CN105642898B - A kind of method that use laser 3D printing technology manufactures closed pore structures material - Google Patents
A kind of method that use laser 3D printing technology manufactures closed pore structures material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105642898B CN105642898B CN201610024138.4A CN201610024138A CN105642898B CN 105642898 B CN105642898 B CN 105642898B CN 201610024138 A CN201610024138 A CN 201610024138A CN 105642898 B CN105642898 B CN 105642898B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1103—Making porous workpieces or articles with particular physical characteristics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1103—Making porous workpieces or articles with particular physical characteristics
- B22F2003/1106—Product comprising closed porosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of method that use laser 3D printing technology manufactures closed pore structures material, it is related to a kind of method for manufacturing closed pore structures metal_based material.The problem of purpose of the present invention existing method can not realize aperture, the material of the accurate manufacture blind hole of hole shape.The present invention uses laser 3D printing technology, and the mode for overlapping terminal skew first with starting point tests out the excursion limit of material；Then the controllable closed pore structures material of aperture, hole shape is produced using the mode being layering.The present invention can be according to being pre-designed, and accurate manufacture closed pore structures material has filled up the blank that powder-feeding laser 3D printing technique manufactures controllable closed pore structures material.
Description
Technical field
It is specially that one kind uses synchronous powder feeding system skill the present invention relates to increasing material manufacturing and metal-based porous material forming field
Art, using laser fusion metal base powder and part substrate, makes metal base powder fusion sediment on substrate, directly manufactures aperture
The method of size and the closed-cell materials of controlled shape.
Background technology
Metal-based porous material has specific strength, specific stiffness high relative to Metal Substrate solid block material, and global density is low,
The features such as good mechanical performance.Solid metal sill is changed into after closed-cell materials, and its multinomial performance will change, such as machinery
Performance, damping capacity etc., possess the functions such as vibration damping, noise reduction sound-deadening, electromagnetic shielding, heat-insulated energy storage, and nothing is provided for its application
The possibility of limit.
Metal Substrate closed-cell materials are widely applied prospect because of it, by multi-party concern.There are many enterprises and R＆D institution
Input manpower and materials research and produce closed-cell materials.But existing many technologies, which can only be produced, can not accurately control aperture, hole shape
Closed-cell materials.
Manufactured more than current manufacture closed-cell materials using foaming technique, such as foamed aluminium.Foaming metal is in molten metal
Middle addition tackifier and foaming agent, using the methods such as Seepage Foundry manufacture foamed aluminium after stirring.The bubble produced using foam pattern
Foam metal material porosity is high, production efficiency is high, but the pore-size distribution of product, and pore shape can not be controlled accurately, can only be overall
Control causes performance also can not accurately control in a probable ranges.Also there is document report using inorganic salts as filler, into
The mode that inorganic salts are dissolved after type manufactures foam metal, but this mode can only manufacture the porous metal material of open-cellular form.
The content of the invention
The method of the present invention is using synchronous powder feeding system technology, with laser energy fusing metal based powders, using 3D printing theory,
Successively it is superimposed, is finally reached the purpose of manufacture blind hole metal_based material.In the fabrication process, closed-cell materials one-shot forming, nothing
Need the later stage to be machined, can accurately manufacture the material of the blind hole with hollow-core construction, can not so as to solve existing method
The problem of realizing aperture, the material of the accurate manufacture blind hole of hole shape.
The present invention a kind of use laser 3D printing technology manufacture closed pore structures metal_based material method, it be according to
What following steps were carried out：
First, using synchronous powder feeding system mode, first layer powder, second layer powder and first layer starting point are melted first on substrate
Identical, second layer powder final position is for edge perpendicular to laser motion direction and first layer terminal at a distance of a laser spot diameter
Position, measure the excursion limit of material；
2nd, design 3D printing path：Set the beginning and end in first layer 3D printing path to coincide, form a closing
Ring or polygon, on the basis of first layer, manufacture n-th layer fusing powder bed makes n-th layer be transported relative to first layer in laser beam
Enter line displacement according to the excursion limit of step one in the vertical angle in dynamic direction, the n-th layer skew produced in laser 3D printing
Amount reach first layer closed-loop or polygonal maximum inner diameter when, top closure obtains having angle of inclination relative to substrate
Material, that is, complete the process that described use laser 3D printing technology manufactures closed pore structures metal_based material.
The present invention includes following beneficial effect：
1 present invention takes the mode progressively increased from origin-to-destination offset to measure excursion limit, Neng Goujing
The excursion limit of material is really measured, and then data are provided for post laser 3D printing manufacture and is supported.
2 present invention utilize 3D printing technique, use laser for thermal source, are manufactured using the technique of synchronous powder feeding system, success
The manufacture of blind hole is realized, conventionally manufactured means blind hole aperture is overcome, the shortcoming that hole shape is not accurately controlled.Success is real
The accurate control to closed pore metal base blanking aperture, hole shape is showed, has been that the careful design of follow-up closed-cell materials performance has established base
Plinth.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：The a kind of of present embodiment manufactures closed pore structures Metal Substrate using laser 3D printing technology
The method of material, it is followed the steps below：
First, using synchronous powder feeding system mode, first layer powder, second layer powder and first layer starting point are melted first on substrate
Identical, second layer powder final position is for edge perpendicular to laser motion direction and first layer terminal at a distance of a laser spot diameter
Position, measure the excursion limit of material；
2nd, design 3D printing path：Set the beginning and end in first layer 3D printing path to coincide, form a closing
Ring or polygon, on the basis of first layer, manufacture n-th layer fusing powder bed makes n-th layer be transported relative to first layer in laser beam
Enter line displacement according to the excursion limit of step one in the vertical angle in dynamic direction, the n-th layer skew produced in laser 3D printing
When amount reaches first layer closed-loop or polygonal maximum inner diameter, top closure obtains having angle of inclination relative to substrate
Material, that is, complete the process that described use laser 3D printing technology manufactures closed pore structures metal_based material.
Embodiment two：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：Described powder is metal material
Material or the metal base powder containing metal or metallic compound.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：The powder is low density aluminum
Based powders, granularity is the mesh of -150 mesh~+250, and substrate is metal substrate.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：Low density aluminum based powders are entered
Row 3D printing manufacture closed pore structures metal_based material technical parameter be：The laser used is YLS3000 lasers, is used
Synchronous powder feeding system mode, laser power 1500W~3000W, spot diameter 1mm~5mm, sweep speed 5mm/s~15mm/s, powder feeding
Speed 5g/min~15g/min.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment five：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：Low density aluminum based powders are entered
Row 3D printing manufacture closed pore structures metal_based material technical parameter be：The laser used is YLS3000 lasers, is used
Synchronous powder feeding system mode, laser power 2000W~3000W, spot diameter 1mm~5mm, sweep speed 5mm/s~15mm/s, powder feeding
Speed 5g/min~15g/min.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment six：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：Described powder is stainless steel
Powder, granularity is the mesh of -150 mesh~+250, and substrate is metal substrate.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment seven：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：3D is carried out to powder of stainless steel
Printing manufacture closed pore structures metal_based material technical parameter be：The use of laser is YLS3000 lasers, is sent using synchronous
Powder mode, laser power 500W~1500W, spot diameter 1mm~5mm, sweep speed 5mm/s~15mm/s, powder feed rate 5g/
Min~15g/min.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment eight：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：3D is carried out to powder of stainless steel
Printing manufacture closed pore structures metal_based material technical parameter be：The use of laser is YLS3000 lasers, is sent using synchronous
Powder mode, laser power 1000W~1500W, spot diameter 1mm~5mm, sweep speed 5mm/s~15mm/s, powder feed rate
5g/min~15g/min.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment nine：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：Described substrate is Metal Substrate
The substrate of plate or nonflammable material.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment ten：Present embodiment from unlike embodiment one：Described N >=2.Other and tool
Body embodiment one is identical.
Present invention is not limited only to the content of the respective embodiments described above, the group of one of them or several embodiments
Contract sample can also realize the purpose of invention.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are verified by following examples：
Embodiment 1
The method that a kind of use laser 3D printing technology of the present embodiment manufactures closed pore structures metal_based material, be according to
What following steps were carried out：
Aluminium alloy plate is chosen as substrate, is cleaned with organic solvent, water sand paper polishing, alcohol washes, is dried；Powder is selected
Select the mesh aluminum-based powder of -150 mesh~+250；Manufactured using YLS3000 lasers, laser power 1500W~3000W；Spot diameter
1mm~5mm, sweep speed 5mm/s~15mm/s, powder feed rate are 5g/min~15g/min；The closed pore structures material produced
Maximum blind hole aperture 20mm in material, individual layer peak excursion limit 2mm, structural material.
Carried out according to above-mentioned parameter using the operation of embodiment one, closed pore structures metal_based material is made.
The material of aluminum-based powder manufacture has corrosion resistance good, and density is low, the characteristics of material source is wide, overcomes traditional foaming
Industry product aperture only Region control, the shortcoming not accurately controlled, for closing Porous materials, accurately manufacture has createed one kind
New approach.The closing Porous materials manufactured using aluminum-based powder can be widely applied to aviation, the vibration damping of navigation, noise reduction, electromagnetic screen
In terms of covering, and the manufacture for low-density supporting structure.
Embodiment 2
The method that a kind of use laser 3D printing technology of the present embodiment manufactures closed pore structures metal_based material, be according to
What following steps were carried out：
Constituency 45# steel is used as substrate, organic solvent cleaning, water sand paper polishing, alcohol washes, drying；Powder selection -150
The mesh powder of stainless steel of mesh~+250；Manufactured using YLS3000 lasers, laser power 500W~1500W；Spot diameter 1mm~
5mm, sweep speed 5mm/s~15mm/s, powder feed rate 5g/min~15g/min；The closed pore structures material produced, individual layer
Maximum blind hole aperture 25mm in peak excursion limit 2.3mm, structural material.
Carried out according to above-mentioned parameter using the operation of embodiment one, closed pore structures metal_based material is made.
The material corrosion resistance of powder of stainless steel manufacture is good, has a wide range of application, blind hole stainless steel material reduces material
Density, improves the application prospect of stainless steel so that stainless steel is possibly realized in many applications required in the industry of low weight,
And blind hole one-shot forming reduces the trouble for the industry secondary operation for having demand to surface air-tightness.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that use laser 3D printing technology manufactures closed pore structures material, it is characterised in that it is according to following step
Suddenly carry out：
First, using synchronous powder feeding system mode, first layer powder, second layer powder and first layer starting point phase are melted first on substrate
Together, second layer powder final position be along perpendicular to laser motion direction and first layer terminal at a distance of a laser spot diameter
Position, measures the excursion limit of material；
2nd, design 3D printing path：Set the beginning and end in first layer 3D printing path to coincide, formed a closed-loop or
Polygon, on the basis of first layer, manufacture n-th layer fusing powder bed makes n-th layer relative to first layer in laser beam motion side
Enter line displacement according to the excursion limit of step one on to vertical angle, the n-th layer offset produced in laser 3D printing reaches
During to first layer closed-loop or polygonal maximum inner diameter, top closure obtains the material for having angle of inclination relative to substrate,
Complete the process that described use laser 3D printing technology manufactures closed pore structures material.
2. the method that a kind of use laser 3D printing technology according to claim 1 manufactures closed pore structures material, it is special
Levy and be that described powder is metal material or the metal base powder containing metal or metallic compound.
3. the method that a kind of use laser 3D printing technology according to claim 1 or 2 manufactures closed pore structures material, its
It is low density aluminum based powders to be characterised by the powder, and granularity is the mesh of -150 mesh~+250, and substrate is metal substrate.
4. the method that a kind of use laser 3D printing technology according to claim 3 manufactures closed pore structures material, it is special
Levying the technical parameter for being to carry out low density aluminum based powders 3D printing manufacture closed pore structures metal_based material is：What is used swashs
Light device is YLS3000 lasers, and using synchronous powder feeding system mode, laser power 1500W~3000W, spot diameter 1mm~5mm are swept
Retouch speed 5mm/s~15mm/s, powder feed rate 5g/min~15g/min.
5. the method that a kind of use laser 3D printing technology according to claim 4 manufactures closed pore structures material, it is special
Levying the technical parameter for being to carry out low density aluminum based powders 3D printing manufacture closed pore structures metal_based material is：What is used swashs
Light device is YLS3000 lasers, and using synchronous powder feeding system mode, laser power 2000W~3000W, spot diameter 1mm~5mm are swept
Retouch speed 5mm/s~15mm/s, powder feed rate 5g/min~15g/min.
6. the method that a kind of use laser 3D printing technology according to claim 1 or 2 manufactures closed pore structures material, its
It is characterised by that described powder is powder of stainless steel, granularity is the mesh of -150 mesh~+250, and substrate is metal substrate.
7. the method that a kind of use laser 3D printing technology according to claim 6 manufactures closed pore structures material, it is special
Levying the technical parameter for being to carry out powder of stainless steel 3D printing manufacture closed pore structures metal_based material is：It is using laser
YLS3000 lasers, using synchronous powder feeding system mode, laser power 500W~1500W, spot diameter 1mm~5mm, sweep speed
5mm/s~15mm/s, powder feed rate 5g/min~15g/min.
8. the method that a kind of use laser 3D printing technology according to claim 7 manufactures closed pore structures material, it is special
Levying the technical parameter for being to carry out powder of stainless steel 3D printing manufacture closed pore structures metal_based material is：It is using laser
YLS3000 lasers, using synchronous powder feeding system mode, laser power 1000W~1500W, spot diameter 1mm~5mm, sweep speed
5mm/s~15mm/s, powder feed rate 5g/min~15g/min.
9. the method that a kind of use laser 3D printing technology according to claim 1 manufactures closed pore structures material, it is special
Levy and be that described substrate is metal substrate or the substrate of nonflammable material.
10. the method that a kind of use laser 3D printing technology according to claim 1 manufactures closed pore structures material, it is special
Levy and be described N >=2.
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| TWI668539B (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2019-08-11 | 三緯國際立體列印科技股份有限公司 | Three dimensional printing method and three dimensional printing apparatus |
| CN109047759B (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2021-04-27 | 南京理工大学 | Laser scanning method for improving interlayer strength and reducing warping deformation |
| CN109382515B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2020-06-09 | 华中科技大学 | Method for reducing deformation in ferroalloy laser additive manufacturing |
| CN111199809B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2022-02-01 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | IMDP core block additive manufacturing method and IMDP core block |
| CN114406285B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-03-10 | 苏州大学 | Method for preparing closed-cell foam steel by laser additive manufacturing technology |
| CN114535599A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-27 | 江苏亚威创科源激光装备有限公司 | Closed-cell foam steel and preparation method thereof |
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| DE4018360C1 (en) * | 1990-06-08 | 1991-05-29 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung Ev, 8000 Muenchen, De | Porous metal body prodn. - involves compaction at low temp. followed by heating to near melting point of metal |
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