level control signal of output drives auxiliary reclay by Darlington transistor, controls the main switching control in electrical control cubicles, and cut-out electromotor to load power source, reaches to surpass, the purpose of under-voltage automatic protection.
Those skilled in the art will know that, except realizing device provided by the invention and each sub-device thereof in pure computer readable program code mode, device provided by the invention and each sub-device thereof can be made to realize identical function with the form of gate, switch, special IC, programmable logic controller (PLC) and embedded microcontroller etc. by method step carries out programming in logic completely. So, device provided by the invention and every sub-device thereof are considered a kind of hardware component, and the device for realizing various function included in it can also be considered as the structure in hardware component; Can also be considered as not only can being realize the software module of method but also can be the structure in hardware component by the device being used for realizing various function.
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described. It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes within the scope of the claims or revise, and this has no effect on the flesh and blood of the present invention. When not conflicting, embodiments herein and the feature in embodiment can arbitrarily be mutually combined.
Claims (9)
1. a mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control guard method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Benchmark voltage obtaining step: obtain the benchmark voltage of voltage sensor, wherein, the ac output voltage of voltage sensor senses mobile generator;
Wherein:
X represents when the ac output voltage of mobile generator is normal voltage, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output;
B represents under the maximum input voltage of voltage sensor, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output;
U represents standard AC voltage;
A represents the highest input ac voltage of voltage sensor;
Using X as described benchmark voltage;
Gas rate-determining steps: the DC voltage according to voltage sensor output, as follows, is controlled gas:
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output less than Y1, then makes automobile engine idle running, and cuts off the mobile generator power supply supply to electrical equipment;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output be more than or equal to Y1 and less than X, then increases gas, to improve rotating speed of automobile engine;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output equal to X, then makes gas be maintained at current state;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output more than X and less than or equal to Y2, then reduces gas, to reduce rotating speed of automobile engine;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output more than Y2, then makes automobile engine idle running, and cuts off the mobile generator power supply supply to electrical equipment;
Wherein, Y1 represents lower voltage limit threshold values, and Y2 represents upper voltage limit threshold values, and D1 represents the lower limit of mobile generator ac output voltage, and D2 represents the upper limit of mobile generator ac output voltage;
Step 2 is repeatedly executed at predetermined intervals, so that the DC voltage stability of voltage sensor output is at X.
2. a mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection device, it is characterised in that include following device:
Benchmark voltage acquisition apparatus: for obtaining the benchmark voltage of voltage sensor, wherein, the ac output voltage of voltage sensor senses mobile generator;
Wherein:
X represents when the ac output voltage of mobile generator is normal voltage, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output;
B represents under the maximum input voltage of voltage sensor, the DC voltage of voltage sensor output;
U represents standard AC voltage;
A represents the highest input ac voltage of voltage sensor;
Using X as described benchmark voltage;
Control device for automobile accelerator: for the DC voltage repeatedly exported according to voltage sensor, as follows, gas is controlled, so that the DC voltage stability of voltage sensor output is at X:
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output less than Y1, then makes automobile engine idle running, and cuts off the mobile generator power supply supply to electrical equipment;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output be more than or equal to Y1 and less than X, then increases gas, to improve rotating speed of automobile engine;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output equal to X, then makes gas be maintained at current state;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output more than X and less than or equal to Y2, then reduces gas, to reduce rotating speed of automobile engine;
The DC voltage of-Ruo voltage sensor output more than Y2, then makes automobile engine idle running, and cuts off the mobile generator power supply supply to electrical equipment;
Wherein, Y1 represents lower voltage limit threshold values, and Y2 represents upper voltage limit threshold values, and D1 represents the lower limit of mobile generator ac output voltage, and D2 represents the upper limit of mobile generator ac output voltage.
3. a mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection system, it is characterized in that, including CPU microprocessor (1), isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module (2), voltage isolation module (3), guidance panel (4), liquid crystal display (5), operational amplifier (6), voltage sensor (7), photoelectrical coupler (8), speed probe (9), automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port (102); Described liquid crystal display (5), guidance panel (4), isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module (2) are respectively connected to described CPU microprocessor (1);
Described mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection system, also include the voltage sensor (7) accessing described CPU microprocessor (1) through operational amplifier (6), access the speed probe (9) of described CPU microprocessor (1) through photoelectrical coupler (8); Described voltage isolation module (3) is respectively connected to voltage sensor (7), speed probe (9); The ac output voltage of voltage sensor (7) detection mobile generator; The rotating speed of speed probe (9) detection automobile engine; Described CPU microprocessor (1) accesses automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port (102);
Gas, for the DC voltage according to the voltage sensor output after operational amplifier 6 amplifies, is controlled by described CPU microprocessor (1) by automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port (102).
4. mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control according to claim 3 protection system, it is characterised in that described CPU microprocessor (1) includes the mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection device described in claim 2.
5. mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control according to claim 3 protection system, it is characterized in that, described CPU microprocessor (1) includes signal gathering unit (12), recognition unit (15), arithmetic element (16), processing unit (17), output unit (19);
Voltage sensor (7), speed probe (9) access described recognition unit (15), described recognition unit (15) connects described arithmetic element (16), described signal protection unit (13), described arithmetic element (16) respectively, described arithmetic element (16) is connected with described processing unit (17), described processing unit (17) is connected with described output unit (19), amplifying unit (18) respectively, and described signal gathering unit (12) is connected with described processing unit (17);
Voltage sensor (7), speed probe (9) deliver to recognition unit (15) transducing signal, identified unit (15) is processed by arithmetic element (16) after identifying, carry out logical operations, form the data code that processing unit (17) can recognise that, by processing unit (17), signal is carried out digital-to-analogue conversion, by output unit (19), control signal is exported to liquid crystal display (5) and automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port;
Described processing unit (17) includes the mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection device described in claim 2.
6. mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control according to claim 4 protection system, it is characterised in that described CPU microprocessor (1) also includes signal protection unit (13);
The operational order gathered from guidance panel (4) is sent to processing unit (17) by described signal gathering unit (12), and processing unit exports control signal to automobile ECU Throttle Opening Control port according to operational order;
The superpressure signal that described signal protection unit (13) gathers, after the identified unit of under-voltage signal (15) processes, after being confirmed as output voltage exception by processing unit (17), described mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection system is made to be switched to dormancy lock-out state, under dormancy lock-out state, except on and off switch, all button operations are all invalid, processing unit (17) also by output unit (19) superpressure signal, under-voltage signal delivers to LCDs (5), LCDs (5) display is super, under-voltage protection information, and processing unit (17) controls automobile engine idle running, achieve super, under-voltage automatic protection display alarm, cut off the mobile generator output to load simultaneously.
7. mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control according to claim 3 protection system, it is characterised in that also include input power; Input power through isolated from power Voltage stabilizing module (2) be CPU microprocessor (1), liquid crystal display (5) provide working power; Input power through overvoltage isolation module (3) be voltage sensor (7), speed probe (9) provide working power;
Described speed probe is CYPRESS3013 Sai Pulasi Hall element, and described voltage sensor is isolated pressure transmitter, and described CPU microprocessor (1) is the grand base single-chip microcomputer of stc12c5612AD;
Speed probe (9) is arranged on above power takeoff and automobile current generator power transmission shaft, and the flange equipped with the strong magnetic of neodymium iron boron is fixed on power transmission shaft, flange and speed probe (9) relative position < 3mm; CPU microprocessor generates rotary speed information according to the transducing signal that speed probe (9) exports, and shows described rotary speed information by liquid crystal display (5).
8. mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control according to claim 3 protection system, it is characterised in that the operator scheme of mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control protection system includes manual operation mode; In the manual operating mode, gas is controlled by described CPU microprocessor (1) according to the throttle operation instruction of guidance panel collection.
9. mobile generator automatic voltage stabilization and control according to claim 3 protection system; it is characterized in that; the throttle control signal of output, for adapting to the analogue signal of the automobile chassis of analog voltage signal, or for being adapted to the digital signal of the automobile chassis of Digital Signals.
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| CN107472171A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-12-15 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Power supply management device, method and vehicle |
| CN107666177A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-06 | 珠海银隆电器有限公司 | Power supply switch circuit, electric boosting steering system and new-energy automobile |
| CN107696999A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-02-16 | 南京瑞贻电子科技有限公司 | A kind of automobile and mobile unit driving shares throttle control system and monitoring and managing method |
| CN109291914A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-02-01 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | A kind of voltage protection method of hybrid vehicle |
| CN112019106A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-01 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Excitation control method for generator of diesel multiple unit |
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