CN105637650A - 太阳能电池模块 - Google Patents

太阳能电池模块 Download PDF

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CN105637650A
CN105637650A CN201480056135.8A CN201480056135A CN105637650A CN 105637650 A CN105637650 A CN 105637650A CN 201480056135 A CN201480056135 A CN 201480056135A CN 105637650 A CN105637650 A CN 105637650A
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module according
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solar battery
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CN105637650B (zh
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姜景皓
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LG Innotek Co Ltd
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Abstract

根据一个实施例的太阳能电池模块包括：支撑基板，该支撑基板具有在其中形成的贯通孔；多个太阳能电池单体，该多个太阳能电池单体被布置在所述支撑基板上；汇流条，该汇流条被电连接至所述太阳能电池单体；第一连接构件，该第一连接构件插入所述贯通孔中；和第二连接构件，该第二连接构件连接至所述第一连接构件，其中所述第二连接构件包括接触构件，该接触构件穿过所述贯通孔与所述汇流条接触。

Description

太阳能电池模块
技术领域
实施例涉及太阳能电池模块。
背景技术
近来，由于预计常规能源诸如石油和煤的耗竭和对取代常规能源的替代能量的兴趣不断增加，由太阳能生成电能的太阳能电池已经引起了人们的注意。
太阳能电池(太阳能单体或光伏单体)是其中将日光直接转化为电力的太阳能光伏发电的关键元件。
作为示例，当具有大于半导体的带隙能(Eg)的能量的日光入射到由半导体的p-n结制成的太阳能电池上时，生成电子-空穴对，由于在p-n结上形成的电场而导致电子-空穴对的电子在n层处聚集并且空穴在p层处聚集，由此在p与n之间出现电动势(光电动势或光电压)。在这种情况下，工作原理是当将负载连接至两端处的电极时电流流动。
在太阳能电池中生成的电流通过汇流条连接至接线盒。通常，汇流条在太阳能电池面板的前表面上形成，通过在面板中形成的孔横穿到面板的后表面，并且连接至接线盒。
然而，为了将汇流条插入所述孔中，需要在支撑基板上以直角折叠汇流条的过程，并且该过程可能会在汇流条的折叠部分导致诸如厚度不一致、膜脱落、裂纹等的问题。
因此，当在太阳能电池面板中形成汇流条时，需要具有能够改善太阳能电池模块的耐久性和可靠性的新结构的太阳能电池模块。
发明内容
实施例提供一种太阳能电池模块，所述太阳能电池模块能够被容易地制造并且具有改善的可靠性和耐久性。
根据实施例的太阳能电池模块包括：支撑基板，该支撑基板具有在其中形成的贯通孔；多个太阳能电池单体，该多个太阳能电池单体被设置在所述支撑基板上；汇流条，该汇流条被电连接至所述太阳能电池单体；第一连接构件，该第一连接构件插入所述贯通孔中；和第二连接构件，该第二连接构件连接至所述第一连接构件，其中所述第二连接构件包括接触构件，该接触构件穿过所述贯通孔与所述汇流条接触。
附图说明
将参照以下附图对实施例进行详细说明，其中相同的标记是指相同的元件，并且其中：
图1为图示根据实施例的太阳能电池模块的分解透视图；
图2为图示根据实施例的太阳能电池的横截面的视图；
图3为图示根据实施例的太阳能电池模块中的太阳能电池面板的顶表面的视图；
图4为图示根据实施例的太阳能电池模块中的太阳能电池面板的侧表面的视图；并且
图5为图示根据实施例的其中连接构件连接至贯通孔的太阳能电池面板的侧表面的视图。
具体实施方式
在实施例的描述中，当指层(膜)、区域、图案或结构在基板“上/之上”或“下/之下”时，层(膜)、区域或图案包括直接在其上形成或作为中间层。将基于附图对关于各层的“上/之上”或“下/之下”的引用进行描述。
为清楚和方便起见，可对附图中的层(膜)、区域、图案或结构的厚度或尺寸进行修改并且不完全反映实际厚度或尺寸。
下文中，将参照附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。
下文中，将参照图1至5对根据实施例的太阳能电池模块进行详细描述。图1为图示根据实施例的太阳能电池模块的分解透视图，图2为图示根据实施例的太阳能电池的横截面的视图，图3为图示根据实施例的太阳能电池模块中的太阳能电池面板的顶表面的视图，图4为图示根据实施例的太阳能电池模块中的太阳能电池面板的侧表面的视图，并且图5为图示根据实施例的其中连接构件连接至贯通孔的太阳能电池面板的侧表面的侧视图。
参照图1至5，根据实施例的太阳能电池模块包括太阳能电池面板100、设置在太阳能电池面板100上的保护层200、设置在保护层200上的上基板300、设置在太阳能电池面板100上的汇流条400、连接至汇流条400的连接构件500以及框架600。
太阳能电池面板100可以具有板状。太阳能电池面板100可以包括支撑基板110和设置在支撑基板110上的多个太阳能电池120。
支撑基板110可以包括绝缘体。支撑基板110可以为玻璃基板、塑料基板或金属基板。具体地，支撑基板110可以为钠钙玻璃基板。或者，可以将诸如氧化铝的陶瓷基板、不锈钢、柔性聚合物等用作支撑基板110的材料。支撑基板110可以是透明的。支撑基板110可以是刚性的或柔韧的。
可以在支撑基板110中形成贯通孔TH。具体地，在支撑基板110中可以形成多个贯通孔TH。可以形成至少两个贯通孔TH。此外，可以将贯通孔TH形成为穿过设置在支撑基板110上的太阳能电池120的一部分。
太阳能电池120各自可以为例如CIGS基太阳能电池、硅基太阳能电池、染料敏化基太阳能电池、III-IV族化合物半导体太阳能电池或III-V族化合物半导体太阳能电池。
例如，参照图2，太阳能电池120可以为CIGS基太阳能电池。具体地，太阳能电池120可以包括设置在支撑基板110上的后电极层121、设置在后电极层121上的光吸收层122、设置在光吸收层122上的缓冲层123和设置在缓冲层123上的前电极层124。可以将上述贯通孔TH形成为穿过支撑基板110和后电极层121。
后电极层121可以为导电层。例如，用作后电极层121的材料可以包括金属诸如钼等。
光吸收层122可以包括I-III-VI族基化合物。例如，光吸收层122可以具有铜-铟-镓-硒基(Cu(In,Ga)Se2；CIGS基)晶体结构、铜-铟-硒基晶体结构或铜-镓-硒基晶体结构。
缓冲层123可以包括硫化镉(CdS)、氧化锌(ZnO)等。
前电极层124可以包括氧化物。例如，用作前电极层124的材料可以包括铝掺杂的氧化锌(Al掺杂的ZnO；AZO)、氧化铟锌(IZO)、氧化铟锡(ITO)等。
可以将太阳能电池120设置成带状图案。此外，可以将太阳能电池120设置成诸如矩阵形式等的各种形式。
可以将用于保护太阳能电池面板100和上基板300的保护层200设置在太阳能电池面板100上。
保护层200防止由于水分渗透而导致太阳能电池面板100被腐蚀，并且保护太阳能电池面板100免受冲击，所述保护层200在被设置在太阳能电池面板100上的同时通过层压方法与太阳能电池面板100集成。可以由诸如乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(ethylenevinylacetate)(EVA)的材料形成保护层200。也可以在太阳能电池面板100下形成保护层200。
可以由具有高透明度和优异的破损保护功能的钢化玻璃形成设置在保护层200上的上基板300。在这种情况下，所述钢化玻璃可以为具有低铁含量的低铁钢化玻璃。可以对上基板300的内侧表面进行压纹处理以增加光的散射效果。
将框架600设置在太阳能电池面板100的外侧。框架600可以容纳太阳能电池面板100、保护层200和上基板300。具体地，框架600可以包围太阳能电池面板100的侧表面。
例如，框架600可以为金属框架。具体地，框架600可以包括诸如铝、不锈钢、铁等的各种金属。
可以将汇流条400设置在太阳能电池面板100上。可以包括至少两个汇流条400。可以将汇流条400连接至太阳能电池120。具体地，可以将汇流条400直接连接至太阳能电池120。更具体地，可以将汇流条400连接至各个最外面的太阳能电池。例如，可以将汇流条400设置在太阳能电池120的后电极层121上并且连接至太阳能电池120。
汇流条400可以包括导电胶带或导电糊剂。例如，用作汇流条400的材料可以包括铜、银、铝、锡、铅和它们的合金中的至少一种金属。
参照图4，可以将汇流条400设置成穿过在支撑基板110上形成的贯通孔TH区域。也就是说，汇流条400的至少一个表面可以通过贯通孔TH在支撑基板110的下表面处暴露。因此，汇流条400可以包括与后电极层121接触的第一表面410和设置在后电极层121中的第二表面420。汇流条400的第二表面420可以通过贯通孔TH暴露。
由于贯通孔TH穿过支撑基板110，所以可以暴露支撑基板110的内侧表面。具体地，支撑基板110可以包括经由贯通孔TH而暴露的第一内侧表面111和第二内侧表面112。
参照图5，连接构件500可以包括第一连接构件510和第二连接构件520。
可以将第一连接构件510设置在贯通孔TH中。具体地，第一连接构件510可以包括与贯通孔TH的第一内侧表面111接触的第一连接单元511和与贯通孔TH的第二内侧表面112接触的第二连接单元512。
第二连接构件520可以包括主体521和接触构件522。主体521可以支撑接触构件522。可以将接触构件522插入贯通孔TH中。具体地，接触构件522可以与设置在贯通孔TH中的第一连接构件510接触，并且可以被插入贯通孔TH中。更具体地，接触构件522可以与被设置在贯通孔TH中的第一连接构件510的第一连接单元511和第二连接单元512接触，并且可以被插入贯通孔TH中。
通过第一连接单元511和第二连接单元512可以将接触构件522设置成被固定在贯通孔TH中。具体地，将第一连接单元511和第二连接单元512中的至少一个形成为公螺纹形状或母螺纹形状，并且接触构件522可以具有与第一连接单元511和第二连接单元512中的所述至少一个连接单元互补的形状。也就是说，另一方面，可以将接触构件522形成为母螺纹形状或公螺纹形状，并且可以以公母螺纹对将第一连接构件510和接触构件522连接。因此，可以将接触构件522设置成可拆卸地固定在贯通孔中。
接触构件522可以包括导电材料。具体地，接触构件522可以包括诸如金属的导电材料。例如，接触构件522可以包括铝(Al)、镍(Ni)和它们的合金中的至少一种。
接触构件522可以与经由贯通孔TH暴露的汇流条400接触。具体地，在太阳能电池面板100上形成并且经由贯通孔TH暴露的汇流条400的表面可以与被设置成固定至贯通孔TH的接触构件522接触。
因此，接触构件522可以与汇流条400电接触。也就是说，接触构件522和汇流条400可以电连接。
可以将接触构件522连接至主体521，主体521可以包括连接至接触构件522的布线530，并且可以将布线530连接至设置在太阳能电池面板100的外部的连接器。
在根据实施例的太阳能电池模块中，可以容易地制造太阳能电池模块，并且可以改善太阳能电池的效率。
常规地，可以在太阳能电池面板上形成汇流条，汇流条可以穿过在支撑基板上形成的贯通孔从而移动至支撑基板的后表面并且可以连接至设置在支撑基板的后表面上的接线盒。在这种情况下，在穿过贯通孔的过程中可将汇流条竖直地折叠，此时，在汇流条被折叠处的部分中可能会出现裂纹。此外，诸如使汇流条横穿到支撑基板的后表面等过程的过程数目增加，并且因此存在过程效率降低的问题。
因此，在根据实施例的太阳能电池模块中，可以在支撑基板上形成贯通孔而不直接使汇流条横穿到支撑基板的后表面，将汇流条设置在形成贯通孔的位置处，汇流条的表面在支撑基板的下表面处暴露，然后可以使用连接构件等将汇流条电连接至连接器。也就是说，连接构件在用作接线盒的同时可以将连接器连接至汇流条。
因此，由于可以省略在竖直折叠汇流条后使汇流条横穿到支撑基板的后表面的过程并且不需要折叠汇流条的过程，所以通过防止汇流条被损坏可以改善太阳能电池的效率，并且可以改善制造太阳能电池模块的方法。
在根据实施例的太阳能电池模块中，能够容易地制造太阳能电池模块并且能够改善太阳能电池的效率。
常规地，可以在太阳能电池面板上形成汇流条，汇流条可以穿过在支撑基板上形成的贯通孔从而移动至支撑基板的后表面，并且可以连接至设置在支撑基板的后表面上的接线盒。在这种情况下，在穿过贯通孔的过程中可将汇流条竖直地折叠，此时，在汇流条被折叠处的部分中可能会出现裂纹。此外，诸如使汇流条横穿至支撑基板的后表面等过程的过程数目增加，并且因此存在过程效率降低的问题。
因此，在根据实施例的太阳能电池模块中，可以在支撑基板上形成贯通孔而不直接使汇流条横穿到支撑基板的后表面，将汇流条设置在形成贯通孔的位置处，汇流条的表面在支撑基板的下表面处暴露，然后可以使用连接构件等将汇流条电连接至连接器。也就是说，连接构件在用作接线盒的同时可以将连接器连接至汇流条。
因此，由于可以省略在竖直折叠汇流条后使汇流条横穿到支撑基板的后表面的过程并且不需要折叠汇流条的过程，所以通过防止汇流条被损坏可以改善太阳能电池的效率，并且可以改善制造太阳能电池模块的方法。
上述实施例中所述的特征、结构、效果等包括本发明的至少一个实施例，但本发明不仅限于一个实施例。此外，本领域中的技术人员可以对各个实施例中所说明的特征、结构、效果等进行组合或修改。因此，应将与所述组合和修改有关的内容解释为包括在本发明的范围内。
另外，尽管已经参照示例性实施例对本发明进行了具体说明，但本发明不限于此。本领域的技术人员将会理解，在不背离本发明的主旨和范围的情况下，可以做出以上中未说明的各种修改和应用。例如，可以修改和做出实施例中说明的各个部件。应该解释为，与这些修改和应用有关的差异包括在所附权利要求中所限定的本发明的范围内。

Claims (17)

1.一种太阳能电池模块，包括：
支撑基板，在所述支撑基板中形成有贯通孔；
多个太阳能电池单体，所述太阳能电池单体被设置在所述支撑基板上；
汇流条，所述汇流条被电连接至所述太阳能电池单体；
第一连接构件，所述第一连接构件插入所述贯通孔中；和
第二连接构件，所述第二连接构件连接至所述第一连接构件，
其中，所述第二连接构件包括接触构件，所述接触构件穿过所述贯通孔与所述汇流条接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的模块，其中，所述汇流条穿过形成所述贯通孔的区域，并且被设置在所述支撑基板上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的模块，其中，所述汇流条包括：
第一表面，所述第一表面与所述太阳能电池单体接触；和
第二表面，所述第二表面被设置在不与所述太阳能电池单体接触的部分上，
其中，所述汇流条的所述第二表面通过所述贯通孔暴露。
4.根据权利要求1所述的模块，其中：
所述支撑基板包括通过所述贯通孔暴露的第一内侧表面和第二内侧表面；并且
所述第一连接构件包括：
第一连接单元，所述第一连接单元与所述第一内侧表面接触；和
第二连接单元，所述第二连接单元连接至所述第二内侧表面。
5.根据权利要求4所述的模块，其中，所述接触构件与所述第一连接单元、所述第二连接单元和所述汇流条接触。
6.根据权利要求5所述的模块，其中：
所述第一连接单元和所述第二连接单元中的至少一个连接单元被形成为公螺纹形状或母螺纹形状；并且
所述接触构件被形成为与所述第一连接单元和所述第二连接单元中的所述至少一个连接单元互补的形状。
7.根据权利要求6所述的模块，其中，所述第一连接构件和所述接触构件以公母螺纹对的形式连接。
8.根据权利要求6所述的模块，其中，所述接触构件设置在所述贯通孔中以被可拆卸地固定至所述贯通孔。
9.根据权利要求5所述的模块，其中，所述第二连接构件被连接至连接器。
10.根据权利要求5所述的模块，其中，所述第二连接构件被连接至连接器。
11.根据权利要求5所述的模块，其中，所述接触构件包括导电材料。
12.根据权利要求11所述的模块，其中，所述导电材料包括金属。
13.根据权利要求11所述的模块，其中，所述导电材料包括铝(Al)、镍(Ni)及其合金中的至少一种金属。
14.根据权利要求3所述的模块，其中，所述太阳能电池面板包括：
后电极层，所述后电极层被设置在所述支撑基板上；
光吸收层，所述光吸收层被设置在所述后电极层上；和
前电极层，所述前电极层被设置在所述光吸收层上。
15.根据权利要求14所述的模块，其中：
所述汇流条被设置在所述后电极层上；并且
设置在所述支撑基板的贯通孔区域上的所述后电极层以与所述贯通孔对应的形状被穿透。
16.根据权利要求1所述的模块，其中，所述汇流条包括导电胶带或导电糊剂。
17.根据权利要求16所述的模块，其中，所述汇流条包括铜、银、铝及其合金中的至少一种金属。
CN201480056135.8A 2013-09-17 2014-09-17 太阳能电池模块 Expired - Fee Related CN105637650B (zh)

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