CN101734829A - Biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process of sewage and matched device of V-shaped biological aerated filter pool - Google Patents
Biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process of sewage and matched device of V-shaped biological aerated filter pool Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process of sewage and a matched device of a V-shaped biological aerated filter pool, belonging to the field of sewage treatment. The biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process of sewage of the V-shaped biological aerated filter pool is characterized in that sewage enters a biological filter medium layer from the upper part of the V-shaped biological aerated filter pool and is subjected to nitratlon reaction and denitrification reaction in the biological filter medium layer, and the sewage is sequentially discharged from the bottom of the biological aerated filter pool through a fine filtering layer, a support layer and a filter head. The biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process of sewage of the V-shaped biological aerated filter pool gets rid of the main flow type of upward flow light biological aerated filter pool, adopts a downward flow type, and is additionally provided with the fine filtering layer, thereby the quality of yield water is stable and superior, and the invention is suitable for deep sewage treatment and pretreatment of slightly polluted source water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bio-denitrifying sewage dephosphorization process and corollary apparatus of V-type BAF, belong to sewage treatment area.
Background technology
BAF (Biological Aerated Filter, be called for short BAF), claim " biological aerated filter ", " submerged BAF " again, be on biological contact oxidation metallization processes basis, introduce the filtration process of giving in the water treatment, and a kind of sewage treatment process that forms.BAF originates from American-European late 1970s, after the large development of the middle and later periods eighties, is mature on the whole to the beginning of the nineties, and at present, process form is constantly weeded out the old and bring forth the new, and function is progressively expanded and be perfect.For (directly entering BAF as town sewage behind primary deposition) under the Pollutant levels condition with higher, the biomass in the filter tank can reach 10～15g/L, has higher volumetric loading; Having utilized the filteration of filler and filter simultaneously, saved settling tank, had little, the advantages such as energy consumption is low, efficient is high, stable and reliable operation of occupation of land, is the new technology that is worthy to be popularized and uses in the at present middle water reuse field.China has organized in the enforcement period of the ninth five-year plan the tackling key problem of biological aerated filter has been studied, and comparatively deep experimental study has been carried out in the aspects such as filtrate, handling property and design variable of biological aerated filter.Up to now, as a new technology of sewage disposal, biological aerated filter mainly is organism, suspended solids and the nitrated removal ammonia nitrogen that is applied to remove in the sewage in countries in the world.
BAF is a kind of high loading submerged fixed bed phase reactor, has fully used and filtering technique and contact oxidation method has organically been combined for the filtering technique in the water treatment, does not establish settling tank, realizes that by back flushing regeneration the cycle in filter tank substitutes.The principal feature of BAF is to adopt the less granulated material of particle diameter as filtrate, and filtrate is immersed in the water, utilizes the blast aeration oxygen supply.Filter material layer plays two aspects, and the one, as microorganism carrier, compare with general biological filter, because it has bigger specific surface area, the duration of contact of sewage and microbial film reality is long, can make biochemical reaction carry out more thoroughly; The 2nd, can be used as filtration medium, hold back suspended solids and the new biosolids that forms in the water into, thereby save the secondary sedimentation basins in the other biological facture, obtain the fine water outlet.Biological aerated filter can be used as the biological sewage treatment of various objectives, handles as the two stage biological as sewage, can be used to remove SS, COD, BOD in the sewage, or further nitrated removal ammonia nitrogen; As three grades of biological treatments of sewage, mainly be nitrated, and further advanced treatment is removed organism and suspended solids in the sewage with the removal ammonia nitrogen.If under the anaerobic and aerobic condition, move simultaneously, also can be used as the denitrogenation dephosphorizing of sewage.
Many floras of different nature of in BAF, can growing.In the nearer filtering layer of distance feed-water end, the organic concentration in the sewage is higher, and various heterotrophic bacteriums are preponderated, and mainly is to remove BOD; In the nearer filter material layer of distance water outlet, the organic concentration in the sewage is very low, and the nitrifier of autotrophic type will be preponderated, and can carry out the nitration reaction of ammonia nitrogen.Nitrifier is present in biomembranous inboard, and very strong adhesive ability is arranged on filtrate, in case form, is difficult for coming off fully.It reaches cooperatively interacting of oxygen-starved area, bottom and upper strata aerobic zone by the flexible adjustment along oxygenation intensity on the filtering layer height, biological aerated filter has the ability of very high nitrated removal ammonia nitrogen, the air water relative movement, the gas-to-liquid contact area is big, gas, water, biomembranous duration of contact are long, thereby have improved the utilization ratio and the treatment effect of oxygen.
The filtrate of BAF generally adopts haydite, hard coal, gac, shale, zeolite etc., and density is much smaller than organic filtrate of water.The general requirement filtrate except that the requirement that should satisfy intensity, aspect such as wear-resisting, water-fast, corrosion-resistant, generally select for use relative density little for well, this mainly is a convenience of considering back flushing.The filtrate that relative density is little is easily become flexible when back flushing, and filter material layer is rinsed totally easily, saves washing water quantity, avoids filter material layer to cause serious deposition phenomenon, influences treatment effect.The backwashing period of influent quality and design is depended in the selection of particle diameter of filter medium.Convenient for operational management, backwashing period generally is decided to be 24h.Particle diameter 3～6mm is adopted in general recommendations, and the height of filter material layer can be taken as 1.8～3.0m, and generalized case filtering layer height is 2.0m.Aerating system can adopt the perforated pipe aerating regulation system.Perforated pipe uses plastics or stainless steel, is arranged on that more than the bottom surface about 0.3m place at the bottom of filtrate, makes the bottom of filter material layer have and does not carry out aeration in a bit of distance, and be not subjected to the disturbance of air bubble, assurance has better filter effect, to obtain limpid water outlet.The bottom of biological aerated filter is gas distribution, water distribution and the exhalant region of back flushing.G﹠W mixes by filter, evenly ejection from the slit of filter, and this device is similar to the V-type filter tank of giving water treatment.Back flushing water-freeing arrangement recoil water can adopt the drainage tray that is arranged on filter material layer top to get rid of continuously, runs off for preventing filtrate, also can adopt the siphon pipe draining.The same water-feeding leaching pool of these Design of device methods.
The backwashing period of BAF generally is subjected to the restriction of head loss.At this moment as adopt and increase head loss and prolong the work period and there is no much practical significances experience shows: when head loss reached about 0.6m, if prolong working time again, head loss sharply raise.In actual production, be convenient management, under the oepration at full load condition, but biological aerated filter back flushing every day is once, promptly should not surpass 0.6m through the loss of 24h operating head polishing.
Press the water distribution direction, BAF can be divided into down to two kinds of stream and upward flows.Be top to stream fingering water end (W.E.) down, belong to air water reverse flow mode, upward flow fingering water end (W.E.) is the bottom, belongs to air water concurrent mode.For general sewage, present development trend is tended to the upward flow mode, and major cause is that the total water environment capacity of filtration medium is strong, is difficult for stopping up; From treatment effect, there are some researches show that upward flow is better, the viewpoint that also has research to hold reverse side generally, has much relations with condition of water quality, the concrete pattern in filter tank etc.
The influence of the suffered ambient conditions of BAF and general Biochemistry Reaction System basically identical, but topmost influence factor can be summed up as:
A) load.Volumetric loading is a leading indicator of weighing the biological aerated filter handling property, and under the requirement of satisfying volumetric loading, the variation of hydraulic load is unimportant to the influence of treatment effect.But hydraulic load should not be too low, otherwise it is too fast easily to cause the filtering layer top to be stopped up.
B) solvability BOD in the water inlet
5Ratio.Biological aerated filter is removed the graininess BOD in the sewage
5, mainly be by absorption and filteration, hold back suspension BOD
5, utilize the sessile form microorganism that it is decomposed simultaneously.But to removing the solvability BOD in the sewage
5, biochemical reaction can need the long time, and should adopt the volumetric loading that hangs down some this moment.
C) water inlet SS concentration.In the ordinary course of things, through behind the preliminary sedimentation, concentration of suspension does not influence the effect of the removal of biological aerated filter.But SS is too high influential to the biomembranous active meeting of biological aerated filter in the water inlet, makes biological aerated filter remove solvability BOD
5Effect descend to some extent.
Yet, in the biological aerated filter process of using at present, almost all bias toward the higher sewage field of pollution level, and lower to pollution level, higher to security requirement advanced treatment of wastewater field, research and application are very few.Because aspects such as condition of water quality, safety performance have bigger difference, BAF is applied to the lower sewage field of Pollutant levels and is still waiting development.And along with the raising day by day of countries and regions sewage drainage standard, and the situation of a lot of urban water supply pollution of waterhead degree aggravations, this The Application of Technology has the vast market space.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of bio-denitrifying sewage dephosphorization process and corollary apparatus, to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, this technology is applicable to the advanced treatment to sewage, is applicable to the pre-treatment to little source of pollution water too.
Technology of the present invention has following characteristics at advanced treatment of wastewater and little source of pollution water pretreatment:
A) influent quality concentration is low, and it is low to load, and belongs to poor nutrient type;
B) effluent quality requires height, and biochemical effect (carbon elimination and denitrogenation), filter effect require high;
C) phosphorus is usually also as an important performance assessment criteria.
One aspect of the present invention, a kind of bio-denitrifying sewage dephosphorization process is provided, it is characterized in that, sewage enters the biofilter material layer from the top of V-type BAF, in described biofilter material layer, carry out nitration reaction and anti-nitration reaction, discharge in the bottom, filter tank through accurate filtering layer, supporting layer and filter successively then.
Technology of the present invention is as a kind of biological carbon and phosphorous removal technology of high-efficiency low energy consumption, the part characteristics of general biological aerated filter process have been organically combined, from the water quality characteristics and actual requirement of sewage of low concentration/little aquaticization of source of pollution preprocessing technical field, on filtrate composition and grating, carried out optimizing and improved.
The downward flow pattern formula of process using sewage of the present invention is guaranteed effluent quality, and the average filtration cycle is long, and filter fly no longer becomes limiting factor.Because load low (average influent quality concentration is low, particularly BOD and SS index), sludge output is few, so average duty cycle can reach 7～10d even higher.
Preferably, the filler of described biofilter material layer adopts ceramic grain filter, these filtrate wide material sources, and the cost performance height can reduce processing cost.When the filler of biofilter material layer was selected the filtrate of 3～5mm particle diameter for use, the height of biofilter material layer was 2～3m; When project occupation of land is nervous, also can adopt the filtrate of 6～8mm particle diameter, this moment, the biofilter material layer height can reach 3～5m.
Preferably, the accurate filtering layer that described biofilter material layer is provided with down adopts quartz sand as filtrate; The preferred quartz sand homogeneous filtering material that adopts, its particle diameter is 0.85～1.30mm, nonuniformity coefficient K
80About 1.2; The virtual height of described accurate filtering layer is 100～200mm, and this height value combines actual production experiment and scientific payoffs: in traditional filter tank, top layer 100～200mm has held back the suspended substance more than 80%.The operation practice shows that adopt technology of the present invention, the water outlet ss suspended solid can reach below the 10mg/L.
The filteration of V-type BAF of the present invention has comprised the coarse filtration effect of biofilter material and the secondary filter effect of quartz sand, the production run practice shows, most suspended matters has been held back in the coarse filtration effect of biofilter material, there are enough water environment capacities in the system that ensured, the secondary filter of quartz sand has then fully ensured effluent quality, the water outlet concentration of suspension can be reduced to 10mg/L even below the 5mg/L, and general BAF effluent quality is wanted much superior (generally BAF water outlet SS is 20mg/L).
Preferably, described supporting layer adopts gravel, and it highly is 60～80mm, is benchmark can evenly cover described filter.
Preferably, the aeration mode of described V-type BAF adopts the boring aeration pipe aeration, described boring aeration pipe is embedded in the biofilter material layer, its bottom is apart from accurate filtering layer 100～150mm, to prevent the disturbance of air to accurate filtering layer, simultaneously can form local anaerobic environment, to finish the demand of denitrification denitrogenation at the biofilter material layer.
Further, the present invention is according to biomembrance process mechanism (top layer microorganism aerobic, inner is to hold concurrently oxygen to anaerobism), by regulating the aeration oxygen-supplying amount to reach synchronous nitration and anti-nitration reaction.Analyze from biomembrane reaction mechanism and a large amount of scientific payoffs and production practice data, when the content DO of dissolved oxygen in the biofilter material layer was controlled at 2～3mg/L, the reaction effect of BAF synchronous nitration and denitrification was comparatively desirable.
Further, the present invention forms the anti-nitration reaction of local anoxic zones with further assurance nitric nitrogen by the preferred arrangement of boring aeration pipe.The bubble ascent direction is at 45 with midperpendicular in the described boring aeration pipe; Described anoxic zones is the lower region of bubble ascent direction in the boring aeration pipe, promptly described bubble ascent direction following biofilter material layer region along the line, as shown in Figure 2.Reach more than 60% for guaranteeing that system's nitric efficiency is stable, this anoxic zones accounts for 10～20% of total pond appearance.The preferred arrangement of described boring aeration pipe is under the condition that guarantees boring aeration pipe aperture flow velocity 9～12m/s, and the spacing by adjusting the boring aeration pipe aperture is adjusted the volume of anoxic zones to adjust the spacing between the boring aeration pipe.
For the water outlet compliance rate is reached more than 90%, for most of town sewages, the nitrated and denitrifying effective reaction time in the biofilter material layer should be 20～40min, and filtering velocity is controlled at 3～5m/h; For some biodegradabilities still can trade effluent, the nitrated and denitrifying effective reaction time in the biofilter material layer should be 60～120min, filtering velocity is controlled at 1.5～3m/h.
As design Chi Rongshi, can only calculate by the nitration reaction process, should get lower load parameter, preferred load parameter is 0.3kgNH
3-N/m
3D.
Preferably, in the technology of the present invention, combined water and air backwash mode and small resistance water wiring system are adopted in back flushing, have water saving, energy-conservation characteristics.Backwashing water intensity can be by 5～8L/m
2The s design; When the filtrate diameter of biofilter material layer was 3～5mm, back flushing air intensity can be by 10L/m
2The s design; When the filtrate diameter of biofilter material layer was 5～8mm, back flushing air intensity can be by 12～15L/m
2The s design.Described small resistance water wiring system can adopt slight drag system conventional in this area, comprises filter plate, strainer head, and the perforate ratio is 1.2%～2.4%.
The present invention on the other hand, a kind of V-type aeration biological filter device that is used for above-mentioned bio-denitrifying sewage dephosphorization process is provided, it is characterized in that, comprise that into water distributes canal, V-type filter tank and combined water and air backwash device, described water inlet distributes canal to be connected with top, V-type filter tank, and bottom, described V-type filter tank is provided with the combined water and air backwash device; Inside, described V-type filter tank is provided with biofilter material layer, accurate filtering layer, supporting layer and filter plate from top to bottom successively, is evenly equipped with filter on the described filter plate, is provided with aerating apparatus in the described biofilter material layer.
Preferably, described aerating apparatus adopts the boring aeration pipe aeration, comprises aeration inlet pipe and boring aeration pipe, and described boring aeration pipe is embedded in the biofilter material layer, and its bottom is apart from accurate filtering layer 100～150mm.The mode of connection of aeration inlet pipe can adopt the usual manner in this area, and the arrangement mode of boring aeration pipe can be adopted as " rich " word layout or monolateral " rich " word arranges that the perforate direction of boring aeration pipe is and midperpendicular staggered perforate at 45.Bubble in the boring aeration pipe rises along the perforate direction, makes the biofilter material layer be divided into the anoxic zones of bottom and the aerobic zone on top.The length of boring aeration pipe, design basic parameter comprise 1) aperture flow velocity 9-12m/s; 2) volume of anoxic zones.
Combined water and air backwash device of the present invention is similar to the V-type filter tank in giving water treatment, by those skilled in the art is known.Preferably, described combined water and air backwash device comprises backwash gas water dispenser groove, air water distribution chamber, back flushing drainage tray; Wherein, the air water distribution chamber is positioned at the below of described filter plate, and backwash gas water dispenser groove is positioned at air water distribution chamber one side, and is communicated with by the air water dispensing orifice with the air water distribution chamber; The back flushing drainage tray is positioned at backwash gas water dispenser groove top, and is communicated with by recoil water draining overflow weir with described V-type filter tank; Described backwash gas water dispenser groove is provided with back flushing inlet pipe, back flushing water inlet pipe and rising pipe, and described back flushing drainage tray is provided with the back flushing water shoot.
Preferably, described filter is fixed on the filter plate, and the upper end of filter probes in the described supporting layer.All the filter plate with the V-type filter tank is identical with the filter structure with filter for filter plate among the present invention, has water saving, energy-conservation characteristics.The filter plate in described V-type filter tank and the structure of filter are known by those skilled in the art.
Preferably, when the filler of biofilter material layer was selected the filtrate of 3～5mm particle diameter for use, the layer height of biofilter material was 2～3m; When project occupation of land is nervous, also can adopt the filtrate of 6～8mm particle diameter, this moment, the height of biofilter material layer can reach 3～5m; The virtual height of described accurate filtering layer is 100～200mm; The height of described supporting layer is 60～80mm, is benchmark can evenly cover described filter.
The operation and the V-type filter tank of V-type BAF of the present invention system are close, and can omnidistancely open as the boring aeration system of aeration; Can be equipped with online full-automatic unmanned operating system, be mainly the keying of scavenging pump, cleaning blower fan and respective valves.
The bio-denitrifying sewage dephosphorization process of V-type BAF of the present invention, abandon the main flow pattern of present upward flow lightweight BAF, to the flow pattern formula, increased accurate filtering layer under adopting, stable effluent quality is superior, is applicable to the pre-treatment of advanced treatment of wastewater and little source of pollution water.
On the actual effect, be treated to example, have the characteristics of following several respects with petrochemical wastewater:
1. effluent quality is superior, by " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB8978-96) the petrochemical industry secondary be increased to the petrochemical industry one-level, wherein below the ammonia nitrogen 5mg/L;
2. the anoxic zones optimization design is taken into account denitrification, acidication function, and organic matter removal and denitrification denitrogenation are effective;
3. in conjunction with the coarse filtration function of biofilter material layer and the essence filter function of accurate filtering layer, it is remarkable to hold back the suspended substance effect, below the water outlet ss suspended solid 10mg/L;
4. adopt plant area's source of the gas, be aided with automation control system, treatment system equipment joint is simple, energy consumption is low.
Description of drawings
The longitudinal plane structure synoptic diagram of Fig. 1 V-type BAF
The signal of the formed aerobic area of Fig. 2 boring aeration pipe aeration oxygen supply territory
Reference numeral: 10 water inlets distribute canal, 11 water inlet pipes, 12 inlet gates, 13V type inlet flume, 21 backwash gas water dispenser grooves, 22 air water distribution chambers, 23 back flushing drainage trays, 24 air water dispensing orifices, 25 recoil water draining overflow weirs, 26 back flushing inlet pipe, 27 back flushing water inlet pipes, 28 rising pipes, 29 back flushing water shoots, 3 biofilter material layers, 4 accurate filtering layers, 5 supporting layers, 6 filter plates, 7 filters, 8 aeration inlet pipe, 9 boring aeration pipes; L boring aeration tube spacing, n boring aeration pipe quantity, B BAF width.
Embodiment
Method of design:
One, main process calculates
It mainly is by analysis and input to influent quality (Pollutant levels) that main process calculates, and draws the specification (Chi Rong etc.) of each section according to relevant method of design (design specifications and rules, industrial experimentation etc.).
The volumetric loading method:
For BAF, determine that with the volumetric loading method reaction tank holds usually:
In the formula, V: biofilter material volume; Q
0: amount of inlet water; C
0: influent quality concentration; Ce: effluent quality concentration; F: pollutant load.
Following principal reaction process is taking place in the V-type BAF simultaneously:
1. organic bio-degradation reactions;
2. ammonia nitrogen nitration reaction;
3. the anti-nitration reaction of nitric nitrogen;
4. the filteration of filtrate.
Because the effect that the air oxygenation is stirred, V-type aeration and biological pond belongs to typical complete (CSTR) pattern.2. and 4. important for advanced treatment of wastewater and little source of pollution water pretreatment, though above-mentioned several effect is all very important, from the biochemical reaction principle as can be seen, reaction process.Because condition of water quality homogeneous (characteristics of hybrid reaction fully), water outlet concentration C e is the concentration of V-type aeration and biological pool inner water body, belong to serious poor organotrophy class water quality,, can not consider that reaction process 1. so it is higher to remove on-waterborne solubility non-degradable/difficult degradation type organic concentration; By the aeration tube preferred arrangement, can suitably form local anoxic zones to finish reaction process 3., perhaps finish to reach synchronous nitration and denitrification by regulating the aeration oxygen-supplying amount (biomembrance process mechanism: the top layer microorganism aerobic, inner is to hold concurrently oxygen to anaerobism).The filteration of V-type BAF has comprised the coarse filtration effect of biofilter material and the secondary filter effect of quartz sand, the production run practice shows, most suspended matters has been held back in the coarse filtration effect of biofilter material, there are enough water environment capacities in the system that ensured, the secondary filter of quartz sand has then fully ensured effluent quality, the water outlet concentration of suspension can be reduced to 10mg/L even below the 5mg/L, and general BAF effluent quality is wanted much superior (generally adopting 20mg/L).
By " Code for design of outdoor sewerage engineering " (GB50014-2006): the volumetric loading of BAF should determine according to testing data, and during no testing data, the organism volumetric loading is preferably 3～6kgBOD
5/ m
3D, nitrated volumetric loading is preferably 0.3～0.8kgNH
3-N/m
3D, the denitrification volumetric loading is preferably 0.8～4.0kgNO
3-N/m
3D.
According to aforementioned analysis, transform practical experience in conjunction with a plurality of Sewage Plant, the pond of V-type BAF is installed with meter can be by only 2. carrying out by reaction process.Analyze from biomembrane reaction mechanism and a large amount of scientific payoffs and production practice data, rationally controlling on the basis of DO, the reaction effect of BAF while nitration denitrification is comparatively desirable.When only 2. calculating, should get lower load parameter (suggestion 0.3kgNH by reaction process
3-N/m
3D).Check as design, can set anoxic zones (angle is by 45 °) by the optimization design that aeration tube lays spacing, as shown in Figure 2.
For some biodegradabilities still can trade effluent, biochemical reaction speed is slower, can leave big aerobic area territory during design for acidication, as petrochemical wastewater etc.For this type of occasion, because the function in aerobic area territory changes to some extent, this partial volume should add up (but can no longer count the denitrification space) separately.
Testing data:
In conjunction with a large amount of productivity practices, for most of town sewages and some biodegradabilities still can trade effluent (biochemical reaction speed is slower, leave big aerobic area territory for acidication, as petrochemical wastewater etc.), for compliance rate is reached more than 90%, the correlation test data that is accumulated has (town sewage is preceding, and typical industry waste water is in the back):
Effective reaction time (biofilter material zone): 20～40min, 60～120mir;
Filtering velocity: 3～5m/h, 1.5～3m/h.
Design about single lattice filter tank area:
Because the layout of V-type BAF aeration tube has been strengthened the waterpower stirring, simultaneously the design of anoxic zones is optimized more, can there be when V-type filter tank area is excessive in the water treatment the easily situation of short stream, so single lattice filter tank area definite no longer is subjected to the restriction in V-type filter tank.
When considering that usually area is excessive during design, can cause the flushing water pump model bigger, power load is bigger in the corresponding short period of time; But from reducing the pond number, reducing investment, the aspect that simplifies the operation, it is greatly more suitable that single lattice filter tank area is got as far as possible.
In light of the circumstances, take all factors into consideration the distribution facility ability to bear, finish optimization design single lattice filter tank area.
Two, major equipment design
Processing unit of the present invention mainly contains: oxygen supply blower fan, flushing blower fan, wash-water pump, valve module etc.
The oxygen supply blower fan:
Operation shows, the DO level is controlled at 2～3mg/L and gets final product during the operation of V-type BAF; (3～5mm), oxygen-transfer efficiency can be by 30% because the biofilter material particle diameter that most occasions adopt is less.For Sewage Plant upgrading project, can with the shared source of the gas of plant area.
The flushing blower fan:
The biofilter material particle diameter is less, and (under 3～5mm) the situation, V-type BAF back flushing air intensity can be by 10L/m
2S can be by 12～15L/m during 5～8mm
2S.Handle for low concentration of water, the gap between flushing out air amount and the oxygen supply air capacity is sometimes very little, can take all factors into consideration configuration when specific design; For Sewage Plant upgrading project, equally can with the shared source of the gas of plant area.
Wash-water pump:
V-type BAF design backwashing water intensity can be by 5～8L/m
2S.
Embodiment 1V type aeration biological filter device
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal plane structure synoptic diagram of V-type BAF of the present invention, as can be seen from the figure, top, V-type filter tank is provided with into, and water distributes canal 10, water inlet distributes canal 10 bottoms to be provided with water inlet pipe 11, water inlet distributes canal 10 and junction, filter tank to be provided with inlet gate 12, by inlet gate 12 control flooding quantitys.
As shown in Figure 1, bottom, V-type filter tank is provided with the combined water and air backwash device, and described combined water and air backwash device comprises backwash gas water dispenser groove 21, air water distribution chamber 22, back flushing drainage tray 23; Wherein, air water distribution chamber 22 is positioned at the below of described filter plate 6, and backwash gas water dispenser groove 21 is positioned at air water distribution chamber 22 1 sides, and is connected by air water dispensing orifice 24 with air water distribution chamber 22; Back flushing drainage tray 23 is positioned at backwash gas water dispenser groove 21 tops, and is connected by recoil water overflow weir 25 with described V-type filter tank; Described backwash gas water dispenser groove 21 is provided with back flushing inlet pipe 26, back flushing water inlet pipe 27 and rising pipe 28, and described back flushing drainage tray 23 is provided with back flushing water shoot 29.The water that rising pipe 28 is used for handling well is discharged.
Inside, V-type filter tank is provided with biofilter material layer 3, accurate filtering layer 4, supporting layer 5 and filter plate 6 from top to bottom successively, is evenly equipped with filter 7 on the filter plate 6.Filter 7 is fixed on the filter plate 6, and the upper end of filter 6 probes in the supporting layer.When the filler of biofilter material layer was selected the filtrate of 3～5mm particle diameter for use, the layer height of biofilter material was 2～3m; When project occupation of land is nervous, also can adopt the filtrate of 6～8mm particle diameter, this moment, the biofilter material layer height can reach 5m; The virtual height of described accurate filtering layer is 100～200mm; The height of described supporting layer is 60～80mm, is benchmark can evenly cover described filter.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, be provided with aerating apparatus in the biofilter material layer 3, comprise aeration inlet pipe 8 and boring aeration pipe 9, boring aeration pipe 8 is embedded in the biofilter material layer 3, and its bottom is apart from accurate filtering layer 100～150mm.The mode of connection of aeration inlet pipe can adopt the usual manner in this area, and the arrangement mode of boring aeration pipe can be adopted as " rich " word layout or monolateral " rich " word is arranged, its perforate direction is for becoming the staggered perforate of 45 degree with midperpendicular.The material of aeration inlet pipe 8 and boring aeration pipe 9 is a stainless steel.
Embodiment 2 Tahe branch office of Sinopec Group sewage-farm improvement projects
Project overview:
Tahe branch office of China petroleum chemical engineering Stock Co., Ltd is located in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions's Kuqa County, and along with the increasing of state guarantee water source and water saving law enforcement dynamics, the furthermore rise of water price, water-saving and emission-reducing work have formally been classified as the work schedule of enterprise.This project is on the basis of original flow process, build V-type BAF deep biochemical system in end, with sewage work's final outflow water by " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB8978-96) the petrochemical industry secondary be increased to the petrochemical industry first class index, also be later stage reusing sewage project foundation up to standard simultaneously.This project dropped into commencement of commercial operation in 2005.
The project basic condition is as follows:
Design scale: 150m
3/ h
Design raw water quality: COD
Cr120mg/L, NH
3-N 25mg/L, SS 150mg/L
Design effluent quality: COD
Cr60mg/L, NH
3-N 15mg/L, SS 70mg/L
Design volumetric loading: 0.90kg CODCr/m
3D, 0.15kg NH
3-N/m
3D
It is the haydite of 3-5mm that the biofilter material layer adopts particle diameter, highly is 2.6m; It is the quartz sand of 0.95～1.35mm that accurate filtering layer adopts particle diameter, and it highly is 125mm; Control DO level is at 2-3mg/L; Effective reaction time is 95min, and filtering velocity is 1.6m/h.Boring aeration pipe adopts " rich " font to arrange, boring aeration pipe aperture flow velocity 9m/s, and anoxic zones accounts for 10% of total pond appearance.
Operation result:
Practical operation situation is as follows:
Operation scale: 150m
3/ h
The equal water quality of former level: COD
Cr80mg/L, NH
3-N 15mg/L, SS 60mg/L
The average water quality of water outlet: COD
Cr50mg/L, NH
3-N 5mg/L, SS 9mg/L
The average cycle of operation: 10d
It is main technology that middle water reuse project adopts two embrane method (ultrafiltration-reverse osmosis) desalinations, builds also in 2008 and puts into operation smoothly.Compare with similar petroleum chemical enterprise wastewater reusing device, the stability of this covering device is better, also shown indirectly as in the superior performance handled of the pretreated Bio-V deep biochemical of water reuse.
Embodiment 2 Qingjian River branch office of Sinopec Group sewage-farm improvement projects
Project overview:
Qingjian River branch office of China petroleum chemical engineering Stock Co., Ltd is located in the Huai, Jiangsu Province, similar with preceding project, on the basis of original flow process, build V-type BAF deep biochemical system in end, with the sewage-farm final outflow water by " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB8978-96) the petrochemical industry secondary be increased to " the main pollution discharge standard of Jiangsu Province's provincial standard chemistry industry " first discharge standard in (DB32/939-2006).This project will drop into commencement of commercial operation the end of the year 2008.
The project basic condition is as follows:
Design scale: 150m
3/ h
Design raw water quality: COD
Cr120mg/L, NH
3-N 30mg/L, SS 150mg/L
Design effluent quality: COD
Cr60mg/L, NH
3-N 15mg/L, SS 70mg/L
Design volumetric loading: 0.72kg COD
Cr/ m
3D, 0.18kg NH
3-N/m
3D
It is the haydite of 3-5mm that the biofilter material layer adopts particle diameter, highly is 2m; It is the quartz sand of 0.95-1.35mm that accurate filtering layer adopts particle diameter, and it highly is 100mm; Control DO level is at 2-3mg/L; Effective reaction time is 120min, and filtering velocity is 1.0m/h.Boring aeration pipe adopts monolateral " rich " font to arrange, boring aeration pipe aperture flow velocity 12m/s, and anoxic zones accounts for 15% of total pond appearance.
Operation result:
Practical operation situation is as follows:
Operation scale: 150m
3/ h
The equal water quality of former level: COD
Cr110mg/L, NH
3-N 45mg/L, SS 80mg/L
The average water quality of water outlet: COD
Cr55mg/L, NH
3-N 8mg/L, SS 9mg/L
The average cycle of operation: 7d.
Claims (10)
1. bio-denitrifying sewage dephosphorization process, it is characterized in that, sewage enters the biofilter material layer from the top of V-type BAF, carries out nitration reaction and anti-nitration reaction in described biofilter material layer, discharges in the bottom, filter tank through accurate filtering layer, supporting layer and filter successively then.
2. bio-denitrifying sewage dephosphorization process as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the filtrate of described accurate filtering layer is a quartz sand, and the particle diameter of described quartz sand is 0.85～1.30mm, and the height of described accurate filtering layer is 100～200mm.
3. bio-denitrifying sewage dephosphorization process as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the content DO of dissolved oxygen is 2～3mg/L in the biofilter material layer.
4. bio-denitrifying sewage dephosphorization process as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the aeration mode of described V-type BAF adopts the boring aeration pipe aeration, and described boring aeration pipe is embedded in the biofilter material layer, and its bottom is apart from accurate filtering layer 100～150mm.
5. bio-denitrifying sewage dephosphorization process as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the bubble ascent direction is at 45 with midperpendicular in the described boring aeration pipe, and described bubble ascent direction following biofilter material layer region along the line is an anoxic zones, and described anoxic zones accounts for 10～20% of total pond appearance; Described boring aeration pipe aperture flow velocity is 9～12m/s.
6. bio-denitrifying sewage dephosphorization process as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, for town sewage, the nitrated and denitrifying effective reaction time in the biofilter material layer is 20～40min, and filtering velocity is 3～5m/h; For trade effluent, the nitrated and denitrifying effective reaction time in the biofilter material layer is 60～120min, and filtering velocity is 1.5～3m/h.
7. bio-denitrifying sewage dephosphorization process as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described V-type BAF adopts combined water and air backwash mode and small resistance water wiring system; Backwashing water intensity is by 5～8L/m
2The s design; When the filtrate diameter of biofilter material layer was 3～5mm, back flushing air intensity was pressed 10L/m
2The s design; When the filtrate diameter of biofilter material layer was 5～8mm, back flushing air intensity was by 12～15L/m
2The s design.
8. V-type BAF that is used for as technology as described in the arbitrary claim of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, comprise that into water distributes canal, V-type filter tank and combined water and air backwash device, described water inlet distributes canal to be connected with top, V-type filter tank, and bottom, described V-type filter tank is provided with the combined water and air backwash device; Inside, described V-type filter tank is provided with biofilter material layer, accurate filtering layer, supporting layer and filter plate from top to bottom successively, is evenly equipped with filter on the described filter plate, is provided with aerating apparatus in the described biofilter material layer.
9. V-type BAF as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that described aerating apparatus comprises aeration inlet pipe and boring aeration pipe, and described boring aeration pipe is embedded in the biofilter material layer, and its bottom is apart from accurate filtering layer 100～150mm; The arrangement mode of described boring aeration pipe adopts " rich " word to arrange or monolateral " rich " word is arranged; The perforate direction of described boring aeration pipe is for becoming the staggered perforate of 45 degree with midperpendicular.
10. V-type BAF as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described combined water and air backwash device comprises backwash gas water dispenser groove, air water distribution chamber, back flushing drainage tray; Wherein, the air water distribution chamber is positioned at the below of described filter plate, and backwash gas water dispenser groove is positioned at air water distribution chamber one side, and is communicated with by the air water dispensing orifice with the air water distribution chamber; The back flushing drainage tray is positioned at backwash gas water dispenser groove top, and is communicated with by recoil water draining overflow weir with described V-type filter tank; Described backwash gas water dispenser groove is provided with back flushing inlet pipe, back flushing water inlet pipe and rising pipe, and described back flushing drainage tray is provided with the back flushing water shoot.
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| CN2009102067700A CN101734829B (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2009-12-29 | Biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process of sewage and matched device of V-shaped biological aerated filter pool |
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