CN105645590B - 一种太阳能驱动的水循环净化生物生态岛 - Google Patents
一种太阳能驱动的水循环净化生物生态岛 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105645590B CN105645590B CN201510959672.XA CN201510959672A CN105645590B CN 105645590 B CN105645590 B CN 105645590B CN 201510959672 A CN201510959672 A CN 201510959672A CN 105645590 B CN105645590 B CN 105645590B
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- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound 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[O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M nitrite anion Chemical compound 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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Abstract
本发明公开了一种太阳能驱动的水循环净化生物生态岛，包括1个太阳能水循环复氧设备，2个微生物处理箱，2组生态浮床，太阳能水循环复氧设备与2个微生物处理箱的出水口用T形水管相连，生态浮床位于微生物处理箱上方。太阳能水循环复氧设备带动处理区水进入微生物处理箱，水中的污染物质在固定化微生物的作用下得以去除，出水被太阳能水循环复氧设备抽出，提升至水体表层以层流状缓慢推出，整个循环过程既促进了处理区水体的流动又使水体得以复氧。本发明以太阳能为能源，将循环复氧技术、固定化微生物技术、生态浮床技术结合在一起，在高效去除污染物的同时增强水体的自净能力，从而实现受污染水体的原位修复，生态浮岛的设置具有一定的景观效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水环境生态修复技术领域，涉及一种利用太阳能驱动的水循环净化的生物生态岛。
背景技术
近年来，社会经济的快速发展也给环境带来了严重的危害，工业废水、生活污水、生活垃圾的随意排放，使一些河流、湖泊等地表水出现了大面积的富营养化。水体富营养化不仅造成水的透明度降低，阳光难以穿透水层，从而影响水中植物的光合作用和氧气的释放，同时浮游生物的大量繁殖会消耗水中的氧，造成好氧生物的大量死亡，使水生生态系统紊乱。另一方面，水体底层堆积的有机物质在厌氧条件下分解也会产生有害气体和难闻气味，且水体中的亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐超标，人畜长期饮用会造成中毒致病。因此，水污染问题已对人们的生活构成了严重威胁，成为亟需解决的环境问题之一。
目前，常规水环境修复主要技术有：曝气复氧、生物膜法以及水生态系统的构建与修复。其中曝气复氧技术通常利用机械曝气对水体进行充氧，不仅能耗高、噪声大、运行费用高，而且与生态环境的和谐性相悖。生物膜法是利用附着生长在某些固体介质表面的微生物即生物膜进行水处理的方法，生物膜法不外乎生物滤池、生物转盘、生物接触氧化法、好氧生物流化床四种类型，而工程实施过程需要对土建部分进行选址、协调、投资等。水生态系统的构建与修复主要以生态浮床为主，通过浮床上栽种的水生植物对水体中过量的营养物质进行吸收利用，但水生植物生长存在明显的季节性，且处理周期长。而且目前以上技术多为单一技术，仅以改善水环境的某一方面为侧重点，因而对于不同功能水体的净化具有一定的局限性。
当前，针对污染水体治理的方法也有很多，其中授权号为CN 203238591 U的专利：一种太阳能治理污染水体的生态浮岛，公开了利用太阳能提供动力带动生物转轮转动、生物转轮内放置装有固定化微生物菌剂的聚丙烯悬浮球、水生种植篮添加吸附填料等方面的技术方案，该系统主要依靠生物转轮内的微生物对处理水域污染物进行降解，但转轮的直径受尺寸的限制较大，处理水量大时，氧化槽深度有限，因此该方法对处理水域面积及水深均有一定的限制。授权号为CN 102674557 A的专利：太阳能浮岛水体修复成套设备，公开了一种利用太阳能提供动力、使用曝气造流装置和生物浮岛系统进行景观水体原位修复的成套设备，设备适合应用于景观水体等小型水体，限制了其在大面积水域的应用。授权号为CN102126783 A的专利：微污染开放水体修复方法及装置，公开了一种利用太阳能水体循环及复氧系统使水运动经过悬浮在水体中的填料单元，进而降解水中污染物的方法，该方法载体上的微生物极易流失且处理能力有限，对水体污染程度、水域面积及水体流动性均有一定的要求，不适合应用于污染较严重的水体。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种太阳能驱动的水循环净化生物生态岛，利用太阳能水循环复氧设备带动处理区水进入微生物处理箱，水中的污染物质在固定化微生物的作用下得以去除，出水被太阳能水循环复氧设备抽出，提升至水体表层以层流状缓慢推出，整个循环过程既促进了处理区水体的流动又使水体得以复氧，同时被抽走的水由邻近的水体替代，从而对水体进行循环修复。
本发明的技术方案为，一种太阳能驱动的水循环净化生物生态岛，包括1个太阳能水循环复氧设备1，2个微生物处理箱2和2个生态浮床3，其特征在于：太阳能水循环复氧设备1和微生物处理箱2通过水管16连接，每个微生物处理箱2上设置一个生态浮床3。
所述太阳能水循环复氧设备1包括主机11、太阳能光电板12、涡轮14、水管16、分水盘13和浮筒15，主机11与太阳能光电板12通过电控柜相连，涡轮14安装在主机11处并与水管16相连，分水盘13焊接在主机11上，浮筒15安装于主机11的外侧，所述太阳能水循环复氧设备1通过锚定系统17固定于水体。
所述微生物处理箱2包括与太阳能水循环复氧设备1相连接的箱体和箱体内装设的水处理用微生物固定化载体。
所述生态浮床3包括位于微生物处理箱2上的浮体及其上种植的湿地挺水植物。
所述水管16为T形，材质为内镶304不锈钢钢丝的PVC水管。
所述太阳能光电板12由6块90W的光电板排列组成。
所述微生物固定化载体为具有高比表面积的多孔载体。
所述的生态浮床3的材质为PE或类似的环保材料，浮体上种植有湿地挺水植物。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1.在现有技术的基础上，将太阳能水循环复氧技术、生物膜法技术、生态净化技术集成出一种新的水环境修复技术。
2.以太阳能为能源，绿色节能。
3.污染物去除负荷高：微生物处理箱内填充具有高比表面积的多孔载体，生物量比常规的生物技术高，污染物去除负荷高，耐冲击性强，且系统内能够实现同步硝化反硝化，对氮的去除效果尤其显著，平均去除率可达80％以上。
4.处理面积大：经微生物处理箱和水生植物浮床处理后的水被吸出，在分水盘的作用下，提升到表层以层流状缓慢推出而形成表面流扩散，增大设备的覆盖面积。
5.增强水体自净能力：表面流的形成使表层水体不断更新，不仅有助于改善水体的表面张力，而且提高了大气和水面的氧浓度梯度，从而加快了水气界面大气复氧速度。另外，水体的交换循环改善了水体溶解氧及营养盐分层状况，使整个水体溶解氧含量明显提高，从而增强处理区水体的自净能力。
6.水生植物浮床的设置既能够吸收一部分污染物，又能使整个处理系统与周围环境相协调，起到一定的景观作用。
附图说明
图1本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图来对本发明进行详细说明。
如图1所示，本发明的一种太阳能驱动的水循环净化生物生态岛的结构为，包括1个太阳能水循环复氧设备1，2个微生物处理箱2和2个生态浮床3，太阳能水循环复氧设备1和微生物处理箱2通过水管16连接，每个微生物处理箱2上设置一个生态浮床3。
所述太阳能水循环复氧设备1包括主机11、太阳能光电板12、涡轮14、水管16、分水盘13和浮筒15，主机11与太阳能光电板12通过电控柜相连，涡轮14安装在主机11处并与水管16相连，分水盘13焊接在主机11上，浮筒15安装于主机11的外侧，所述太阳能水循环复氧设备1通过锚定系统17固定于水体。
所述太阳能水循环复氧设备1，利用太阳能光电板12将太阳能转换为电能，电能驱动主机11工作，带动涡轮14驱动，将经微生物和植物处理后的水提升到表层形成表面流，被抽走的水由邻近的水替代，从而形成循环处理。
所述水管16为内镶304不锈钢钢丝的PVC水管，呈T型，连接太阳能水循环修复设备1和两个微生物处理箱2。
微生物处理箱2包括与太阳能水循环复氧设备相连接的箱体和箱体内装设的的水处理用微生物固定化载体；
所述微生物固定化载体为具有高比表面积的多孔载体，使微生物处理箱中的生物量比常规的生物技术的生物量高出10-20倍，微生物总量最高可达30-40g/L，因此，能够在短水力停留时间快速去除污染物，耐冲击性强；而且生物膜内的溶氧随生物膜厚度递减，使同一个处理区域同时存在好氧、缺氧、厌氧段，实现同步硝化反硝化，因此对氮的去处效果尤为显著，平均去除率可达80％以上。
所述生态浮床3置于微生物处理箱2上方，浮体为高分子材料，运用无土栽培技术在上面种植湿地挺水植物，挺水植物以混栽的方式栽种本地植物或耐性较强的植物，以提高植物群落多样性。
浮筒15为一个圆锥形或者椭圆柱形的筒，浮筒的弧度圆锥体设计使分水盘中出水水流障碍最小，从而达到较大的流长。同时，浮筒的弧形设计减少了风的影响及对环境美观的影响，并可有效避免被压力损坏。
实施例1
在一种实施中，箱体内部分为1-3节处理，水处理用微生物固定化载体包括Φ1.5-2.0mm、Φ3.0-4.0mm、Φ5.0-7.0mm三种规格，按照尺寸从大到小依次从进水侧填充到三节处理箱中。
生态浮床3包括位于微生物处理箱上的浮体及其上种植的湿地挺水植物；
实施例2
湿地挺水植物为本地种植物或耐性较强的植物，鸢尾、菖蒲、茨菇、茭草、芦苇等。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上，但它们并不是用来限定本发明的，任何熟习此技艺者，在不脱离本发明之精神和范围内，自当可作各种变化或润饰，因此本发明的保护范围应当以本申请的权利要求保护范围所界定的为准。
Claims (5)
1.一种太阳能驱动的水循环净化生物生态岛，包括1个太阳能水循环复氧设备（1），2个微生物处理箱（2）和2个生态浮床（3），其特征在于：太阳能水循环复氧设备（1）和微生物处理箱（2）通过水管（16）连接，每个微生物处理箱（2）上设置一个生态浮床（3），所述太阳能水循环复氧设备（1）包括主机（11）、太阳能光电板（12）、涡轮（14）、水管（16）、分水盘（13）和浮筒（15），主机（11）与太阳能光电板（12）通过电控柜相连，涡轮（14）安装在主机（11）处并与水管（16）相连，分水盘（13）焊接在主机（11）上，浮筒（15）安装于主机（11）的外侧，所述太阳能水循环复氧设备（1）通过锚定系统（17）固定于水体；所述微生物处理箱（2）包括与太阳能水循环复氧设备（1）相连接的箱体和箱体内装设的水处理用微生物固定化载体；所述微生物固定化载体为具有高比表面积的多孔载体。
2.如权利要求1所述的太阳能驱动的水循环净化生物生态岛，其特征在于：所述生态浮床（3）包括位于微生物处理箱（2）上的浮体及其上种植的湿地挺水植物。
3.如权利要求1所述的太阳能驱动的水循环净化生物生态岛，其特征在于：所述水管（16）为T形，材质为内镶304不锈钢钢丝的PVC水管。
4.如权利要求1所述的太阳能驱动的水循环净化生物生态岛，其特征在于：所述太阳能光电板（12）由6块90W的光电板排列组成。
5.如权利要求2所述太阳能驱动的水循环净化生物生态岛，其特征在于：所述的生态浮床（3）的材质为PE，浮体上种植有湿地挺水植物。
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