CN105655962A - Novel lightning protection device of overhead distribution line - Google Patents
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- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims 3
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种架空配电线路新型防雷装置,包括架空电力线、终端杆、高压防雷器,终端杆安装在接地网上方的地面上并且该终端杆设置于建筑物及其电力设备外部,所述终端杆顶部连接架空电力线并且此架空电力线上连接高压防雷器;此高压防雷器内部带有若干避雷绝缘子,该避雷绝缘子数量为1个、3个或至少3个;此避雷绝缘子在高压防雷器内部为并联方式连接。本发明所述的架空配电线路新型防雷装置的有益效果为:通过增设一种线路柱式可变比例钳位避雷绝缘子,有利于专用接地引下线、不会因自身故障影响送电、有故障指示便于巡视、与现有绝缘子尺寸及结构特性完全相同、可让雷电流通过、阻断工频续流、运行可靠性高。
The invention relates to a new type of lightning protection device for overhead power distribution lines, which includes an overhead power line, a terminal pole, and a high-voltage lightning protector. The terminal pole is installed on the ground above the grounding grid and the terminal pole is arranged outside the building and its power equipment. The top of the terminal pole is connected to an overhead power line and the overhead power line is connected to a high-voltage lightning arrester; the high-voltage lightning arrester has a number of lightning arresting insulators inside, and the number of lightning arresting insulators is 1, 3 or at least 3; The interior of the high-voltage surge arrester is connected in parallel. The beneficial effect of the novel lightning protection device for overhead distribution lines of the present invention is that by adding a line post-type variable-ratio clamp lightning protection insulator, it is beneficial to special grounding down conductors, and will not affect power transmission due to its own faults. There are fault indications for easy inspection, exactly the same size and structural characteristics as the existing insulators, allowing lightning current to pass through, blocking power frequency freewheeling, and high operational reliability.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及架空配电线路防雷技术,尤其涉及一种架空配电线路新型防雷装置。The invention relates to lightning protection technology for overhead power distribution lines, in particular to a novel lightning protection device for overhead power distribution lines.
背景技术Background technique
针对架空配电线路常发生雷击断线事故的问题,从而进行防范措施探讨,以求提高配电网安全运行水平。目前,架空配电线路上,现在都已广泛地应用了绝缘导线,但绝缘导线在应用过程中,也出现了一些新的问题;其中,最为突出的问题,是遭受雷击时,容易发生断线事故;据有关资料的统计,南昌经开区2008至2009年两年内,一个30平方公里的供电区域内,雷击断线事故与雷击跳闸事故约为35次,直接损失电量约为30万千瓦时,严重降低了供电可靠性,给社会带来了不良的效果,这两年里雷击断线事故率占76.2%。以上一些统计资料表明:雷击断线事故,是应用绝缘导线中最突出的一个严重问题,这引起我们的广泛注意,并积极开展对等试验研究工作,并找到许多有效的防范措施。Aiming at the problem of frequent lightning disconnection accidents on overhead distribution lines, the preventive measures are discussed in order to improve the safe operation level of distribution networks. At present, insulated wires have been widely used on overhead distribution lines, but some new problems have appeared in the application process of insulated wires; among them, the most prominent problem is that they are prone to disconnection when struck by lightning Accidents: According to relevant statistics, within two years from 2008 to 2009 in Nanchang Economic and Technological Development Zone, within a 30-square-kilometer power supply area, there were about 35 lightning disconnection accidents and lightning tripping accidents, and the direct power loss was about 300,000 kwh , seriously reduced the reliability of power supply, and brought adverse effects to the society. In the past two years, the accident rate of lightning strike disconnection accounted for 76.2%. Some of the above statistical data show that the lightning strike disconnection accident is the most prominent serious problem in the application of insulated wires. This has attracted our extensive attention, and we have actively carried out peer-to-peer experimental research and found many effective preventive measures.
发生雷击断线事故的主要原因为:①电网雷电过电压闪络,亦即大气压或高于大气压中大电流放电,为电弧放电形式;②雷电过电压闪络时,瞬间电弧电流很大、但时间很短;③当雷电过电压闪络,特别是在两相或三相之间闪络而形成金属性短路通道,引起数千安培工频续流,电弧能量将骤增。The main causes of lightning disconnection accidents are as follows: ①Lightning overvoltage flashover of the power grid, that is, large current discharge in atmospheric pressure or higher than atmospheric pressure, which is in the form of arc discharge; ②When lightning overvoltage flashover occurs, the instantaneous arc current is very large, but The time is very short; ③When the lightning overvoltage flashover, especially between two phases or three phases, a metallic short-circuit channel is formed, causing thousands of amperes of continuous current, and the arc energy will increase suddenly.
当雷击架空绝缘线路产生巨大雷电过电压,当它超过导线绝缘层的耐压水平时就会沿导线寻找电场最薄弱点将导线的绝缘层击穿(通常在绝缘子两端30公分范围内),形成针孔大小的击穿点,然后对绝缘子沿面放电形成闪络,最后工频电弧向绝缘子根部的金属发展后形成金属性短路通道,工频电弧固定在一点燃烧后熔断导线;当雷击架空裸导线产生巨大雷电过电压时,就会沿导线寻找电场最薄弱点的绝缘子沿面放电形成闪络,最后工频电弧向绝缘子根部的金属发展后形成金属性短路通道,引发线路跳闸事故。When the lightning strikes the overhead insulated line to generate a huge lightning overvoltage, when it exceeds the withstand voltage level of the wire insulation layer, it will find the weakest point of the electric field along the wire to break down the insulation layer of the wire (usually within 30 cm at both ends of the insulator), A pinhole-sized breakdown point is formed, and then the insulator is discharged along the surface to form a flashover. Finally, the power-frequency arc develops to the metal at the root of the insulator and forms a metallic short-circuit channel. The power-frequency arc is fixed at one point and burns to fuse the wire; When a huge lightning overvoltage occurs on the wire, the insulator along the wire looking for the weakest point in the electric field will discharge along the surface to form a flashover. Finally, the power frequency arc develops to the metal at the root of the insulator and forms a metallic short circuit channel, causing a line tripping accident.
本需要重点指出的是,按照常规原理,需要进行几个方面的分析:What needs to be pointed out here is that according to conventional principles, several aspects of analysis are required:
避雷绝缘子的保护原理和保护范围,即开展理论计算和验证试验,确定电压钳位的比例参数;雷电沿绝缘导线及避雷绝缘子的活动路径和击穿规律,避雷绝缘子用于裸导线与绝缘导线的区别;避雷器与绝缘子组合、结构方式,通过验证试验,确认非线性钳位元件装在高压侧和装在接地侧的区别;据非线性钳位元件的破坏基理,研制新型热敏感爆发型元件,在非线性钳位元件损坏时动作,并有一明显的标志,可方便地查找故障点;研究不同材料的热膨胀系数,并使之能在严酷的自然条件下,膨胀系数互相得到补尝;研究避雷绝缘子的最佳密封结构和密封方式;研究绝缘导线和裸导线在避雷绝缘子上不同固定方式的区别;绝缘导线上人为制造薄弱点与雷电自然击穿点的规律;避雷绝缘子不同安装方式雷电活动路径的影响;不同接地方式,不同接地电阻下,避雷绝缘子的过电压保护性能影响规律。The protection principle and protection range of lightning insulators, that is, to carry out theoretical calculations and verification tests, determine the proportional parameters of voltage clamping; The difference; the combination and structure of the arrester and insulator, through the verification test, confirm the difference between the nonlinear clamping element installed on the high voltage side and the grounding side; according to the destruction principle of the nonlinear clamping element, develop a new type of thermally sensitive explosive element, It acts when the nonlinear clamping element is damaged, and has an obvious sign, which can easily find the fault point; study the thermal expansion coefficient of different materials, and make it possible to compensate each other under harsh natural conditions; study lightning protection The optimal sealing structure and sealing method of insulators; study the difference between different fixing methods of insulated wires and bare wires on lightning insulators; the law of man-made weak points on insulated wires and the natural breakdown point of lightning; lightning activity paths in different installation methods of lightning insulators The impact of different grounding methods and different grounding resistances on the overvoltage protection performance of lightning insulators.
避雷绝缘子是一种全新概念的配电线路防雷装置,它将避雷器与绝缘子组合为一体,顺应了国际配电线路全线防雷的大趋势。为此我们结合上述问题,可广泛应用于35kV及以下电压等级的电力系统架空绝缘导线及裸导线线路防雷,也可用于保护配电变压器。因此,针对以上方面,需要对现有技术进行有效创新。The lightning protection insulator is a new concept lightning protection device for distribution lines. It combines lightning arresters and insulators into one, which conforms to the general trend of lightning protection for international distribution lines. For this reason, we combine the above problems, and can be widely used in the lightning protection of overhead insulated conductors and bare conductor lines of power systems with voltage levels of 35kV and below, and can also be used to protect distribution transformers. Therefore, in view of the above aspects, it is necessary to effectively innovate the prior art.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对以上缺陷,本发明提供一种不会因自身故障影响送电、有故障指示便于巡视、与现有绝缘子尺寸及结构特性完全相同、可让雷电流通过、阻断工频续流、运行可靠性高的架空配电线路新型防雷装置,以解决现有技术的诸多不足。In view of the above defects, the present invention provides an insulator that will not affect power transmission due to its own faults, has fault indications for easy inspection, is exactly the same size and structural characteristics as existing insulators, allows lightning current to pass through, blocks power frequency freewheeling, and operates reliably. A new type of lightning protection device for overhead distribution lines with high reliability to solve many deficiencies in the existing technology.
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种架空配电线路新型防雷装置,包括架空电力线、终端杆、高压防雷器,终端杆安装在接地网上方的地面上并且该终端杆设置于建筑物及其电力设备外部,所述终端杆顶部连接架空电力线并且此架空电力线上连接高压防雷器;A new type of lightning protection device for overhead power distribution lines, including overhead power lines, terminal poles, and high-voltage lightning protection devices. The terminal pole is installed on the ground above the grounding grid and the terminal pole is arranged outside the building and its power equipment. The terminal The top of the pole is connected to an overhead power line and the overhead power line is connected to a high-voltage lightning arrester;
此高压防雷器内部带有若干避雷绝缘子,该避雷绝缘子数量为1个、3个或至少3个;此避雷绝缘子在高压防雷器内部为并联方式连接。There are several lightning insulators inside the high-voltage lightning arrester, the number of which is 1, 3 or at least 3; the lightning insulators are connected in parallel inside the high-voltage lightning arrester.
所述建筑物及其电力设备外围增设铁塔,所述铁塔顶端安装接闪器,在铁塔上带有天线。An iron tower is added around the building and its power equipment, and a lightning receptor is installed on the top of the iron tower, and an antenna is provided on the iron tower.
所述避雷绝缘子为线路柱式可变比例钳位型,终端杆底部的地面电线上安装氧化锌避雷器。The lightning insulator is a line column variable ratio clamp type, and a zinc oxide arrester is installed on the ground wire at the bottom of the terminal pole.
本发明所述的架空配电线路新型防雷装置的有益效果为:The beneficial effects of the novel lightning protection device for overhead distribution lines of the present invention are:
(1)通过增设一种线路柱式可变比例钳位避雷绝缘子,有利于专用接地引下线、不会因自身故障影响送电、有故障指示便于巡视、与现有绝缘子尺寸及结构特性完全相同、可让雷电流通过、阻断工频续流、运行可靠性高;(1) By adding a line post-type variable ratio clamp lightning protection insulator, it is beneficial to the special grounding down-conductor, will not affect the power transmission due to its own fault, and the fault indication is convenient for inspection, and it is completely consistent with the size and structural characteristics of the existing insulators. The same, allowing lightning current to pass through, blocking power frequency freewheeling, and high operational reliability;
(2)可消除雷害带来的四大问题,做到雷击不跳闸、绝缘不击穿、线路不烧损、导线不断线,确保安全可靠供电,为配电线路智能化、不间断供电提供安全保证;(2) It can eliminate the four major problems caused by lightning damage, so that lightning does not trip, insulation does not break down, lines do not burn out, and wires are not disconnected, ensuring safe and reliable power supply, providing intelligent and uninterrupted power supply for distribution lines. F;
(3)减少年度预试,便于发现故障点,减少查找故障和停电时间;(3) Reduce the annual pre-test, facilitate the discovery of fault points, and reduce the time to find faults and power outages;
(4)通过拓展,再次配置,可带电作业,撤除和安装避雷绝缘子,现有附加式的配电线路防雷装置,并在绝缘子边上,因与绝缘子有电位差,大多可带电装而不能带电拆,避雷绝缘子因结构设计为一体,没有电位差,可带电拆装,减少停电时间,增加售电量,适应带电作业的潮流;(4) Through expansion and reconfiguration, live work can be carried out, and lightning protection insulators can be removed and installed. There is an additional lightning protection device for distribution lines, and it is on the side of the insulator. Because there is a potential difference with the insulator, most of them can be charged but not installed. Live dismantling and lightning protection insulators are designed as a whole because of the integrated structure, there is no potential difference, and they can be disassembled when live, reducing power outage time, increasing electricity sales, and adapting to the trend of live work;
(5)避雷绝缘子因自我钳位,自我保护,不需专用接地引下线,与现有防雷模式相比,绝缘子附加防雷装置、接地装置相比,安装简单、快捷、可靠性高,总费用下降1/2强。(5) The lightning protection insulator is self-clamping and self-protecting, and does not require a special grounding down-conductor. Compared with the existing lightning protection mode, the installation of the insulator with additional lightning protection devices and grounding devices is simple, fast, and highly reliable. Total cost dropped by 1/2 strong.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面根据附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below according to the accompanying drawings.
图1是本发明实施例所述架空配电线路新型防雷装置的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a novel lightning protection device for an overhead power distribution line according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例所述架空配电线路新型防雷装置的部分电路示意图。Fig. 2 is a partial circuit schematic diagram of the novel lightning protection device for overhead distribution lines according to the embodiment of the present invention.
图中:In the picture:
1、架空电力线;2、终端杆;3、避雷绝缘子;4、高压防雷器;5、氧化锌避雷器;6、建筑物及其电力设备;7、铁塔;8、天线;9、接地网;10、接闪器。1. Overhead power lines; 2. Terminal rods; 3. Lightning insulators; 4. High-voltage lightning arresters; 5. Zinc oxide arresters; 6. Buildings and their electrical equipment; 7. Iron towers; 8. Antennas; 10. Lightning receptors.
具体实施方式detailed description
如图1-2所示,本发明实施例所述的架空配电线路新型防雷装置,包括架空电力线1、终端杆2、高压防雷器4,所述终端杆2安装在接地网9上方的地面上并且该终端杆2设置于建筑物及其电力设备6外部,同时,在建筑物及其电力设备6外围增设铁塔7;As shown in Figures 1-2, the new lightning protection device for overhead distribution lines described in the embodiment of the present invention includes an overhead power line 1, a terminal pole 2, and a high-voltage lightning protector 4, and the terminal pole 2 is installed above the grounding grid 9 and the terminal pole 2 is arranged outside the building and its power equipment 6, and at the same time, an iron tower 7 is added on the periphery of the building and its power equipment 6;
相应地,所述终端杆2顶部连接架空电力线1并且此架空电力线1上连接高压防雷器4,需要重点指出的是,此高压防雷器4内部带有若干避雷绝缘子3,该避雷绝缘子3为线路柱式可变比例钳位型并且其数量可为1个、3个或至少3个,此避雷绝缘子3在高压防雷器4内部为并联方式连接;避雷绝缘子3因自我钳位,自我保护,不需专用接地引下线,与现有防雷模式相比,绝缘子附加防雷装置、接地装置相比,安装简单、快捷、可靠性高,总费用下降1/2强。Correspondingly, the top of the terminal pole 2 is connected to the overhead power line 1 and the overhead power line 1 is connected to the high-voltage lightning arrester 4. It is a line column type variable ratio clamping type and its quantity can be 1, 3 or at least 3. The lightning insulator 3 is connected in parallel inside the high voltage lightning arrester 4; the lightning insulator 3 is self-clamping, self-clamping Compared with the existing lightning protection mode, the additional lightning protection device and grounding device for the insulator are simple, fast and reliable to install, and the total cost is reduced by 1/2.
相应地,所述终端杆2底部的地面电线上安装氧化锌避雷器5,所述铁塔7顶端安装接闪器10,在铁塔7上带有天线8。Correspondingly, a zinc oxide lightning arrester 5 is installed on the ground wire at the bottom of the terminal pole 2 , a lightning receptor 10 is installed at the top of the iron tower 7 , and an antenna 8 is installed on the iron tower 7 .
上述对实施例的描述是为了便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能够理解和应用本案技术,熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可轻易对这些实例做出各种修改,因此,本案不限于以上实施例,本领域的技术人员根据本案的揭示,对于本案做出的改进和修改都应该在本案的保护范围内。The above-mentioned description of the embodiments is for those of ordinary skill in the technical field to be able to understand and apply the technology of this case. Those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these examples. Therefore, this case is not limited to the above embodiments. Based on the disclosure of this case, those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications to this case within the scope of protection of this case.
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CN108711684A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-26 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of electric force pole tower shared system |
CN111144010A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-12 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Lightning equipment configuration simulation model modeling method and device |
CN111525436A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-08-11 | 大唐水电科学技术研究院有限公司 | Lightning invasion wave prevention and control method for 500kV booster station of power plant |
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CN108711684B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2020-02-28 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A power tower sharing system |
CN111144010A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-12 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Lightning equipment configuration simulation model modeling method and device |
CN111525436A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-08-11 | 大唐水电科学技术研究院有限公司 | Lightning invasion wave prevention and control method for 500kV booster station of power plant |
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