CN105640670B - 生物固定型的髋关节扩张器 - Google Patents

生物固定型的髋关节扩张器 Download PDF

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CN105640670B
CN105640670B CN201610165226.6A CN201610165226A CN105640670B CN 105640670 B CN105640670 B CN 105640670B CN 201610165226 A CN201610165226 A CN 201610165226A CN 105640670 B CN105640670 B CN 105640670B
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expander
ontology
prosthese
hip joint
biological fixation
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CN105640670A (zh
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董乃光
王爱国
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Trauson Medical Instrument China Co Ltd
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Trauson Medical Instrument China Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662—Femoral shafts
    • A61F2/3672—Intermediate parts of shafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30721—Accessories
    • A61F2/30734—Modular inserts, sleeves or augments, e.g. placed on proximal part of stem for fixation purposes or wedges for bridging a bone defect
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662—Femoral shafts
    • A61F2/3676—Distal or diaphyseal parts of shafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/3006—Properties of materials and coating materials
    • A61F2002/30062—(bio)absorbable, biodegradable, bioerodable, (bio)resorbable, resorptive
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30108—Shapes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30594—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for slotted, e.g. radial or meridian slot ending in a polar aperture, non-polar slots, horizontal or arcuate slots
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662—Femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3678—Geometrical features
    • A61F2002/368—Geometrical features with lateral apertures, bores, holes or openings, e.g. for reducing the mass, for receiving fixation screws or for communicating with the inside of a hollow shaft

Abstract

本发明属于医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种生物固定型的髋关节扩张器，所述扩张器包括本体，本体的中部设有便于将本体套设在髋关节股骨柄中部或远端处的通孔，髋关节柄体扩张器选用人体可吸收降解的材料制成。本发明解决了生物固定型的髋关节股骨柄跟生理上髓腔形状不易配合的问题，同时使用可生物降解的扩张器，一方面增强了假体初期固定稳定性，使医生有更多的机会重新正确的解剖结构；当假体渡过初期固定时期后，进入骨长入固定时期，扩张器便可慢慢的降解，这样避免股骨柄假体应力遮挡和大腿疼痛问题的发生，增强了假体生物固定的稳定性。同时如果进行翻修手术的话，方便医生取出假体。扩张器可根据实际髓腔解剖形态，放置于假体远端位置处。

Description

生物固定型的髋关节扩张器
技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种生物固定型的髋关节扩张器。
背景技术
现有的股骨柄上的扩张器是采用骨水泥型股骨柄进行人工髋关节置换的常用配件，目的是将股骨柄固定在髓腔的中心，使骨水泥厚度均匀且股骨受力均匀。
髋关节置换中生物型股骨柄与髓腔的匹配对于初期股骨柄的稳定性至关重要，且直接影响到远期假体的生物固定好坏。目前股骨柄假体近端及远端尺寸为固定的比例关系，即大型号的假体设计成具有大号的柄体近端和远端尺寸，为了匹配生理上具有大型号髓腔的病患，或小型号的假体设计成具有小号的柄体近端和远端尺寸，为了匹配生理上具有小型号髓腔的病患。而临床实际情况却经常是小号生理髓腔近端对应大号生理髓腔远端或大号生理髓腔近端对应小号生理髓腔远端。因此现有标准假体很难匹配各种生理解剖上的髓腔形态，从而影响了关节置换的疗效。
目前，金属组配式远端股骨柄假体已经应用于临床。由于金属弹性模量远远大于皮质骨弹性模量，其远端长期骨配合可在宿主骨中造成很大的应力遮挡，从而产生一系列的负面效应，如近端骨溶解等。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种生物固定型的髋关节扩张器，使用可生物降解的材料，避免了股骨柄假体跟髓腔不匹配的问题，利于提高假体初期固定的稳定性。
为实现上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种生物固定型的髋关节扩张器，包括本体，本体的内部设有便于将本体套设在髋关节股骨柄中部或远端处的通孔，所述髋关节扩张器选用人体可吸收降解的材料制成。
优选的，所述本体的外轮廓与股骨柄轮廓一致，所述本体呈与髓腔相配合的长方形，本体的一侧、位于通孔的外围设有回型沟槽。
优选的，所述本体上、与通孔的伸长方向相一致的棱的位置处设有断条。
优选的，所述髋关节扩张器的材质为人体可吸收的金属材料或人体可吸收的有机材料。
采用上述技术方案后，本发明具有以下积极效果：
本发明中的髋关节扩张器的材质选用人体可吸收降解的材料，所述扩张器设于髋关节股骨柄的中部或远端位置处，此可降解扩张器早期起到增强假体固定稳定作用。一旦股骨柄假体进入生物固定时期，中部或远端填充扩张器逐渐降解吸收，避免了应力遮挡的问题，降低了假体的弹性模量，增强假体生物固定的稳定性。
附图说明
图1为本发明的生物固定型的髋关节扩张器一个方位的立体图；
图2为图1所示生物固定型的髋关节扩张器另一个方位的立体图。
其中：1、本体，11、通孔，12、沟槽，13、断条。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应作广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
股骨柄一般通过近端与人体生物固定。本发明的非骨水泥固定的髋关节扩张器设于股骨柄的中部或远端位置处，初期使股骨柄假体中部或远端稳定于髓腔中心，使位置对中。
如图1-2所示，为本发明的生物固定型的髋关节扩张器，包括呈扁状方形的本体1，本体1的外轮廓与股骨柄轮廓一致。本体1的中部设有通孔11，通孔11便于将本体1套设在髋关节股骨柄的中部或远端处。本体1的一侧、位于通孔11的外围设有回型沟槽12，回型沟槽12使得本体1不是实心状态，利于提高后期扩张器的降解速率。本体1上、与通孔11的伸长方向相一致的棱的位置处设有断条13，断条13的设置也是为了提高后期扩张器的降解速率，降低扩张器的弹性模量。
本发明中的扩张器的选用现有的人体可吸收降解的材料制成，这种材料可以是人体可吸收的金属材料，如镁或镁合金；还可以是人体可吸收的有机材料，如聚乳酸等。扩张器选用人体可吸收降解的材料是为了一旦近端股骨柄假体与人体生物固定后，通过扩张器的降解，避免了应力遮挡的问题，增强假体生物固定的稳定性，从而避免骨溶解等负面影响，更有利患处的恢复。
对本领域的技术人员来说，可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思，做出其它各种相应的改变以及形变，而所有的这些改变以及形变都应该属于本发明要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种生物固定型的髋关节扩张器，其特征在于：包括本体(1)，本体(1)的内部设有便于将本体(1)套设在髋关节股骨柄中部或远端处的通孔(11)，所述髋关节扩张器选用人体可吸收降解的材料制成，本体(1)的外轮廓与股骨柄轮廓一致，本体(1)呈扁状方形，本体(1)的一侧、位于通孔(11)的外围设有回型沟槽(12)，本体(1)上、与通孔(11)的伸长方向相一致的棱的位置处设有断条(13)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生物固定型的髋关节扩张器，其特征在于：所述髋关节股骨柄扩张器的材质为人体可吸收的金属材料或人体可吸收的有机材料。
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CN106691633B (zh) * 2016-12-29 2018-09-14 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材有限公司 股骨近端套管组件
CN107951598B (zh) * 2017-11-06 2019-11-12 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材有限公司 夹层假体及具有其的股骨柄假体组件

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ES2223763T3 (es) * 2000-03-01 2005-03-01 Zimmer Gmbh Protesis de vastago que puede fijarse con cemento.
DE10120331A1 (de) * 2001-04-26 2002-11-21 Ulrich Muender Schenkelhals-Totalendoprothese
CN2657610Y (zh) * 2003-11-24 2004-11-24 吴栋 人工髋关节柄的多翼中置器
CN101773420A (zh) * 2009-01-08 2010-07-14 陈天雄 模块化的人工髋关节股骨柄
CN201743800U (zh) * 2009-12-31 2011-02-16 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材股份有限公司 股骨柄中置器
CN202136445U (zh) * 2011-04-20 2012-02-08 北京纳通科技集团有限公司 生物吸收型股骨柄假体
CN202161390U (zh) * 2011-06-30 2012-03-14 北京爱康宜诚医疗器材股份有限公司 股骨髓腔栓子
CN105055051B (zh) * 2015-08-11 2018-01-12 嘉思特华剑医疗器材(天津)有限公司 一种骨小梁髋关节系统
CN205612593U (zh) * 2016-03-22 2016-10-05 创生医疗器械（中国）有限公司 生物固定型的髋关节扩张器

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