CN105653441B - A kind of UI traversal test methods and system - Google Patents
A kind of UI traversal test methods and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105653441B CN105653441B CN201410677175.6A CN201410677175A CN105653441B CN 105653441 B CN105653441 B CN 105653441B CN 201410677175 A CN201410677175 A CN 201410677175A CN 105653441 B CN105653441 B CN 105653441B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of UI to travel through test method, and the method includes：The tested application of step 101) parsing, which obtains being tested, applies included UI elements, and UI element sets are built based on obtained UI elements；Step 102) real-time detection simultaneously triggers the UI elements in the tested UI interfaces applied, and then UI traversal tests are carried out to the UI elements that detection obtains；Wherein, as soon as often triggering a UI elements, the state of UI elements is changed in UI element sets accordingly.The present invention provides a kind of UI traversal test methods and systems, by parsing tested application, structure UI element sets, while real-time detection and triggering the tested UI elements using in UI interfaces, and carry out UI traversals and test.The relational tree between UI interfaces and UI elements is built simultaneously, so as to position the path of UI elements.UI traversal test systems is enabled to carry out trigger action to all UI elements according to path.The present invention keeps the validity and coverage rate that UI is traveled through simultaneously, reduces labor workload, improves the efficiency of test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to application software testing fields, are related specifically to a kind of UI traversal test methods and system.
Background technology
Intelligent electronic product has become the trend of electronic product development.Various smart electronics products, for example, tablet is electric
Brain, smart mobile phone, wearable device etc., have been flooded with daily life.Popular numerous different brands, no in the market
Same ardware model number, different operating system, the intelligent electronic product of different sizes.It is very big that various species allows people to have
Choice, while also many problems of band.For example, some is applied, because the operating system version of intellectual product is different,
The effect that UI interfaces are presented on different devices is also different.The difference that effect is presented is typically negative results, for example, applying at certain
The full frame normal display of energy in money equipment, and can not be displayed in full screen in another money equipment.In order to solve these problems, apply just
It usually requires to do the test of some suitabilities before formula issue, and the suitability of UI (user interface, i.e. user interface) is tested
It is then the most important thing.At present, the suitability test of UI has 3 kinds of methods：1. recording and playback method first manually performs in certain equipment
A time test script, by recording software, by manual testing's script be converted into can automated execution software test script.Then it is sharp
With software test script suitability test is carried out in other various types of equipment.The advantage of such method is, manually holds
After time script of row, completion that remaining step can automate, but the disadvantage is that, the rule for recording script is more inflexible, record
Playback method processed is unsatisfactory for the adaptation test of the equipment of different screen size, for example, in the screen equipment of 4 inches of sizes
On, manually-operated action is the UI element E in click coordinate (200,120), but in 5 inches or the screen equipment of bigger
On, may there is no UI elements either others UI elements, therefore, the software test script after conversion on coordinate (200,120)
When performing this action, obtained result is not as expected.2. random test method, random test method is performed at random by test program
Some test actions trigger the UI elements of application.The method is easy to operate, still, because being random test, does not plan, surveys
The validity and coverage rate of examination is not high.A kind of last method compares conventional normal, and step is that analysis detailed first is tested
Using the collection of UI elements, UI interfaces etc. information is complete, and analysis draws the relational tree entirely applied；Relation according to application
Tree, to write test script.This method testing is efficient and coverage rate is very high, but needs to do substantial amounts of work in advance
Make, compare and take time and effort.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention in order to overcome the problems referred above, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of UI to travel through test method
With system.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides a kind of UI to travel through test method, and the method includes：
The tested application of step 101) parsing, which obtains being tested, applies included UI elements, is built and closed based on obtained UI elements
In the UI element sets of this application, and the initial characteristics state value of UI elements is set；
Step 102)
Real-time detection simultaneously triggers the UI elements in the tested UI interfaces applied, and then carries out UI to the UI elements that detection obtains
Traversal test；
As soon as often triggering a UI elements, corresponding UI elemental characteristics initial value is revised as " triggering ", until UI elements
The state of all elements all becomes " triggering " in set, that is, completes traversal test；
Wherein, same UI elements can be triggered repeatedly.
Optionally, above-mentioned steps 101) it also includes before：Tested software is converted into can be compiled, read-write file format
The step of.
Further alternative, above-mentioned steps 101 further include following sub-step:
Step 101-1) the tested application of parsing, it is employed included UI elements, the type of wherein UI elements includes：
Button, text box, check box, hyperlink or combobox；
Step 101-2) all kinds of UI elements are respectively labeled as by E1, E2, E3... according to the type of UI elements ... En, and structure
Into UI element sets L={ E1, E2, E3...En }；
Step 101-3) using UI elements all in two setup measures UI element sets, wherein the first option index is used
In the state for recording each UI elements and having triggered or not triggered, the second option index is for recording the UI interfaces Px of triggering；
Wherein, in initial phase, all UI elements are arranged to：It does not trigger, Px is sky.
Above-mentioned steps 102) be specially：Real-time detection is tested the UI elements in the UI interfaces of application；UI interfaces are built with visiting
Relational tree between the UI elements measured, and then position the path of UI elements；According to the path of UI elements to all UI elements
Carry out trigger action.
The present invention also provides a kind of UI to travel through test system, the system comprises：
Information analysis module for parsing tested application, and extracts the UI element informations in application, wherein the UI members
Prime information includes：Element type, element position, element ID, element term or URL；
UI interfaces detecting module is employed UI elements included in current runnable interface for real-time detection；
Data recordin module, for recording UI element sets and each UI elementary states information in set that detection obtains,
Described in status information include：Information relevant with current interface and the triggering state relevant information with UI elements；
Spider module for triggering the UI elements in non-triggering state, and then does not trigger the progress time of UI elements to all
It goes through.
Compared with prior art, the technical advantages of the present invention are that：
UI traversal test methods provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by parsing tested application, build UI element sets with system
It closes, while real-time detection and the tested UI elements using in UI interfaces of triggering, and carry out UI traversal tests.And the present invention is implemented
Relational tree between example structure UI interfaces and UI elements, so as to position the path of UI elements.So that UI travels through test system
Can trigger action be carried out to all UI elements according to path.As soon as a UI elements are often triggered, accordingly in UI element sets
The state of modification UI elements is to have triggered.Some UI is triggered so as to avoid the repeated trigger to same a UI elements or omission
Element.The present invention reduces labor workload, improves the effect of test while the validity and coverage rate of UI traversals is kept
Rate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the UI that the embodiment of the present invention one provides travels through test method flow chart；
Fig. 2 is UI provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention traversal test system schematics.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
All other embodiments obtained without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The present invention provides a kind of UI traversals test method, the described method includes：
Step 1, tested software is converted into required form；
Step 2, the tested application of parsing, the UI elements for being applied included, UI element types include：Button, text box,
Check box, hyperlink, combobox etc., mark UI elements are E1, E2, E3... ... En, and form UI element sets L=E1,
E2, E3...En }, while the state of all UI elements in set is set, the state of each element includes two options, the 1st option
To have triggered/not triggered, the 2nd option is the UI interfaces Px of triggering, and in original state, all elements state is all (not trigger, Px
Equal to sky)；
Step 3, real-time detection is tested the UI elements in the UI interfaces of application；The UI elements that structure UI interfaces are obtained with detection
Between relational tree, and then position UI elements path；Trigger action is carried out to all UI elements according to the path of UI elements.
Above-mentioned step 3) of stating further includes following sub-step：
Step 3-1 starts application, UI elements included in the current UI interfaces of real-time detection, the UI elements being detected out
UI element set L should be belonged to, while mark current UI interfaces as P1, by the UI elements in current interface and current UI interfaces P1
Form mapping relations；
Step 3-2, it is the UI elements not triggered to randomly choose and trigger a state, and enters new UI interfaces, this
When, it is to have triggered by the status modifier for the UI elements being triggered；
Step 3-3, the UI interfaces that real-time detection newly enters again mark new UI interfaces as P2, meanwhile, modification is triggered
UI elementary states for Px=P2, and the UI elements in the P2 of UI interfaces and P2 are formed into mapping relations, and randomly choose triggering UI
A state is the UI elements not triggered in the P2 of interface, while the UI elementary states being triggered are labeled as having triggered；
Step 3-4 repeats step 3-2 and 3-3, until can not be entered by triggering UI elements in new UI interfaces, this
When, by the mapping between UI interfaces before and UI elements, the relational tree drawn between UI interfaces and UI elements can be analyzed；
Step 3-5 repeats step 3-1 to 3-4, and the position of UI elements is positioned using the relational tree of UI interfaces and UI elements,
The UI elements not being triggered are triggered successively, until the state of all UI elements in UI element sets L is all modified to touch
Hair.
The above method can be according to different types of UI elements, and using different triggering methods, for example, text box, meeting is automatic
The character of certain length is inputted in text box, and is submitted.The above method is that currently running UI circle is applied in real-time detection
Which UI element included in face.
For ease of being understood in real time of the invention, it is further explained below in conjunction with attached drawing with specific embodiment
Bright, embodiment does not form the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment one
The UI traversal test methods that embodiment one that the present invention will be described in detail by taking Fig. 1 as an example below provides, Fig. 1 are real for the present invention
The UI traversal test method flow charts of the offer of example one are applied, in embodiments of the present invention, the subject of implementation for performing following step is UI
Travel through test system.As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment specifically includes following steps：
Step 101, tested software is converted into the file format needed for auditing system first；For example, by android's
Apk application software carries out decompiling.
Step 102, the apk application software after decompiling is parsed, apk is extracted from the files such as Manifest
Comprising whole UI elements, composition UI element sets L.Element in UI element sets is numbered (it is assumed that the present embodiment
In tested apk have 15 UI elements, E1, E2, E3... ... E15).The state of all UI elements in set is set simultaneously, each
The state of element includes two options, and the 1st option is has triggered/do not triggered, and the 2nd option is the UI interfaces Px of triggering, initial
State, all elements state are all (not triggering, Px is equal to sky).
Step 103, application, UI elements included in the current UI interfaces of real-time detection, the UI elements being detected out are started
UI element sets L should be belonged to, it is assumed that comprising UI elements be E1, E2, E3, E4 in this interface, while mark the current UI interfaces to be
UI elements in current interface and current UI interfaces P1 are formed mapping relations P1 { E1, E2, E3, E4 } by P1；
Step 104, it is the UI elements not triggered to randomly choose and trigger a state, it is assumed that has selected element E1, has gone forward side by side
Enter to new UI interfaces, at this point, the state of E1 is modified to trigger, E2, E3 etc., which are still, not to be triggered；
Step 105, the UI interfaces that real-time detection newly enters again mark new UI interfaces as P2, meanwhile, modification is triggered
UI element E1 states for Px=P2, and the UI elements in the P2 of UI interfaces and P2 are formed into mapping relations, and randomly choose triggering
A state is the UI elements not triggered in the P2 of UI interfaces, it is assumed that selection E5, while be to have triggered by E5 status indications；
Step 106, step 104 and 105 is repeated, until can not be entered by triggering UI elements in new UI interfaces, this
When, by the mapping between UI interfaces before and UI elements, the relational tree drawn between UI interfaces and UI elements can be analyzed,
For example, P1 { E1 (has been triggered, P2), E2, E3, E4 }, P2 { E2, E5 (have been triggered, P3), E6 }；
Step 107, step 103 to 107 is repeated, the position of UI elements is positioned using the relational tree of UI interfaces and UI elements,
The UI elements not being triggered are triggered successively, in above-mentioned steps, E2 and E6 is not triggered in the P2 of UI interfaces, if it is desired to again
Into P2, then need to trigger UI elements E1 again.Normal conditions, each UI elements only allow to be triggered once, but in step
In 107, UI traversal test system meeting adjustable strategies, the element being triggered can be again triggered, has been triggered using these
Element into UI interfaces is specified to remove the element that does not trigger of operation.Until the state of all UI elements in UI element sets L is whole
It is modified to trigger.
Embodiment two
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention two additionally provides a kind of UI traversals test system, to realize that the foregoing present invention is implemented
UI traversal test methods in example one.
Fig. 2 is a kind of UI traversals test system schematic provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, the system bag
Include following functions module：
Software format conversion module 201, for tested software to be converted to required form；
Information analysis module 202 is applied for parsing, and extracts the UI element informations in application；The wherein described UI members
Prime information includes：Element type, element position, element ID, element term or URL；
UI interfaces detecting module 203 applies UI elements included in current runnable interface for real-time detection；
Data recordin module 204, comprising UI element set databases, for recording the UI element sets of current tested application
The information such as conjunction, UI elementary states；
Spider module 205 for triggering UI elements, carries out UI traversals.
In conclusion the UI elements in the UI interfaces that the present invention is presented when being tested application operation by real-time detection, and
UI elements are triggered into new UI interfaces, and the UI traversals automated, while for different types of UI elements, and use
Different triggering mode.While the validity and coverage rate of UI traversals is kept, reduce labor workload, improve survey
The efficiency of examination.
The foregoing is merely the specific embodiment of the present invention, are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, this
Field it will be appreciated by the skilled person that on the premise of inventive principle is not departed from, modify to technical scheme or
Person's equivalent substitution without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all cover in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of UI travels through test method, the method includes：
The tested application of step 101) parsing, which obtains being tested, applies included UI elements, is built based on obtained UI elements on this
The UI element sets of application, and the significant condition initial value of UI elements is set；
The step 101) further includes following sub-step：
Step 101-1) the tested application of parsing, it obtains being tested and applies included UI elements, the type of wherein UI elements includes：It presses
Button, text box, check box, hyperlink or combobox；
Step 101-2) En that all kinds of UI elements is respectively labeled as by E1, E2, E3... according to the type of UI elements ..., and form UI
Element set L={ E1, E2, E3...En }；
Step 101-3) using the state of UI elements all in two setup measures UI element sets, wherein the first option index
For recording the state that each UI elements have been triggered or do not triggered, the UI interfaces Px that the second option index triggers for record；
Wherein, all UI elemental characteristics state initial values are arranged to：It does not trigger, Px is sky；
Step 102) real-time detection simultaneously triggers the UI elements in the UI interfaces of tested application, so to the UI elements that detection obtains into
Row UI traversal tests；
As soon as often triggering a UI elements, corresponding UI elemental characteristics state initial value is revised as " triggering ", until UI elements
The state of all elements all becomes " triggering " in set, that is, completes traversal test；
Wherein, same UI elements can be triggered repeatedly；
The step 102) further includes following sub-step：
Step 102-1) start application, UI elements included in the current UI interfaces of real-time detection, and the UI elements being detected out
UI element sets should be belonged to；Current UI interfaces are marked simultaneously as P1, by the UI elements in current interface and current UI interfaces P1
Form mapping relations；
Step 102-2) to randomly choose and trigger a state be the UI elements that do not trigger, and enters new UI interfaces, and will
The status modifier of the UI elements triggered at this time is to have triggered；
Step 102-3) real-time detection newly enters again UI interfaces, new UI interfaces are marked as P2, meanwhile, change what is be triggered
The UI interfaces Px=P2 of second option index of UI elementary states, and the UI elements in the P2 of UI interfaces and P2 are formed into mapping and closed
System, and it is the UI elements not triggered to randomly choose a state in triggering UI interface P2, while the UI elementary states that will be triggered
Labeled as having triggered；
Step 102-4) repeat step 102-2) to 103-3), until new UI interfaces can not be entered by triggering UI elements
In, at this time by the mapping between UI interfaces before and UI elements, analysis draws the relational tree between UI interfaces and UI elements；
Step 102-5) repeat step 102-1) to 102-4), utilize UI interfaces and the position of the relational tree positioning UI elements of UI elements
It puts, the UI elements not being triggered is triggered successively, until the state of all UI elements in UI element sets is all modified to
Triggering.
2. UI according to claim 1 travels through test method, which is characterized in that
It is also included before the step 101)：Tested application is converted into can be compiled, read-write file format the step of.
3. UI travels through test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 102) is specially：Real-time detection
UI elements in the UI interfaces of tested application；Relational tree between the UI elements that structure UI interfaces and detection obtain, and then position
The path of UI elements；Trigger action is carried out to all UI elements according to the path of UI elements.
4. UI travels through test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that selects to trigger respectively according to the type of UI elements
Method.
5. UI travels through test method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that when the type of UI elements is text box, touches
Originating party formula is：Automatically the character of certain length is inputted in text box, and is submitted.
6. a kind of UI travels through test system, which is characterized in that the system comprises：
Information analysis module for parsing tested application, and extracts the UI element informations in application, wherein the UI elements letter
Breath includes：Element type, element position, element ID, element term or URL；
Described information parsing module performs following sub-step：
Step 101-1) the tested application of parsing, it obtains being tested and applies included UI elements, the type of wherein UI elements includes：It presses
Button, text box, check box, hyperlink or combobox；
Step 101-2) En that all kinds of UI elements is respectively labeled as by E1, E2, E3... according to the type of UI elements ..., and form UI
Element set L={ E1, E2, E3...En }；
Step 101-3) using the state of UI elements all in two setup measures UI element sets, wherein the first option index
For recording the state that each UI elements have been triggered or do not triggered, the UI interfaces Px that the second option index triggers for record；
Wherein, all UI elemental characteristics state initial values are arranged to：It does not trigger, Px is sky；
UI interfaces detecting module is tested for real-time detection using UI elements included in current runnable interface；
Data recordin module, for recording UI element sets and each UI elementary states information, wherein institute in set that detection obtains
Status information is stated to include：Information relevant with current interface and the triggering state relevant information with UI elements；
Spider module for triggering the UI elements in non-triggering state, and then travels through all UI elements that do not trigger；
UI interfaces detecting module performs following sub-step：
Step 102-1) start application, UI elements included in the current UI interfaces of real-time detection, and the UI elements being detected out
UI element sets should be belonged to；Current UI interfaces are marked simultaneously as P1, by the UI elements in current interface and current UI interfaces P1
Form mapping relations；
Step 102-2) to randomly choose and trigger a state be the UI elements that do not trigger, and enters new UI interfaces, and will
The status modifier of the UI elements triggered at this time is to have triggered；
Step 102-3) real-time detection newly enters again UI interfaces, new UI interfaces are marked as P2, meanwhile, change what is be triggered
The UI interfaces Px=P2 of second option index of UI elementary states, and the UI elements in the P2 of UI interfaces and P2 are formed into mapping and closed
System, and it is the UI elements not triggered to randomly choose a state in triggering UI interface P2, while the UI elementary states that will be triggered
Labeled as having triggered；
Step 102-4) repeat step 102-2) to 103-3), until new UI interfaces can not be entered by triggering UI elements
In, at this time by the mapping between UI interfaces before and UI elements, analysis draws the relational tree between UI interfaces and UI elements；
Step 102-5) repeat step 102-1) to 102-4), utilize UI interfaces and the position of the relational tree positioning UI elements of UI elements
It puts, the UI elements not being triggered is triggered successively, until the state of all UI elements in UI element sets is all modified to
Triggering.
7. UI according to claim 6 travels through test system, which is characterized in that the system also includes：Software format turns
Change module, for tested application to be converted to required form.
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| CN106528412B (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2019-01-08 | 南京大学 | A kind of related gesture dispensing test frame of Android application |
| US10783061B2 (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2020-09-22 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Reducing likelihood of cycles in user interface testing |
| CN109634492A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-04-16 | 中国平安人寿保险股份有限公司 | Combobox designated value input method, device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN113032268B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-02-22 | 深圳市腾讯信息技术有限公司 | Software testing method, device and storage medium |
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