CN105645592A - Ecological bank revetment for purifying non-point pollutants - Google Patents
Ecological bank revetment for purifying non-point pollutants Download PDFInfo
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- CN105645592A CN105645592A CN201511019285.4A CN201511019285A CN105645592A CN 105645592 A CN105645592 A CN 105645592A CN 201511019285 A CN201511019285 A CN 201511019285A CN 105645592 A CN105645592 A CN 105645592A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/341—Consortia of bacteria
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/123—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of stone, concrete or similar stony material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention relates to an ecological bank revetment for purifying non-point pollutants. The ecological bank revetment comprises at least one primary buffer reaction tank arranged on the bank, at least one secondary buffer reaction tank arranged on the slope, a timber pile arranged on the bank and located on the outer side of the primary buffer reaction tank and a gabion revetment arranged on the slope and contacting with the water. Through the ecological bank revetment, the non-point pollutants firstly pass through the primary buffer reaction tank, and then large-particle pollutants in the non-point sewage are detained and are subjected to full biochemical reaction. Therefore, the primary buffer reaction tank is capable of significantly reducing blockage of slope matrix of a river or a lake and the pollutant removal load of the secondary buffer reaction tank; the secondary buffer reaction tank is located on the slope of the river or the lake, has all the functions of the primary buffer reaction tank, and can also improve the water-soil conservation capacity of the slope of the river or the lake.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological engineering field, particularly relate to a kind of ecological revetment purifying area source pollutants, particularly relate to a kind of ecological shore protection system purifying the nitrogenous class area source pollutants in river course.
Background technology
Current water bodies of rivers and lakes severe water pollution, eutrophication frequently occurs, and soil erosion phenomenon also occurs often, how to control polluter and enters water bodies of rivers and lakes, improves water quality, and prevent the large-area loss of water and soil, it has also become instant task. River pollution of area source is the one of the main reasons causing river pollution, quickening particular with urbanization process, the change of urban land use character, waterproof region area proportion increases, Rainfall runoff significantly increases, its contaminant capacity carried also increases therewith, and the river surface source pollution threat that rainwater causes can not be out in the cold again.
In the preventing and treating of river pollution of area source, the application of ecological revetment has extremely important effect. Ecological revetment has gallery function, pooling feature and vegetation bank revetment function, especially has irreplaceable effect in pollution of area source and Soil Erosion Prevention and Cure. Traditional slope protection form mainly has stone masonry shore protection, mold-bagged concrete shore protection and concrete prefabricated (cast-in-place) plate shore protection. Stablize and flood control safety though this shore protection pattern meets bank protection, but completely cut off the mass exchange between soil and water body, destroy the original ecosystem of shore protection band, cause the problems such as bio-diversity declines, water quality deterioration. Ecology typed bank revetment pattern common at present mainly has vegetation ecological shore protection, ecology bag technology, eco-concrete technology, gabion shore protection etc. Although China adopts such bank protection method that lakeside slope, river is renovated, achieve certain achievement, simultaneously it have also been found that some problems. As when area source pollutants enter river course domatic time, owing to slope flow is anxious, hydraulic detention time is short, causes domatic substrate clogging and cuts the problems such as dirt is not thorough; When in the face of nitrogen content higher area source pollutants, shore protection system is limited to the removal efficiency of pollutant; Domatic water and soil conservation ability is weak.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of ecological revetment purifying area source pollutants, to solve the problems referred to above existed in current channel revetment, improve the removal efficiency of area source pollutants, strengthen domatic water and soil conservation ability simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of ecological revetment purifying area source pollutants, it is arranged on first-level buffer reaction tank on the bank including at least one, at least one be arranged on domatic on level 2 buffering reaction tank, it is arranged on the bank and is positioned at the timber outside described first-level buffer reaction tank, it is arranged on gabion shore protection that is domatic and that contact with the water surface, described first-level buffer reaction tank include arranging top layer on the bank first kind is planted layer and is arranged on described first kind of first adsorption layer planted under layer, described level 2 buffering reaction tank include being arranged on domatic top layer second kind plants layer, it is arranged on described second kind of second adsorption layer planted under layer, it is arranged on described second kind of GSZ planted between layer and described second adsorption layer.
Preferably, described first kind plant layer and described second kind plant layer by local soil and wormcast according to 1:(10��20) volume ratio mixing form, and described first kind plant layer and described second kind plant kind on layer and be implanted with wetland plant.
Preferably, described first kind plant between layer and described first adsorption layer, described second kind plant and be equipped with geotextiles between layer and described second adsorption layer.
Preferably, layer is planted and described second kind of bottom planting layer is provided with geotextiles for described first kind.
Preferably, described first adsorption layer is the thickness zeolite layer at 40��60cm.
Preferably, described second adsorption layer includes the second zeolite layer and cobblestone layer, and described second zeolite layer is arranged with cobblestone layer vertical spacing.
Preferably, the side of described first adsorption layer, the side of described second zeolite layer, described cobblestone layer side be equipped with impermeable stratum.
Preferably, described impermeable stratum is geomembrane.
Preferably, described first kind plant layer and described second kind plant layer each parallel to ground arrange, thickness is 10��30cm.
Preferably, described second adsorption layer is parallel to domatic setting, and thickness is 40��60cm.
Based on technique scheme, the invention have the advantage that
The present invention is by arranging at least one first-level buffer reaction tank on the coast, on domatic, at least one level 2 buffering reaction tank is set, making area source pollutants first pass around first-level buffer reaction tank, the bulky grain pollutant in the sewage of source, opposite carry out being detained and sufficient biochemical reaction. Therefore, first-level buffer reaction tank can significantly reduce the blocking of the domatic substrate in lake, river and the scrubbing load of level 2 buffering reaction tank; It is domatic that level 2 buffering reaction tank is positioned at lake, river, is possessing outside all of function of first-level buffer reaction tank, additionally it is possible to improves the water and soil conservation ability that lake, river is domatic.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the part of the application, and the schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, is not intended that inappropriate limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the ecological revetment structural representation purifying river course area source pollutants;
Wherein, 1��wetland plant; Plant layer for 2��the first kinds; 3��the first adsorption layers; 4��GSZ; Plant layer for 5��the second kinds; 6��the second zeolite layer; 7��cobblestone layer; 8��gabion shore protection; Flow direction in A��first-level buffer reaction tank and level 2 buffering reaction tank.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme is described in further detail.
The ecological revetment of the present invention mainly includes timber, gabion shore protection 8, first-level buffer reaction tank, level 2 buffering reaction tank. As it is shown in figure 1, illustrated therein is a kind of preferred implementation of the present invention. Specifically, a kind of ecological revetment purifying area source pollutants provided by the invention, including at least one be arranged on first-level buffer reaction tank on the bank, at least one be arranged on domatic on level 2 buffering reaction tank, be arranged on the bank and be positioned at the timber outside described first-level buffer reaction tank, be arranged on gabion shore protection 8 that is domatic and that contact with the water surface. Wherein, described first-level buffer reaction tank include arranging top layer on the bank first kind is planted layer 2 and is arranged on described first kind of first adsorption layer 3 planted under layer 2, and described level 2 buffering reaction tank includes being arranged on second kind of domatic top layer and plants layer 5, is arranged on described second kind of second adsorption layer planted under layer 5, is arranged on described second kind of GSZ 4 planted between layer 5 and described second adsorption layer.
In the present invention, from the area source pollutants of rainwash after timber, described first buffering reaction pond is entered. Timber effect in this ecological revetment cleaning system specifically includes that (1) reduces through flow velocity, intercepts bigger organic particulate matter or rubbish, it is simple to artificial process in time; (2) water flows between timber gap, increases Dissolved Oxygen in Water, when water body entrance plantation layer and adsorption layer are conducive to ammonification and the nitration reaction of organic nitrogen; (3) shore protection, strengthens shore protection overall structure.
Preferably, described first kind plant layer 2 and described second kind plant layer 5 by local soil and wormcast according to 1:(10��20) volume ratio mixing form, and described first kind plant layer 2 and described second kind plant kind on layer 5 and be implanted with wetland plant 1. And described first kind plant between layer 2 and described first adsorption layer 3, described second kind plant and between layer 5 and described second adsorption layer, be equipped with geotextiles, described first kind of bottom planting layer 2 also is provided with geotextiles. Preferably, plant layer 2 and described second kind of bottom planting layer 5 is provided with geotextiles for described first kind, described first kind plant layer 2 and described second kind plant layer 5 and arrange each parallel to ground, thickness is 10��30cm.
Plant layer 2 by described first kind and be arranged on the top of the first adsorption layer 3, primarily serve three below effect: (1) can increase the quantity of soil porosity and aggregate, improve Soil structure, there is good aeration, water penetration and water-retaining property, after area source pollutants enters first-level buffer reaction tank, serve filtration, prevent the domatic substrate clogging in lake, river and increase the pollutant effect in plantation layer stop with response time; (2) wormcast has very big specific surface area, become the attachment carrier of many microorganisms, containing the group that microorganism forms in a large number such as substantial amounts of antibacterial, Ammonifying bacteria, nitrobacteria, fungus in wormcast, and reproduction speed is doubled and redoubled, and becomes the decomposition center of soil. After area source pollutants enters first-level buffer reaction tank, the organic nitrogen in pollutant first passes around Ammonifying bacteria under aerobic condition and is converted into ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4 +N), again it is converted into nitrate nitrogen (NO by nitrobacteria subsequently3N). Ammoniacal nitrogen in pollutant can be converted into nitrate nitrogen (NO through nitrobacteria3N), the nitrate nitrogen in pollutant is planted in layer 2 and the first adsorption layer 3 at first kind and is not participated in any reaction; (3) not only rich in substantial amounts of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and humic acid etc. in wormcast, also rich in the necessary 16 kinds of nutrients of plant growing and the phytohormone with stimulation plant growing, the growth of plant and the quality of raising crop are had and obviously acts on.
Plant layer 2 and described second kind of wetland plant planted in layer 51 primarily serves following 4 effects for described first kind in the present invention: the carbohydrate of generation is transported to plant rhizosphere by photosynthesis by (1), carbon source is provided, thus maintaining the microbial activity that rhizosphere is vigorous for the microorganism in adsorption layer; (2) wetland plant 1 by the tissue conveying oxygen of hollow to root system, plant layer 2 for first kind and described second kind plant layer 5 aerobic environment be provided; Plant layer 2 and described second kind of wetland plant planted in layer 51 can absorb the nitrogen in sewage for (3) first kinds, reach the purpose denitrogenated; (4) rainwash is slowed down, it is prevented that soil erosion.
Preferably, described first adsorption layer 3 is the thickness zeolite layer at 40��60cm, and described second adsorption layer is parallel to domatic setting, and thickness is also 40��60cm.Ammoniacal nitrogen is had extremely strong Selective adsorption by zeolite, but can not as the final approach removing ammoniacal nitrogen. Owing to zeolite has huge specific surface area, it it is a kind of desirably microbe carrier, Ammonifying bacteria and and nitrobacteria using zeolite as carrier, the nitrogenous class material in area source pollutants is circulated decomposition and converts, it is to avoid the problems such as adsorbing material is saturated, dirt-removing power is not lasting.
In the present invention, plantation layer is carbon source and the aerobic environment that adsorption layer provides abundance, therefore adsorption layer and be easily formed the microbiologic population taken as the leading factor with Ammonifying bacteria and nitrobacteria, and reproduction speed is fast. When the nitrogenous organic pollution of little molecule in plantation layer and ammoniacal nitrogen leaching are to after adsorption layer, nitrogenous for little molecule organic pollution second time is decomposed and is converted into ammoniacal nitrogen rapidly by the microbes in adsorption layer, these ammoniacal nitrogens can quickly be adsorbed the zeolite adsorption in layer and fixing, is converted into nitrate nitrogen (NO by nitrobacteria subsequently3N). Nitrate nitrogen may proceed to downward leaching, is under anaerobic easily formed the microbiologic population taken as the leading factor with denitrifying bacteria, and the nitrate nitrogen that leaching gets off is converted into nitrogen under the effect of denitrifying bacteria, reaches the purpose denitrogenated.
Further, described second adsorption layer includes the second zeolite layer 6 and cobblestone layer 7, and described second zeolite layer 6 is arranged with cobblestone layer 7 vertical spacing.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, it is domatic that described level 2 buffering reaction tank is positioned at lake, river, it is made up of three independent reaction tanks, laying one layer of impermeable stratum between any two of which independent reaction pond, it is identical that plant that layer 5 and described first-level buffer reaction tank mention first kind of second kind in level 2 buffering reaction tank plants layer 2, each parallel to domatic, and in the same plane, thickness is 10��30cm. Second adsorption layer of three independent reaction ponds composition is along domatic from top to bottom as the second zeolite layer 6 cobblestone layer 7 second zeolite layer 6, and each parallel to domatic, and in the same plane, thickness is 40��60cm. Second adsorption layer of level 2 buffering reaction tank and second kind plant one layer of GSZ 4 of laying between layer 5, and second kind of soil planting layer 5 can be had reinforcement and strengthen the effect of water and soil conservation by this GSZ 4.
Preferably, the side of described first adsorption layer 3, the side of described second zeolite layer 6, described cobblestone layer 7 side be equipped with impermeable stratum, described impermeable stratum is geomembrane. Arranging impermeable stratum, to enable to flow direction in first-level buffer reaction tank and level 2 buffering reaction tank be the A direction shown in Fig. 1, promotes clean-up effect.
In end and the water surface contact portion of the present invention, traditional gabion shore protection 8 method is adopted to construct. Acting as of gabion shore protection 8: the water body after the purification of (1) water conservancy diversion denitrification layer enters water body; (2) prevent from corroding, it is prevented that river course flowing water washes away.
The present invention is by arranging at least one first-level buffer reaction tank on the coast, on domatic, at least one level 2 buffering reaction tank is set, making area source pollutants first pass around first-level buffer reaction tank, the bulky grain pollutant in the sewage of source, opposite carry out being detained and sufficient biochemical reaction. Therefore, first-level buffer reaction tank can significantly reduce the blocking of the domatic substrate in lake, river and the scrubbing load of level 2 buffering reaction tank; It is domatic that level 2 buffering reaction tank is positioned at lake, river, is possessing outside all of function of first-level buffer reaction tank, additionally it is possible to improves the water and soil conservation ability that lake, river is domatic.
Finally should be noted that: above example is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme is not intended to limit; Although the present invention being described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are it is understood that still can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention or portion of techniques feature carries out equivalent replacement; Without deviating from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope that the present invention is claimed.
Claims (10)
1. the ecological revetment purifying area source pollutants, it is arranged on first-level buffer reaction tank on the bank including at least one, at least one be arranged on domatic on level 2 buffering reaction tank, it is arranged on the bank and is positioned at the timber outside described first-level buffer reaction tank, it is arranged on gabion shore protection (8) that is domatic and that contact with the water surface, it is characterized in that: described first-level buffer reaction tank include arranging top layer on the bank first kind is planted layer (2) and be arranged on described first kind of first adsorption layer (3) planted under layer (2), described level 2 buffering reaction tank include being arranged on domatic top layer second kind plants layer (5), it is arranged on described second kind of second adsorption layer planted under layer (5), it is arranged on described second kind of GSZ (4) planted between layer (5) and described second adsorption layer.
2. ecological revetment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first kind plant layer (2) and described second kind plant layer (5) by local soil and wormcast according to 1:(10��20) volume ratio mixing form, and described first kind plant layer (2) and described second kind plant layer (5) and go up and kind be implanted with wetland plant (1).
3. ecological revetment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described first kind plant between layer (2) and described first adsorption layer (3), described second kind plant and be equipped with geotextiles between layer (5) and described second adsorption layer.
4. ecological revetment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: plant layer (2) and described second kind of bottom planting layer (5) is provided with geotextiles for described first kind.
5. ecological revetment according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described first adsorption layer (3) is the thickness zeolite layer at 40��60cm.
6. ecological revetment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described second adsorption layer includes the second zeolite layer (6) and cobblestone layer (7), and described second zeolite layer (6) is arranged with cobblestone layer (7) vertical spacing.
7. ecological revetment according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the side of described first adsorption layer (3), the side of described second zeolite layer (6), described cobblestone layer (7) side be equipped with impermeable stratum.
8. ecological revetment according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described impermeable stratum is geomembrane.
9. ecological revetment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described first kind plant layer (2) and described second kind plant layer (5) each parallel to ground arrange, thickness is 10��30cm.
10. ecological revetment according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described second adsorption layer is parallel to domatic setting, and thickness is 40��60cm.
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| CN106115941A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-16 | 扬州大学 | A kind of rice field runoff regulation intercepts with nitrogen phosphorus diafiltration and removes filtration system and application process thereof |
| CN106759086A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-31 | 埃瑞弗（上海）规划设计工程咨询股份有限公司 | A kind of gabion ecological water body revetment structure |
| CN109056646A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-21 | 天津大学 | The multi-level intelligent ecological shore protection system in river based on sponge city |
| CN109231679A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-18 | 湖南清之源环保科技有限公司 | Ecological water environment processing system and its technique |
| CN115198696A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-10-18 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Filling type ecological retaining wall structure and construction method thereof |
| CN115746857A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-07 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | Preparation method of soil conditioner |
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| CN106759086A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-31 | 埃瑞弗（上海）规划设计工程咨询股份有限公司 | A kind of gabion ecological water body revetment structure |
| CN109056646A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-21 | 天津大学 | The multi-level intelligent ecological shore protection system in river based on sponge city |
| CN109231679A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-18 | 湖南清之源环保科技有限公司 | Ecological water environment processing system and its technique |
| CN115198696A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-10-18 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Filling type ecological retaining wall structure and construction method thereof |
| CN115746857A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-07 | 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 | Preparation method of soil conditioner |
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