CN105626138B - A kind of precipice passway for escaping structure and its construction method - Google Patents
A kind of precipice passway for escaping structure and its construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105626138B CN105626138B CN201511029725.4A CN201511029725A CN105626138B CN 105626138 B CN105626138 B CN 105626138B CN 201511029725 A CN201511029725 A CN 201511029725A CN 105626138 B CN105626138 B CN 105626138B
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F11/00—Rescue devices or other safety devices, e.g. safety chambers or escape ways
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of precipice passway for escaping structure and its construction method, methods described includes：Passway for escaping to be onstructed is divided into multiple steel anchor beam structures to form to form, steel anchor beam structure includes top horizontal steel anchor beam, bottom level steel anchor beam and raker beam；The installation site of top horizontal steel anchor beam and bottom level steel anchor beam is determined on precipice massif；Drilling forms corresponding mounting hole on precipice massif；Top horizontal steel anchor beam and bottom level steel anchor beam are inserted in corresponding mounting hole；Raker beam is installed；Grouting and reinforcing is carried out to mounting hole, sealing steel reinforcement cage is installed after slip casting in mounting hole, sealing steel reinforcement cage part is exposed into mounting hole；Part casting concrete to exposing to mounting hole；Installed between two neighboring top horizontal steel anchor beam and link girder steel；Tread structure is installed in top horizontal steel anchor beam and the top for linking girder steel, the plane where tread structure is set to perpendicular to vertical guide；The surface layer plate of passway for escaping is laid on tread structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of building construction, a kind of precipice passway for escaping structure and its construction method are referred in particular to.
Background technology
With economic fast development, pit is discarded in recent years and is on the increase, for green energy conservation, set up intensive society
Purpose, for the exploitation of the existing dell resource in city or outskirts of a town, has caused increasing attention；Some structures are answered
Build and gradually increase in miscellaneous, densely populated place pit, and the development of fire-fighting emergent rescue outfit ability and such building is tight at present
Weight is unbalance, and its fire evacuating personnel and rescue are difficult, and complementary escape device turns into the useful supplement of emergency management and rescue mode, because
This pit precipice passway for escaping is particularly important.
Generally, pit or massif precipice set passway for escaping, and Many times use timber structure, and timber structure is special due to material
Property, use time is limited, and maintenance is inconvenient.In recent years, also have and set escape logical in pit or massif precipice using steel construction
Road, using steel construction needs solution complex geologic conditions, the discrepancy in elevation is big, the gradient is steep, it is irregular to move towards, precipice pore-forming difficult, install
The technical barriers such as the difficult points such as difficulty is big, maintenance inconvenience, restoration of the ecosystem difficulty.Except dell precipice need to be overcome irregular in work progress
It need to also mould, educate in the domatic landscape, landform of carrying out of escape passageway perimeter outside the various problems of overhanging steel structure passway for escaping construction
Seeds grass, improves scar vegetation, realizes precipice ecological environment reparation, difficulty of construction is big.
Therefore, the installation of how convenient, fast, the economic such passway for escaping of solution, as there is to be solved, perfect ask
Topic.
The content of the invention
In view of above mentioned problem, the invention provides a kind of construction method of precipice passway for escaping, including：
According to the structure type of passway for escaping to be onstructed, passway for escaping to be onstructed is divided into multiple steel anchor beam structures
It is spliced, the steel anchor beam structure includes top horizontal steel anchor beam, the bottom being arranged at below the top horizontal steel anchor beam
Horizontal steel anchor beam and the raker beam being supported between the top horizontal steel anchor beam and the bottom level steel anchor beam；
The top horizontal steel anchor beam and the bottom water of each steel anchor beam structure are determined on precipice massif
The installation site of flat steel anchor beam；
According to the top horizontal steel anchor beam and the bottom level steel anchor of each steel anchor beam structure of determination
The installation site of beam drills on precipice massif and forms corresponding mounting hole；
By the top horizontal steel anchor beam of each steel anchor beam structure and bottom level steel anchor beam insertion pair
In the mounting hole answered；
Installed between the top horizontal steel anchor beam and the bottom level steel anchor beam of each steel anchor beam structure
The raker beam；
Grouting and reinforcing is carried out to each mounting hole, sealing steel reinforcement cage is installed after slip casting in each mounting hole,
Each sealing steel reinforcement cage part is exposed into the mounting hole；
The part casting concrete of the mounting hole is exposed to each sealing steel reinforcement cage；
Installed between the top horizontal steel anchor beam of two adjacent steel anchor beam structures and link girder steel；
In the top horizontal steel anchor beam and each top peace for linking girder steel of each steel anchor beam structure
Tread structure is filled, the plane where the tread structure is set to perpendicular to vertical guide；
The surface layer plate of passway for escaping is laid on the tread structure.
The construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention, by setting steel anchor beam structure on precipice massif, then in steel anchor
Link girder steel between the top horizontal steel anchor beam of girder construction, then in top horizontal steel anchor beam and link the top of girder steel and install
Tread structure, finally lays the surface layer plate of passway for escaping on tread structure, completes the construction of precipice passway for escaping.Construction party
Just, operate simply, without using Large Construction equipment in work progress, solve the problem of field operation face is small, saved and hung
Dress up this.The member batch such as steel anchor beam metaplasia is produced, according to installation requirements, allocates component conveying, and both having reduced component, repeatedly carrying is led
Cause finished product to damage, construction operation is solved again and stacks the problem of place is small.It is shaped steel to make steel anchor beam material therefor, is easy to make,
Material recoverable, it is cost-effective to greatest extent.
Precipice passway for escaping of the present invention construction method further improvement is that, determined on precipice massif each described
After the top horizontal steel anchor beam of steel anchor beam structure and the installation site of the bottom level steel anchor beam, in addition to step
Suddenly：
According to the top horizontal steel anchor beam and the bottom level steel anchor of each steel anchor beam structure of determination
The areas case of the installation site of beam, sets up operation scaffold on precipice massif, is formed in being drilled on the operation scaffold
The mounting hole；The operation scaffold is design of coupler scaffold, and the design of coupler scaffold includes：According to the slope of precipice massif
Multiple vertical rods that face form is supported on supporting surface from bottom to top, vertically lay and be connected to be arranged along the horizontal adjacent
Multiple transverse horizontal bars between two vertical rods, vertically lay and be connected to longitudinally arranged two neighboring institute
The multiple transverse directions for state the vertical equity bar between vertical rod, being connected between the two neighboring bottom of upright rod being arranged along the horizontal are swept
The thin end of the scroll, the multiple longitudinal directions being connected between the longitudinally arranged two neighboring bottom of upright rod, which are swept the floor, bar and to be connected to many
Multiple vertical bridgings between the individual transverse horizontal bar.
Precipice passway for escaping of the present invention construction method further improvement is that：
By the vertical equity bar shunk from the outside to the core per upper level step the bar length of 1~2 transverse horizontal bar away from
From；
The position oblique steel pipe support of increase for being located at the vertical rod on ramp type supporting surface on the operation scaffold adds
Gu；
The position increase earth anchor for being located at stepped portions on the operation scaffold is reinforced, and the earth anchor is planted using steel pipe
Enter precipice massif, the earth anchor and the transverse horizontal bar and the vertical rod are rigidly connected firmly, the earth anchor is implanted into
Water filling cement mortar is reinforced in the hole of precipice massif.
Precipice passway for escaping of the present invention construction method further improvement is that, the length of the top horizontal steel anchor beam
More than the length of the bottom level steel anchor beam, the top horizontal steel anchor beam and the bottom level steel anchor beam are square steel,
The end machining that the square steel is inserted to one end of the mounting hole is tapered.
Precipice passway for escaping of the present invention construction method further improvement is that, insert the peace in each square steel
The four sides welding holdfast of the end in hole is filled, grouting and reinforcing is carried out to the mounting hole, in square steel insertion after injection slurry solidification
The end of the mounting hole forms anchoring section, and the holdfast is embedded in the anchoring section.
Precipice passway for escaping of the present invention construction method further improvement is that, the tread structure includes：
Multiple columns of marking time, be welded at a certain distance it is each it is described link on girder steel, by multiple columns of marking time
The joint face that top surface is collectively forming is perpendicular to vertical guide；
Mark time keel, be arranged at the top surface of multiple columns of marking time；
Handrail keel, are arranged at the side margins away from precipice massif on the keel of marking time.
Present invention also offers a kind of precipice passway for escaping structure, including：
Multiple mounting hole groups on precipice massif, Mei Gesuo are opened according to the structure type of passway for escaping to be onstructed
Stating mounting hole group includes one first mounting hole and one second mounting hole；
With the one-to-one multiple steel anchor beam structures of multiple mounting hole groups, the steel anchor beam structure includes top horizontal
Steel anchor beam, the bottom level steel anchor beam being arranged at below the top horizontal steel anchor beam and it is supported in the top horizontal steel
Raker beam between anchor beam and the bottom level steel anchor beam；One end of the top horizontal steel anchor beam is connected to the raker beam
Top, the other end of the top horizontal steel anchor beam is inserted in the first mounting hole of corresponding mounting hole group；The bottom
One end of horizontal steel anchor beam is connected to the bottom of the raker beam, and the other end of the bottom level steel anchor beam is inserted in corresponding
In second mounting hole of mounting hole group；
Multiple first sealing concrete blocks, are poured at the opening of the first mounting hole of each mounting hole group；
Multiple second sealing concrete blocks, are poured at the opening of the second mounting hole of each mounting hole group；
It is multiple to link girder steel, between the top horizontal steel anchor beam for being connected to the steel anchor beam structure of adjacent two；
Tread structure, is installed on the top horizontal steel anchor beam of each steel anchor beam structure and each described links
The top of girder steel, the plane where the tread structure is perpendicular to vertical guide；
The surface layer plate of passway for escaping, is layed on the tread structure.
The precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention, by setting steel anchor beam structure on precipice massif, then in steel anchor beam knot
Link girder steel between the top horizontal steel anchor beam of structure, then in top horizontal steel anchor beam and link the top of girder steel and install and mark time
Structure, finally lays the surface layer plate of passway for escaping on tread structure, forms precipice passway for escaping.Easy construction, operation is simple,
Without using Large Construction equipment in work progress, the problem of field operation face is small is solved, hoisting cost has been saved.Steel anchor beam
Deng the production of member batch metaplasia, according to installation requirements, component conveying is allocated, both having reduced component and repeatedly having carried causes finished product to damage, again
Solve construction operation and stack the problem of place is small.It is shaped steel to make steel anchor beam material therefor, is easy to make, the recyclable profit of material
With cost-effective to greatest extent.
Precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention further improvement is that, the length of the top horizontal steel anchor beam is more than institute
The length of bottom level steel anchor beam is stated, the top horizontal steel anchor beam and the bottom level steel anchor beam are square steel, the top
The horizontal steel anchor beam in portion inserts the termination and bottom level steel anchor beam insertion described second of one end of first mounting hole
The termination of one end of mounting hole is taper.
Precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention further improvement is that：
First end at opening of the top horizontal steel anchor beam away from first mounting hole is externally formed with
One anchoring section, the four sides of the first end of the top horizontal steel anchor beam is welded with the first holdfast, and first holdfast is embedded in
In first anchoring section；
The outer cover of the second end of the top horizontal steel anchor beam at the opening of first mounting hole is provided with the
One sealing steel reinforcement cage, the first end of the first sealing steel reinforcement cage is embedded in first anchoring section, the first sealing steel
Second end of muscle cage is embedded in the first sealing concrete block；
First end at opening of the bottom level steel anchor beam away from second mounting hole is externally formed with
Two anchoring sections, the four sides of the first end of the bottom level steel anchor beam is welded with the second holdfast, and second holdfast is embedded in
In second anchoring section；
The outer cover of the second end of the bottom level steel anchor beam at the opening of second mounting hole is provided with the
Two sealing steel reinforcement cages, the first end of the second sealing steel reinforcement cage is embedded in second anchoring section, the second sealing steel
Second end of muscle cage is embedded in the second sealing concrete block.
Precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention further improvement is that, the tread structure includes：
Multiple columns of marking time, be welded at a certain distance it is each it is described link on girder steel, by multiple columns of marking time
The joint face that top surface is collectively forming is perpendicular to vertical guide；
Mark time keel, be arranged at the top surface of multiple columns of marking time；
Handrail keel, are arranged at the side margins away from precipice massif on the keel of marking time.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of the steel anchor beam structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the floor map of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the first embodiment schematic diagram of the steel anchor beam structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is second of embodiment schematic diagram of the steel anchor beam structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the top horizontal steel anchor beam of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the diagrammatic cross-section in A-A faces in Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the bottom level steel anchor beam of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the schematic perspective view of the tread structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the close-up schematic view of the tread structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the schematic flow sheet of the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention.
Figure 12~Figure 14 is to install in the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention to link the schematic diagram of girder steel.
Figure 15 is the schematic diagram for operating scaffold in the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Coordinate refering to shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 3, Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.Fig. 2 is this
The schematic perspective view of the steel anchor beam structure of invention precipice passway for escaping structure.Fig. 3 is the flat of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention
Face schematic diagram.The precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention, including：
Multiple mounting hole groups on precipice massif 90 are opened according to the structure type of passway for escaping to be onstructed, each
The mounting hole group includes one first mounting hole and one second mounting hole；
With the one-to-one multiple steel anchor beam structures of multiple mounting hole groups, with reference to shown in Fig. 2, steel anchor beam structure 1 is wrapped
Top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 is included, the bottom level steel anchor beam 20 of the lower section of top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 is arranged at and is supported in top
Raker beam 30 between the horizontal steel anchor beam 10 in portion and bottom level steel anchor beam 20；One end of top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 is connected to tiltedly
The top of beam 30 is supportted, the other end of top horizontal steel anchor beam is inserted in the first mounting hole of corresponding mounting hole group；Bottom water
One end of flat steel anchor beam 20 is connected to the bottom of raker beam 30, and the other end of bottom level steel anchor beam 30 is inserted in corresponding installation
In second mounting hole of hole group；
Multiple first sealing concrete blocks 410, are poured at the opening of the first mounting hole of each mounting hole group, can
To strengthen the intensity of passway for escaping structure；
Multiple second sealing concrete blocks 420, are poured at the opening of the second mounting hole of each mounting hole group, can
To strengthen the intensity of passway for escaping structure；
It is multiple to link girder steel 50, between the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 for being connected to two adjacent steel anchor beam structures 1；
Tread structure 60, is installed on the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 of each steel anchor beam structure 1 and each links girder steel 50
Top, the plane where tread structure 60 is perpendicular to vertical guide；
The surface layer plate 70 of passway for escaping, with reference to shown in Fig. 3, surface layer plate 70 is layed on tread structure 60.
The precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention, by setting steel anchor beam structure on precipice massif, then in steel anchor beam knot
Link girder steel between the top horizontal steel anchor beam of structure, then in top horizontal steel anchor beam and link the top of girder steel and install and mark time
Structure, finally lays the surface layer plate of passway for escaping on tread structure, forms precipice passway for escaping.Easy construction, operation is simple,
Without using Large Construction equipment in work progress, the problem of field operation face is small is solved, hoisting cost has been saved.Steel anchor beam
Deng the production of member batch metaplasia, according to installation requirements, component conveying is allocated, both having reduced component and repeatedly having carried causes finished product to damage, again
Solve construction operation and stack the problem of place is small.It is shaped steel to make steel anchor beam material therefor, is easy to make, the recyclable profit of material
With cost-effective to greatest extent.
Specifically, with reference to shown in Fig. 2, the length of top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 is more than the length of bottom level steel anchor beam 20,
Top horizontal steel anchor beam 10, bottom level steel anchor beam 20 and raker beam 30 are square steel, the insertion of top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 the
The termination of one end that the termination of one end of one mounting hole and bottom level steel anchor beam 20 insert second mounting hole is cone
Shape.The top of raker beam 30 is handled using corner cut, and the top of raker beam 30 and top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 are complete by bevel
The mode of weldering penetration is welded, and is welded with stiffened steel plates between raker beam 30 and top horizontal steel anchor beam 10.Preferably, refer to
Shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the first embodiment schematic diagram of the steel anchor beam structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.In the implementation
In example, top horizontal steel anchor beam 10, which includes inserting the interpolation section 101 in first mounting hole and exposes to described first, to be installed
The revealed section 102 in hole.It is highly preferred that as shown in fig.5, Fig. 5 is the steel anchor beam structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention
Second of embodiment schematic diagram.In this embodiment, one is entered between top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and bottom level steel anchor beam 20
Step is provided with by-level steel anchor beam 810, and by-level steel anchor beam 810 passes through middle raker beam 820 and top horizontal steel anchor beam 10
It is connected, the intensity of steel anchor beam structure 1 can be strengthened.
Further, refering to shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, Fig. 6 is the top horizontal steel anchor beam of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention
Diagrammatic cross-section.Fig. 7 is the diagrammatic cross-section in A-A faces in Fig. 6.Top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 is away from the first mounting hole 910
First end at opening is externally formed with the first anchoring section 110, the four sides weldering of the first end of top horizontal steel anchor beam 10
The first holdfast 120 is connected to, the first holdfast 110 is embedded in the first anchoring section 110；Top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 is installed close to first
The outer cover of the second end at the opening in hole 910 is provided with the first sealing steel reinforcement cage 130, the first of the first sealing steel reinforcement cage 130
End is embedded in the first anchoring section 110, and the second end of the first sealing steel reinforcement cage 130 is embedded in the first sealing concrete block 410.
The intensity of steel anchor beam structure 1 can so be strengthened, play a part of improving bearing capacity.
As shown in fig.8, Fig. 8 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the bottom level steel anchor beam of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
First end at opening of the bottom level steel anchor beam 20 away from the second mounting hole 920 is externally formed with the second anchoring section 210,
The four sides of the first end of bottom level steel anchor beam 20 is welded with the second holdfast 220, and the second holdfast 220 is embedded in the second anchoring section
In 210；The outer cover of the second end of the bottom level steel anchor beam 20 at the opening of the second mounting hole 920 is provided with the second sealing
Steel reinforcement cage 230, the first end of the second sealing steel reinforcement cage 230 is embedded in the second anchoring section 210, the second sealing steel reinforcement cage 230
Second end is embedded in the second sealing concrete block 420.The intensity of steel anchor beam structure 1 can so be strengthened, raising carrying is played
The effect of power.
Further, refering to shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 10, Fig. 9 is the vertical of the tread structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention
Body schematic diagram.Figure 10 is the close-up schematic view of the tread structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.Tread structure 60 is wrapped
Include：
Multiple columns 610 of marking time, be welded at a certain distance it is each link on girder steel 50, by multiple columns 610 of marking time
The joint face that top surface is collectively forming is perpendicular to vertical guide；
Mark time keel 620, be arranged at the top surface of multiple columns 610 of marking time；
Handrail keel, are arranged at the side margins away from precipice massif 90 on keel 620 of marking time.
As shown in Figure 9,60 points of tread structure is Q1, Q2, and tri- passage areas of Q3 are to choose to make during due to drilling
What the point position that structure stress is optimized was drilled, therefore, the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and bottom level steel of steel anchor beam structure 1
Anchor beam 20 is not necessarily all on sustained height when mounted, now, it is necessary to pass through the height of each column 610 of marking time of regulation
Degree, the keel 620 of marking time in each passage area are carried out it is levelling, to ensure the keel 620 of marking time in each passage area
Top surface is each perpendicular to vertical guide, and then ensures the glacing flatness of the surface layer plate 70 of the passway for escaping after installation.
Coordinate referring to shown in Figure 11, Figure 11 is the schematic flow sheet of the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention.In order to
Realize the precipice passway for escaping structure of the invention described above, the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention, including：
Step S101：With reference to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, according to the structure type of passway for escaping to be onstructed, to be onstructed is escaped
Raw passage is divided into multiple steel anchor beam structures 1 and is spliced, and steel anchor beam structure 1 includes top horizontal steel anchor beam 10, is arranged at top
The bottom level steel anchor beam 20 of the lower section of the horizontal steel anchor beam in portion 10 and it is supported in top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and bottom level steel anchor
Raker beam 30 between beam 20；
Step S102：Top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and the bottom of each steel anchor beam structure 1 are determined on precipice massif 90
The installation site of horizontal steel anchor beam 20；
Step S103：According to the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and bottom level steel anchor of each steel anchor beam structure 1 of determination
The installation site of beam 20 drills on precipice massif 90 forms corresponding mounting hole formation mounting hole group, and each mounting hole group includes
First mounting hole 910 and the second mounting hole 920；
Step S104：The top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and bottom level steel anchor beam 20 of each steel anchor beam structure 1 are inserted
In the corresponding mounting hole 920 of first mounting hole 910 and second；
Step S105：With reference to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and bottom water of each steel anchor beam structure 1
Raker beam 30 is installed between flat steel anchor beam 20；
Step S106：With reference to shown in Fig. 6~Fig. 8, grouting and reinforcing is carried out to each mounting hole, in each institute after slip casting
State and sealing steel reinforcement cage is installed in mounting hole, each sealing steel reinforcement cage part is exposed into the mounting hole, i.e., in the first peace
Fill and the first sealing steel reinforcement cage 130 is installed in hole 910, the first sealing steel reinforcement cage 130 part is exposed into the first mounting hole 910,
Second is installed in second mounting hole 920 and seals steel reinforcement cage 230, and the second sealing steel reinforcement cage 230 part is exposed into the second mounting hole
920；
Step S107：With reference to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the part of the mounting hole is exposed to each sealing steel reinforcement cage
Casting concrete, the part for making the first sealing steel reinforcement cage 130 expose to the first mounting hole 910 forms first and seals concrete block
410, the part that the second sealing steel reinforcement cage 230 exposes to the second mounting hole 920 forms the second sealing concrete block 420；
Step S108：Refering to shown in Figure 12~Figure 14, Figure 12~Figure 14 is the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention
Installation link the schematic diagram of girder steel.Install and link between the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 of two adjacent steel anchor beam structures 1
Girder steel 50；
Step S109：With reference to shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 9, in the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 of each steel anchor beam structure 1 and each
Tread structure 60 is installed at the top for linking girder steel 50, and the plane where tread structure 60 is set to perpendicular to vertical guide；
Step S110：With reference to shown in Fig. 3, the surface layer plate 70 of passway for escaping is laid on tread structure 60.
The construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention, by setting steel anchor beam structure on precipice massif, then in steel anchor
Link girder steel between the top horizontal steel anchor beam of girder construction, then in top horizontal steel anchor beam and link the top of girder steel and install
Tread structure, finally lays the surface layer plate of passway for escaping on tread structure, completes the construction of precipice passway for escaping.Construction party
Just, operate simply, without using Large Construction equipment in work progress, solve the problem of field operation face is small, saved and hung
Dress up this.The member batch such as steel anchor beam metaplasia is produced, according to installation requirements, allocates component conveying, and both having reduced component, repeatedly carrying is led
Cause finished product to damage, construction operation is solved again and stacks the problem of place is small.It is shaped steel to make steel anchor beam material therefor, is easy to make,
Material recoverable, it is cost-effective to greatest extent.
Wherein, refering to shown in Figure 15, Figure 15 is the operation scaffold in the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention
Schematic diagram.Step S102 determines the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and bottom water of each steel anchor beam structure 1 on precipice massif 90
After the installation site of flat steel anchor beam 20, in addition to step：
According to the installation of the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and bottom level steel anchor beam 20 of each steel anchor beam structure 1 of determination
The areas case of position, sets up operation scaffold 930 on precipice massif 90, forms described in drilling on operation scaffold 930
Mounting hole；Operation scaffold 930 is design of coupler scaffold, and the design of coupler scaffold includes：According to the domatic of precipice massif 90
Multiple vertical rods 931 that form 940 is supported on supporting surface from bottom to top, vertically lay and be connected to what is be arranged along the horizontal
Multiple transverse horizontal bars 932 between two neighboring vertical rod 931, vertically lay and be connected to longitudinally arranged adjacent
Vertical equity bar between two vertical rods 931, the multiple horizontal strokes being connected between the bottom of two neighboring vertical rod 931 being arranged along the horizontal
Sweep the floor and bar and be connected to bar of sweeping the floor, the multiple longitudinal directions being connected between the longitudinally arranged bottom of two neighboring vertical rod 931
Multiple vertical bridgings 933 between multiple transverse horizontal bars 932.Preferably, by the vertical equity bar per upper level step
The bar of 1~2 transverse horizontal bar 932 is shunk from the outside to the core over long distances；It is located on operation scaffold 930 on ramp type supporting surface
The position of vertical rod 931 increase oblique steel pipe support and reinforce；Being located at the position of stepped portions on operation scaffold 930 increases earth anchor
Reinforce, it is by the earth anchor using steel pipe implantation precipice massif 90, the earth anchor and transverse horizontal bar 932 and vertical rod 931 is firm
Property be connected firmly, the earth anchor is implanted into water filling cement mortar in the hole of precipice massif 90 reinforces.
Further, with reference to shown in Fig. 2, the length of top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 is more than the length of bottom level steel anchor beam 20
Degree, top horizontal steel anchor beam 10, bottom level steel anchor beam 20 and raker beam 30 are square steel, and the square steel is inserted into the peace
The end machining for filling the one end in hole is tapered.Preferably, the four sides weldering of the end of the mounting hole is inserted in each square steel
Holdfast is connect, grouting and reinforcing is carried out to the mounting hole, the end shape of the mounting hole is inserted after injection slurry solidification in the square steel
Into anchoring section, the holdfast is embedded in the anchoring section.I.e. as shown in Figure 6 to 8, top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 is away from
First end at the opening of one mounting hole 910 is externally formed with the first anchoring section 110, the first of top horizontal steel anchor beam 10
The four sides of end is welded with the first holdfast 120, and the first holdfast 110 is embedded in the first anchoring section 110；Bottom level steel anchor beam 20
First end at opening away from the second mounting hole 920 is externally formed with the second anchoring section 210, bottom level steel anchor beam 20
The four sides of first end be welded with the second holdfast 220, the second holdfast 220 is embedded in the second anchoring section 210.It can so increase
The intensity of strong steel anchor beam structure 1, plays a part of improving bearing capacity.
Further, with reference to shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 10, tread structure 60 includes：
Multiple columns 610 of marking time, be welded at a certain distance it is each link on girder steel 50, by multiple columns 610 of marking time
The joint face that top surface is collectively forming is perpendicular to vertical guide；
Mark time keel 620, be arranged at the top surface of multiple columns 610 of marking time；
Handrail keel, are arranged at the side margins away from precipice massif 90 on keel 620 of marking time.
As shown in Figure 9,60 points of tread structure is Q1, Q2, and tri- passage areas of Q3 are to choose to make during due to drilling
What the point position that structure stress is optimized was drilled, therefore, the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and bottom level steel of steel anchor beam structure 1
Anchor beam 20 is not necessarily all on sustained height when mounted, now, it is necessary to pass through the height of each column 610 of marking time of regulation
Degree, the keel 620 of marking time in each passage area are carried out it is levelling, to ensure the keel 620 of marking time in each passage area
Top surface is each perpendicular to vertical guide, and then ensures the glacing flatness of the surface layer plate 70 of the passway for escaping after installation.
The precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention and its technological principle of construction method are：
1st, according to construction drawing, after computer simulation setting-out, by the component of steel anchor beam structure in factory's mass system
Make, be transported to behind scene, after lifting, installation after precipice pore-forming.
2nd, precipice pore-forming is carried out using drill hammer, collapse hole, bit freezing region are constructed using casing drilling；Spillage critical regions
Using grouting for braced wall, gap slurry injection technique, effective slip casting is realized.
3rd, operation scaffold frame and dead man are set up by steel anchor beam structure hoisting to hole, after slip casting is closely knit, by top horizontal
Steel anchor beam and bottom level steel anchor beam weld to form channel cage by raker beam, then I-steel is linked girder steel and connected and composed escape
Raw channel base platform, is finally welded in skeleton by the skeleton, panel and handrail of tread structure；And the progress of counter plate, handrail is outer
See decoration.
4th, steel anchor beam structure construction is avoided after anchored frame, irregular extension of successively shuttling, steel anchor beam structure construction, is equipped with
Plastic stone rockery, ridging greening, cultivation shrub and arbor etc., repair domatic environment and ecology.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, precipice passway for escaping structure and its construction method to the present invention carry out detailed Jie
Continue.
1.1 preparation of construction
1) work out mount scheme and operating personnel are told somebody what one's real intentions are.
2) specification, the model for steel anchor beam structure and the associated component of being inspected for acceptance according to design drawing, and will install needed for
Equipment, auxiliary material, water power prepare in place, to have set up installation scaffold.
3) investigated thoroughly whether there is cross-operation on clear, vertical plane by handing-over with other scope of operations of precipice massif；
4) model construction is carried out using identical material and construction technology at the construction field (site), carried out again after confirming through relevant unit
Large area operation.
1.2 domatic cleanings
Set up cleaning operation support body, to pit precipice the weeds of reinforcing side slope exposed region, surface dust, loosen rock
Deng, carry out manual cleaning, finishing, unstable place is cleaned with water；Larger crack is in the milk or jointing processing ensures nothing
Potential safety hazard.
1.3 mounting holes are positioned
1) after using rhinoceros software emulations modeling collection mounting hole three-dimensional coordinate, with total powerstation by the installation of steel anchor beam structure
Hole site survey be located at precipice it is domatic on, marked with red paint, then confirmation is checked with passway for escaping tendency, technical parameter.Such as slope
When face big rise and fall or survey apertured position conflict with former Vierendeel girder, on the premise of slope stability and safety is ensured, mounting hole is adjusted
Position.
2) mounting hole laid is numbered, is used as steel anchor beam structure fabrication and data logging foundation.
1.4 operation scaffold support bodys are set up
1) according to the hole position areas case of the mounting hole of measuring, operation scaffold is set up from bottom to top, is set up operation and is erected
Bar advance, transfer, step pitch should meet drilling, cast anchor and the bearing capacity needed for mortar depositing construction and firm condition.And set along domatic
The vertically and horizontally climbing put along domatic formula is swept the floor bar, and vertical equity bar receives 1~2 bar, vertical rod from the outside to the core per upper level step slope
Landing increases oblique steel pipe support and reinforced at slope, and continuous vertical bridging is set on the outside of support body.
2) stepped portions set steel pipe earth anchor, and the depth of burying is not less than 1m, and circumferential concrete is tamped, earth anchor spacing and support body
Longitudinal pitch is consistent；And be rigidly connected firmly with crosshead vertical rod.Steel pipe using length not less than 1.2m is implanted into massif, with behaviour
Make frame leger to be connected, be implanted into water filling cement mortar in the hole of massif and reinforce.
1.5 pit precipice pore-formings
1) after according to domatic measuring mounting hole site, manually installed fixed rig is entered using the simple dead man set up and cucurbit
Row seat in the plane is adjusted：Mechanical in place level is no more than ± 50mm, and vertical error is no more than ± 100mm, error of tilt position no more than ±
1.0 °, azimuthal error is no more than ± 2.0 °.
2) MD-60A type jumbolter down-the-hole impact rotating pore-formings are used, are easily collapsed in crushing rock formation or soft full water etc.
Hole and bit freezing, the stratum of burying, using sleeve pipe pipe-following drilling technology, it is ensured that hole quality and progress.
3) dry construction is used, it is ensured that the adhesive property of hole wall, can not when being difficult to creep into or crevice water adverse current residue occur
Water drilling or the hole flushing that adds water can be used during blowout aperture.
4) using pressure-air by outside rock dust in hole and the whole cleaning holes of water after the completion of drilling, residue is no more than in hole
Sediment is returned out outside 10cm, hole by manually being cleared up, next procedure can be carried out after approving on inspection.
1.6 steel anchor beam structure fabrications and installation
1) steel anchor beam structure is made using square steel, and specification, model should meet design requirement, and hole depth is carried out before blanking
Measurement, top horizontal steel anchor beam blanking adds revealed section to be defined by hole depth, raker beam segmentation blanking, be divided into hole depth length and with level
Beam connects segment length.
2) every square steel enter one end oxygen welding gas cutting in hole by end machining it is tapered to install when smoothly in feeding hole.
3) measure anchoring depth with steel ruler, holdfast welded on four sides in this region, after the completion of free segment is applied on request
Brush anticorrosive paint.
4) verification mounting hole numbering, the steel anchor beam structure processed is lifted to corresponding hole position region, steel anchor beam structure
Horizontal beam using simple dead man combination hand cucurbit adjust install, during installation aperture segmentation butt welding connection, seam crossing on four sides
Tied up with same specification steel plate and stick weldering welding, beam body should be in same axis during connection.
5) the connection work of horizontal beam and raker beam is carried out after the completion of raker beam slip casting, linkage section does corner cut processing, makes it
Two ends be fitted in completely above and below after two beam exposed faces, using bevel full penetration weldering processing is done, the both sides of junction add steel
Plate ties up patch welding.
1.7 slip casting
Injecting cement paste is set to penetrate into rock crack using slip casing by pressure, in the horizontal beam end formation anchoring of steel anchor beam structure
Section, plays a part of improving bearing capacity.
1) cement uses Portland cement, and the ratio of mud 0.4~0.5 prepares neat slurry, and paste materials add poly- third
Alkene nitrile fiber (PAN), incorporation meets design requirement；Slurry intensity is not less than 40MPa.
2) Grouting Pipe passes through anchor beam center, and head is 50~100mm away from anchor beam bottom, and slurry processes slip casting, slip casting are returned using bottom hole
Pressure 1.0MPa~1.5MPa, blast pipe closes slurry after returning underflow with 1.5MPa pressure, closes slurry time 30min.
1.8 concrete are sealed
1) sealing steel reinforcement cage is installed in place after slip casting, sealing steel reinforcement cage is coiled to form using Φ 8 reinforcing bar, length and around
Muscle spacing should meet design requirement.
2) horizontal beam is placed after mounting hole with raker beam, and sealing steel reinforcement cage is delivered in hole through steel anchor beam structure and is no less than
500mm, it is exposed to be no less than 300mm.
3) after horizontal beam is completed and is connected with raker beam slip casting, coagulation is poured to the exposed parts formwork for sealing steel reinforcement cage
Soil.
1.9 linking beams are installed
Made using I-steel and link girder steel, the distance between every group of steel anchor beam structure of each section is surveyed before blanking
Amount, each corresponding section position is transported to by lower good material.Mark is carried out in steel anchor beam structure, I-steel is linked into steel
Beam is placed in after mark and is welded to connect.
1.10 brushing antirust paint
Steel anchor beam structure and link that girder steel is assembled, welding is completed, after welding position is surface-treated, it is overall apply priming and
Spray paint.
1.11 are marked time, handrail is installed, decoration
1) tread structure uses square steel tube processing and fabricating, and point mark time column, primary and secondary are marked time keel；By column at a certain distance
It is welded in and links girder steel, then primary and secondary keel of marking time are welded in and marked time on column, forms the skeleton part of tread structure, column of marking time
And the mark time spacing of keel of primary and secondary meets design requirement, finally main dragon marks time on keel laying galvanized steel plain sheet as passway for escaping
Surface layer plate.
2) angle steel is laterally used Bolted angle connection, adopted at a certain distance with keel welding of marking time as handrail keel framework
Parcel is carried out to surface layer with wire netting plus modeling stone cement and looks for type, detailed treatment, configuration pigment colours to handrail, railing, does old, shape
Into of an antique style bark grain effect.
1.12 plastic stone rockery landscape ornamental
1. according to the shaped position of side slope, fluctuations near passway for escaping, by moulding stone skeleton moulding, skeleton steel wire
Parcel, surface layer plastic-spraying, surface texture look for type, modification, detailed treatment, the technologies such as pigment, modeling stone coloring are configured, in sash beam
Make plastic stone rockery Landscape construction, the decoration of nature bumps change.
1.13 ridgings, landscape planting
Planting soil is transported to domatic surface layer and plastic stone rockery Nei Shu ponds, heap is built banket after, transplanting with it is ecological adaptable low
Short filling, arbor, the plants such as rattan, grass are climbed, realize the Afforestation Landscape near passway for escaping and restoration of the ecosystem.
1.14 cleanings and final acceptance of construction
Before shelf is removed, checked comprehensively, to weld seam, antirust paint, the place for moulding stone cosmetic damage, in time repairing；Treat
Frame can be fallen after inspecting for acceptance.Pay special attention to safety when tearing frame open and to the finished product protection of component, must not throw about, it is to avoid smash structure
Part.
Described above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not does any formal limitation to the present invention, though
So the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but is not limited to the present invention, any to be familiar with this professional technology people
Member, in the range of technical solution of the present invention is not departed from, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make a little change or repair
The equivalent embodiment for equivalent variations is adornd, as long as being the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, the technology according to the present invention is real
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that confrontation above example is made, still fall within the scope of technical solution of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of precipice passway for escaping structure, it is characterised in that including：
Multiple mounting hole groups on precipice massif are opened according to the structure type of passway for escaping to be onstructed, each peace
Filling hole group includes one first mounting hole and one second mounting hole；
With the one-to-one multiple steel anchor beam structures of multiple mounting hole groups, the steel anchor beam structure includes top horizontal steel anchor
Beam, the bottom level steel anchor beam being arranged at below the top horizontal steel anchor beam and it is supported in the top horizontal steel anchor beam
With the raker beam between the bottom level steel anchor beam；One end of the top horizontal steel anchor beam is connected to the top of the raker beam
End, the other end of the top horizontal steel anchor beam is inserted in the first mounting hole of corresponding mounting hole group；The bottom level
One end of steel anchor beam is connected to the bottom of the raker beam, and the other end of the bottom level steel anchor beam is inserted in corresponding installation
In second mounting hole of hole group；
Multiple first sealing concrete blocks, are poured at the opening of the first mounting hole of each mounting hole group；
Multiple second sealing concrete blocks, are poured at the opening of the second mounting hole of each mounting hole group；
It is multiple to link girder steel, between the top horizontal steel anchor beam for being connected to the steel anchor beam structure of adjacent two；
Tread structure, is installed on the top horizontal steel anchor beam of each steel anchor beam structure and each described links girder steel
Top, the plane where the tread structure is perpendicular to vertical guide；
The surface layer plate of passway for escaping, is layed on the tread structure.
2. precipice passway for escaping structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the length of the top horizontal steel anchor beam is big
In the length of the bottom level steel anchor beam, the top horizontal steel anchor beam and the bottom level steel anchor beam are square steel, institute
Termination and the bottom level steel anchor beam insertion for stating one end of top horizontal steel anchor beam insertion first mounting hole are described
The termination of one end of the second mounting hole is taper.
3. precipice passway for escaping structure as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：
First end at opening of the top horizontal steel anchor beam away from first mounting hole is externally formed with the first anchor
Gu section, the four sides of the first end of the top horizontal steel anchor beam is welded with the first holdfast, first holdfast is embedded in described
In first anchoring section；
The outer cover of the second end of the top horizontal steel anchor beam at the opening of first mounting hole is provided with the first envelope
Mouth steel reinforcement cage, the first end of the first sealing steel reinforcement cage is embedded in first anchoring section, the first sealing steel reinforcement cage
The second end be embedded in it is described first sealing concrete block in；
First end at opening of the bottom level steel anchor beam away from second mounting hole is externally formed with the second anchor
Gu section, the four sides of the first end of the bottom level steel anchor beam is welded with the second holdfast, second holdfast is embedded in described
In second anchoring section；
The outer cover of the second end of the bottom level steel anchor beam at the opening of second mounting hole is provided with the second envelope
Mouth steel reinforcement cage, the first end of the second sealing steel reinforcement cage is embedded in second anchoring section, the second sealing steel reinforcement cage
The second end be embedded in it is described second sealing concrete block in.
4. precipice passway for escaping structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the tread structure includes：
Multiple columns of marking time, be welded at a certain distance it is each it is described link on girder steel, by the top surface of multiple columns of marking time
The joint face being collectively forming is perpendicular to vertical guide；
Mark time keel, be arranged at the top surface of multiple columns of marking time；
Handrail keel, are arranged at the side margins away from precipice massif on the keel of marking time.
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| CN102733606B (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2015-09-30 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | The construction method of High Large Cantilever structure |
| CN102409613B (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2013-10-16 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Construction method for installing steel beam of plank road built along mountain and near river |
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