CN105638779A - 一种园艺除草剂 - Google Patents

一种园艺除草剂 Download PDF

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CN105638779A
CN105638779A CN201610073756.8A CN201610073756A CN105638779A CN 105638779 A CN105638779 A CN 105638779A CN 201610073756 A CN201610073756 A CN 201610073756A CN 105638779 A CN105638779 A CN 105638779A
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陈翔
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Abstract

本发明涉及农用杀虫剂技术领域，尤其是一种园艺除草剂；所述除草剂的质量份组成如下：氯酸钠10-15份、硼砂5-8份、三氯醋酸0.8-6.4份、苯噻酰草胺6-8份、灭草松6.4-8.8份、莠去津1.8-5.4份、乙草胺1.8-4.8份、山梨醇酐单油酸酯0.8-2.4份、阔叶散1.2-3.2份、大蒜提取物5-10份、野花椒提取物4-8份、苦楝籽3.6-6份、棉籽油5.6-8.4份、菜油甾醇1.8-4.8份；本发明的园艺除草剂的防效高于淡季的防效，除草谱广，能够同时有效防除禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草，降低了农药的使用量，缩短了显效时间，克服了人们常用的除草剂在除草时会有一部分的苗木也因此而枯死的后患。

Description

一种园艺除草剂
技术领域
本发明涉及农用杀虫剂技术领域，尤其是一种园艺除草剂。
背景技术
除草剂又称除莠剂，用以消灭或抑制植物生长的一类物质。作用受除草剂、植物和环境条件三因素的影响，按作用分为灭生性和选择性除草剂，常用的品种为有机化合物，可广泛用于防治农田、果园、花卉苗圃、草原及非耕地、铁路线、河道、水库、仓库等地杂草、杂灌、杂树等有害植物，目前市场上除草剂质量良莠不齐，除草效果不好，甚至对农作物的生长有不利影响。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是：克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种除草效果好、安全性高、药效时间长、除草范围广的园艺除草剂。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种园艺除草剂，所述除草剂的质量份组成如下：氯酸钠10-15份、硼砂5-8份、三氯醋酸0.8-6.4份、苯噻酰草胺6-8份、灭草松6.4-8.8份、莠去津1.8-5.4份、乙草胺1.8-4.8份、山梨醇酐单油酸酯0.8-2.4份、阔叶散1.2-3.2份、大蒜提取物5-10份、野花椒提取物4-8份、苦楝籽3.6-6份、棉籽油5.6-8.4份、菜油甾醇1.8-4.8份、分散润湿剂0.3-0.6份、抗冻剂0.2-0.8份、增稠剂0.3-0.6份、消泡剂0.5-0.8份。
进一步的，所述大蒜提取物采用以下方法提取：取洗净的大蒜，捣碎、烘干、粉碎，然后置于油水混合相中，所述油水混合相为菜子油和水，其质量比为1:1.2-4.8，大蒜与油水混合相的质量比为1:2.4-4.8；再将大蒜与油水混合相形成的混合物置于压榨机中进行压榨处理，过滤，液相物质静置分层，油层调制成比重1.103-1.111g/l、折光率在20℃时为1.5601-1.5612的大蒜提取物。
进一步的，所述烘干操作包括将大蒜放入烘箱内，以文火烘干，温度控制在60-65℃，烘6-8h，每2h翻动一次，使大蒜受热均匀。
进一步的，所述野花椒提取物采用以下方法提取：取野花椒粉碎80-100目，加10倍量体积百分比浓度为85-90%的乙醇水溶液回流提取3次，提取液减压回收乙醇，浸膏加盐酸水溶液溶解，加硅胶干燥剂干燥后，再依次用石油醚、氯仿超声提取，收集氯仿提取液，浓缩，回收氯仿后，得到野花椒提取物。
进一步的，所述分散润湿剂的质量份组成为：所述磺酸盐和硫酸酯盐的质量比为1-3∶16，所述硫酸酯盐和聚羧酸盐的质量比为1-3∶8。
进一步的，所述抗冻剂的质量份组成如下：抗冻多肽3-6份、海藻糖2.8-4份、多聚磷酸盐0.3-0.4份。
进一步的，所述增稠剂石灰石粉28-48份、聚乙二醇24-36份、丙烯酸28-32份、羟乙基纤维素18-24份、十二烷基苯磺酸钠3-6份。
进一步的，所述消泡剂的质量份组成如下：多缩硅醇钠15-25份、水22-28份、氯化叔戊烷4-8份、乙二醇3-18份、聚醚改性硅油32-34份。
进一步的，所述除草剂的质量份组成如下：氯酸钠12份、硼砂7份、三氯醋酸3.6份、苯噻酰草胺7份、灭草松7.2份、莠去津3.6份、乙草胺2.4份、山梨醇酐单油酸酯1.6份、阔叶散2.1份、大蒜提取物7.5份、野花椒提取物6份、苦楝籽5份、棉籽油7份、菜油甾醇3.2份、分散润湿剂0.4份、抗冻剂0.5份、增稠剂0.4份、消泡剂0.6份。
采用本发明的技术方案的有益效果是：
本发明提供的园艺除草剂除草效果好、安全性高、药效时间长、除草范围广、成本小。本发明的园艺除草剂的防效高于淡季的防效，除草谱广，能够同时有效防除禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草，降低了农药的使用量，缩短了显效时间，同时又不伤害到苗木；通过田间应用实验，在长满杂草的树苗基地上喷洒本除草剂过后5天，野生的杂草全部枯黄死光，苗木却安然无事，克服了人们常用的除草剂在除草时会有一部分的苗木也因此而枯死的后患。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐明本发明，应理解下述具体实施方式仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种园艺除草剂，所述除草剂的质量份组成如下：氯酸钠10份、硼砂5份、三氯醋酸0.8份、苯噻酰草胺6份、灭草松6.4份、莠去津1.8份、乙草胺1.8份、山梨醇酐单油酸酯0.8份、阔叶散1.2份、大蒜提取物5份、野花椒提取物4份、苦楝籽3.6份、棉籽油5.6份、菜油甾醇1.8份、分散润湿剂0.3份、抗冻剂0.2份、增稠剂0.3份、消泡剂0.5份。
其中，所述大蒜提取物采用以下方法提取：取洗净的大蒜，捣碎、烘干、粉碎，然后置于油水混合相中，所述油水混合相为菜子油和水，其质量比为1:1.2，大蒜与油水混合相的质量比为1:2.4；再将大蒜与油水混合相形成的混合物置于压榨机中进行压榨处理，过滤，液相物质静置分层，油层调制成比重1.103-1.111g/l、折光率在20℃时为1.5601-1.5612的大蒜提取物，其中，所述烘干操作包括将大蒜放入烘箱内，以文火烘干，温度控制在60-65℃，烘6h，每2h翻动一次，使大蒜受热均匀。
其中，所述野花椒提取物采用以下方法提取：取野花椒粉碎80目，加10倍量体积百分比浓度为85%的乙醇水溶液回流提取3次，提取液减压回收乙醇，浸膏加盐酸水溶液溶解，加硅胶干燥剂干燥后，再依次用石油醚、氯仿超声提取，收集氯仿提取液，浓缩，回收氯仿后，得到野花椒提取物。
其中，所述分散润湿剂的质量份组成为：所述磺酸盐和硫酸酯盐的质量比为1∶16，所述硫酸酯盐和聚羧酸盐的质量比为1∶8。
其中，所述抗冻剂的质量份组成如下：抗冻多肽3份、海藻糖2.8份、多聚磷酸盐0.3份。
其中，所述增稠剂石灰石粉28份、聚乙二醇24份、丙烯酸28份、羟乙基纤维素18份、十二烷基苯磺酸钠3份。
其中，所述消泡剂的质量份组成如下：多缩硅醇钠15份、水22份、氯化叔戊烷4份、乙二醇3份、聚醚改性硅油32份。
将本实施例的园艺除草剂按每亩10g的施用量在播后苗前施用于田间，在绝对保证安全性前提下，结果显示防除禾本科杂草防效达98.6％，防阔叶杂草防效达92.4％。
实施例2
一种园艺除草剂，所述除草剂的质量份组成如下：氯酸钠11份、硼砂6份、三氯醋酸1.2份、苯噻酰草胺6.2份、灭草松6.8份、莠去津2份、乙草胺2份、山梨醇酐单油酸酯1.2份、阔叶散1.5份、大蒜提取物6份、野花椒提取物5份、苦楝籽4份、棉籽油5.8份、菜油甾醇2份、分散润湿剂0.4份、抗冻剂0.3份、增稠剂0.4份、消泡剂0.6份。
其中，所述大蒜提取物采用以下方法提取：取洗净的大蒜，捣碎、烘干、粉碎，然后置于油水混合相中，所述油水混合相为菜子油和水，其质量比为1:1.5，大蒜与油水混合相的质量比为1:2.8；再将大蒜与油水混合相形成的混合物置于压榨机中进行压榨处理，过滤，液相物质静置分层，油层调制成比重1.103-1.111g/l、折光率在20℃时为1.5601-1.5612的大蒜提取物，其中，所述烘干操作包括将大蒜放入烘箱内，以文火烘干，温度控制在60-65℃，烘7h，每2h翻动一次，使大蒜受热均匀。
其中，所述野花椒提取物采用以下方法提取：取野花椒粉碎80-100目，加10倍量体积百分比浓度为90%的乙醇水溶液回流提取3次，提取液减压回收乙醇，浸膏加盐酸水溶液溶解，加硅胶干燥剂干燥后，再依次用石油醚、氯仿超声提取，收集氯仿提取液，浓缩，回收氯仿后，得到野花椒提取物。
其中，所述分散润湿剂的质量份组成为：所述磺酸盐和硫酸酯盐的质量比为1.2∶16，所述硫酸酯盐和聚羧酸盐的质量比为1.2∶8。
其中，所述抗冻剂的质量份组成如下：抗冻多肽3-6份、海藻糖2.8-4份、多聚磷酸盐0.32份。
其中，所述增稠剂石灰石粉30份、聚乙二醇26份、丙烯酸30份、羟乙基纤维素20份、十二烷基苯磺酸钠4份。
其中，所述消泡剂的质量份组成如下：多缩硅醇钠18份、水25份、氯化叔戊烷5份、乙二醇5份、聚醚改性硅油33份。
将本实施例的园艺除草剂按每亩10g的施用量在播后苗前施用于田间，在绝对保证安全性前提下，结果显示防除禾本科杂草防效达98.8％，防阔叶杂草防效达92.6％。
实施例3
一种园艺除草剂，所述除草剂的质量份组成如下：氯酸钠12份、硼砂7份、三氯醋酸3.6份、苯噻酰草胺7份、灭草松7.2份、莠去津3.6份、乙草胺2.4份、山梨醇酐单油酸酯1.6份、阔叶散2.1份、大蒜提取物7.5份、野花椒提取物6份、苦楝籽5份、棉籽油7份、菜油甾醇3.2份、分散润湿剂0.4份、抗冻剂0.5份、增稠剂0.4份、消泡剂0.6份。
其中，所述大蒜提取物采用以下方法提取：取洗净的大蒜，捣碎、烘干、粉碎，然后置于油水混合相中，所述油水混合相为菜子油和水，其质量比为1:2.5，大蒜与油水混合相的质量比为1:3.6；再将大蒜与油水混合相形成的混合物置于压榨机中进行压榨处理，过滤，液相物质静置分层，油层调制成比重1.103-1.111g/l、折光率在20℃时为1.5601-1.5612的大蒜提取物，其中，所述烘干操作包括将大蒜放入烘箱内，以文火烘干，温度控制在60-65℃，烘8h，每2h翻动一次，使大蒜受热均匀。
其中，所述野花椒提取物采用以下方法提取：取野花椒粉碎100目，加10倍量体积百分比浓度为85%的乙醇水溶液回流提取3次，提取液减压回收乙醇，浸膏加盐酸水溶液溶解，加硅胶干燥剂干燥后，再依次用石油醚、氯仿超声提取，收集氯仿提取液，浓缩，回收氯仿后，得到野花椒提取物。
其中，所述分散润湿剂的质量份组成为：所述磺酸盐和硫酸酯盐的质量比为3∶16，所述硫酸酯盐和聚羧酸盐的质量比为3∶8。
其中，所述抗冻剂的质量份组成如下：抗冻多肽5份、海藻糖3.2份、多聚磷酸盐0.35份。
其中，所述增稠剂石灰石粉38份、聚乙二醇30份、丙烯酸30份、羟乙基纤维素20份、十二烷基苯磺酸钠5份。
其中，所述消泡剂的质量份组成如下：多缩硅醇钠20份、水25份、氯化叔戊烷6份、乙二醇10份、聚醚改性硅油33份。
将本实施例的园艺除草剂按每亩10g的施用量在播后苗前施用于田间，在绝对保证安全性前提下，结果显示防除禾本科杂草防效达98.8％，防阔叶杂草防效达93.5％。
实施例4
一种园艺除草剂，所述除草剂的质量份组成如下：氯酸钠14份、硼砂7份、三氯醋酸6份、苯噻酰草胺7、灭草松7.2份、莠去津3.6份、乙草胺3.6份、山梨醇酐单油酸酯2.2份、阔叶散2.8份、大蒜提取物9份、野花椒提取物7份、苦楝籽5.8份、棉籽油7.8份、菜油甾醇3.6份、分散润湿剂0.5份、抗冻剂0.6份、增稠剂0.5份、消泡剂0.7份。
其中，所述大蒜提取物采用以下方法提取：取洗净的大蒜，捣碎、烘干、粉碎，然后置于油水混合相中，所述油水混合相为菜子油和水，其质量比为1:3.6，大蒜与油水混合相的质量比为1:4.5；再将大蒜与油水混合相形成的混合物置于压榨机中进行压榨处理，过滤，液相物质静置分层，油层调制成比重1.103-1.111g/l、折光率在20℃时为1.5601-1.5612的大蒜提取物，其中，所述烘干操作包括将大蒜放入烘箱内，以文火烘干，温度控制在65℃，烘8h，每2h翻动一次，使大蒜受热均匀。
其中，所述野花椒提取物采用以下方法提取：取野花椒粉碎100目，加10倍量体积百分比浓度为90%的乙醇水溶液回流提取3次，提取液减压回收乙醇，浸膏加盐酸水溶液溶解，加硅胶干燥剂干燥后，再依次用石油醚、氯仿超声提取，收集氯仿提取液，浓缩，回收氯仿后，得到野花椒提取物。
其中，所述分散润湿剂的质量份组成为：所述磺酸盐和硫酸酯盐的质量比为2∶16，所述硫酸酯盐和聚羧酸盐的质量比为3∶8。
其中，所述抗冻剂的质量份组成如下：抗冻多肽5份、海藻糖3.5份、多聚磷酸盐0.38份。
其中，所述增稠剂石灰石粉45份、聚乙二醇32份、丙烯酸30份、羟乙基纤维素20份、十二烷基苯磺酸钠5份。
其中，所述消泡剂的质量份组成如下：多缩硅醇钠24份、水25份、氯化叔戊烷7份、乙二醇16份、聚醚改性硅油33份。
将本实施例的园艺除草剂按每亩10g的施用量在播后苗前施用于田间，在绝对保证安全性前提下，结果显示防除禾本科杂草防效达98.5％，防阔叶杂草防效达92.4％。
实施例5
一种园艺除草剂，所述除草剂的质量份组成如下：氯酸钠15份、硼砂8份、三氯醋酸6.4份、苯噻酰草胺8份、灭草松8.8份、莠去津5.4份、乙草胺4.8份、山梨醇酐单油酸酯2.4份、阔叶散3.2份、大蒜提取物10份、野花椒提取物8份、苦楝籽6份、棉籽油8.4份、菜油甾醇4.8份、分散润湿剂0.6份、抗冻剂0.8份、增稠剂0.6份、消泡剂0.8份。
其中，所述大蒜提取物采用以下方法提取：取洗净的大蒜，捣碎、烘干、粉碎，然后置于油水混合相中，所述油水混合相为菜子油和水，其质量比为1:4.8，大蒜与油水混合相的质量比为1:4.8；再将大蒜与油水混合相形成的混合物置于压榨机中进行压榨处理，过滤，液相物质静置分层，油层调制成比重1.103-1.111g/l、折光率在20℃时为1.5601-1.5612的大蒜提取物，其中，所述烘干操作包括将大蒜放入烘箱内，以文火烘干，温度控制在65℃，烘8h，每2h翻动一次，使大蒜受热均匀。
其中，所述野花椒提取物采用以下方法提取：取野花椒粉碎80-100目，加10倍量体积百分比浓度为90%的乙醇水溶液回流提取3次，提取液减压回收乙醇，浸膏加盐酸水溶液溶解，加硅胶干燥剂干燥后，再依次用石油醚、氯仿超声提取，收集氯仿提取液，浓缩，回收氯仿后，得到野花椒提取物。
其中，所述分散润湿剂的质量份组成为：所述磺酸盐和硫酸酯盐的质量比为3∶16，所述硫酸酯盐和聚羧酸盐的质量比为3∶8。
其中，所述抗冻剂的质量份组成如下：抗冻多肽6份、海藻糖4份、多聚磷酸盐0.4份。
其中，所述增稠剂石灰石粉48份、聚乙二醇36份、丙烯酸32份、羟乙基纤维素24份、十二烷基苯磺酸钠6份。
其中，所述消泡剂的质量份组成如下：多缩硅醇钠25份、水28份、氯化叔戊烷8份、乙二醇18份、聚醚改性硅油34份。
将本实施例的园艺除草剂按每亩10g的施用量在播后苗前施用于田间，在绝对保证安全性前提下，结果显示防除禾本科杂草防效达98.9％，防阔叶杂草防效达92.7％。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求所界定的保护范围为准。

Claims (9)

1.一种园艺除草剂，其特征在于，所述除草剂的质量份组成如下：氯酸钠10-15份、硼砂5-8份、三氯醋酸0.8-6.4份、苯噻酰草胺6-8份、灭草松6.4-8.8份、莠去津1.8-5.4份、乙草胺1.8-4.8份、山梨醇酐单油酸酯0.8-2.4份、阔叶散1.2-3.2份、大蒜提取物5-10份、野花椒提取物4-8份、苦楝籽3.6-6份、棉籽油5.6-8.4份、菜油甾醇1.8-4.8份、分散润湿剂0.3-0.6份、抗冻剂0.2-0.8份、增稠剂0.3-0.6份、消泡剂0.5-0.8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种园艺除草剂，其特征在于，所述大蒜提取物采用以下方法提取：取洗净的大蒜，捣碎、烘干、粉碎，然后置于油水混合相中，所述油水混合相为菜子油和水，其质量比为1:1.2-4.8，大蒜与油水混合相的质量比为1:2.4-4.8；再将大蒜与油水混合相形成的混合物置于压榨机中进行压榨处理，过滤，液相物质静置分层，油层调制成比重1.103-1.111g/l、折光率在20℃时为1.5601-1.5612的大蒜提取物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种园艺除草剂，其特征在于：所述烘干操作包括将大蒜放入烘箱内，以文火烘干，温度控制在60-65℃，烘6-8h，每2h翻动一次，使大蒜受热均匀。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种园艺除草剂，其特征在于，所述野花椒提取物采用以下方法提取：取野花椒粉碎80-100目，加10倍量体积百分比浓度为85-90%的乙醇水溶液回流提取3次，提取液减压回收乙醇，浸膏加盐酸水溶液溶解，加硅胶干燥剂干燥后，再依次用石油醚、氯仿超声提取，收集氯仿提取液，浓缩，回收氯仿后，得到野花椒提取物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种园艺除草剂，其特征在于，所述分散润湿剂的质量份组成为：所述磺酸盐和硫酸酯盐的质量比为1-3∶16，所述硫酸酯盐和聚羧酸盐的质量比为1-3∶8。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种园艺除草剂，其特征在于，所述抗冻剂的质量份组成如下：抗冻多肽3-6份、海藻糖2.8-4份、多聚磷酸盐0.3-0.4份。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种园艺除草剂，其特征在于：所述增稠剂石灰石粉28-48份、聚乙二醇24-36份、丙烯酸28-32份、羟乙基纤维素18-24份、十二烷基苯磺酸钠3-6份。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种园艺除草剂，其特征在于：所述消泡剂的质量份组成如下：多缩硅醇钠15-25份、水22-28份、氯化叔戊烷4-8份、乙二醇3-18份、聚醚改性硅油32-34份。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种园艺除草剂，其特征在于，所述除草剂的质量份组成如下：氯酸钠12份、硼砂7份、三氯醋酸3.6份、苯噻酰草胺7份、灭草松7.2份、莠去津3.6份、乙草胺2.4份、山梨醇酐单油酸酯1.6份、阔叶散2.1份、大蒜提取物7.5份、野花椒提取物6份、苦楝籽5份、棉籽油7份、菜油甾醇3.2份、分散润湿剂0.4份、抗冻剂0.5份、增稠剂0.4份、消泡剂0.6份。
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滕春红等: "植物源除草剂研究进展", 《农药》 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106614841A (zh) * 2016-12-14 2017-05-10 安徽扬子化工有限公司 一种环保高效除草剂的配方
CN107212019A (zh) * 2017-07-22 2017-09-29 苏州星川园艺绿化有限公司 一种园艺植被除草剂
US11363819B2 (en) * 2017-11-17 2022-06-21 Upl Ltd Combinations of defoliants
CN108605991A (zh) * 2018-06-19 2018-10-02 安徽省益农化工有限公司 一种适合绿化园林苗木杂草的非耕地复配除草剂

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