CN105642802A - Forming method for mold of large-diameter-difference step shaft type forging - Google Patents
Forming method for mold of large-diameter-difference step shaft type forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN105642802A CN105642802A CN201410629479.5A CN201410629479A CN105642802A CN 105642802 A CN105642802 A CN 105642802A CN 201410629479 A CN201410629479 A CN 201410629479A CN 105642802 A CN105642802 A CN 105642802A
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- forging
- loose tool
- diameter end
- step axle
- length
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Abstract
The invention provides a forming method for a mold of a large-diameter-difference step shaft type forging. The forming method comprises the step of blanking, specifically, the specifications of a cut rod including the diameter Drod and the length Lrod are calculated; the specific calculation formulas are as follows, and the size of the mold and the specifications of the rod are calculated through the following formulas that 1/4piDrod<2>*Lmold=1/4piD<2>*(L-L1+R), and 1/4piDrod<2>*(Lrod-Lmold)=1/4piD<2>*L1; meanwhile, the formulas that (Lrod-Lmold)/Drod is smaller than 2.5 and Lmold is larger than 1/2Drod are met. According to the forming method for the mold of the large-diameter-difference step shaft type forging, the material utilization rate is greatly increased, the forging rejection rate is decreased, and meanwhile the structure property is improved; the utilization rate of materials produced through the forming method for the mold of the large-diameter-difference step shaft type forging is increased by 30%-55% compared with that of materials produced through an original method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical system technical field of forging, specifically provide a kind of diameter difference step forged shaft loose tool manufacturing process.
Background technology
At present, when the forged shaft using flat-die hammer forging to have step, main employing locally pulls out method that is long or loose tool direct forming. But, when step two ends diameter difference is relatively big, during more than 2 times, two kinds of methods are not all suitable for. Long method is pulled out according to local, owing to different diameters is bigger, cause needing binder length to be less than original diameter 1/2, pull out growth process medial end portions and can produce indent phenomenon, for preventing this kind of phenomenon from producing, it is necessary to lengthening binder length, the forging ' s block dimension obtained like this is far away beyond the size required by forging drawing, also needing to cut off during following process, material use efficiency is very low; And adopt the method for loose tool direct forming, owing to diameter difference is relatively big, the length-to-diameter ratio of distortion part often to be exceeded forging ratio, is easy to unstability and bends during jumping-up, produces waste product. Meanwhile, these two kinds of manufacturing process are all local deformaton, cannot ensure overall homogeneity of structure and mechanical property.
People urgently wish to obtain the excellent diameter difference step forged shaft loose tool manufacturing process of a kind of technique effect.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of diameter difference step forged shaft loose tool manufacturing process, prevent defect from producing the utilization ratio simultaneously improving material.
Described diameter difference step forged shaft loose tool manufacturing process step is as follows:
1. blanking;
By calculating, cut bar format diameter DRod, length LRod, concrete calculation formula is:
Size and the bar specification of loose tool is gone out by following formulae discovery;
1/4��DRod 2��LMould=1/4 �� d2��(L-L1+ R);
1/4��DRod 2��(LRod-LMould)=1/4 �� D2��L1;
Meet: (L simultaneouslyRod-LMould)/DRod< 2.5, LMould> 1/2DRod;
Wherein, D is step axle larger diameter end diameter, is also fetal membrane outer wall dimension simultaneously; D is step axle smaller diameter end diameter; L is step axle total length; L1For step axle larger diameter end length; LMouldFor the length of loose tool;
2. jumping-up;
Loose tool 3 is carried out preheating, preheat temperature range 150 DEG C-300 DEG C, warm up time >=30min, bar is put in process furnace and heats, preheat temperature range 800 DEG C-900 DEG C, the insulation shortest time calculates by 0.25mm/min-0.6mm/min coefficient, the upper limit adds 30min, Heating temperature scope 1050 DEG C-1180 DEG C, soaking time calculates by 0.3mm/min-1.5mm/min coefficient, take out after insulation, setting is placed on lower hammer anvil 4, hammer anvil 1 is used to touch bar, surface scale is knocked and becomes forging, then forging is put in the loose tool 3 after preheating, referring specifically to accompanying drawing 4,Steadily being placed on lower hammer anvil by loose tool 3 and forging, upper hammer anvil moves downward, by the forging jumping-up outside loose tool, referring specifically to accompanying drawing 5; Work as L1When size meets, concentric for ensureing forging step axle smaller diameter end and step axle larger diameter end, simultaneously also in order to eliminate the outer circle drum owing to producing in upsetting process, forging 2 is lain in together with loose tool 3 on lower hammer anvil 4, upper hammer anvil 1 moves downward, carry out rolling cylindrical, final guarantee size step axle larger diameter end diameter D and step axle larger diameter end length L1; Referring specifically to accompanying drawing 6;
3. length is pulled out;
Forging 2 is melted down heating, Heating temperature scope 1050 DEG C-1180 DEG C, soaking time calculates by 0.15mm/min-1.5mm/min coefficient, take out after insulation, clamp step axle larger diameter end and carry out pulling out length, referring specifically to accompanying drawing 7, until step axle smaller diameter end size d and step axle total length L reach requirement, referring specifically to accompanying drawing 8, for ensureing that forging step axle larger diameter end and step axle smaller diameter end are concentric greatly, when pulling out long, adopt the mode that spiral upset is sent into;
4. shaping;
Forging is erected on lower hammer anvil and carries out shaping, referring specifically to accompanying drawing 8; To pull out in growth processPlatform Rank axleThe cydariform that smaller diameter end produces carries out smooth.
Following factor need to be considered: one, equal according to volume before and after distortion principle carries out calculating material when forging blanking specification and loose tool Size calculation. Two, larger diameter end. This part is shaped in loose tool outside, and for when preventing jumping-up, unstability causes bending, the forging ' s block dimension length-to-diameter ratio being exposed at outside loose tool can not more than 2.5; Three, smaller diameter end. This part is reserved in loose tool, after larger diameter end size meets requirement, then undertaken pulling out length by forging in loose tool, finally reach smaller diameter end dimensional requirement, producing indent phenomenon for preventing pulling out growth process medial end portions, loose tool height dimension should be not less than the 1/2 of diameter of forgings; Four, for preventing the large and small diameter end of upsetting process from decentraction problem occurring, need after upset forging, carry out forging rolling cylindrical together with loose tool, like this, just loose tool gabarit must be dimensioned to consistent with larger diameter end; Five, in forging process, large and small diameter switching place fillet is difficult to eliminate, and accounts for very much material, is calculated by UG, and the volume that fillet place accounts for can increase at smaller diameter end length direction, and numerical value is equal with fillet size.
Described diameter difference step forged shaft loose tool manufacturing process improves the utilization ratio of material greatly, reduces forging scrap rate, improves structure property simultaneously. Material use efficiency improved 35%-55% more originally.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and the embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Fig. 1 is forging schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is fetal membrane base schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is bar schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is forging production process I;
Fig. 5 is forging production process II;
Fig. 6 is forging production process III;
Fig. 7 is forging production process IV;
Fig. 8 is forging production process V;
Fig. 9 is forging production process VI.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Described diameter difference step forged shaft loose tool manufacturing process step is as follows:
1. blanking;
By calculating, cut bar format diameter DRod, length LRod, concrete calculation formula is:
Size and the bar specification of loose tool is gone out by following formulae discovery;
1/4��DRod 2��LMould=1/4 �� d2��(L-L1+ R);
1/4��DRod 2��(LRod-LMould)=1/4 �� D2��L1;
Meet: (L simultaneouslyRod-LMould)/DRod< 2.5, LMould> 1/2DRod;
Wherein, D is step axle larger diameter end diameter, is also fetal membrane outer wall dimension simultaneously; D is step axle smaller diameter end diameter; L is step axle total length; L1For step axle larger diameter end length; LMouldFor the length of loose tool;
2. jumping-up;
Loose tool 3 is carried out preheating, preheat temperature range 150 DEG C-300 DEG C, warm up time >=30min, bar is put in process furnace and heats, preheat temperature range 800 DEG C-900 DEG C, the insulation shortest time calculates by 0.25mm/min-0.6mm/min coefficient, the upper limit adds 30min, Heating temperature scope 1050 DEG C-1180 DEG C, soaking time calculates by 0.3mm/min-1.5mm/min coefficient, take out after insulation, setting is placed on lower hammer anvil 4, hammer anvil 1 is used to touch bar, surface scale is knocked and becomes forging, then forging is put in the loose tool 3 after preheating, referring specifically to accompanying drawing 4, steadily being placed on lower hammer anvil by loose tool 3 and forging, upper hammer anvil moves downward, by the forging jumping-up outside loose tool, referring specifically to accompanying drawing 5, work as L1When size meets, concentric for ensureing forging step axle smaller diameter end and step axle larger diameter end, simultaneously also in order to eliminate the outer circle drum owing to producing in upsetting process, forging 2 is lain in together with loose tool 3 on lower hammer anvil 4, upper hammer anvil 1 moves downward, carry out rolling cylindrical, final guarantee size step axle larger diameter end diameter D and step axle larger diameter end length L1; Referring specifically to accompanying drawing 6;
3. length is pulled out;
Forging 2 is melted down heating, Heating temperature scope 1050 DEG C-1180 DEG C, soaking time calculates by 0.15mm/min-1.5mm/min coefficient, take out after insulation, clamp step axle larger diameter end and carry out pulling out length, referring specifically to accompanying drawing 7, until step axle smaller diameter end size d and step axle total length L reach requirement, referring specifically to accompanying drawing 8, for ensureing that forging step axle larger diameter end and step axle smaller diameter end are concentric greatly, when pulling out long, adopt the mode that spiral upset is sent into;
4. shaping;
Forging is erected on lower hammer anvil and carries out shaping, referring specifically to accompanying drawing 8; To pull out in growth processPlatform Rank axleThe cydariform that smaller diameter end produces carries out smooth.
Following factor need to be considered: one, equal according to volume before and after distortion principle carries out calculating material when forging blanking specification and loose tool Size calculation. Two, larger diameter end. This part is shaped in loose tool outside, and for when preventing jumping-up, unstability causes bending, the forging ' s block dimension length-to-diameter ratio being exposed at outside loose tool can not more than 2.5; Three, smaller diameter end. This part is reserved in loose tool, after larger diameter end size meets requirement, then undertaken pulling out length by forging in loose tool, finally reach smaller diameter end dimensional requirement, producing indent phenomenon for preventing pulling out growth process medial end portions, loose tool height dimension should be not less than the 1/2 of diameter of forgings; Four, for preventing the large and small diameter end of upsetting process from decentraction problem occurring, need after upset forging, carry out forging rolling cylindrical together with loose tool, like this, just loose tool gabarit must be dimensioned to consistent with larger diameter end; Five, in forging process, large and small diameter switching place fillet is difficult to eliminate, and accounts for very much material, is calculated by UG, and the volume that fillet place accounts for can increase at smaller diameter end length direction, and numerical value is equal with fillet size.
Described diameter difference step forged shaft loose tool manufacturing process improves the utilization ratio of material greatly, reduces forging scrap rate, improves structure property simultaneously. Material use efficiency improved 35%-55% more originally.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is:
Forging ' s block dimension D=�� 355mm, L1=100mm, L=460mm, d=�� 150mm, passes through formulae discovery:
1/4��DRod 2��LMould=1/4 �� d2��(L-L1+ R);
1/4��DRod 2��(LRod-LMould)=1/4 �� D2��L1;
Meet: (L simultaneouslyRod-LMould)/DRod< 2.5, LMould> 1/2DRod;
Cutting bar format diameter is DRod=�� 220mm, length is LRod=465mm, the size L of loose toolMould=175mm. Adopting traditional method starting material single-piece consumption to be 221kg, after employing the present embodiment method, materials consumption is 138.7kg, and material use efficiency improved 37% more originally.
Claims (3)
1. a diameter difference step forged shaft loose tool manufacturing process, it is characterised in that: described diameter difference step forged shaft loose tool manufacturing process step is as follows:
1. blanking;
By calculating, cut bar format diameter DRod, length LRod, concrete calculation formula is:
Size and the bar specification of loose tool is gone out by following formulae discovery;
1/4��DRod 2��LMould=1/4 �� d2��(L-L1+ R);
1/4��DRod 2��(LRod-LMould)=1/4 �� D2��L1;
Meet: (L simultaneouslyRod-LMould)/DRod< 2.5, LMould> 1/2DRod;
Wherein, D is step axle larger diameter end diameter, is also fetal membrane outer wall dimension simultaneously; D is step axle smaller diameter end diameter; L is step axle total length; L1For step axle larger diameter end length; LMouldFor the length of loose tool;
2. jumping-up;
Loose tool (3) is carried out preheating, preheat temperature range 150 DEG C-300 DEG C, warm up time >=30min, bar is put in process furnace and heats, preheat temperature range 800 DEG C-900 DEG C, the insulation shortest time calculates by 0.25mm/min-0.6mm/min coefficient, the upper limit adds 30min, Heating temperature scope 1050 DEG C-1180 DEG C, soaking time calculates by 0.3mm/min-1.5mm/min coefficient, take out after insulation, setting is placed on lower hammer anvil (4), hammer anvil (1) is used to touch bar, surface scale is knocked and becomes forging, then forging is put in the loose tool (3) after preheating, loose tool (3) and forging steadily are placed on lower hammer anvil, upper hammer anvil moves downward, by the forging jumping-up outside loose tool, as step axle larger diameter end length L1When size meets, concentric for ensureing forging step axle smaller diameter end and step axle larger diameter end, simultaneously also in order to eliminate the outer circle drum owing to producing in upsetting process, forging (2) and loose tool (3) are lain on lower hammer anvil (4) together, upper hammer anvil (1) moves downward, carry out rolling cylindrical, final guarantee size step axle larger diameter end diameter D and step axle larger diameter end length L1;
3. length is pulled out;
Forging (2) is melted down heating, Heating temperature scope 1050 DEG C-1180 DEG C, soaking time calculates by 0.15mm/min-1.5mm/min coefficient, take out after insulation, clamp step axle larger diameter end to carry out pulling out length, until step axle smaller diameter end size d and step axle total length L reach requirement, concentric for ensureing step axle larger diameter end and step axle smaller diameter end, adopt the mode that spiral upset is sent into when pulling out long;
4. shaping;
Forging is erected on lower hammer anvil and carries out shaping, undertaken smooth by pulling out the cydariform that in growth process, step axle smaller diameter end produces.
2. according to diameter difference step forged shaft loose tool manufacturing process described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the forging ' s block dimension length-to-diameter ratio being exposed at outside loose tool can not more than 2.5.
3. according to diameter difference step forged shaft loose tool manufacturing process described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: loose tool height dimension is not less than the 1/2 of diameter of forgings.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410629479.5A CN105642802B (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2014-11-10 | A kind of diameter difference step forged shaft loose tool manufacturing process |
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| CN201410629479.5A CN105642802B (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2014-11-10 | A kind of diameter difference step forged shaft loose tool manufacturing process |
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| CN105642802B CN105642802B (en) | 2017-09-22 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105935739A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-14 | 安徽省瑞杰锻造有限责任公司 | Forging technology of motor shaft |
| CN109794570A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-24 | 苏州宝业锻造有限公司 | A kind of simple loose tool forging method of the big valve body of double flanges |
| CN114425590A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-03 | 鞍钢重型机械有限责任公司 | Forging method of short sleeve with flange |
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| CN1736654A (en) * | 2004-08-19 | 2006-02-22 | 中国北车集团大同电力机车有限责任公司 | Integrated forging method of flange type step thin wall long sheath forging |
| CN101314202A (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2008-12-03 | 江阴振宏重型锻造有限公司 | Method for producing wind-electricity principal axis with gathering stock full fibre upset forging |
| CN101456057A (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2009-06-17 | 江阴风电法兰制造有限公司 | Large-scale wind electricity main-axis end large-flange tyre die forging tool and method |
| CN101602157A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2009-12-16 | 刘惠 | A kind of production technology of speed reducer output shaft |
| KR20130042823A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-29 | 현진소재주식회사 | A pair of top and bottom upsetting dies of a heavy metal forging process for an improvement of metal physical properties and a formation of a holding part |
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2014
- 2014-11-10 CN CN201410629479.5A patent/CN105642802B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1736654A (en) * | 2004-08-19 | 2006-02-22 | 中国北车集团大同电力机车有限责任公司 | Integrated forging method of flange type step thin wall long sheath forging |
| CN101314202A (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2008-12-03 | 江阴振宏重型锻造有限公司 | Method for producing wind-electricity principal axis with gathering stock full fibre upset forging |
| CN101456057A (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2009-06-17 | 江阴风电法兰制造有限公司 | Large-scale wind electricity main-axis end large-flange tyre die forging tool and method |
| CN101602157A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2009-12-16 | 刘惠 | A kind of production technology of speed reducer output shaft |
| KR20130042823A (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-29 | 현진소재주식회사 | A pair of top and bottom upsetting dies of a heavy metal forging process for an improvement of metal physical properties and a formation of a holding part |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105935739A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-14 | 安徽省瑞杰锻造有限责任公司 | Forging technology of motor shaft |
| CN109794570A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-24 | 苏州宝业锻造有限公司 | A kind of simple loose tool forging method of the big valve body of double flanges |
| CN114425590A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-03 | 鞍钢重型机械有限责任公司 | Forging method of short sleeve with flange |
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| CN105642802B (en) | 2017-09-22 |
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Address after: 110043 Dong TA street, Dadong District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, No. 6 Patentee after: Chinese Hangfa Shenyang Liming Aero engine limited liability company Address before: 110043 Dong TA street, Dadong District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, No. 6 Patentee before: Liming Aeroplane Engine (Group) Co., Ltd., Shenyang City |
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Granted publication date: 20170922 Termination date: 20201110 |