CN105648305A - High-strength gray cast iron material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength gray cast iron material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105648305A CN105648305A CN201610239810.1A CN201610239810A CN105648305A CN 105648305 A CN105648305 A CN 105648305A CN 201610239810 A CN201610239810 A CN 201610239810A CN 105648305 A CN105648305 A CN 105648305A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength gray cast iron material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of metal materials. The high-strength gray cast iron material is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 2.5-3.0% of carbon, 1.0-1.5% of silicon, 0.8-1.2% of manganese, 0.1-0.2% of phosphorus, 0.04-0.06% of sulfur and the balance of pure iron, totaling 100%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the percentage by mass; adding scrap steel and a carburizing agent; adding Q10 pig iron, brake shoe waste and foundry return, and refining; adding 75 manganese iron; and adding 75 silicon iron, thereby obtaining the high-strength gray cast iron. The high-strength gray cast iron material disclosed by the invention solves the problems of low abrasion strength, low hardness, low tensile strength and low cuttability in the gray cast iron in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of metal, relate to a kind of high-strength gray cast iron material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The patent of invention of application number CN200510016878.5 relates to a kind of novel micro alloyed high strength grey cast iron. It is designed by optimized alloy composition, adds the elements such as V, N and carries out microalloy treatment, and final acquisition has the novel micro alloyed high strength grey cast iron of excellent tensile property and processing characteristics. Its weight percent composition is: C:2.92%��3.48%; Si:1.52%��2.36%; Mn:0.22%��0.78%; P:0.011%��0.048%; S:0.03%��0.15%; Cr:0.15%��0.50%; Cu:0.3%��0.78%; Sn:0.011%��0.098%; V:0��0.100%; N:0��0.100%. This invention breaches and adds, for raising intensity, the problem that the element such as molybdenum, nickel carries out alloying in the world at present. But the difficulty that grey iron adds N is big; Although take to add the elements such as V, Cu, Sn, but the intensity to raising material is also limited; And adding Cr, Cr is heavy metal, sexavalence Cr is very big to the harm of environment and human body.
Grey cast-iron is applied on numerical control machine slide rail, slide rail, and the wear-resisting intensity of existing grey cast-iron is low, and hardness is low, and hardness is generally 180-190HB, and tensile strength is low, and tensile strength is generally about 200-300Mpa, not easily cuts.
Summary of the invention
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of high-strength gray cast iron material, solves the wear-resisting intensity of grey cast-iron in prior art low, and hardness is low, and tensile strength is low, not free machining problem.
The preparation method that it is another object of the invention to provide a kind of high-strength gray cast iron material.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of high-strength gray cast iron material, it is made up of following mass percent, carbon 2.5%-3.0%, silicon 1.0%-1.5%, manganese 0.8%-1.2%, phosphorus 0.1%-0.2%, sulfur 0.04%-0.06%, all the other are pure iron, and the mass percent summation of above each composition is 100%.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is, the preparation method of a kind of high-strength gray cast iron material specifically carries out according to following steps:
Step 1, weighs raw material:
According to following mass percent: carbon 2.5%-3.0%, silicon 1.0%-1.5%, manganese 0.8%-1.2%, phosphorus 0.1%-0.2%, sulfur 0.04%-0.06%, all the other are pure iron, weigh the Q10 pig iron, steel scrap, foundry returns, brake shoe waste material, electrode graphite, 75 ferrosilicon, 75 ferromanganese respectively;
Step 2, adds steel scrap and carburant:
First add the steel scrap weighed in electric furnace, power transmission melting, the EF power of electric furnace is 60KW-100KW, and after continuing 15 minutes, the EF power of electric furnace rises to 500KW; When there being the molten iron of 1/5 volume, have a power failure, stop heating, after the carburant that disposable addition has weighed, feeding temperature-raising, 500KW melting;
Step 3, after adding the Q10 pig iron, brake shoe waste material and foundry returns, enters refining process:
When smelting scrap steel completes, add the Q10 pig iron weighed, when Q10 pig iron melting completes, then add the brake shoe waste material, the foundry returns that have weighed, after foundry returns adds, temperature is maintained at 1400-1450 DEG C, add perlite on molten iron surface, heat expands, and perlite slag making thickness is when 20mm-30mm, it is warming up to 1480-1490 DEG C, takes out perlite film; Using temperature-measuring gun testing temperature, maintain the temperature at 1480-1490 DEG C, add perlite on molten iron surface, perlite slag making thickness is 10mm-20mm, takes out perlite film; Again add perlite on molten iron surface, perlite slag making thickness is 8mm-12mm, takes out perlite film;
Step 4, adds 75 ferromanganese:
Adding 75 ferromanganese weighed, melting completes, sampling, is cast in by molten iron in test wedge model; When test piece kermesinus, test wedge being inserted cooling in water, the fracture that breaks has evil mind;
Step 5, adds 75 ferrosilicon grains:
Add the 75 ferrosilicon grains weighed, when molten iron discharging, current-following inoculation, after breeding into grey cast-iron by white cast-iron, molten iron is taken out in casting ladle, again molten iron is cast in test wedge model, treat test piece kermesinus, test wedge is inserted cooling in water, break test wedge point place, having spoken parts in traditional operas thick for 10-20mm, all the other are fine ash mouth, then prepare.
Further, the carburant in described step 1 is electrode graphite.
Further, in described step 5, the particle diameter of 75 ferrosilicon grains is 10-15mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the grey cast-iron of the present invention, shrinkage porosite not easily occur, it is easy to breed, tensile strength strengthens; Wearability strengthens, the moderate easy processing of hardness, and foundry goods is not susceptible to fracture; The raw material of the present invention need not valuable rare earth element and heavy metal element Cr, the cost of raw material is low, and preparation technology is simple, environmental protection.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in detail.
Grey cast-iron of the present invention is made up of following mass percent, carbon 2.5%-3.0%, silicon 1.0%-1.5%, manganese 0.8%-1.2%, phosphorus 0.1%-0.2%, sulfur 0.04%-0.06%, and all the other are pure iron, and the mass percent summation of above each composition is 100%;
The raw material preparing high-strength gray cast iron of the present invention is: steel scrap, carburant, the Q10 pig iron, brake shoe waste material, 75 ferromanganese, 75 ferrosilicon and foundry returns, and wherein, the particle diameter of 75 ferrosilicon grains is 10-15mm.
Wherein, carburant is electrode graphite;
The mass fraction of each composition in the Q10 pig iron: carbon 3.8%, silicon 1.0%, manganese 0.6%, phosphorus 0.053%, sulfur 0.023%;
The mass fraction of each composition in steel scrap: carbon 0.20%-0.25%, silicon 0.40%-0.45%, manganese 0.6%-0.8%, sulfur��0.04%, phosphorus��0.04%,
The mass fraction of each composition in foundry returns: carbon 3.2%, silicon 1.8%, manganese 1.0%, phosphorus 0.1%, sulfur 0.1%;
The mass fraction of each composition in brake shoe waste material (high-phosphorous iron): carbon 2.66%, silicon 3.84%, manganese 0.92%, phosphorus 1.46%, sulfur 0.06%;
The grey cast-iron of domestic trade mark HT400, carbon content is low, silicone content is low, phosphorus content is high; The present invention adds steel scrap in a large number for reducing silicone content, eliminates foundry iron heritability, and steel scrap adds too much, and carbon, phosphorus substantially reduce, it is necessary to carburetting, phosphorization, present invention electrode graphite carburetting, with brake shoe waste material (high-phosphorous iron) phosphorization; Carbon equivalent is low, 75 ferrosilicon breed, obtain high-strength cast iron; The harmful element sulfur content of the Q10 pig iron is low, and silicone content is low, strengthens tensile strength; The harmful element sulfur content of 75 ferromanganese is low, and Fe content is high, strengthens wearability, and tensile strength improves; Foundry returns can regulate chemical composition, the effective reuse of waste material.
Embodiment 1,
The mass percent of each component of grey cast-iron of the present invention: carbon 2.80%, silicon 1.5%, manganese 1.2%, phosphorus 0.15%, sulfur 0.04%, all the other are pure iron.
Embodiment 2,
The mass percent of each component of grey cast-iron of the present invention: carbon 2.5%, silicon 1.3%, manganese 1.0%, phosphorus 0.2%, sulfur 0.05%, all the other are pure iron.
Embodiment 3,
The mass percent of each component of grey cast-iron of the present invention: carbon 3.0%, silicon 1.0%, manganese 0.8%, phosphorus 0.1%, sulfur 0.06%, all the other are pure iron.
Embodiment 4,
The preparation method of grey cast-iron of the present invention, specifically carries out according to following steps:
Step 1,
According to following mass percent: carbon 2.80%, silicon 1.5%, manganese 1.2%, phosphorus 0.15%, sulfur 0.04%, all the other are pure iron, weigh the Q10 pig iron, steel scrap, foundry returns, brake shoe waste material, electrode graphite, 75 ferrosilicon, 75 ferromanganese respectively;
Step 2,
First add the steel scrap weighed in electric furnace, power transmission melting, the EF power of electric furnace is 80KW, and after continuing 15 minutes, the EF power of electric furnace rises to 500KW; When there being the molten iron of 1/5 volume, have a power failure, stop heating, after the carburant that disposable addition has weighed, feeding temperature-raising, total power melting; Wherein, it does not have electrode graphite can not be added during molten iron, if having added electrode graphite occur that graphite powder is bonded at furnace bottom, cause that whole stove molten iron is scrapped; Disposable must adding electrode graphite, have a power failure adding fashionable need, stop heating, no kerbstone ink can disperse to air with thermal current;
Step 3,
When smelting scrap steel completes, add the Q10 pig iron weighed, when Q10 pig iron melting completes, then add the brake shoe waste material, the foundry returns that have weighed, after foundry returns adds, temperature is maintained at 1425 DEG C, enters refining process, adds perlite on molten iron surface, heat expands, perlite slag making thickness, when 20-30mm, is warming up to 1485 DEG C, takes out perlite film; Using temperature-measuring gun testing temperature, maintain the temperature at 1485 DEG C, add perlite on molten iron surface, heat expands, and perlite slag making thickness is 10-20mm, takes out perlite film; Again add perlite on molten iron surface, heat expands, and perlite slag making thickness is 8-12mm, takes out perlite film;
Step 4,
Adding 75 ferromanganese weighed, melting completes, sampling, is cast in by molten iron in test wedge model; When test piece kermesinus, test wedge being inserted cooling in water, the fracture that breaks has evil mind, then can breed;
Step 5,
Add the 75 ferrosilicon grains weighed, when molten iron discharging, current-following inoculation, after white cast-iron is bred into grey cast-iron, in casting ladle, take out molten iron, then molten iron is cast in test wedge model, treat test piece kermesinus, test wedge is inserted cooling in water, and break test wedge point place, has spoken parts in traditional operas thick for 10-20mm, all the other are fine ash mouth, then prepare, take the final molten iron casting sample cup of furnace rear in ladle simultaneously, carry out spectrum analysis.
Embodiment 5,
The preparation method of grey cast-iron of the present invention, specifically carries out according to following steps:
Step 1,
According to following mass percent: carbon 2.5%, silicon 1.3%, manganese 1.0%, phosphorus 0.2%, sulfur 0.05%, all the other are pure iron, weigh the Q10 pig iron, steel scrap, foundry returns, brake shoe waste material, electrode graphite, 75 ferrosilicon, 75 ferromanganese respectively;
Step 2,
First add the steel scrap weighed in electric furnace, power transmission melting, the EF power of electric furnace is 60KW, and after continuing 15 minutes, the EF power of electric furnace rises to 500KW; When there being the molten iron of 1/5 volume, have a power failure, stop heating, after the carburant that disposable addition has weighed, feeding temperature-raising, total power melting; Wherein, it does not have carburant can not be added during molten iron, if having added carburant occur that graphite powder is bonded at furnace bottom, cause that whole stove molten iron is scrapped; Disposable adding electrode graphite, have a power failure adding fashionable need, stop heating, no kerbstone ink can disperse to air with thermal current;
Step 3,
When smelting scrap steel completes, add the Q10 pig iron weighed, when Q10 pig iron melting completes, then add the brake shoe waste material, the foundry returns that have weighed, after foundry returns adds, temperature is maintained at 1400 DEG C, enters refining process, adds perlite on molten iron surface, heat expands, perlite slag making thickness, when 20-30mm, is warming up to 1480 DEG C, takes out perlite film; Using temperature-measuring gun testing temperature, maintain the temperature at 1480 DEG C, add perlite on molten iron surface, heat expands, and perlite slag making thickness is 10-20mm, takes out perlite film; Again add perlite on molten iron surface, heat expands, and perlite slag making thickness is 8-12mm, takes out perlite film;
Step 4,
Adding 75 ferromanganese weighed, melting completes, sampling, is cast in by molten iron in test wedge model; When test piece kermesinus, test wedge being inserted cooling in water, the fracture that breaks has evil mind, then can breed;
Step 5,
Add the 75 ferrosilicon grains weighed, when molten iron discharging, current-following inoculation, after white cast-iron is bred into grey cast-iron, in casting ladle, take out molten iron, then molten iron is cast in test wedge model, treat test piece kermesinus, test wedge is inserted cooling in water, and break test wedge point place, has spoken parts in traditional operas thick for 10-20mm, all the other are fine ash mouth, then prepare, take the final molten iron casting sample cup of furnace rear in ladle simultaneously, carry out spectrum analysis.
Embodiment 6,
The preparation method of grey cast-iron of the present invention, specifically carries out according to following steps:
Step 1,
According to following mass percent: carbon 2.5%, silicon 1.3%, manganese 1.0%, phosphorus 0.2%, sulfur 0.05%, all the other are pure iron, weigh the Q10 pig iron, steel scrap, foundry returns, brake shoe waste material, electrode graphite, 75 ferrosilicon, 75 ferromanganese respectively;
Step 2,
First add the steel scrap weighed in electric furnace, power transmission melting, the EF power of electric furnace is 100KW, and after continuing 15 minutes, the EF power of electric furnace rises to 500KW; When there being the molten iron of 1/5 volume, have a power failure, stop heating, after the carburant that disposable addition has weighed, feeding temperature-raising, total power melting; Wherein, it does not have carburant can not be added during molten iron, if having added carburant occur that graphite powder is bonded at furnace bottom, cause that whole stove molten iron is scrapped; Disposable adding electrode graphite, have a power failure adding fashionable need, stop heating, no kerbstone ink can disperse to air with thermal current;
Step 3,
When smelting scrap steel completes, add the Q10 pig iron weighed, when Q10 pig iron melting completes, then add the brake shoe waste material, the foundry returns that have weighed, after foundry returns adds, temperature is maintained at 1450 DEG C, enters refining process, adds perlite on molten iron surface, heat expands, perlite slag making thickness, when 20-30mm, is warming up to 1490 DEG C, takes out perlite film;Using temperature-measuring gun testing temperature, maintain the temperature at 1490 DEG C, add perlite on molten iron surface, heat expands, and perlite slag making thickness is 10-20mm, takes out perlite film; Again add perlite on molten iron surface, heat expands, and perlite slag making thickness is 8-12mm, takes out perlite film;
Step 4,
Adding 75 ferromanganese weighed, melting completes, sampling, is cast in by molten iron in test wedge model; When test piece kermesinus, test wedge being inserted cooling in water, the fracture that breaks has evil mind, then can breed;
Step 5,
Add the 75 ferrosilicon grains weighed, when molten iron discharging, current-following inoculation, after white cast-iron is bred into grey cast-iron, in casting ladle, take out molten iron, then molten iron is cast in test wedge model, treat test piece kermesinus, test wedge is inserted cooling in water, and break test wedge point place, has spoken parts in traditional operas thick for 10-20mm, all the other are fine ash mouth, then prepare, take the final molten iron casting sample cup of furnace rear in ladle simultaneously, carry out spectrum analysis.
The tensile strength of the gray cast iron material that table 1 embodiment 4-6 prepares and hardness
| Material | Tensile strength/Mpa | Hardness/HB |
| The material that embodiment 4 prepares | 405 | 225 |
| The material that embodiment 5 prepares | 400 | 220 |
| The material that embodiment 6 prepares | 390 | 210 |
As shown in Table 1, gray cast iron material of the present invention, if carbon content is too high, tensile strength reduces, but carbon content is too low, and product shrinkage porosite is obvious, bad breeds; If silicon amount is too high, tensile strength reduces, but silicone content is too low, not easily breeds; If Fe content is too high, the bad processing of much higher hard, Fe content is too low, not wear-resisting.
If phosphorus content is high, foundry goods can rupture, and phosphorus content is low, not wear-resisting; The content of sulfur is more low more good, and sulfur content is too high, and foundry goods can rupture.
Claims (4)
1. a high-strength gray cast iron material, it is characterised in that be made up of following mass percent, carbon 2.5%-3.0%, silicon 1.0%-1.5%, manganese 0.8%-1.2%, phosphorus 0.1%-0.2%, sulfur 0.04%-0.06%, all the other are pure iron, and the mass percent summation of above each composition is 100%.
2. the preparation method of a kind of high-strength gray cast iron material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that specifically carry out according to following steps:
Step 1, weighs raw material:
According to following mass percent: carbon 2.5%-3.0%, silicon 1.0%-1.5%, manganese 0.8%-1.2%, phosphorus 0.1%-0.2%, sulfur 0.04%-0.06%, all the other are pure iron, weigh the Q10 pig iron, steel scrap, foundry returns, brake shoe waste material, electrode graphite, 75 ferrosilicon, 75 ferromanganese respectively;
Step 2, adds steel scrap and carburant:
First add the steel scrap weighed in electric furnace, power transmission melting, the EF power of electric furnace is 60KW-100KW, and after continuing 15 minutes, the EF power of electric furnace rises to 500KW; When there being the molten iron of 1/5 volume, have a power failure, stop heating, after the carburant that disposable addition has weighed, feeding temperature-raising, 500KW melting;
Step 3, after adding the Q10 pig iron, brake shoe waste material and foundry returns, enters refining process:
When smelting scrap steel completes, add the Q10 pig iron weighed, when Q10 pig iron melting completes, then add the brake shoe waste material, the foundry returns that have weighed, after foundry returns adds, temperature is maintained at 1400-1450 DEG C, add perlite on molten iron surface, heat expands, and perlite slag making thickness is when 20mm-30mm, it is warming up to 1480-1490 DEG C, takes out perlite film; Using temperature-measuring gun testing temperature, maintain the temperature at 1480-1490 DEG C, add perlite on molten iron surface, perlite slag making thickness is 10mm-20mm, takes out perlite film;Again add perlite on molten iron surface, perlite slag making thickness is 8mm-12mm, takes out perlite film;
Step 4, adds 75 ferromanganese:
Adding 75 ferromanganese weighed, melting completes, sampling, is cast in by molten iron in test wedge model; When test piece kermesinus, test wedge being inserted cooling in water, the fracture that breaks has evil mind;
Step 5, adds 75 ferrosilicon grains:
Add the 75 ferrosilicon grains weighed, when molten iron discharging, current-following inoculation, after breeding into grey cast-iron by white cast-iron, molten iron is taken out in casting ladle, again molten iron is cast in test wedge model, treat test piece kermesinus, test wedge is inserted cooling in water, break test wedge point place, having spoken parts in traditional operas thick for 10-20mm, all the other are fine ash mouth, then prepare.
3. the preparation method of a kind of high-strength gray cast iron material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the carburant in described step 1 is electrode graphite.
4. the preparation method of a kind of high-strength gray cast iron material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in described step 5, the particle diameter of 75 ferrosilicon grains is 10-15mm.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN105950815A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-09-21 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Recycled steel converter blowing method |
| CN106636523A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-05-10 | 宝鸡市晨瑞鑫铸造有限责任公司 | Method for preparing nodular cast iron through full scrap steel |
| CN109957705A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-02 | 河北恒工机械装备科技有限公司 | A kind of A type graphite cast iron profile material and preparation method thereof |
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