CN102557253B - Organism-strengthened pollution reducing ditch - Google Patents
Organism-strengthened pollution reducing ditch Download PDFInfo
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- CN102557253B CN102557253B CN 201110000348 CN201110000348A CN102557253B CN 102557253 B CN102557253 B CN 102557253B CN 201110000348 CN201110000348 CN 201110000348 CN 201110000348 A CN201110000348 A CN 201110000348A CN 102557253 B CN102557253 B CN 102557253B
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Abstract
The invention provides an organism-strengthened pollution reducing ditch comprising a concave-shaped ditch bottom. Medium materials are distributed on the concave-shaped ditch bottom according to grain sizes from small to large, wherein silver sand with the modified surface is arranged on a bottom layer; small broken stones with the modified surface are arranged on an intermediate layer; large boulders with the modified surface are arranged on an upper layer; an anaerobic microorganism membrane is fixed on the surface of the silver sand with the modified surface; and an aerobic microorganism membrane is fixed on the surface of the small broken stones and the large boulders with the modified surface. The size of the concave-shaped ditch bottom of the pollution reducing ditch is determined according to specific terrain and the shape of a ditch channel, pollutants of nitrogen, phosphorus and the like are removed and fixed by the anaerobic microorganism membrane and the aerobic microorganism membrane on the surface of the medium materials (including the silver sand, the small broken stones and the large boulders) at the ditch bottom to achieve the purpose of reducing the content of the water pollutants when sewage gets through the ditch channel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pollution of area source control techniques field, specifically a kind of organism-strengthened pollution reducing ditch.
Background technology
Along with large-scale point-source pollution progressively is under control, Rural Plane Source Pollution accounts for total amount of pollutants discharge constantly to be increased, and the Rural Plane Source Pollution problem becomes increasingly conspicuous.Using in a large number of chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals causes the Rural Water Environment quality constantly to descend, and the human settlement degenerates obviously, also is the major reason that causes China's body eutrophication simultaneously.
Ecological engineering is the effective measure of domestic and international improvement pollution of area source of generally acknowledging, the ecological engineering that technology is comparatively ripe at present has: grass planting control, artificial swamp, eco-pond, preposition storehouse, stabilization pond, media filtration system, vegetation buffer strip, land and water ecotone etc., but large owing to floor space, invest high reason, apply being restricted, especially be difficult to adapt to the national conditions that China has a large population and a few land.Therefore in the urgent need to a kind of controlling area-source pollution technology that adapts to the rural area characteristics, effectively solve the Rural Plane Source Pollution problem.
By the existing irrigation canals and ditches (or raceway groove) in rural area are carried out suitable biology and the engineered ecological canal that makes up, solved well the contradiction between the people ground, but because the difference of various places topography and geomorphology and regional economic development level is different, also generally be not applicable to the ecological canal in all rural areas at present.CN ZL 200610097845.2 discloses a kind of ecological method for purifying trench sewage, be characterized in town domestic sewage and farmland drainage are carried out combination treatment, the town domestic sewage coarse rack of flowing through successively, settling pit, fine fack, the microbiological treatment pond, acidizing hydrolyzation tank, windmill oxygenation aeration pond, mix with farmland drainage behind gravel interception and the biological contact oxidation bed, through purifying waste water of obtaining to discharge after the district's purification of complex media Filtration Adsorption bed, but the infrastructure project of this Technology Need is more, Financial cost and the handling cost of operation are higher, technical essential is complicated, be unfavorable for the repair and reconstruction of irrigation canals and ditches original appearance, be difficult in the Rural areas of economics of underdevelopment promote.CN ZL 200910272338.1 discloses a kind of ecological canal of preventing and controlling agricultural area source pollution, it is characterized in that making up in the water collection basin district artificial tunnel of rural sewage and agricultural surface runoff, in the ingress of sewage and runoff the physics grid is set, the grid bottom is settling tank, plantation emergent in the irrigation canals and ditches, pleuston and submerged plant, inlay biological ball on the irrigation canals and ditches two side, inoculation algae floating life and planktonic algae in the sewage, utilize microorganism, the vital movement of pasture and water and algae, realization is to the obstruction of water pollution material, degraded, absorb, utilize, reach degraded and reduce the purpose that water pollution is loaded, this technology mainly is applicable to the mountain region, in the basin in agricultural tillage district, hills area to the resistance control of water pollutant.Yang Linzhang etc. have reported a kind of ecological intercepting type sewerage for controlling farmland non-point pollution, this system mainly is grouped into by plant part and engineering department, its both sides furrow bank and bottom of trench are comprised of cellular cement plate, plant by the plantation of furrow bank and bottom of trench absorbs nutrient in the water body and tackles, and structure interception separated by a distance dam slows down water speed with the interception case in the ditch body, prolong hydraulic detention time, the particulate matter that flowing water is carried is precipitated, thereby realize the farmland is discharged the control of nutrient, but this technology still needs more infrastructure project, and cost of investment and handling cost are higher.
Above-mentioned technology has affected the irrigation and drainage function of channel to a certain extent, and the problems such as investment and management, has limited the promotion and implementation in existing irrigation and drainage irrigation canals and ditches of these technology.For the deficiency that Rural Plane Source Pollution characteristics and prior art exist, the development investment cost is low, take up an area less, simple process, extensive management, little on channel irrigation and drainage impact, and the effective Rural Plane Source Pollution control techniques of scrubbing, is very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of organism-strengthened pollution reducing ditch; in the existing irrigation and drainage channels in rural area, implant microbial technology by suitable engineering means; make the degraded of Rural Plane Source Pollution thing; thereby when not affecting the channel irrigation and drainage; reach and reduce and reduce the water pollution load, the purpose of protection quality of water environment.
A kind of organism-strengthened pollution reducing ditch, comprise at the bottom of " recessed " shape canal, establish dielectric material at " recessed " shape canal base fabric from small to large by particle diameter, wherein bottom is the fine sand of surface modification, the middle layer is the small crushed stone of surface modification, the upper strata is the dog's-head of surface modification, and the surface of the fine sand of process surface modification is the anaerobion film fixedly, fixes the oxygen animalcule film through the small crushed stone of surface modification and the surface of dog's-head.
The size that the present invention subtracts at the bottom of dirty canal " recessed " the shape canal is decided according to concrete landform and channel shape, when sewage passes through channel, anaerobion film and the aerobic microbiological film on dielectric material at the bottom of the canal (comprising fine sand, small crushed stone and dog's-head) surface remove and fix pollutents such as Water, phosphorus, reach the purpose that reduces water pollutant content.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the section structure synoptic diagram of organism-strengthened pollution reducing ditch of the present invention.
Among the figure: at the bottom of 1-" recessed " the shape canal, 2-fine sand, 3-small crushed stone, 4-dog's-head, 5-anaerobion film, 6-aerobic microbiological film.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing among the present invention, the technical scheme among the present invention is clearly and completely described.
Figure 1 shows that the section structure synoptic diagram of organism-strengthened pollution reducing ditch of the present invention, described organism-strengthened pollution reducing ditch comprises at the bottom of " recessed " shape canal 1, press from small to large 1 laying dielectric material at the bottom of " recessed " shape canal of particle diameter, wherein bottom is the fine sand 2 of surface modification, the middle layer is the small crushed stone 3 of surface modification, the upper strata is the dog's-head 4 of surface modification, the surface of the fine sand 2 of process surface modification is anaerobion film 5 fixedly, anaerobion film 5 is made of anaerobion, described anaerobion comprises denitrifying bacteria or sulphate reducing bacteria, fix oxygen animalcule film 6 through the small crushed stone 3 of surface modification and the surface of dog's-head 4, aerobic microbiological film 6 is made of aerobic microbiological, and described aerobic microbiological comprises pseudomonas, polyP bacteria or nitrifier.
1 can be formed by cement plate or gravel laying at the bottom of " recessed " shape canal, decides according to the channel particular case along water (flow) direction length, and length is longer, and is higher to the removal of pollutants rate.Fine sand 2 particle diameters are laid thickness 20～30cm less than 100 orders, and fixed rate of anaerobion film 5 is between 10～25% on it.Small crushed stone 3 particle diameters are 1～4cm, lay thickness 10～20cm, and fixed rate of aerobic microbiological film 6 is between 11～20% on it.Dog's-head 4 particle diameters 4～10cm lays thickness 10～30cm, and fixed rate of aerobic microbiological film 6 is between 15～30% on it.
Small crushed stone 3 and dog's-head 4 are in pH=1～6, under 10～30 ℃ of conditions of temperature, adopt saccharan activated media material surface, strengthen incipient cell absorption and Biofilm formation, be used for the fixing of the preparation of aerobic bacteria microbial film and aerobic microbiological film 5 (the aerobic microbiological film that aerobic microbiologicals such as pseudomonas, polyP bacteria, nitrifier consists of).Fine sand 2 directly mixes with the anaerobic cell body of alginates embedding and is placed on anaerobic zone, is used for fixedly anaerobion film 6 (the anaerobion film of the formation such as the anaerobion such as denitrifying bacteria, sulphate reducing bacteria).Be fixed on the anaerobion film 5 on dielectric material surface and aerobic microbiological film 6 through indoor cultivation and domestication, according to growth synergy between flora, form microbial ecosystem.
The microorganism species that relates among the present invention comprises denitrifying bacteria, sulphate reducing bacteria of aerobic pseudomonas, polyP bacteria, nitrifier and anaerobism etc.Concrete, because fine sand 2, the particle diameter of small crushed stone 3 and dog's-head 4 is different, sandstone accumulation at different-grain diameter can form the different microcell environment of oxygen concentration, by fixedly being fine sand 2, the different microorganisms on small crushed stone 3 and dog's-head 4 surfaces, the microbial ecosystem that the physiology activity communicates, oxyty upper zone (dog's-head district), by aerobic microbiological (pseudomonas for example, polyP bacteria, nitrifier) realization is to the preliminary degraded of phosphorus fixation and organic pollutant, the small molecules that degraded generates provides carbon source for the lower anaerobic zone microorganisms of dissolved oxygen concentration, nitrogenous source etc., in anaerobic zone (fine sand and small crushed stone district), by anaerobion (denitrifying bacteria for example, sulphate reducing bacteria etc.), realization removes the denitrification of nitrogen, and the synergy between bacterial classification can effectively increase microorganism scrubbing efficient.
The present invention subtracts at the bottom of dirty canal " recessed " the shape canal 1 size and decides according to concrete landform and channel shape.When sewage passed through channel, anaerobion film and the aerobic microbiological film on dielectric material at the bottom of the canal (comprising fine sand, small crushed stone and dog's-head) surface removed and fix pollutents such as Water, phosphorus, reach the purpose that reduces water pollutant content.
The removal principle of the water pollutant that relates among the present invention is: the 1 dielectric material surface enrichment that arranges has the microorganism (anaerobion and aerobic microbiological) of denitrogenation, phosphate fixation ability in a large number at the bottom of " recessed " shape canal, in the water delivery process, these denitrogenations, solid phosphorus microorganism can remove, absorb, utilize some pollutents (such as nitrogen, phosphorus etc.), reduce the content of pollutent in the water body, thereby reduce the Rural Plane Source Pollution thing to the pollution load in waters.
The invention has the advantages that: taking up an area and lack, owing to just the existing irrigation and drainage channels in rural area are carried out appropriate reconstruction and utilization, do not affect the due function of general irrigation canals and ditches, still is the passage of rural area draining or irrigation, does not change the general layout of agriculture production; Utilize the sandstone of different-grain diameter pile up to form the different microcell environment of oxygen concentration, by being fixed on the different microorganisms on sandstone surface, the microbial ecosystem that the physiology activity communicates, the synergy between bacterial classification can effectively increase microorganism scrubbing efficient; Simplicity of design, construction easily, construction cost is low, manages simplely, running cost is few, is adapted at the Rural areas and applies.
The above; be the specific embodiment of the present invention only, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, anyly belongs to those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (4)
1. organism-strengthened pollution reducing ditch, it is characterized in that: comprise (1) at the bottom of " recessed " shape canal, press from small to large (1) laying dielectric material at the bottom of " recessed " shape canal of particle diameter, wherein bottom is the fine sand (2) of surface modification, the middle layer is the small crushed stone (3) of surface modification, the upper strata is the dog's-head (4) of surface modification, the surface of the fine sand (2) of process surface modification is anaerobion film (5) fixedly, fixes oxygen animalcule film (6) through the small crushed stone (3) of surface modification and the surface of dog's-head (4).
2. organism-strengthened pollution reducing ditch as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described anaerobion film (5) is made of anaerobion, and described anaerobion comprises denitrifying bacteria or sulphate reducing bacteria.
3. organism-strengthened pollution reducing ditch as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described aerobic microbiological film (6) is made of aerobic microbiological, and described aerobic microbiological comprises pseudomonas, polyP bacteria or nitrifier.
4. organism-strengthened pollution reducing ditch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: fine sand (2) particle diameter is laid thickness 20～30cm less than 100 orders, and fixed rate of anaerobion film (5) is between 10～25% on it; Small crushed stone (3) particle diameter is 1～4cm, lays thickness 10～20cm, and fixed rate of aerobic microbiological film (6) is between 11～20% on it; Dog's-head (4) particle diameter is 4～10cm, lays thickness 10～30cm, and fixed rate of aerobic microbiological film (6) is between 15～30% on it.
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| CN 201110000348 CN102557253B (en) | 2011-01-04 | 2011-01-04 | Organism-strengthened pollution reducing ditch |
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| CN102557253B true CN102557253B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
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| CN106148228A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-23 | 广西凯泉环保工程有限公司 | A kind of complex microorganism deodorizing degradation bacterial agent and preparation method and application |
| CN107244739A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-10-13 | 湖南艾布鲁环保科技有限公司 | A kind of Ecosystem restoration system of agricultural non-point source pollution farmland tail water |
| CN113582448A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-02 | 长三角(义乌)生态环境研究中心 | Processing system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution |
| CN113979594B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-04-18 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for strengthening treatment of salt-containing wastewater by using ditch type oxidation pond |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101143756A (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2008-03-19 | 崔玉波 | In situ collection and ecological processing method and device for residential area domestic garbage station percolate |
| CN101219834A (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2008-07-16 | 河海大学 | Method for shaping ecological decontaminating type combination stream channel wet land system |
| CN101734829A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-06-16 | 上海亚同环保实业股份有限公司 | Biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process of sewage and matched device of V-shaped biological aerated filter pool |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7470362B2 (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-12-30 | Modular Wetland Systems, Inc. | In line wetland water treatment system and method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101143756A (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2008-03-19 | 崔玉波 | In situ collection and ecological processing method and device for residential area domestic garbage station percolate |
| CN101219834A (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2008-07-16 | 河海大学 | Method for shaping ecological decontaminating type combination stream channel wet land system |
| CN101734829A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-06-16 | 上海亚同环保实业股份有限公司 | Biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process of sewage and matched device of V-shaped biological aerated filter pool |
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