CN105643057B - A kind of narrow gap arc welding welding wire is to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device - Google Patents
A kind of narrow gap arc welding welding wire is to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105643057B CN105643057B CN201610152254.4A CN201610152254A CN105643057B CN 105643057 B CN105643057 B CN 105643057B CN 201610152254 A CN201610152254 A CN 201610152254A CN 105643057 B CN105643057 B CN 105643057B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
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Abstract
The present invention relates to one kind for welding gun adaptive tracing welding groove during narrow gap arc welding, relate more specifically to a kind of narrow gap arc welding welding wire to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device, including board-like narrow clearance welding gun, welding gun seat, welding gun oscillation mechanism, side wall elastic pedestal, lateral deviation spring, perseverance are away from support meanss, center position-limit mechanism, revolution relocation mechanism and laterally floating mechanism；It can reliably prevent welding wire to the over range deviation of two groove side wall distances and the various weld defects that cause occur.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind for welding gun adaptive tracing welding groove during narrow gap arc welding, more specifically relate to
And a kind of narrow gap arc welding welding wire to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device, so as to by preventing welding wire to two grooves
The over range deviation of side wall distance and the various weld defects that cause occur.
Background technology
" narrow gap welding " concept has been led as equipment manufacturing already since last century, early sixties were proposed by American
Domain, overcome the welded welding productivity of slab, special heavy plate low and the most effective technology of the high limitation of welding production cost way
Footpath.For conventional arc soldering method, the welding groove filling area of narrow gap arc welding is greatly reduced, and typically reduces ratio
Example is between 30%~80%.Welding groove filling area is greatly reduced, and causes welding electrode (under the conditions of narrow gap arc welding
Multi-purpose welding wire or tungsten electrode) axis and welding groove surface angle it is minimum, sometimes almost nil, energy in the arc axis of welding wire end
Metric density highest central area will be difficult to be applied on welding groove surface, therefore two groove side wall under the conditions of narrow gap arc welding
Reliable fusion become the biggest problem.The developmental research of narrow gap welding connection technology in decades, most research contents are several
All concentrate on this.During such as narrow gap tungsten electrode argon arc welding, the tungsten electrode rotation of end bending；Wave welds during narrow gap gas shielded arc welding
Silk (bending welding wire), intertwined filler wires (bending welding wire), fixed lateral deviation welding wire, rotation lateral deviation welding wire etc.；Using thick welding wire high current
It is that reliably fusion is invented to solve two side to be welded with silk and be biased against the technologies such as the narrow-clearance submerged arc welding of groove side wall.
The inventive technique that above-mentioned various electrodes deflect to two side is used alone, and still thoroughly can not reliably solve two side
Fuse problem, it is necessary to use in conjunction welding gun center is put down by the adaptive tracing technology of two groove side walls positioned at welding gun center
Tungsten electrode or welding wire on face, when welding gun central plane overlaps with the welding groove central plane of reality, the tungsten electrode of bending or weldering
The electric arc of silk end could be equidistant with two side and apart from correct, and arcing distance side wall otherwise will occur may melt compared with nearside
Close, and incomplete fusion may occur compared with distal side.Welding gun center to the adaptive tracing technology of groove center (or Weld pipe mill) although
Using less extensively in production, but must relative maturity unexpectedly.Weld seam transverse direction adaptive tracing technology such as based on linear laser, is based on
The weld seam adaptive tracing technology of three-dimensional laser, the weld seam transverse direction adaptive tracing technology based on Array CCD treatment technology,
The machinery sensing weld seam (number of patent application to be floated based on three-dimensional：201410487171.1) adaptive tracing technology etc..
Above-mentioned various weld seam adaptive tracing technologies, typically can solve welding gun center to degree of precision (such as ± 0.1mm) and put down
Face and the COINCIDENCE PROBLEMS of Weld pipe mill plane, but it is adaptive to be difficult to the high-precision constant for highly reliably solving welding wire to side wall distance
Tracking problem, i.e. prior art are remained in following notable limitations：(1) existing sensing technology degree of precision extraction welding groove table
The developed width deviation in face is more accurate, but weld width (the welding groove table of the current layer adjacent place of degree of precision extract real-time
Distance in the range of the following weldment through thickness in face between two groove faces) it is extremely difficult, and weld seam total length direction is gone up a slope in actual production
Orifacial angle, assembly clearance, the various errors always objective reality of linearity and flatness, this will cause the real-time of current layer
Groove width always real-time change；(2) even if the degree of precision extract real-time actual welds width of current layer, it is necessary to
High-precision weld width is established with welding wire to groove side wall constant distance model, correct control strategy, compared with high response speed
The closed-loop adaptive control system such as welding torch position adjustment actuating mechanism guarantee, wherein real-time weld width deviation, deviation side
To identification, the real-time calculating of regulated quantity, the response speed of executing agency and degree of regulation etc., welding wire is all directly affected to side wall
The constant control accuracy of distance, prior art is there is not yet tracking accuracy and response speed are more satisfactory under the conditions of narrow gap arc welding
Welding wire to side wall apart from constant control technology；In conventional arc weldering field based on non-contact sensing (laser, image etc.)
The welding wire of method to side wall apart from constant tracking control technology, but there is system hardware and software is complicated, control signal extraction is difficult,
Cost height, poor anti jamming capability, the notable limitation of poor reliability, and in the narrow gap arc welding field technology there is not yet.
The content of the invention
The above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly what is be addressed by following technical proposals：
A kind of narrow gap arc welding welding wire is to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device, it is characterised in that including board-like
Narrow clearance welding gun, the welding gun seat for fixing board-like narrow clearance welding gun；Welding gun seat middle and lower part is open cavity structure；Cavity knot
The top of structure is provided with welding gun oscillation mechanism welding gun oscillation mechanism；Side wall elastic pedestal is provided with the top of welding gun, bearing inwall is provided with
Lateral deviation spring；The rectangular window of the permanent working end bottommost ceramic nozzle both sides that board-like narrow clearance welding gun is arranged on away from support meanss
Interior, center position-limit mechanism is located at the left and right of board-like narrow clearance welding gun and supports what can be turned round during welding gun motion to return
Turn the laterally floating mechanism of relocation mechanism and traverse motion.
In a kind of above-mentioned narrow gap arc welding welding wire to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device, described is board-like narrow
Gap welding gun is Integral plate type structure, has been internally integrated wire feed passage, has once protected gas passage and gas diverter, self-loopa
Water cooling runner, external harmoniousness have conductive access seat, high-temp. resisting composite insulation structure, and working tips have dedicated ceramic nozzle；
Welding gun seat profile is rectangle, and middle and lower part is open cavity structure；The top of cavity structure is integrated with torch swinging
Mechanism, the mechanism is by being located at the axis hole group of the cavity top outstanding fulcrum vertical with vertical direction and board-like narrow clearance welding gun top
Into.The outstanding fulcrum one end is arranged on the left and right ends of welding gun seat, and the other end is arranged in the axis hole on board-like narrow clearance welding gun top；
After board-like narrow clearance welding gun and the assembling of the outstanding fulcrum at both ends, board-like narrow clearance welding gun can be in the open end cavity structure of welding gun seat
Fore-and-aft direction is narrow depending on amplitude of fluctuation is according to the welding gun drift angle needed for application scenario and welding gun height along outstanding fulcrum pivot
Its amplitude of oscillation is much smaller than ± 3 ° when gap gas shielded arc welding is applied.Outstanding fulcrum is typically without rotation, on board-like narrow clearance welding gun
The axle bed hole in portion can be sliding bearing structure, or be rolling bearing structure, and the clearance hanged between fulcrum and bearing is the smaller the better.Foundation
Application requirement is different, and the welding gun seat can hang branch installation one board-like narrow clearance welding gun or two and the board-like narrow gap welding of the above
Rifle, but mutually must reliably be insulated between welding gun and welding gun.Insulating method can be that welding gun seat is manufactured with insulating materials, can also
It is that welding gun seat is manufactured with metal material, insulation knot is set between the axle bed hole of board-like narrow clearance welding gun and the welding gun seat of metal material
Structure.
The fore-and-aft direction (i.e. weld seam is horizontal) of welding gun seat is provided with lateral deviation elastic pedestal.Lateral deviation elastic pedestal may be designed to and weld
The overall structure of gun platform one, it may be designed as split but can be coupled integral seat structure with welding gun seat, but must after connection
There must be the same rigidity of welding gun seat and there can not be relative motion.Spring base is installed on lateral deviation elastic pedestal and welding gun drift angle is adjusted
Regulating device.Spring base can be press spring base or spring base, after spring installation, should design board-like narrow clearance welding gun
The amplitude of oscillation (as ± 3 °) in the range of fixed deviation groove side, and there is suitable elastic pressure to groove side wall, it is minimum
Elastic pressure is not less than 5N.Welding gun drift angle governor motion is the machine for making board-like narrow clearance welding gun be moved to elastic pressure opposite direction
Structure, the step-less adjustment apart from setting value for welding wire to side wall.Regulation setting after, the mechanism should be able to self-locking, such as lateral deviation elastic force
It is screw on support, interior loading screw realizes the regulation of welding gun drift angle to overcome elastic pressure.
In a kind of above-mentioned narrow gap arc welding welding wire to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device, perseverance is away from supporting mechanism
It is made up of roller seat, support rollers and roller axle.Roller seat is rectangular block shape structure, and support rollers and roller are installed in one end open
Axle, assembling rear support roller can be with respect to roller seat smooth pivotal.Support rollers have the ceramic material of high-temperature insulation concurrently with anti-wear performance height
Material manufacture, roller seat are manufactured with brass or fine copper, and roller axle can be manufactured with the high stainless steel material of heat resistance.Support is installed in roller seat
Spraying ceramic coat after the outer surface plucking of the part-structure of roller, remaining two sides contacted with board-like narrow clearance welding gun should be deep
Plucking is spent, to prevent contact surface is relative from sliding.The permanent work that board-like narrow clearance welding gun is arranged on away from supporting mechanism after the completion of manufacture
In the rectangular window for making end bottommost ceramic nozzle both sides, in the thickness direction screw lock of board-like narrow clearance welding gun.Loosen
Overall perseverance is stretched away from supporting mechanism along the thickness direction of board-like narrow clearance welding gun after lock-screw, you can step-less adjustment welding wire to weldering
The distance for connecing groove side wall gives, when gage of wire is 1.2mm, the distance at welding wire center to side wall commonly use 1.5mm~
6.0mm。
In a kind of above-mentioned narrow gap arc welding welding wire to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device, relocation mechanism is turned round
It is made up of the seat of honour, lower seat, arc-shaped guide rail and arc shaped slider.The seat of honour is simultaneously provided with straight-line guide rail slide block (for harden structure), another
Face is provided with arc-shaped guide rail；After the straight-line guide rail slide block at the seat of honour is installed with the horizontal line slideway on welding gun height sliding block, the seat of honour
Can transversely line slideway gapless laterally floating.Lower seat (for harden structure) one side installation arc shaped slider, another side pass through screw
Directly it is connected with welding gun seat；After the arc-shaped guide rail installation of arc shaped slider and the seat of honour on lower seat, board-like narrow clearance welding gun, welding gun
Seat, welding gun oscillation mechanism, lateral deviation elastic pedestal, lateral deviation spring, perseverance form an entirety away from supporting construction and revolution relocation mechanism
Welding gun component, for the relatively transverse line slideway of the component, it can be achieved transversely line slideway laterally floating, and simultaneously can be along returning
Turn the seat of honour plane rotation of relocation mechanism, it is three-dimensional along the outstanding fulcrum center plate type narrow clearance welding gun fore-and-aft direction beat on welding gun seat
The free floating in direction.The free floating of three-dimensional can or screw lock stop spacing by screw come release three-dimensional or
Any of which is one-dimensional or the free floating of two-dimensional directional.
The drag motion mechanism that revolution relocation mechanism and laterally floating mechanism are only used for board-like narrow clearance welding gun is small to weld
Car, cross operation machines, gantry operation machine and welding gun working condition need when not moving, if the motion of board-like narrow clearance welding gun is by machine
Device people can remove the Liang Ge mechanisms when dragging.
In a kind of above-mentioned narrow gap arc welding welding wire to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device, center position-limit mechanism
The various linear patterns in the upper shed gap for realizing welding groove fluctuate (while broaden or narrow, one end narrows or broadened)
When, realize that the center line in upper shed gap by the mid-depth plane of board-like narrow clearance welding gun and welding groove is adaptively real-time
Overlap.The mechanism is mainly made up of mechanism seat, tracking wheel seat, tracking wheel, tracking wheel shaft, height adjustment mechanism and elastic body；
Liang Ge mechanisms seat is located at the left and right of board-like narrow clearance welding gun；Height adjustment mechanism can be guide rail slide block auxiliary structure,
Can be bolt and nut auxiliary structure, guide rail (or nut) is arranged on welding gun seat or lateral deviation elastic pedestal, sliding block (or screw rod) peace
On mechanism seat, tracking wheel and tracking wheel shaft are arranged on tracking wheel seat；Track and relative bullet is provided between wheel seat and mechanism seat
Power load maintainer；After the completion of all assembling parts of center position-limit mechanism, there should be two basic functions：First, work as board-like narrow gap
After welding gun extend into welding groove correct welding gun height and position, the regulation of height adjustment mechanism can be passed through；Make two limits
Position tracking wheel is oriented to by inclined-plane, automatically by the mid-depth plane of board-like welding gun and the center line of current welding groove upper shed
Overlap；Second, after two planes overlap, spacing tracking wheel has suitable elastic pressure to both sides welding groove seamed edge, is typically no less than
10N。
Therefore, the invention has the advantages that：1. on the basis of two groove side wall walls difference, adaptive tracing welding wire
To side wall wall realize it is permanent away from prior art, be non-contact sensing mode (laser, image etc.) closed-loop adaptation control
System, have no the adaptive tracking method based on two groove side wall wall sensing contact modes of the application；The application method
Technical characteristic is：Elastic force makes welding gun be inclined to groove side wall；Welding gun bottom passes through permanent away from supporting mechanism realization with insulation function
Welding wire gives to the stepless of side wall distance；Weldering is realized in the combination of laterally floating mechanism, revolution relocation mechanism and center position-limit mechanism
Rifle central plane overlaps with welding groove upper shed center line.2. " the non-contact sensor → welding gun (silk) under prior art
Position signalling extraction → position error signal processing → deviation signal identification → controlled quentity controlled variable calculating → welding gun (silk) position adjustments
Electromechanical actuator → position adjustments " closed-loop adaptive control system, it is necessary to have complicated Hardware ＆ software system, the application
Any software systems are not needed, and hardware system is very simple, it is easily fabricated.3. the non-contact sensor closed loop under prior art
Adaptive tracking system must have complicated jamproof system could reliably working, the application without any jamproof system,
And there is very strong antijamming capability to interference sources such as arc light, heat radiation, electromagnetic radiation, spatters, functional reliability is high.
4. the application can reach under prior art ± 0.1mm higher adaptive Gaussian filtering precision, manufacturing cost is only prior art
1/1 to tens/10ths, cost performance is very high.5. the contact welding wire of the application to groove side wall perseverance away from adaptively with
Track methods and techniques, it is used not only for narrow gap arc welding (narrow gap gas shielded arc welding, narrow-clearance submerged arc welding, narrow gap
Argon tungsten-arc welding) various technique occasions, can be also used for various conventional arcs weldering outside non-narrow gap welding connection technology docking,
T connect with corner connection welding technique.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the fundamental system composition of the weld seam adaptive Gaussian filtering based on non-contact sensing mode under prior art
Theory diagram.
Accompanying drawing 2 is welding wire of the application based on sensing contact mode to fundamental system of the side wall perseverance away from self-adaptation control method
Composition and indispensable corollary system composition schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the primary structure composition schematic diagram of revolution relocation mechanism.
One of tracking roller arrangement of center position-limit mechanism schematic diagram when accompanying drawing 4 is single rifle application scenario of the application.
Two schematic diagrames of the tracking roller arrangement of center position-limit mechanism when accompanying drawing 5 is single rifle application scenario of the application.
Sensing contact mode welding wire is based on when accompanying drawing 6 is the application rush-harvesting and rush-planting application scenario to side wall perseverance away from adaptive tracing base
The schematic side view of the system composition.
One of tracking roller arrangement of center position-limit mechanism is illustrated when accompanying drawing 7 is the application rush-harvesting and rush-planting and use above occasion
Figure.
Two signals of the tracking roller arrangement of center position-limit mechanism when accompanying drawing 8 is the application rush-harvesting and rush-planting and use above occasion
Figure.
Accompanying drawing 9 is the permanent away from supporting mechanism structural representation of the application.
Center position-limit mechanism when accompanying drawing 10 is single-wheel and rush-harvesting and rush-planting and the above unequal thickness plate docking application scenario of the application
One of tracking roller arrangement schematic diagram.
Center position-limit mechanism when accompanying drawing 11 is single-wheel and rush-harvesting and rush-planting and the above unequal thickness plate docking application scenario of the application
Tracking roller arrangement two schematic diagrames.
Support rollers structural representation when accompanying drawing 12 is applied for the conventional arc Welding of the application.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in further detail.In figure,
1. weldment one, 2. weldments two, the welding groove surface of 3. weldments one, the welding groove surface of 4. weldments two, 5a. welding wires one, 5b. welding wires
Two, 6a. electric arc one, 6b. electric arcs two, 7a. narrow clearance welding guns one, 7b. narrow clearance welding guns two, 8. non-contact class sensors, 9. welderings
Gun platform, 10. welding gun transverse movement guide rails, 11. height sliding blocks, 12. welding gun high degree of motion width (such as ball screw/pair of nut), 13.
Height dragging motor, 14. laterally pull motor, 15. welding tractors, 16. guide rails, 17. cross slide ways, 18. outstanding branch axle beds, and 19.
Lateral deviation elastic pedestal, 20a. right avertence elastic bodies, 20b. left avertence elastic bodies, the tracking wheel of 21. weldment one, 22. weldments two track
Wheel, 23a. rifles one are permanent away from supporting mechanism, and 23b. rifles two are permanent to be slided away from supporting mechanism, 24. upper base plates, 25. arc tracks, 26. arcs
Block, 27. screws, the drift angle adjusting means of 28a. rifles one, the drift angle adjusting means of 28b. rifles two, 29. support rollers, 30. support roller seats,
31 roller axles, 32. anti-skid structures, 33. times seat boards, 34. tracking wheel seats, 35. height regulation guide rails, 36. elastic bodies, 37. machines
Structure seat, X are distance of the welding wire end center to groove side wall wall.
Embodiment：
Embodiment 1：It is the basic embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Fig. 2 .3.4.5.6.7.8.9, a kind of narrow gap electricity
Arc-welding welding wire includes laterally floating mechanism, its underpart to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracking method, its hardware system realized
Close to revolution relocation mechanism, then close to welding gun seat 9, board-like narrow clearance welding gun 7a, board-like narrow clearance welding gun 7a and welding gun seat 9
Between welding gun deflection mechanism, the lateral deviation elastic pedestal 19 with the one of welding gun seat 9, the right avertence on lateral deviation elastic pedestal 19
Elastic body 20a, center position-limit mechanism and the drift angle adjusting means 28a of rifle one, and it is most lower installed in board-like narrow clearance welding gun 7a
The perseverance of rifle one in portion is away from supporting mechanism 23a.Wherein laterally floating mechanism is by the cross slide way 17 on height sliding block 11 and peace
Sliding block composition on upper base plate 24.Relocation mechanism is turned round by the arc-shaped guide rail 25 installed in the another side of upper base plate 24 and installation
Arc shaped slider 26 on lower seat board 33 is formed, and angle of revolution scope is typically smaller than ± 15 °.
The profile of welding gun seat 9 is cuboid, and its middle and lower part is open cavity structure；Put provided with welding gun on the top of cavity structure
Motivation structure, the mechanism outstanding branch axle bed 18 vertical with vertical direction by being located at cavity top, hang fulcrum and board-like narrow clearance welding gun
The boss composition on 7a tops.The left and right ends that outstanding fulcrum one end is arranged on welding gun seat 9 are hanged on branch axle bed 18, and the other end is arranged on
Install in narrow clearance welding gun 7a upper axis hole seats；After welding gun oscillation mechanism couples narrow clearance welding gun 7a and welding gun seat 9 integrally,
Narrow clearance welding gun 7a can for fore-and-aft direction along outstanding fulcrum pivot, the amplitude of oscillation be ± 2 ° in the open end cavity structure of welding gun seat 9.
One end that outstanding fulcrum is installed with outstanding branch axle bed 18 is fixed, and the both ends with installation at left and right sides of narrow clearance welding gun 7a are axle/bearing knot
Structure, bearing outer ring are fixed, from deep groove ball bearing.Welding gun seat 9 is manufactured with polyformaldehyde material.The top of welding gun seat 9 and narrow gap welding
Rifle 7a wire feed passage, plenum duct, position corresponding to water-cooling channel are provided with the installation duct of silk, gas and water pipeline.
The bottom thickness that narrow clearance welding gun 7a is stretched into groove is 6~9mm, and upper thickness is 8~13mm, and entirety is industrial
Fine copper manufactures；Inside is provided with wire feed passage, a flow channel, all the way circulating cooling water flow passage, and be integrated with gas diverter；
Bottommost installs narrow gap gas shield welding dedicated ceramic nozzle；All welding gun outer surfaces extending into welding groove are coated with oxidation
Ceramics and be inlaid with ceramic bar；Detailed results referring to Application No. 201410487955.4,201510364758.8,
201410352245.0,200410060990.4,201410352228.7 patent of invention.
Lateral deviation elastic pedestal 19 is used for inclined along narrow clearance welding gun 7a thickness direction installation side biased spring mechanism 20a and rifle one
Angle adjusting means 28a, it is integral type structure with welding gun seat 9；Right avertence elastic body 20a is provided with one group of spring reservation and spring moves
Seat, dynamic seat can stretch under spring force with respect to reservation；The dynamic seat other end is provided with Universal caster structure；From compression spring
Minimum elastic force (during maximum welding gun drift angle ± 3 °) is 8N；The drift angle adjusting means 28a of rifle one is that screw rod is put english button structure, welding gun seat 9
The screw of installation screw rod is provided with, screw rod has roller to contact with narrow clearance welding gun 7a contact positions, and the device, which is arranged on, makes welding gun inclined
The narrow clearance welding gun 7a sides (i.e. lateral deviation side) that angle reduces, that is, make spring-compressed after acting on.
Center position-limit mechanism is real-time for the central plane of welding groove 3, the center line and narrow clearance welding gun 7a of 4 upper sheds
The adaptive tracing of coincidence.The mechanism is by mechanism seat 37, tracking wheel seat 34, the tracking wheel 21 of weldment one, the tracking wheel 22 of weldment two, height
Degree regulation guide rail 35, elastic body 36 and tracking wheel shaft composition.The side of mechanism seat 37 is provided with supporting with height regulation guide rail 35
Sliding block, other direction are provided with the spring base and spring limiting structure of elastic body 36；Tracking wheel seat 34 upper end is provided with and elastic machine
The supporting counter structure of structure 36, lower end are provided with the axle installation of the tracking wheel 21 of weldment one and the tracking wheel 22 of weldment two；Design
The Split type structure concentrically installed；The bevel inclination angle that two seamed edges of two pairs of tracking wheels and welding groove contact respectively is
60 °, with 304 stainless steel makings.Narrow clearance welding gun 7a the left and right respectively with a set of elastic body 36, is added in the tracking wheel of weldment one
21 and the tracking wheel 22 of weldment two on elastic force sum be more than 10N.Mechanism seat 37 is adjusted to two pairs along height regulation guide rail about 35
When tracking wheel is suitable to the elastic pressure on the seamed edge of welding groove two, with the locking between mechanism seat 37 and height regulation guide rail 35
Screw rod locks mechanism seat 37.
Rifle one is permanent away from the rectangular parallelepiped structure (support roller seat 30) that supporting mechanism 23a is one end open；Openend installation support
Roller 29；Roller axle is not rotatably installed in the openend of support roller seat 30, and the opposed rollers axle of support rollers 29 freely can smoothly turn
It is dynamic；Support the 304 stainless steel makings of roller seat 30, its two side contacted with the installation window of narrow clearance welding gun 7a bottoms and support roller
One side of son 29, appearance are straight burr broached-tooth design, and the side of support rollers 29 1 protrudes narrow clearance welding gun 7a part spraying chromium oxide
Ceramics；The device uses screw lock after being arranged on narrow clearance welding gun 7a bottoms；By supporting roller seat 30 thick along narrow clearance welding gun 7a
The stepless retractable in direction is spent, makes welding wire center to groove side wall be 1.5mm to 5mm apart from the given scope of constant.
Embodiment 2：Embodiment 1 is monofilament list rifle application scenario.As shown in Fig. 2 .3.6.7.8.9, narrow clearance welding gun 7a.7b
For two sets, i.e. rush-harvesting and rush-planting mariages application scenario；Narrow clearance welding gun 7b is identical with narrow clearance welding gun 7a structures；Needed between rush-harvesting and rush-planting reliable exhausted
Edge；Its laterally floating mechanism, revolution relocation mechanism, center position-limit mechanism only need a set of, and other all mechanisms are both needed to two sets；With reality
The difference for applying example 1 is only more a set of narrow clearance welding gun 7b, remaining all mechanism, device, the equal indistinction of structure.
In special heavy plate overlong welded seam application scenario, four or land silk (optimal into even number) are can also be, only need to increase to four
Or land, narrow clearance welding gun, remaining all construction and device is without changing.
Embodiment 3：Traditional submerged-arc welding, narrow-clearance submerged arc welding, traditional MAG/MIG welderings, CO2Gas shielded arc welding, flux-cored wire
The arc welding methods such as arc welding, narrow gap tungsten electrode argon arc welding, traditional argon tungsten-arc welding, equally can be high using the technology of the application
Effect completes welding wire center with high reliability, or tungsten electrode center is to the constant adaptive tracing of welding groove side wall wall distance；On
The application scenario of various arc weldings is stated, need to be according to the support rollers 29 of weldment thickness and welding groove angle design suitable shape；
When groove face angle beta is conventional size, such as β=15 °~35 °, support rollers 29 are designed to the support contact surface of variable curvature, top
Diameter deep camber is small, and the small curvature of the diameter at contact surface is big, as shown in figure 12；Above-mentioned various arc welding method application this technologies
When, can be any type of welding gun beyond traditional cylindrical structure welding gun or narrow clearance welding gun 7a；It is above-mentioned various
When arc welding method is applied, in addition to welding gun structure and support rollers structure are different, such as other all mechanism all sames of embodiment 1
And it is necessary.
Embodiment 4：Under narrow gap arc welding application conditions, connect when by weldering weldment 1 and weldment 22 for not uniform thickness
During head, the tracking wheel 21 of weldment one and the tracking wheel 22 of weldment two of center position-limit mechanism are designed to the structure shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11；
When weldment thickness difference is smaller, Figure 10 structure can be used, when weldment thickness difference is larger, Figure 11 structure can be used；It can also be
When applying elastic pressure on the tracking wheel 21 of 36 butt-welding fitting of elastic body one and the tracking wheel 22 of weldment two, contacted on two groove seamed edges
To the reaction force of tracking wheel, as long as preventing various other structures of the tracking wheel from transverse shifting, it is spacing that center can be achieved in place
Function.
Embodiment 5：As shown in Fig. 2 the welding tractor 15 of the whole parts of the dragging present invention, the system of guide rail 16 can also be ten
Word operation machine system, or gantry operation machine system, or robot system；Remaining height sliding block 11, welding gun high degree of motion 12, height
It is existing general technology to spend dragging motor 13, air supply system, Arc Welding Power, cooling system, control system.
Embodiment 6：The welding wire of the present invention, apart from constant adaptive tracking method, is come in fact by following function to groove side wall
Existing：It is set to be inclined to groove side wall 1. Butt welding gun applies a unidirectional elastic force, the function is referred to as " elastic force lateral deviation "；2. in welding gun
As the near as possible both sides in distance from bottom welding wire center set two with groove wall it is electrodeless it is adjustable be in rolling contact rifle one (or
Rifle two) it is permanent away from support meanss 23a (or 23b), by suitable support distances it is given come constant welding wire to groove side wall away from
From, the function referred to as " rolling support perseverance away from "；3. ensure the oscillation center of welding gun in real time with welding slope by center position-limit mechanism
Mouthful the plane self-adapted coincidence of central upper portion, the realization for adaptively overlapping function be by the tracking wheel 21 of weldment one and weldment two with
Track wheel 22, constrained under elastic pressure effect by two groove seamed edges, and the knot of the tracking wheel 21 of weldment one and the tracking wheel 22 of weldment two
The top connection of structure central plane has the revolution relocation mechanism overlapped with the structure centre plane and laterally floating mechanism, the function
Referred to as " laterally floating revolution is floated plus the combination of the mechanism of center position-limit mechanism three realizes that welding gun puts the plane self-adapted tracking welding of partial center
Connect groove center line ".As long as can realize simultaneously above-mentioned " elastic force lateral deviation ", " rolling support perseverance away from ", " laterally floating revolution float plus
The plane self-adapted tracking welding groove center line of welding gun pendulum partial center is realized in the combination of the mechanism of center position-limit mechanism three " three zones
Various structures are presently filed embodiment, are not limited to the embodiment that above-described embodiment 1 provides into embodiment 4.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be replaced using similar mode
Generation, but without departing from the spiritual of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Although more having used 1. weldments one herein, 2. weldments two, the welding groove surface of 3. weldments one, 4. weldments two
Welding groove surface, 5a. welding wires one, 5b. welding wires two, 6a. electric arcs one, 6b. electric arcs two, 7a. narrow clearance welding guns one, 7b. narrow gaps
Welding gun two, 8. non-contact class sensors, 9. welding gun seats, 10. welding gun transverse movement guide rails, 11. height sliding blocks, 12. welding guns height
Width (such as ball screw/pair of nut) is moved, 13. height dragging motors, 14. laterally pull motor, and 15. welding tractors, 16. lead
Rail, 17. cross slide ways, 18. outstanding branch axle beds, 19. lateral deviation elastic pedestals, 20a. right avertence elastic bodies, 20b. left avertence elastic bodies,
21. the tracking wheel of weldment one, the tracking wheel of 22. weldment two, 23a. rifles one are permanent away from supporting mechanism, and 23b. rifles two are permanent away from supporting mechanism, 24.
Upper base plate, 25. arc tracks, 26. arc shaped sliders, 27. screws, the drift angle adjusting means of 28a. rifles one, the regulation of the drift angle of 28b. rifles two
Device, 29. support rollers, 30. support roller seats, 31 roller axles, 32. anti-skid structures, 33. times seat boards, 34. tracking wheel seats, 35. is high
The terms such as degree regulation guide rail, 36. elastic bodies, 37. mechanism seats, but it is not precluded from the possibility using other terms.Use this
A little terms are used for the purpose of more easily describing and explaining the essence of the present invention；It is construed as any additional limitation
All disagreed with spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of narrow gap arc welding welding wire is to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device, it is characterised in that including board-like narrow
Gap welding gun, the welding gun seat for fixing board-like narrow clearance welding gun；Welding gun seat middle and lower part is open cavity structure；Cavity structure
Top be provided with welding gun oscillation mechanism；Side wall elastic pedestal is provided with the top of welding gun, bearing inwall is provided with lateral deviation spring；Perseverance is away from branch
Support arrangement is arranged in the rectangular window of the working end bottommost ceramic nozzle both sides of board-like narrow clearance welding gun, center position-limit mechanism
The revolution relocation mechanism and horizontal stroke that can be turned round during positioned at the left and right and the support welding gun motion of board-like narrow clearance welding gun
To reciprocating laterally floating mechanism；
Described board-like narrow clearance welding gun is Integral plate type structure, has been internally integrated wire feed passage, has once protected gas passage gentle
Body part flow arrangement, self-circulating water cold runner, external harmoniousness have conductive access seat, high-temp. resisting composite insulation structure, and working tips have
Dedicated ceramic nozzle；
Welding gun seat profile is rectangle, and middle and lower part is open cavity structure；The top of cavity structure is integrated with welding gun oscillation mechanism,
The welding gun oscillation mechanism outstanding branch axle bed vertical with vertical direction by being located at cavity top, hang fulcrum and board-like narrow clearance welding gun top
Boss composition, hang fulcrum one end and be arranged on the left and right ends of welding gun seat and hang on branch axle bed, the other end is arranged on board-like narrow
In gap welding gun upper axis hole seat；After board-like narrow clearance welding gun and the assembling of the outstanding fulcrum at both ends, board-like narrow clearance welding gun can weld
Left and right directions is along outstanding fulcrum pivot in the open end cavity structure of gun platform, and amplitude of fluctuation is according to the welding gun needed for application scenario
Depending on drift angle and welding gun height, its amplitude of oscillation is much smaller than ± 3 ° when narrow gap gas shielded arc welding is applied；Outstanding fulcrum typically without
Rotate, the axle bed hole on board-like narrow clearance welding gun top is sliding bearing structure, or is rolling bearing structure, is hanged between fulcrum and bearing
Clearance it is the smaller the better；It is different according to application requirement, the welding gun seat hang branch installation one board-like narrow clearance welding gun or two and with
Upper board-like narrow clearance welding gun, but mutually must reliably be insulated between welding gun and welding gun；Insulating method is welding gun seat insulating materials
Manufacture, or welding gun seat are manufactured with metal material, between the axle bed hole of board-like narrow clearance welding gun and the welding gun seat of metal material
Insulation system is set.
2. a kind of narrow gap arc welding welding wire according to claim 1 to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device, its
It is characterised by, the left and right directions of welding gun seat is provided with lateral deviation elastic pedestal；Lateral deviation elastic pedestal is designed to whole with welding gun seat one
Body structure, or be designed to split but be coupled integral seat structure with welding gun seat, but must have welding gun seat same after connecting
The rigidity of sample and there can not be relative motion；Spring base and welding gun drift angle adjusting means are installed on lateral deviation elastic pedestal；Spring base
It is press spring base, or spring base, after spring installation, board-like narrow clearance welding gun fixed deviation in the swing range of design should be made
Groove side, and there is suitable elastic pressure to groove side wall, its minimal elastic pressure is not less than 5N；Welding gun drift angle is adjusted
Mechanism is the mechanism for making board-like narrow clearance welding gun be moved to elastic pressure opposite direction, for welding wire to side wall apart from setting value
Step-less adjustment；After regulation setting, welding gun drift angle governor motion should be able to self-locking.
3. a kind of narrow gap arc welding welding wire according to claim 2 to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device, its
It is characterised by, perseverance is made up of away from supporting mechanism support roller seat, support rollers and roller axle；Support roller seat is rectangular block shape structure,
Installation support rollers and roller axle in one end open, assemble rear support roller relative support roller seat smooth pivotal；Support rollers are used
Anti-wear performance height has the ceramic material manufacture of high-temperature insulation concurrently, and support roller seat is manufactured with brass or fine copper, roller axle heat resistance
High stainless steel material manufacture；Support ceramic coated painting after the outer surface plucking of the part-structure of installation support rollers in roller seat
Layer, remaining answers depth plucking with the two sides that board-like narrow clearance welding gun contacts, to prevent contact surface is relative from sliding；After the completion of manufacture
The permanent working end bottommost ceramic nozzle both sides that board-like narrow clearance welding gun is arranged on away from supporting mechanism rectangular window in, in plate
The thickness direction screw lock of formula narrow clearance welding gun；Stretched after loosening lock-screw along the thickness direction of board-like narrow clearance welding gun
Overall perseverance is away from supporting mechanism, you can step-less adjustment welding wire gives to the distance of welding groove side wall.
4. a kind of narrow gap arc welding welding wire according to claim 3 to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device, its
It is characterised by, revolution relocation mechanism is made up of the seat of honour, lower seat, arc-shaped guide rail and arc shaped slider；Seat of honour one side is provided with straight line and led
Rail sliding block, another side are provided with arc-shaped guide rail；The straight-line guide rail slide block at the seat of honour and the horizontal line slideway on welding gun height sliding block
After installation, the seat of honour being capable of transversely line slideway gapless laterally floating；Lower seat one side installation arc shaped slider, another side pass through spiral shell
Nail is directly connected with welding gun seat；After the arc-shaped guide rail installation of arc shaped slider and the seat of honour on lower seat, board-like narrow clearance welding gun, welding gun
Seat, welding gun oscillation mechanism, lateral deviation elastic pedestal, lateral deviation spring, perseverance form an entirety away from supporting construction and revolution relocation mechanism
Welding gun component, for the relatively transverse line slideway of the component, transversely line slideway laterally floating is realized, and it is simultaneously floating along revolution
The seat of honour plane rotation of motivation structure, being capable of left and right directions beat totally three along the outstanding fulcrum center plate type narrow clearance welding gun on welding gun seat
Tie up the free floating in direction；The free floating of three-dimensional by screw is spacing or screw lock stop come release three-dimensional or
Any of which is one-dimensional or the free floating of two-dimensional directional；
The drag motion mechanism that revolution relocation mechanism and laterally floating mechanism are only used for board-like narrow clearance welding gun is welding tractor, ten
Word operation machine, gantry operation machine and welding gun working condition need when not moving, if the motion of board-like narrow clearance welding gun is by robot
The Liang Ge mechanisms are removed during dragging.
5. a kind of narrow gap arc welding welding wire according to claim 4 to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device, its
It is characterised by, when center position-limit mechanism is used for the various linear patterns fluctuation for realizing the upper shed gap of welding groove, realizes plate
The mid-depth plane of formula narrow clearance welding gun adaptively overlaps in real time with the center line in the upper shed gap of welding groove；Center limits
Position mechanism is made up of mechanism seat, tracking wheel seat, tracking wheel, tracking wheel shaft, height adjustment mechanism and elastic body；Liang Ge mechanisms seat
Positioned at the left and right of board-like narrow clearance welding gun；Height adjustment mechanism is guide rail slide block auxiliary structure, or bolt and nut pair
Structure, guide rail are arranged on welding gun seat or lateral deviation elastic pedestal, and sliding block is arranged on mechanism seat, tracking wheel and tracking wheel shaft installation
On tracking wheel seat；Opposing elastic force load maintainer is provided between tracking wheel seat and mechanism seat；All part groups of center position-limit mechanism
After the completion of dress, there should be two basic functions：First, when board-like narrow clearance welding gun extend into welding groove correct welding gun height
After spending position, pass through the regulation of height adjustment mechanism；Two spacing tracking wheels are made to be oriented to by inclined-plane, automatically by board-like welding gun
Mid-depth plane overlaps with the center line of current welding groove upper shed；Second, after two planes overlap, spacing tracking wheel is to two
Side welding groove seamed edge has suitable elastic pressure.
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| CN201610152254.4A CN105643057B (en) | 2016-03-17 | 2016-03-17 | A kind of narrow gap arc welding welding wire is to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device |
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| CN201610152254.4A CN105643057B (en) | 2016-03-17 | 2016-03-17 | A kind of narrow gap arc welding welding wire is to side wall apart from constant adaptive tracing device |
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