CN105660642A - Anti-cracking preservative used before picking of litchis and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Anti-cracking preservative used before picking of litchis and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105660642A CN105660642A CN201610191906.5A CN201610191906A CN105660642A CN 105660642 A CN105660642 A CN 105660642A CN 201610191906 A CN201610191906 A CN 201610191906A CN 105660642 A CN105660642 A CN 105660642A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-cracking preservative used before picking of litchis and a preparation method and application thereof. The anti-cracking preservative is prepared from jasmonic acid or jasmonic acid derivative, salicylic acid, chitosan oligosaccharide or/and chitosan, gibberellin, tween 80 or/and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, calcium salt and preservative. The specific application method comprises the following steps: respectively applying the anti-cracking preservative disclosed by the invention in the expansion period, the turning stage and the mature period of the litchis for 3 to 4 times in total once every 7-10 days; uniformly applying the preservative in an atomizing manner to fruits and leaves before 10 a.m. or after 4 p.m. in sunny days until liquid drops fall down; and stopping applying the preservative 7-10 days prior to harvesting. By the application of the anti-cracking preservative, the cracking resistance, cold resistance, disease resistance and storage resistance of the litchis can be improved, and the freshness retention period is prolonged; treated fruits can be stored for more than 8 days under a normal temperature condition and more than 30 days under a low temperature condition; and the cracking rate is low, and is only 50 percent of that of contrast fruits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural product cultivation and technical field of preservation of fresh, be specifically related to a kind of Fructus Litchi and adopt front anticracking antistaling agent and preparation method thereof and application.
Background technology
Fructus Litchi (LichiChinensisSonn.) belongs to sapindaceous plant, is the famous-brand and high-quality characteristic fruit of China, because of its unique flavor, delicious succulence, nutritious, and has the title of " in fruit treasure ". The great industrial advantage of China's Fructus Litchi, also make a living for orchard worker the Main Means got rich, but for a long time, the storage of fresh lichee and transport are all the great difficult problem produced and constrain the development of Fructus Litchi industry, Fructus Litchi abounds with in torrid areas, again on the occasion of high temperature and rainy season time ripe, dehiscent fruit it is susceptible to before maturation, pluck consequence real number in a few days color, smell and taste gradually to lose, freshness declines, and cause brown stain, mouldy rot so that the shelf-life of Fructus Litchi is extremely short, has a strong impact on its yield, economy and commodity value.
Affecting the rotten reason of Fructus Litchi a lot, infecting etc. of the wherein dehydration of Fructus Litchi, the activity of enzyme and microorganism is the main cause causing denaturation to rot. Current lichee fresh-keeping process has focused largely on postharvest handling method and technology, conventional have based on bubble chamber normal-temperature fresh-keeping method on the rocks, deepfreeze fresh-keeping method, controlled atmosphere method, low-residual antibacterial chemical fresh-keeping method, ozone fresh-keeping method, heat treatment, radiation and UV treatment are used to sterilize and delay physiological aging in addition. Any of the above method all has certain effect, but is all from adopting the process of being on the defensive property of after-stage, could not fundamentally solve a fresh-keeping difficult problem for Fructus Litchi; And preservation technique expansion is extended to and adopts the last stage, to Fructus Litchi by applying many nutrition, multi-functional composition, from source, promoting fruit yield, quality, disease resistance and storage property, the technique study prolonged storage period is few. Fact proved, litchi fresh-keeping technology during storage and transportation is the overall process implemented and adopt front management and post-harvest fresh-keeping, and the fresh fruit life-span length of Fructus Litchi and each link before, during and after the production process are closely related. Therefore, in the preservation technique of Fructus Litchi, except the preservation technique after adopting, it is necessary to consider the measures such as the nutrition before adopting and cultivation management.
In recent years, Anti-different region antibodies technology has become as the focus of diseases of garden stuff study on prevention.Biological and abiotic inducible factor is adopted to process fruit, it is possible to improve its anti pathologic immunity ability, it is achieved the control to diseases of garden stuff. Jasmonic (Jasmonicacid, JA) and (-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate (MmethylJasmonate, MeJA) are naturally occurring endogenous growth regulators matter in higher plant body, grow in coordinate plant growth and play an important role in Stress responses; Finding that the physiological metabolism of plant is created comparatively significant impact by it, the quality of corresponding agricultural product have also been obtained certain improvement simultaneously. Salicylic acid (SalicylicAcid, SA) it is the simple micromolecule phenolic of ubiquitous one in plant, activated plant defence protection mechanism can be carried out as the signaling molecule needed for Plant defense responses, in plant signal conduction and degeneration-resistant reaction, play pivotal role; Can pass through to reduce the growing amount of the electrolyte osmotic rate of fruit, oxidase active, ethylene, maintain the integrity of cell membrane, improve the enzymatic activity relevant to defence and then reduce sickness rate, realizing the effect of fresh preservation. Oligochitosan (Chito-oligosaeeharide) and chitosan (Chitosan) diseases prevention and disease-resistant in have number of mechanisms, except as activation signal molecule, excite rapidly the defense response of plant, start system of defense, plant can also be made to produce the disease-resistance substances such as phenolic compound, lignin, protective plant protecting agent, pathogenesis-related proteins, and improving the defensive ferment relevant to disease-resistant metabolism and the activity of Active oxygen eliminating enzyme system system, the direct inhibitory action of phytopathogen is also its disease-resistant necessary component by it.
The oxygen scavenging activity ability of fruit can be improved after gibberellin treatment, alleviate Lipid peroxidation metabolism degree, use before adopting and after adopting and can extend storage period. Use gibberellin treatment fruit before adopting, can keep and improve the quality of fruit, improve the hardness of fruit, soluble solid, titratable acid and total sugar are also had good maintenance effect.
The present invention be more than one state three kinds of Anti-different region antibodies agent be main component adopt front anticracking antistaling agent, sprayed by the expanding stage grown at Fructus Litchi, colour-change period and period of maturation, improve cracking resistance fruit property, cold resistance, disease resistance, the storage property of Fructus Litchi, become the passive fresh-keeping Initiative Defense changed into before adopting after adopting, fruit quality can be made to reach significant increase, yield and shelf-life be greatly prolonged.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of economy, easy lifting is adopted the Fructus Litchi of front Fructus Litchi quality and storage property and is adopted front anticracking antistaling agent, is supplementing existing Fructus Litchi post harvest transport preservation technique.
The present invention also aims to the preparation method that described Fructus Litchi anticracking antistaling agent is provided.
The present invention also aims to the application process providing described Fructus Litchi anticracking antistaling agent for Fructus Litchi pre-harvest treatment.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
Front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by a kind of Fructus Litchi, and component and the content of each component in this antistaling agent are as follows:
Plant disease resistance inductor: jasmonic or jasmonic acid derivative 0.002 ~ 0.1g/L
Salicylic acid 0.01 ~ 1g/L
More than one 0.5 ~ 10g/L in oligochitosan and chitosan
Plant growth regulator: gibberellins 0.05 ~ 0.1g/L
Calcium salt 1 ~ 10g/L
Emulsifying agent: Tween 80 and more than one the 5 ~ 50g/L in dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate
Preservative: potassium sorbate 0.05 ~ 0.1/L
All the other are solvent.
Preferably, described solvent is the one in following 5 kinds: water and ethanol; Water and citric acid;Water and acetic acid; Water, ethanol and citric acid; Water, ethanol and acetic acid.
Preferably, described jasmonic acid derivative is (-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate.
Preferably, the deacetylated of described chitosan is more than 90%, is dissolved in water or is dissolved in the citric acid or acetic acid that mass concentration is 1 ~ 2%, and the molecular weight of oligochitosan is 500 ~ 10000Da.
Preferably, the deacetylated of described chitosan is 95%, is dissolved in the citric acid that mass concentration is 1%, and the molecular weight of oligochitosan is 5000Da.
Preferably, described calcium salt is calcium chloride, calcium citrate, calcium amino acid chelate or calcium nitrate.
Preferably, described Fructus Litchi anticracking antistaling agent, component and the content of each component in described antistaling agent is: jasmonic or (-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate are 0.02g/L, salicylic acid is 0.1g/L, oligochitosan or chitosan is 1g/L, gibberellins 0.02g/L, calcium salt 5g/L, emulsifying agent is 10g/L, potassium sorbate 0.08g/L, and all the other are solvent; Described emulsifying agent is more than one in Tween 80 and dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate.
The preparation method that front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by above-described a kind of Fructus Litchi, comprises the following steps:
1) each component dissolved respectively except emulsifying agent with water or organic solvent, wherein (-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate and gibberellins dissolve with 95 ~ 100% ethanol, and chitosan mass concentration is the citric acid dissolving of 1 ~ 2%, and all the other components are respectively with water dissolution;
2) mixing each component except emulsifying agent, then add emulsifying agent, surplus is supplemented to required mixeding liquid volume with water, stirs 10 ~ 30min, and 50 ~ 500 revs/min carry out normal pressure emulsifying, mix homogeneously, obtain mixed liquor;
3) by step 2) gained mixed liquor through 50 ~ 90 DEG C, 5 ~ 90Mpa homogenizing, fill after vacuum outgas under 0.05 ~ 0.1MPa, obtain a kind of Fructus Litchi and adopt front anticracking antistaling agent.
The application of front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by above-described a kind of Fructus Litchi, comprises the following steps:
Spray described Fructus Litchi respectively adopt front anticracking antistaling agent in the expanding stage (about thank and spend latter 4 ~ 6 weeks) of Fructus Litchi, colour-change period (about thank and spend latter 7 ~ 8 weeks) and period of maturation (about thank and spend latter 8 ~ 10 weeks), totally 3 ~ 4 times, every minor tick 7 ~ 10 days; Before at 10 in the morning of fine day or after at 4 in afternoon, mist uniformly sprays in fruit and blade face to dropping liquid. Within before gathering 7 ~ 10 days, discontinue medication.
Preferably, described application is based upon on the good culture control measures bases such as fertilising, irrigation, pruning, strong flower and fruit, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, timely collecting, the sterilization of clear garden. Emphasis endangers the pest and disease damage preventions such as heavier peronospora tabacina, anthrax, base of a fruit moth after strengthening adopting.
Preferably, described Fructus Litchi is adopted the applicable Litchi Varieties of front cracking resistance antistaling agent and is glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves, osmanthus taste, cv. Feizixiao, white sugar small-mouthed jar, enters to give, drives gold goal, white beeswax, chicken mouth litchi, avenges bosom, Chen Zi, the red pocket glutinous, green in mirror river, both shoulders jade pocket, celestial being mother-in-law really, hangs green, crystal ball, the perfume kind such as litchi, non-kernel lichee.
Compared with prior art, present invention have the advantage that
1) present invention obtains a kind of Fructus Litchi and adopts front anticracking antistaling agent and preparation method thereof and application, is the useful supplement to existing Fructus Litchi post-harvest fresh-keeping technology.
2) apply the Fructus Litchi of the present invention to adopt front anticracking antistaling agent and spray before gathering and use, good refreshing effect. Front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by the Fructus Litchi provided is with materials such as several plant function regulator (-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate, oligochitosan, salicylic acid for main constituent, these materials are as semiochemicals in plant, growth promoter and system of defense on plant all have certain impact, the disease resistance of fruit, cold resistance, storage property can be effectively improved, suppress to rot, brown stain, damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature generation, reduce fruit speed of quality comparison in storage. The lichee fresh-keeping that the sprinkling of front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by the Fructus Litchi of the application present invention is effective, and fruit after treatment can be preserved more than 8 days under normal temperature condition, can preserve more than 30 days under low temperature.
3) Fructus Litchi of the present invention is adopted front anticracking antistaling agent and is had higher safety. (-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate, salicylic acid, oligochitosan, gibberellins are all naturally occurring endogenous growth regulators matter in plant, and consumption is few, will not produce chemical hazard after processing agricultural product.
4) Fructus Litchi of the present invention adopt front anticracking antistaling agent cracking resistance fruit effective. Preharvest dehiscent fruit rate lowers significantly after treatment, and Cracking fruit is only about the 50% of comparison.
5) method of the present invention is easy and simple to handle, it is easy to control operating condition.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
For ' glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves ', Fructus Litchi is adopted front anticracking antistaling agent weigh respectively by following weight (kilogram) component ratio, 50g salicylic acid, 50g calcium nitrate, 2.5g potassium sorbate is dissolved respectively with water, dissolve 25g chitosan (deacetylation is 95%) with the citric acid that mass concentration is 1%, dissolve 0.1g (-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate and 2.5g gibberellins with ethanol respectively; Mix each component; Add 250g Tween 80, supplement water until gained mixed liquor is 50L; Under 500 revs/min, stirring carries out normal pressure emulsifying in 10 minutes; Then at 50 DEG C, high pressure homogenize under 90MPa, it is fill after vacuum outgas under 0.05MPa in vacuum, obtains Fructus Litchi and adopt front anticracking antistaling agent.
(-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate 0.002g/L
Salicylic acid 1g/L
Chitosan (deacetylation 95%) 0.5g/L
Gibberellins 0.05g/L
Calcium nitrate 1g/L
Tween 80 5g/L
Potassium sorbate 0.05g/L
(1) after ' glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves ' is thanked and spent, within 5 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks and 9 weeks, spray above-mentioned Fructus Litchi respectively and adopt front anticracking antistaling agent, totally 4 times; Before selecting the morning 10 of fine day, Fructus Litchi is adopted front anticracking antistaling agent mist uniformly to spray in fruit and blade face to dropping liquid. Gather first 7 days and discontinue medication.
(2) strictly carry out following culture management simultaneously, to reach to promote Fructus Litchi normal growth, strengthen the purpose that the pre-preventing disease and pest of Fructus Litchi resistant to diseases and insects occurs. A applies fertilizer: apply fertilizer in good time, applying organic manure, strengthens water and fertilizer management, available fertilization compositions based on earth measurement. Note intertillage, weeding, loosening the soil promotes tree vigo(u)r healthy and strong simultaneously. B irrigates: moist rainy time it is noted that draining, want timely trickle during arid, with the soil moisture supply kept in balance. C prunes: by controlling treetop, tree crown, prunes mixed and disorderly branch, removes weak branch, the branch that is in the light of having no result, and improves orchard ventilation and penetrating light and regulates orchard microclimate, reducing the probability that disease pest occurs. D control shoot: put autumn growth, improves tree body resistant to diseases and insects; The control winter tip, eliminates disease pest nutrient source, advantageously reduces survive the winter worm source and bacterium source. The physical method control shoots such as Appropriate application girdling, spiral ring-barking. E strengthens flower and fruit: the florescence can be adopted to put peak pollination, girdling, uses the measure such as plant growth regulator and protects flower, short bear fruit, fruit retention, and fruit development early metaphase executes foliage fertilizer fruit retention 1 time in every 10 days, and soil imposes organic matter and is main fruit-promoting fertilizer 2 times. The F prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: grasp crucial Control stage, selects highly effective and safe medicament, and emphasis endangers the prevention of the pest and disease damages such as heavier peronospora tabacina, anthrax, base of a fruit moth after strengthening adopting. Young fruit period, fruit expanding period, ripe first 20 days with 72.2% general make every effort to overcome 1000 times of liquid, 80% Mancozeb 800 times, 70% thiophanate methyl, three kinds of reagent of 800 times of liquid spray in turn. In taking out the flower bud phase, young fruit period, fruit development period spray the insects such as preventing and treating base of a fruit moth with 30% copper oxychloride+1.8% avilamycin 1500 times+1000 times 90% metrifonate mixing of 1000 times.G timely collecting: carrying out when resting in most of fruit maturation plucking work, Maturity is advisable with 8 maturations, selects fine day dew in the morning dry rear or the cloudy day carries out. H clear garden sterilization: carry out after picking fruit and orchard cleaning work autumn and winter, combines and prunes cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves, concentrate harmless treatment, spills in setting above and ground is to reduce worm source with the lime sulfur of 0.5 Baume degrees or 600 times of liquid of 30% copper oxychloride.
' glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves ' the Fruit Cracking rate reduction after front anticracking antistaling agent processes adopted by the Fructus Litchi prepared through this example, is only (other condition is the same, does not spray the prepared Fructus Litchi of the present embodiment and adopts ' glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves ' of front anticracking antistaling agent) 50.9% of comparison; Can preserve 8 days under normal-temperature fresh-keeping (bubble chamber+ice bag, punching PE film packaging), and under low temperature (5 DEG C, relative humidity 85% ~ 90%, punching PE film packaging) 30 days can be preserved.
Embodiment 2:
For ' osmanthus taste ', Fructus Litchi is adopted front anticracking antistaling agent weigh respectively by following weight (kilogram) component ratio, 0.5g salicylic acid, 500g calcium amino acid chelate, 5g potassium sorbate is dissolved respectively with water, dissolve 500g chitosan (deacetylation is 95%) with the citric acid that mass concentration is 1%, dissolve 5g (-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate and 5g gibberellins with ethanol respectively; Mix each component; Add 2500g Tween 80, supplement water until gained mixed liquor is 50L; Under 50 revs/min, stirring carries out normal pressure emulsifying in 30 minutes; Then at 50 DEG C, high pressure homogenize under 20MPa, it is fill after vacuum outgas under 0.1MPa in vacuum, obtains Fructus Litchi and adopt front anticracking antistaling agent.
(-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate 0.1g/L
Salicylic acid 0.01g/L
Chitosan (deacetylation 95%) 10g/L
Gibberellins 0.1g/L
Calcium amino acid chelate 10g/L
Tween 80 50g/L
Potassium sorbate 0.1g/L
(1) after ' osmanthus taste ' is thanked and spent, within 5 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks and 9 weeks, spray above-mentioned Fructus Litchi respectively and adopt front anticracking antistaling agent, totally 4 times; Before selecting the morning 10 of fine day, Fructus Litchi is adopted front anticracking antistaling agent mist uniformly to spray in fruit and blade face to dropping liquid. Gather first 7 days and discontinue medication.
(2) strictly carry out following culture management simultaneously, to reach to promote Fructus Litchi normal growth, strengthen the purpose that the pre-preventing disease and pest of Fructus Litchi resistant to diseases and insects occurs. A applies fertilizer: apply fertilizer in good time, applying organic manure, strengthens water and fertilizer management, available fertilization compositions based on earth measurement. Note intertillage, weeding, loosening the soil promotes tree vigo(u)r healthy and strong simultaneously. B irrigates: moist rainy time it is noted that draining, want timely trickle during arid, with the soil moisture supply kept in balance. C prunes: by controlling treetop, tree crown, prunes mixed and disorderly branch, removes weak branch, the branch that is in the light of having no result, and improves orchard ventilation and penetrating light and regulates orchard microclimate, reducing the probability that disease pest occurs. D control shoot: put autumn growth, improves tree body resistant to diseases and insects; The control winter tip, eliminates disease pest nutrient source, advantageously reduces survive the winter worm source and bacterium source. The physical method control shoots such as Appropriate application girdling, spiral ring-barking. E strengthens flower and fruit: the florescence can be adopted to put peak pollination, girdling, uses the measure such as plant growth regulator and protects flower, short bear fruit, fruit retention, and fruit development early metaphase executes foliage fertilizer fruit retention 1 time in every 10 days, and soil imposes organic matter and is main fruit-promoting fertilizer 2 times. The F prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: grasp crucial Control stage, selects highly effective and safe medicament, and emphasis endangers the prevention of the pest and disease damages such as heavier peronospora tabacina, anthrax, base of a fruit moth after strengthening adopting. Young fruit period, fruit expanding period, ripe first 20 days with 72.2% general make every effort to overcome 1000 times of liquid, 80% Mancozeb 800 times, 70% thiophanate methyl, three kinds of reagent of 800 times of liquid spray in turn.In taking out the flower bud phase, young fruit period, fruit development period spray the insects such as preventing and treating base of a fruit moth with 30% copper oxychloride+1.8% avilamycin 1500 times+1000 times 90% metrifonate mixing of 1000 times. G timely collecting: carrying out when resting in most of fruit maturation plucking work, Maturity is advisable with 8 maturations, selects fine day dew in the morning dry rear or the cloudy day carries out. H clear garden sterilization: carry out after picking fruit and orchard cleaning work autumn and winter, combines and prunes cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves, concentrate harmless treatment, spills in setting above and ground is to reduce worm source with the lime sulfur of 0.5 Baume degrees or 600 times of liquid of 30% copper oxychloride.
' osmanthus taste ' the Fruit Cracking rate reduction after front anticracking antistaling agent processes adopted by the Fructus Litchi prepared through this example, is only (other condition is the same, does not spray the prepared Fructus Litchi of the present embodiment and adopts ' the osmanthus taste ' of front anticracking antistaling agent) 48.7% of comparison; Can preserve 10 days under normal-temperature fresh-keeping (bubble chamber+ice bag, punching PE film packaging), and under low temperature (5 DEG C, relative humidity 85% ~ 90%, punching PE film packaging) 32 days can be preserved.
Embodiment 3:
For ' glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves ', Fructus Litchi is adopted front anticracking antistaling agent weigh respectively by following weight (kilogram) component ratio, dissolve 5g salicylic acid, 50g oligochitosan (molecular weight is 5000Da), 100g calcium nitrate, 4g potassium sorbate with water respectively, dissolve 1g (-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate and 1g gibberellins with ethanol respectively; Mix each component; Add 500g Tween 80, supplement water until gained mixed liquor is 50L; Under 500 revs/min, stirring carries out normal pressure emulsifying in 10 minutes; Then at 60 DEG C, high pressure homogenize under 30MPa, it is fill after vacuum outgas under 0.05MPa in vacuum, obtains Fructus Litchi and adopt front anticracking antistaling agent.
(-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate 0.02g/L
Salicylic acid 0.1g/L
Oligochitosan (molecular weight is 5000) 1g/L
Gibberellins 0.02g/L
Calcium nitrate 2g/L
Tween 80 10g/L
Potassium sorbate 0.08g/L
(1) after ' glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves ' is thanked and spent, within 5 weeks, 7 weeks, 8 weeks and 9 weeks, spray above-mentioned Fructus Litchi respectively and adopt front anticracking antistaling agent, totally 4 times; Before selecting the morning 10 of fine day, Fructus Litchi is adopted front anticracking antistaling agent mist uniformly to spray in fruit and blade face to dropping liquid. Gather first 7 days and discontinue medication.
(2) strictly carry out following culture management simultaneously, to reach to promote Fructus Litchi normal growth, strengthen the purpose that the pre-preventing disease and pest of Fructus Litchi resistant to diseases and insects occurs. A applies fertilizer: apply fertilizer in good time, applying organic manure, strengthens water and fertilizer management, available fertilization compositions based on earth measurement. Note intertillage, weeding, loosening the soil promotes tree vigo(u)r healthy and strong simultaneously. B irrigates: moist rainy time it is noted that draining, want timely trickle during arid, with the soil moisture supply kept in balance. C prunes: by controlling treetop, tree crown, prunes mixed and disorderly branch, removes weak branch, the branch that is in the light of having no result, and improves orchard ventilation and penetrating light and regulates orchard microclimate, reducing the probability that disease pest occurs. D control shoot: put autumn growth, improves tree body resistant to diseases and insects; The control winter tip, eliminates disease pest nutrient source, advantageously reduces survive the winter worm source and bacterium source. The physical method control shoots such as Appropriate application girdling, spiral ring-barking. E strengthens flower and fruit: the florescence can be adopted to put peak pollination, girdling, uses the measure such as plant growth regulator and protects flower, short bear fruit, fruit retention, and fruit development early metaphase executes foliage fertilizer fruit retention 1 time in every 10 days, and soil imposes organic matter and is main fruit-promoting fertilizer 2 times. The F prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: grasp crucial Control stage, selects highly effective and safe medicament, and emphasis endangers the prevention of the pest and disease damages such as heavier peronospora tabacina, anthrax, base of a fruit moth after strengthening adopting. Young fruit period, fruit expanding period, ripe first 20 days with 72.2% general make every effort to overcome 1000 times of liquid, 80% Mancozeb 800 times, 70% thiophanate methyl, three kinds of reagent of 800 times of liquid spray in turn.In taking out the flower bud phase, young fruit period, fruit development period spray the insects such as preventing and treating base of a fruit moth with 30% copper oxychloride+1.8% avilamycin 1500 times+1000 times 90% metrifonate mixing of 1000 times. G timely collecting: carrying out when resting in most of fruit maturation plucking work, Maturity is advisable with 8 maturations, selects fine day dew in the morning dry rear or the cloudy day carries out. H clear garden sterilization: carry out after picking fruit and orchard cleaning work autumn and winter, combines and prunes cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves, concentrate harmless treatment, spills in setting above and ground is to reduce worm source with the lime sulfur of 0.5 Baume degrees or 600 times of liquid of 30% copper oxychloride.
' glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves ' the Fruit Cracking rate reduction after front anticracking antistaling agent processes adopted by the Fructus Litchi prepared through this example, is only (other condition is the same, does not spray the prepared Fructus Litchi of the present embodiment and adopts ' glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves ' of front anticracking antistaling agent) 50.2% of comparison; Can preserve 12 days under normal-temperature fresh-keeping (bubble chamber+ice bag, punching PE film packaging), and under low temperature (5 DEG C, relative humidity 85% ~ 90%, punching PE film packaging) 36 days can be preserved.
Embodiment 4:
For ' osmanthus taste ', Fructus Litchi is adopted front anticracking antistaling agent weigh by following weight (kilogram) component ratio, dissolve 5g salicylic acid, 50g oligochitosan (molecular weight is 5000Da), 100g calcium amino acid chelate, 4g potassium sorbate with water respectively, dissolve 1g jasmonic and 1g gibberellins with ethanol respectively; Mix each component; Add 500g Tween 80, supplement water until gained mixed liquor is 50L; Under 400 revs/min, stirring carries out normal pressure emulsifying in 15 minutes; Then at 65 DEG C, high pressure homogenize under 35MPa, it is fill after vacuum outgas under 0.075MPa in vacuum, obtains Fructus Litchi and adopt front anticracking antistaling agent.
Jasmonic 0.02g/L
Salicylic acid 0.1g/L
Oligochitosan (molecular weight is 5000) 1g/L
Gibberellins 0.02g/L
Calcium amino acid chelate 2g/L
Tween 80 10g/L
Potassium sorbate 0.08g/L
After ' osmanthus taste ' is thanked and spent, within 5 weeks, 7.5 weeks, 8.5 weeks and 9.5 weeks, spray above-mentioned Fructus Litchi respectively adopt front anticracking antistaling agent, totally 4 times; Before selecting the morning 10, Fructus Litchi is adopted front anticracking antistaling agent mist uniformly to spray in fruit and blade face to dropping liquid. Gather first 7 days and discontinue medication.
(2) strictly carry out following culture management simultaneously, to reach to promote Fructus Litchi normal growth, strengthen the purpose that the pre-preventing disease and pest of Fructus Litchi resistant to diseases and insects occurs. A applies fertilizer: apply fertilizer in good time, applying organic manure, strengthens water and fertilizer management, available fertilization compositions based on earth measurement. Note intertillage, weeding, loosening the soil promotes tree vigo(u)r healthy and strong simultaneously. B irrigates: moist rainy time it is noted that draining, want timely trickle during arid, with the soil moisture supply kept in balance. C prunes: by controlling treetop, tree crown, prunes mixed and disorderly branch, removes weak branch, the branch that is in the light of having no result, and improves orchard ventilation and penetrating light and regulates orchard microclimate, reducing the probability that disease pest occurs. D control shoot: put autumn growth, improves tree body resistant to diseases and insects; The control winter tip, eliminates disease pest nutrient source, advantageously reduces survive the winter worm source and bacterium source. The physical method control shoots such as Appropriate application girdling, spiral ring-barking. E strengthens flower and fruit: the florescence can be adopted to put peak pollination, girdling, uses the measure such as plant growth regulator and protects flower, short bear fruit, fruit retention, and fruit development early metaphase executes foliage fertilizer fruit retention 1 time in every 10 days, and soil imposes organic matter and is main fruit-promoting fertilizer 2 times. The F prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: grasp crucial Control stage, selects highly effective and safe medicament, and emphasis endangers the prevention of the pest and disease damages such as heavier peronospora tabacina, anthrax, base of a fruit moth after strengthening adopting. Young fruit period, fruit expanding period, ripe first 20 days with 72.2% general make every effort to overcome 1000 times of liquid, 80% Mancozeb 800 times, 70% thiophanate methyl, three kinds of reagent of 800 times of liquid spray in turn.In taking out the flower bud phase, young fruit period, fruit development period spray the insects such as preventing and treating base of a fruit moth with 30% copper oxychloride+1.8% avilamycin 1500 times+1000 times 90% metrifonate mixing of 1000 times. G timely collecting: carrying out when resting in most of fruit maturation plucking work, Maturity is advisable with 8 maturations, selects fine day dew in the morning dry rear or the cloudy day carries out. H clear garden sterilization: carry out after picking fruit and orchard cleaning work autumn and winter, combines and prunes cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves, concentrate harmless treatment, spills in setting above and ground is to reduce worm source with the lime sulfur of 0.5 Baume degrees or 600 times of liquid of 30% copper oxychloride.
' osmanthus taste ' Fruit Cracking rate after processed by the invention reduces, and is only the 49.1% of comparison (do not spray the prepared Fructus Litchi of the present embodiment and adopt ' the osmanthus taste ' of front anticracking antistaling agent); Can preserve 10 days under normal-temperature fresh-keeping (bubble chamber+ice bag, punching PE film packaging), and under low temperature (5 DEG C, relative humidity 85% ~ 90%, punching PE film packaging) 35 days can be preserved.
Embodiment 5:
For ' cv. Feizixiao ', Fructus Litchi is adopted front anticracking antistaling agent weigh by following weight (kilogram) component ratio, 5g salicylic acid, 100g calcium chloride, 4g potassium sorbate is dissolved respectively with water, dissolve 50g chitosan (deacetylation is 95%) with the citric acid that mass concentration is 1%, dissolve 1g (-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate and 1g gibberellins with ethanol respectively; Mix each component; Add 500g dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate, supplement water until gained mixed liquor is 50L; Under 300 revs/min, stirring carries out normal pressure emulsifying in 20 minutes; Then at 60 DEG C, high pressure homogenize under 60MPa, it is fill after vacuum outgas under 0.1MPa in vacuum, obtains Fructus Litchi and adopt front anticracking antistaling agent.
(-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate 0.02g/L
Salicylic acid 0.1g/L
Chitosan (deacetylation is 95%) 1g/L
Gibberellins 0.02g/L
Calcium chloride 2g/L
Dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate 10g/L
Potassium sorbate 0.08g/L
After ' cv. Feizixiao ' is thanked and spent, within 5 weeks, 7 weeks, about 9 weeks, spray above-mentioned Fructus Litchi respectively adopt front anticracking antistaling agent, totally 3 times; Before selecting the morning 10 of fine day, Fructus Litchi is adopted front anticracking antistaling agent mist uniformly to spray in fruit and blade face to dropping liquid. Gather first 7 days and discontinue medication.
Strictly carry out following culture management simultaneously, to reach to promote Fructus Litchi normal growth, strengthen the purpose that the pre-preventing disease and pest of Fructus Litchi resistant to diseases and insects occurs. A applies fertilizer: apply fertilizer in good time, applying organic manure, strengthens water and fertilizer management, available fertilization compositions based on earth measurement. Note intertillage, weeding, loosening the soil promotes tree vigo(u)r healthy and strong simultaneously. B irrigates: moist rainy time it is noted that draining, want timely trickle during arid, with the soil moisture supply kept in balance. C prunes: by controlling treetop, tree crown, prunes mixed and disorderly branch, removes weak branch, the branch that is in the light of having no result, and improves orchard ventilation and penetrating light and regulates orchard microclimate, reducing the probability that disease pest occurs. D control shoot: put autumn growth, improves tree body resistant to diseases and insects; The control winter tip, eliminates disease pest nutrient source, advantageously reduces survive the winter worm source and bacterium source. The physical method control shoots such as Appropriate application girdling, spiral ring-barking. E strengthens flower and fruit: the florescence can be adopted to put peak pollination, girdling, uses the measure such as plant growth regulator and protects flower, short bear fruit, fruit retention, and fruit development early metaphase executes foliage fertilizer fruit retention 1 time in every 10 days, and soil imposes organic matter and is main fruit-promoting fertilizer 2 times. The F prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: grasp crucial Control stage, selects highly effective and safe medicament, and emphasis endangers the prevention of the pest and disease damages such as heavier peronospora tabacina, anthrax, base of a fruit moth after strengthening adopting. Young fruit period, fruit expanding period, ripe first 20 days with 72.2% general make every effort to overcome 1000 times of liquid, 80% Mancozeb 800 times, 70% thiophanate methyl, three kinds of reagent of 800 times of liquid spray in turn.In taking out the flower bud phase, young fruit period, fruit development period spray the insects such as preventing and treating base of a fruit moth with 30% copper oxychloride+1.8% avilamycin 1500 times+1000 times 90% metrifonate mixing of 1000 times. G timely collecting: carrying out when resting in most of fruit maturation plucking work, Maturity is advisable with 8 maturations, selects fine day dew in the morning dry rear or the cloudy day carries out. H clear garden sterilization: carry out after picking fruit and orchard cleaning work autumn and winter, combines and prunes cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves, concentrate harmless treatment, spills in setting above and ground is to reduce worm source with the lime sulfur of 0.5 Baume degrees or 600 times of liquid of 30% copper oxychloride.
' cv. Feizixiao ' Fruit Cracking rate after processed by the invention reduces, and is only the 48.5% of comparison (do not spray the prepared Fructus Litchi of the present embodiment and adopt ' cv. Feizixiao ' of front anticracking antistaling agent); Can preserve 12 days under normal-temperature fresh-keeping (bubble chamber+ice bag, punching PE film packaging), and under low temperature (5 DEG C, relative humidity 85% ~ 90%, punching PE film packaging) 45 days can be preserved.
Embodiment 6:
For ' white sugar small-mouthed jar ', Fructus Litchi is adopted front anticracking antistaling agent weigh by following weight (kilogram) component ratio, 5g salicylic acid, 100g calcium citrate, 4g potassium sorbate is dissolved respectively with water, dissolve 50g chitosan (deacetylation is 95%) with the citric acid that mass concentration is 1%, dissolve 1g jasmonic and 1g gibberellins with ethanol respectively; Mix each component; Add 500g dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate, supplement water until gained mixed liquor is 50L; Under 150 revs/min, stirring carries out normal pressure emulsifying in 30 minutes; Then at 75 DEG C, high pressure homogenize under 20MPa, it is fill after vacuum outgas under 0.08MPa in vacuum, obtains Fructus Litchi and adopt front anticracking antistaling agent.
Jasmonic 0.02g/L
Salicylic acid 0.1g/L
Chitosan (molecular weight is 5000) 1g/L
Gibberellins 0.02g/L
Calcium citrate 2g/L
Dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate 10g/L
Potassium sorbate 0.08g/L
After ' white sugar small-mouthed jar ' is thanked and spent, within 5 weeks, 7 weeks, about 9 weeks, spray above-mentioned Fructus Litchi respectively adopt front anticracking antistaling agent, totally 4 times; Before selecting the morning 10 of fine day, Fructus Litchi is adopted front anticracking antistaling agent mist uniformly to spray in fruit and blade face to dropping liquid. Gather first 7 days and discontinue medication.
Strictly carry out following culture management simultaneously, to reach to promote Fructus Litchi normal growth, strengthen the purpose that the pre-preventing disease and pest of Fructus Litchi resistant to diseases and insects occurs. A applies fertilizer: apply fertilizer in good time, applying organic manure, strengthens water and fertilizer management, available fertilization compositions based on earth measurement. Note intertillage, weeding, loosening the soil promotes tree vigo(u)r healthy and strong simultaneously. B irrigates: moist rainy time it is noted that draining, want timely trickle during arid, with the soil moisture supply kept in balance. C prunes: by controlling treetop, tree crown, prunes mixed and disorderly branch, removes weak branch, the branch that is in the light of having no result, and improves orchard ventilation and penetrating light and regulates orchard microclimate, reducing the probability that disease pest occurs. D control shoot: put autumn growth, improves tree body resistant to diseases and insects; The control winter tip, eliminates disease pest nutrient source, advantageously reduces survive the winter worm source and bacterium source. The physical method control shoots such as Appropriate application girdling, spiral ring-barking. E strengthens flower and fruit: the florescence can be adopted to put peak pollination, girdling, uses the measure such as plant growth regulator and protects flower, short bear fruit, fruit retention, and fruit development early metaphase executes foliage fertilizer fruit retention 1 time in every 10 days, and soil imposes organic matter and is main fruit-promoting fertilizer 2 times. The F prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: grasp crucial Control stage, selects highly effective and safe medicament, and emphasis endangers the prevention of the pest and disease damages such as heavier peronospora tabacina, anthrax, base of a fruit moth after strengthening adopting. Young fruit period, fruit expanding period, ripe first 20 days with 72.2% general make every effort to overcome 1000 times of liquid, 80% Mancozeb 800 times, 70% thiophanate methyl, three kinds of reagent of 800 times of liquid spray in turn.In taking out the flower bud phase, young fruit period, fruit development period spray the insects such as preventing and treating base of a fruit moth with 30% copper oxychloride+1.8% avilamycin 1500 times+1000 times 90% metrifonate mixing of 1000 times. G timely collecting: carrying out when resting in most of fruit maturation plucking work, Maturity is advisable with 8 maturations, selects fine day dew in the morning dry rear or the cloudy day carries out. H clear garden sterilization: carry out after picking fruit and orchard cleaning work autumn and winter, combines and prunes cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves, concentrate harmless treatment, spills in setting above and ground is to reduce worm source with the lime sulfur of 0.5 Baume degrees or 600 times of liquid of 30% copper oxychloride.
' white sugar small-mouthed jar ' Fruit Cracking rate after processed by the invention reduces, and is only the 51.5% of comparison (do not spray the prepared Fructus Litchi of the present embodiment and adopt ' the white sugar small-mouthed jar ' of front anticracking antistaling agent); Can preserve 11 days under normal-temperature fresh-keeping (bubble chamber+ice bag, punching PE film packaging), and under low temperature (5 DEG C, relative humidity 85% ~ 90%, punching PE film packaging) 40 days can be preserved.
Claims (10)
1. front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by a Fructus Litchi, it is characterised in that component and the content of each component in this antistaling agent are as follows:
Jasmonic or jasmonic acid derivative 0.002 ~ 0.1g/L
Salicylic acid 0.01 ~ 1g/L
More than one 0.5 ~ 10g/L in oligochitosan and chitosan
Gibberellins 0.05 ~ 0.1g/L
Calcium salt 1 ~ 10g/L
Emulsifying agent 5 ~ 50g/L
Potassium sorbate 0.05 ~ 0.1g/L
All the other are solvent.
2. front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by a kind of Fructus Litchi according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described solvent is the one in following 5 kinds: water and ethanol; Water and citric acid; Water and acetic acid; Water, ethanol and citric acid; Water, ethanol and acetic acid.
3. front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by a kind of Fructus Litchi according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described emulsifying agent is more than one in Tween 80 and dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate; Described jasmonic acid derivative is (-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate; Described calcium salt is calcium chloride, calcium citrate, calcium amino acid chelate or calcium nitrate.
4. front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by a kind of Fructus Litchi according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the deacetylated of described chitosan is more than 90%, is dissolved in water or is dissolved in the citric acid or acetic acid that mass concentration is 1 ~ 2%, and the molecular weight of oligochitosan is 500 ~ 10000Da.
5. front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by a kind of Fructus Litchi according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the deacetylated of described chitosan is 95%, is dissolved in the citric acid that mass concentration is 1%, and the molecular weight of oligochitosan is 5000Da.
6. front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by a kind of Fructus Litchi according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, component and the content of each component in described antistaling agent is: jasmonic or (-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate 0.02g/L, salicylic acid 0.1g/L, oligochitosan or chitosan 1g/L, gibberellins 0.02g/L, calcium salt 5g/L, emulsifying agent 10g/L, potassium sorbate 0.08g/L, all the other are solvent; Described emulsifying agent is more than one in Tween 80 and dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate.
7. the method that front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by the preparation a kind of Fructus Litchi described in any one of claim 1 ~ 6, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) each component dissolved respectively except emulsifying agent with water or organic solvent, wherein (-)-methyl cis-2-pent-2'-enyl-3-oxocyclopentylacetate and gibberellins dissolve with 95 ~ 100% ethanol, and chitosan mass concentration is citric acid or the acetate dissolution of 1 ~ 2%, and all the other components are respectively with water dissolution;
2) mixing each component except emulsifying agent, then add emulsifying agent, surplus is supplemented to required mixeding liquid volume with water, stirs 10 ~ 30min, and 50 ~ 500 revs/min carry out normal pressure emulsifying, mix homogeneously, obtain mixed liquor;
3) by step 2) gained mixed liquor through 50 ~ 90 DEG C, 5 ~ 90MPa homogenizing, fill after vacuum outgas under 0.05 ~ 0.1MPa, obtain a kind of Fructus Litchi and adopt front anticracking antistaling agent.
8. the application of front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by a kind of Fructus Litchi described in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
After namely the expanding stage of Fructus Litchi is thanked and is spent 4 ~ 6 weeks, colour-change period namely thanks after spending 7 ~ 8 weeks and namely the period of maturation thanks and spend afterwards that within 8 ~ 10 weeks, spraying described Fructus Litchi respectively adopts front anticracking antistaling agent, totally 3 ~ 4 times, every minor tick 7 ~ 10 days; Before at 10 in the morning of fine day or after at 4 in afternoon, Fructus Litchi is adopted the mist of front anticracking antistaling agent and uniformly sprays in fruit and blade face to dropping liquid, within before gathering 7 ~ 10 days, discontinue medication.
9. the application of front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by a kind of Fructus Litchi according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, this application is based upon on the culture control measures basis that fertilising, irrigation, pruning, strong flower and fruit, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, timely collecting, the sterilization of clear garden are good; Emphasis is strengthened endangering heavier peronospora tabacina, anthrax and base of a fruit moth after prevention is adopted.
10. the application of front anticracking antistaling agent adopted by a kind of Fructus Litchi according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described Fructus Litchi is adopted the applicable Litchi Varieties of front cracking resistance antistaling agent and is glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves, osmanthus taste, cv. Feizixiao, white sugar small-mouthed jar, enters to give, drives gold goal, white beeswax, chicken mouth litchi, avenges bosom, Chen Zi, the red pocket glutinous, green in mirror river, both shoulders jade pocket, celestial being mother-in-law really, hangs green, crystal ball, perfume litchi and non-kernel lichee.
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