CN105626138A - Precipice escape way structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Precipice escape way structure and construction method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105626138A
CN105626138A CN201511029725.4A CN201511029725A CN105626138A CN 105626138 A CN105626138 A CN 105626138A CN 201511029725 A CN201511029725 A CN 201511029725A CN 105626138 A CN105626138 A CN 105626138A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
anchor beam
steel anchor
installing hole
precipice
steel
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CN201511029725.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN105626138B (en
Inventor
孙晓阳
陈斌
张晓勇
颜卫东
李赟
支霄翔
杨峰
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China Construction Eighth Engineering Division Co Ltd
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China Construction Eighth Engineering Division Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201511029725.4A priority Critical patent/CN105626138B/en
Publication of CN105626138A publication Critical patent/CN105626138A/en
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Publication of CN105626138B publication Critical patent/CN105626138B/en
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F11/00Rescue devices or other safety devices, e.g. safety chambers or escape ways
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01DCONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D21/00Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges

Abstract

The invention discloses a precipice escape way structure and a construction method thereof. The method comprises the steps of dividing an escape way to be constructed into a plurality of steel anchor beam structures which can be jointed to form the escape way, wherein each steel anchor structure comprises a top horizontal steel anchor beam, a bottom horizontal steel anchor beam and a diagonal bracing beam; determining the mounting positions of each top horizontal steel anchor beam and each bottom horizontal steel anchor beam on a precipice mountain body; drilling holes in the precipice maintain body to form corresponding mounting holes; inserting the top horizontal steel anchor beams and the bottom horizontal steel anchor beams into the corresponding mounting holes; mounting the diagonal bracing beams; grouting to reinforce the mounting holes; after grouting, mounting a seal steel reinforcement cage in each mounting hole, wherein a part of each seal steel reinforcement cage is exposed outside the corresponding mounting hole; pouring concrete to the exposed parts of the seal steel reinforcement cages; mounting a connecting steel beam between every two adjacent top horizontal steel anchor beams; mounting pedal structures at the top parts of the top horizontal steel anchor beams and the connecting steel beams; setting the plane where each pedal structure is to be vertical to a vertical plane; paving a topping plate of the escape way on the pedal structures.

Description

A kind of precipice passway for escaping structure and construction method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of building construction, refer in particular to a kind of precipice passway for escaping structure and construction method thereof.
Background technology
Along with economic fast development, discarded pit is on the increase in recent years, for green energy conservation, sets up the purpose of intensive society, for the exploitation of the existing dell resource in city or outskirts of a town, has caused increasing attention; Some structures are complicated, building increases gradually in the pit of densely populated place, and the development serious unbalance of current fire-fighting emergent rescue outfit ability and this type of building, its fire evacuating personnel and rescue difficulty, complementary escape device becomes the useful supplement of emergency management and rescue mode, and therefore precipice passway for escaping in pit is particularly important.
Generally, pit or massif precipice arrange passway for escaping, and Many times adopts timber structure, and timber structure, due to material behavior, uses limited time, and maintenance is inconvenient. In recent years, also there is employing steel construction that passway for escaping is set in pit or massif precipice, adopt the technical barriers such as difficult point such as steel construction needs to solve complex geologic conditions, the discrepancy in elevation is big, the gradient is steep, it is irregular to move towards, precipice pore-forming difficulty, installation difficulty is big, maintenance is inconvenient, restoration of the ecosystem is difficult. Also domatic need to carry out view at escape passageway perimeter except need to overcoming the various difficult problems that dell precipice irregular overhanging steel structure passway for escaping constructs in work progress, landform is moulded, educate seeds grass, improving scar vegetation, realize precipice ecological environment reparation, difficulty of construction is big.
Therefore, how convenient, fast, the economic installation solving this type of passway for escaping, become and have to be solved, perfect problem.
Summary of the invention
Because the problems referred to above, the invention provides the construction method of a kind of precipice passway for escaping, including:
Version according to passway for escaping to be onstructed, passway for escaping to be onstructed being divided into multiple steel anchor beam structures to form form, described steel anchor beam structure includes top horizontal steel anchor beam, is arranged at the bottom level steel anchor beam below described top horizontal steel anchor beam and is supported in the raker beam between described top horizontal steel anchor beam and described bottom level steel anchor beam;
Precipice massif is determined the described top horizontal steel anchor beam of each described steel anchor beam structure and the installation site of described bottom level steel anchor beam;
Described top horizontal steel anchor beam and the installation site of described bottom level steel anchor beam according to each described steel anchor beam structure determined are holed on precipice massif and are formed corresponding installing hole;
The described top horizontal steel anchor beam of each described steel anchor beam structure and described bottom level steel anchor beam are inserted in corresponding described installing hole;
Between the described top horizontal steel anchor beam and described bottom level steel anchor beam of each described steel anchor beam structure, described raker beam is installed;
Each described installing hole is carried out grouting and reinforcing, sealing steel reinforcement cage is installed after slip casting in each described installing hole, each described sealing steel reinforcement cage part is exposed to described installing hole;
Each described sealing steel reinforcement cage is exposed to the part casting concrete of described installing hole;
Install between the described top horizontal steel anchor beam of two adjacent described steel anchor beam structures and link girder steel;
Each described steel anchor beam structure described top horizontal steel anchor beam and each described in link girder steel top install tread structure, be set to be perpendicular to vertical guide by the plane at described tread structure place;
Described tread structure is laid the surface layer plate of passway for escaping.
The construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention, by arranging steel anchor beam structure on precipice massif, girder steel is linked again between the top horizontal steel anchor beam of steel anchor beam structure, again at top horizontal steel anchor beam and the top installation tread structure linking girder steel, the last surface layer plate laying passway for escaping on tread structure, completes the construction of precipice passway for escaping. Easy construction, operates simple and easy, without using Large Construction facility in work progress, solves the problem that field operation face is little, has saved hoisting cost. The member batchization such as steel anchor beam produces, and according to installation requirements, allocates component conveying, had both reduced component and has repeatedly carried and cause that finished product damages, and had solved again the problem that construction operation stacking place is little. Making steel anchor beam material therefor is shaped steel, it is simple to makes, material recoverable, saves cost to greatest extent.
Further improvement is that of the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention, after determining the described top horizontal steel anchor beam of each described steel anchor beam structure and the installation site of described bottom level steel anchor beam, further comprises the steps of: on precipice massif
Described top horizontal steel anchor beam according to each described steel anchor beam structure determined and the areas case of the installation site of described bottom level steel anchor beam, set up operation scaffold on precipice massif, and on described operation scaffold, boring forms described installing hole, described operation scaffold is design of coupler scaffold, described design of coupler scaffold includes: be supported in the multiple vertical rods on supporting surface from bottom to top according to the domatic form of precipice massif, vertically lay and be connected to the multiple transverse horizontal bars between adjacent two the described vertical rods transversely arranged, vertically lay and be connected to the vertical equity bar between longitudinally arranged adjacent two described vertical rods, the multiple transverse directions being connected between adjacent two the described bottom of upright rods transversely arranged are swept the floor bar, the multiple longitudinal directions being connected between longitudinally arranged adjacent two described bottom of upright rods are swept the floor bar, and it is connected to the multiple vertical bridging between multiple described transverse horizontal bar.
Further improvement is that of the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention:
By described vertical equity bar every upper level step from the bar distance shrinking 1��2 described transverse horizontal bar outside to inside;
The position of the described vertical rod being positioned on ramp type supporting surface on described operation scaffold increases oblique steel pipe support and reinforces;
The position being positioned at stepped portions on described operation scaffold increases earth anchor reinforcing, steel pipe is adopted to implant precipice massif described earth anchor, described earth anchor is rigidly connected firmly with described transverse horizontal bar and described vertical rod, described earth anchor is implanted cementing mortar in the hole of precipice massif and reinforces.
Further improvement is that of the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention, the length of described top horizontal steel anchor beam is more than the length of described bottom level steel anchor beam, described top horizontal steel anchor beam and described bottom level steel anchor beam are square steel, and the end machining of one end that described square steel is inserted described installing hole is tapered.
Further improvement is that of the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention, the four sides welding holdfast of the end of described installing hole is inserted at each described square steel, described installing hole is carried out grouting and reinforcing, insert the end formation anchoring section of described installing hole after injection slurry solidification at described square steel, described holdfast is embedded in described anchoring section.
Further improvement is that of the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention, described tread structure includes:
Multiple columns of marking time, be welded at a certain distance each described in link on girder steel, the end face of column of marking time described in multiple the joint face being collectively forming is perpendicular to vertical guide;
Mark time Os Draconis, be arranged at multiple described in mark time the end face of column;
Handrail Os Draconis, away from the side margins of precipice massif on Os Draconis of marking time described in being arranged at.
Present invention also offers a kind of precipice passway for escaping structure, including:
Version according to passway for escaping to be onstructed and be opened in the multiple installing hole groups on precipice massif, each described installing hole group includes one first installing hole and one second installing hole;
With multiple described installing hole groups multiple steel anchor beam structures one to one, described steel anchor beam structure includes top horizontal steel anchor beam, is arranged at the bottom level steel anchor beam below described top horizontal steel anchor beam and is supported in the raker beam between described top horizontal steel anchor beam and described bottom level steel anchor beam; One end of described top horizontal steel anchor beam is connected to the top of described raker beam, and the other end of described top horizontal steel anchor beam is inserted in the first installing hole of the installing hole group of correspondence; One end of described bottom level steel anchor beam is connected to the bottom of described raker beam, and the other end of described bottom level steel anchor beam is inserted in the second installing hole of the installing hole group of correspondence;
Multiple first sealing concrete blocks, build the opening part of the first installing hole in each described installing hole group;
Multiple second sealing concrete blocks, build the opening part of the second installing hole in each described installing hole group;
Multiple link girder steel, be connected between the described top horizontal steel anchor beam of adjacent two described steel anchor beam structure;
Tread structure, be installed on each described steel anchor beam structure described top horizontal steel anchor beam and each described in link the top of girder steel, the plane at described tread structure place is perpendicular to vertical guide;
The surface layer plate of passway for escaping, is layed on described tread structure.
The precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention, by arranging steel anchor beam structure on precipice massif, girder steel is linked again between the top horizontal steel anchor beam of steel anchor beam structure, again at top horizontal steel anchor beam and the top installation tread structure linking girder steel, the last surface layer plate laying passway for escaping on tread structure, forms precipice passway for escaping. Easy construction, operates simple and easy, without using Large Construction facility in work progress, solves the problem that field operation face is little, has saved hoisting cost. The member batchization such as steel anchor beam produces, and according to installation requirements, allocates component conveying, had both reduced component and has repeatedly carried and cause that finished product damages, and had solved again the problem that construction operation stacking place is little. Making steel anchor beam material therefor is shaped steel, it is simple to makes, material recoverable, saves cost to greatest extent.
Further improvement is that of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention, the length of described top horizontal steel anchor beam is more than the length of described bottom level steel anchor beam, described top horizontal steel anchor beam and described bottom level steel anchor beam are square steel, and described top horizontal steel anchor beam inserts the termination of the termination of one end of described first installing hole and one end of described bottom level steel anchor beam described second installing hole of insertion and is taper.
Further improvement is that of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention:
Described top horizontal steel anchor beam away from the opening part of described first installing hole first end be externally formed with the first anchoring section, the four sides of the first end of described top horizontal steel anchor beam is welded with the first holdfast, and described first holdfast is embedded in described first anchoring section;
Described top horizontal steel anchor beam is provided with the first sealing steel reinforcement cage near the outer cover of the second end of the opening part of described first installing hole, first end of described first sealing steel reinforcement cage is embedded in described first anchoring section, and the second end of described first sealing steel reinforcement cage is embedded in described first sealing concrete block;
Described bottom level steel anchor beam away from the opening part of described second installing hole first end be externally formed with the second anchoring section, the four sides of the first end of described bottom level steel anchor beam is welded with the second holdfast, and described second holdfast is embedded in described second anchoring section;
Described bottom level steel anchor beam is provided with the second sealing steel reinforcement cage near the outer cover of the second end of the opening part of described second installing hole, first end of described second sealing steel reinforcement cage is embedded in described second anchoring section, and the second end of described second sealing steel reinforcement cage is embedded in described second sealing concrete block.
Further improvement is that of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention, described tread structure includes:
Multiple columns of marking time, be welded at a certain distance each described in link on girder steel, the end face of column of marking time described in multiple the joint face being collectively forming is perpendicular to vertical guide;
Mark time Os Draconis, be arranged at multiple described in mark time the end face of column;
Handrail Os Draconis, away from the side margins of precipice massif on Os Draconis of marking time described in being arranged at.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of the steel anchor beam structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the floor map of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the first embodiment schematic diagram of the steel anchor beam structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the second embodiment schematic diagram of the steel anchor beam structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the generalized section of the top horizontal steel anchor beam of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the generalized section in A-A face in Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the generalized section of the bottom level steel anchor beam of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the schematic perspective view of the tread structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the close-up schematic view of the tread structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the schematic flow sheet of the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention.
Figure 12��Figure 14 be precipice passway for escaping of the present invention construction method in install and link the schematic diagram of girder steel.
Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of the operation scaffold in the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated. Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Coordinating consults shown in Fig. 1��Fig. 3, and Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention. Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of the steel anchor beam structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention. Fig. 3 is the floor map of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention. The precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention, including:
Version according to passway for escaping to be onstructed and be opened in the multiple installing hole groups on precipice massif 90, each described installing hole group includes one first installing hole and one second installing hole;
With multiple described installing hole groups multiple steel anchor beam structures one to one, shown in Fig. 2, steel anchor beam structure 1 includes top horizontal steel anchor beam 10, is arranged at the bottom level steel anchor beam 20 below top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and is supported in the raker beam 30 between top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and bottom level steel anchor beam 20; One end of top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 is connected to the top of raker beam 30, and the other end of top horizontal steel anchor beam is inserted in the first installing hole of the installing hole group of correspondence; One end of bottom level steel anchor beam 20 is connected to the bottom of raker beam 30, and the other end of bottom level steel anchor beam 30 is inserted in the second installing hole of the installing hole group of correspondence;
Multiple first sealing concrete blocks 410, build the opening part of the first installing hole in each described installing hole group, it is possible to strengthen the intensity of passway for escaping structure;
Multiple second sealing concrete blocks 420, build the opening part of the second installing hole in each described installing hole group, it is possible to strengthen the intensity of passway for escaping structure;
Multiple link girder steel 50, be connected between the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 of adjacent two steel anchor beam structure 1;
Tread structure 60, is installed on the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 of each steel anchor beam structure 1 and each top linking girder steel 50, and the plane at tread structure 60 place is perpendicular to vertical guide;
The surface layer plate 70 of passway for escaping, shown in Fig. 3, surface layer plate 70 is layed on tread structure 60.
The precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention, by arranging steel anchor beam structure on precipice massif, girder steel is linked again between the top horizontal steel anchor beam of steel anchor beam structure, again at top horizontal steel anchor beam and the top installation tread structure linking girder steel, the last surface layer plate laying passway for escaping on tread structure, forms precipice passway for escaping. Easy construction, operates simple and easy, without using Large Construction facility in work progress, solves the problem that field operation face is little, has saved hoisting cost. The member batchization such as steel anchor beam produces, and according to installation requirements, allocates component conveying, had both reduced component and has repeatedly carried and cause that finished product damages, and had solved again the problem that construction operation stacking place is little. Making steel anchor beam material therefor is shaped steel, it is simple to makes, material recoverable, saves cost to greatest extent.
Specifically, shown in Fig. 2, the length of top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 is more than the length of bottom level steel anchor beam 20, top horizontal steel anchor beam 10, bottom level steel anchor beam 20 and raker beam 30 are square steel, and the termination of one end that top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 inserts the termination of one end of the first installing hole and bottom level steel anchor beam 20 inserts described second installing hole is taper. The top of raker beam 30 adopts corner cut to process, and the mode that the top of raker beam 30 and top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 weld penetration entirely by bevel is welded, and is welded with stiffened steel plates between raker beam 30 and top horizontal steel anchor beam 10. Preferably, consulting shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the first embodiment schematic diagram of the steel anchor beam structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention. In this embodiment, top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 includes the interpolation section 101 inserting in described first installing hole and the revealed section 102 exposing to described first installing hole. It is highly preferred that consult shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the second embodiment schematic diagram of the steel anchor beam structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention. In this embodiment, by-level steel anchor beam 810 it is further provided with between top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and bottom level steel anchor beam 20, by-level steel anchor beam 810 is connected with top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 by middle raker beam 820, it is possible to strengthen the intensity of steel anchor beam structure 1.
Further, consulting shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, Fig. 6 is the generalized section of the top horizontal steel anchor beam of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention. Fig. 7 is the generalized section in A-A face in Fig. 6. Top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 away from the opening part of the first installing hole 910 first end be externally formed with the first anchoring section 110, the four sides of the first end of top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 is welded with the first holdfast 120, and the first holdfast 110 is embedded in the first anchoring section 110; Top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 is provided with the first sealing steel reinforcement cage 130 near the outer cover of the second end of the opening part of the first installing hole 910, first end of the first sealing steel reinforcement cage 130 is embedded in the first anchoring section 110, and the second end of the first sealing steel reinforcement cage 130 is embedded in the first sealing concrete block 410. So can strengthen the intensity of steel anchor beam structure 1, play the effect improving bearing capacity.
Consulting shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 8 is the generalized section of the bottom level steel anchor beam of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention. Bottom level steel anchor beam 20 away from the opening part of the second installing hole 920 first end be externally formed with the second anchoring section 210, the four sides of the first end of bottom level steel anchor beam 20 is welded with the second holdfast 220, and the second holdfast 220 is embedded in the second anchoring section 210; Bottom level steel anchor beam 20 is provided with the second sealing steel reinforcement cage 230 near the outer cover of the second end of the opening part of the second installing hole 920, first end of the second sealing steel reinforcement cage 230 is embedded in the second anchoring section 210, and the second end of the second sealing steel reinforcement cage 230 is embedded in the second sealing concrete block 420. So can strengthen the intensity of steel anchor beam structure 1, play the effect improving bearing capacity.
Further, consulting shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 10, Fig. 9 is the schematic perspective view of the tread structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention. Figure 10 is the close-up schematic view of the tread structure of precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention. Tread structure 60 includes:
Multiple columns 610 of marking time, are welded at a certain distance and each link on girder steel 50, multiple end faces marking time column 610 joint face being collectively forming is perpendicular to vertical guide;
Mark time Os Draconis 620, be arranged at the end face of multiple column 610 of marking time;
Handrail Os Draconis, are arranged on Os Draconis 620 of marking time the side margins away from precipice massif 90.
As shown in Figure 9, tread structure 60 is divided into Q1, Q2, tri-passage area of Q3, choosing during due to boring to make structure stress optimized some position hole, therefore, the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 of steel anchor beam structure 1 and bottom level steel anchor beam 20 are not necessarily all on sustained height when mounted, now, it is accomplished by the height by regulating each column 610 of marking time, Os Draconis 620 of marking time in each passage area are carried out levelling, end face to ensure the Os Draconis 620 of marking time in each passage area is each perpendicular to vertical guide, and then the glacing flatness of the surface layer plate 70 of the passway for escaping after guarantee installation.
Coordinating referring to shown in Figure 11, Figure 11 is the schematic flow sheet of the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention. In order to realize the precipice passway for escaping structure of the invention described above, the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention, including:
Step S101: in conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, version according to passway for escaping to be onstructed, passway for escaping to be onstructed being divided into multiple steel anchor beam structure 1 be spliced, steel anchor beam structure 1 includes top horizontal steel anchor beam 10, is arranged at the bottom level steel anchor beam 20 below top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and is supported in the raker beam 30 between top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and bottom level steel anchor beam 20;
Step S102: on precipice massif 90, determine the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 of each steel anchor beam structure 1 and the installation site of bottom level steel anchor beam 20;
Step S103: holing on precipice massif 90 according to the installation site of the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 of each steel anchor beam structure 1 determined and bottom level steel anchor beam 20 and form corresponding installing hole formation installing hole group, each installing hole group includes the first installing hole 910 and the second installing hole 920;
Step S104: the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 of each steel anchor beam structure 1 and bottom level steel anchor beam 20 are inserted in the first installing hole 910 and second installing hole 920 of correspondence;
Step S105: in conjunction with, shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, installing raker beam 30 between the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and bottom level steel anchor beam 20 of each steel anchor beam structure 1;
Step S106: shown in Fig. 6��Fig. 8, each described installing hole is carried out grouting and reinforcing, sealing steel reinforcement cage is installed after slip casting in each described installing hole, each described sealing steel reinforcement cage part is exposed to described installing hole, namely first sealing steel reinforcement cage 130 is installed in the first installing hole 910, seal steel reinforcement cage 130 part by first and expose to the first installing hole 910, the second sealing steel reinforcement cage 230 is installed in the second installing hole 920, seals steel reinforcement cage 230 part by second and expose to the second installing hole 920;
Step S107: in conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, each described sealing steel reinforcement cage is exposed to the part casting concrete of described installing hole, making the part that the first sealing steel reinforcement cage 130 exposes to the first installing hole 910 form the first sealing concrete block 410, the second sealing steel reinforcement cage 230 exposes to the part of the second installing hole 920 and forms the second sealing concrete block 420;
Step S108: consulting shown in Figure 12��Figure 14, Figure 12��Figure 14 is the schematic diagram that the installation of the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention links girder steel. Install between the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 of two adjacent steel anchor beam structures 1 and link girder steel 50;
Step S109: in conjunction with, shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 9, installing tread structure 60 at top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 and each top linking girder steel 50 of each steel anchor beam structure 1, be set to be perpendicular to vertical guide by the plane at tread structure 60 place;
Step S110: shown in Fig. 3, tread structure 60 is laid the surface layer plate 70 of passway for escaping.
The construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention, by arranging steel anchor beam structure on precipice massif, girder steel is linked again between the top horizontal steel anchor beam of steel anchor beam structure, again at top horizontal steel anchor beam and the top installation tread structure linking girder steel, the last surface layer plate laying passway for escaping on tread structure, completes the construction of precipice passway for escaping. Easy construction, operates simple and easy, without using Large Construction facility in work progress, solves the problem that field operation face is little, has saved hoisting cost. The member batchization such as steel anchor beam produces, and according to installation requirements, allocates component conveying, had both reduced component and has repeatedly carried and cause that finished product damages, and had solved again the problem that construction operation stacking place is little. Making steel anchor beam material therefor is shaped steel, it is simple to makes, material recoverable, saves cost to greatest extent.
Wherein, consulting shown in Figure 15, Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of the operation scaffold in the construction method of precipice passway for escaping of the present invention. Step S102 further comprises the steps of: after determining the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 of each steel anchor beam structure 1 and the installation site of bottom level steel anchor beam 20 on precipice massif 90
Top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 according to each steel anchor beam structure 1 determined and the areas case of the installation site of bottom level steel anchor beam 20, set up operation scaffold 930 on precipice massif 90, and on operation scaffold 930, boring forms described installing hole, operation scaffold 930 is design of coupler scaffold, described design of coupler scaffold includes: be supported in the multiple vertical rods 931 on supporting surface from bottom to top according to the domatic form 940 of precipice massif 90, vertically lay and be connected to the multiple transverse horizontal bars 932 between adjacent two vertical rods 931 transversely arranged, vertically lay and be connected to the vertical equity bar between longitudinally arranged adjacent two vertical rods 931, the multiple transverse directions being connected between bottom adjacent two vertical rods 931 transversely arranged are swept the floor bar, the multiple longitudinal directions being connected between bottom longitudinally arranged adjacent two vertical rods 931 are swept the floor bar, and it is connected to the multiple vertical bridging 933 between multiple transverse horizontal bar 932. preferably, by every for described vertical equity bar upper level step from the bar distance shrinking 1��2 transverse horizontal bar 932 outside to inside, the position of the vertical rod 931 being positioned on ramp type supporting surface on operation scaffold 930 increases oblique steel pipe support and reinforces, the position being positioned at stepped portions on operation scaffold 930 increases earth anchor reinforcing, steel pipe is adopted to implant precipice massif 90 described earth anchor, described earth anchor is rigidly connected firmly with transverse horizontal bar 932 and vertical rod 931, described earth anchor is implanted cementing mortar in the hole of precipice massif 90 and reinforces.
Further, shown in Fig. 2, the length of top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 is more than the length of bottom level steel anchor beam 20, and top horizontal steel anchor beam 10, bottom level steel anchor beam 20 and raker beam 30 are square steel, and the end machining of one end that described square steel is inserted described installing hole is tapered. Preferably, the four sides welding holdfast of the end of described installing hole is inserted at each described square steel, described installing hole being carried out grouting and reinforcing, inserts the end formation anchoring section of described installing hole after injection slurry solidification at described square steel, described holdfast is embedded in described anchoring section. Namely as shown in Figure 6 to 8, top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 away from the opening part of the first installing hole 910 first end be externally formed with the first anchoring section 110, the four sides of the first end of top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 is welded with the first holdfast 120, and the first holdfast 110 is embedded in the first anchoring section 110; Bottom level steel anchor beam 20 away from the opening part of the second installing hole 920 first end be externally formed with the second anchoring section 210, the four sides of the first end of bottom level steel anchor beam 20 is welded with the second holdfast 220, and the second holdfast 220 is embedded in the second anchoring section 210. So can strengthen the intensity of steel anchor beam structure 1, play the effect improving bearing capacity.
Further, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 10, tread structure 60 includes:
Multiple columns 610 of marking time, are welded at a certain distance and each link on girder steel 50, multiple end faces marking time column 610 joint face being collectively forming is perpendicular to vertical guide;
Mark time Os Draconis 620, be arranged at the end face of multiple column 610 of marking time;
Handrail Os Draconis, are arranged on Os Draconis 620 of marking time the side margins away from precipice massif 90.
As shown in Figure 9, tread structure 60 is divided into Q1, Q2, tri-passage area of Q3, choosing during due to boring to make structure stress optimized some position hole, therefore, the top horizontal steel anchor beam 10 of steel anchor beam structure 1 and bottom level steel anchor beam 20 are not necessarily all on sustained height when mounted, now, it is accomplished by the height by regulating each column 610 of marking time, Os Draconis 620 of marking time in each passage area are carried out levelling, end face to ensure the Os Draconis 620 of marking time in each passage area is each perpendicular to vertical guide, and then the glacing flatness of the surface layer plate 70 of the passway for escaping after guarantee installation.
The precipice passway for escaping structure of the present invention and the technological principle of construction method thereof be:
1, according to construction drawing, after computer simulation setting-out, the component of steel anchor beam structure is made at factory's mass, after being transported to scene, lifting, installation after precipice pore-forming.
2, adopting drill hammer to carry out precipice pore-forming, collapse hole, bit freezing region adopt casing drilling construction; Spillage critical regions adopts grouting for braced wall, gap slurry injection technique, it is achieved effectively slip casting.
3, operation scaffold frame and dead man are set up by steel anchor beam structure hoisting to hole, after slip casting is closely knit, top horizontal steel anchor beam and bottom level steel anchor beam are formed channel cage by raker beam welding, I-steel is linked girder steel again and connects and composes passway for escaping basic platform, finally the skeleton of tread structure, panel and handrail are welded in skeleton; And counter plate, handrail carry out decorative appearance.
4, steel anchor beam structure construction avoids anchored frame, irregular extension of successively shuttling back and forth, and after steel anchor beam structure construction, is equipped with plastic stone rockery, ridging greening, cultivation shrub and arbor etc., repairs domatic environment and ecology.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, precipice passway for escaping structure and construction method thereof to the present invention are described in detail.
1.1 preparations of construction
1) work out mount scheme and operator are told somebody what one's real intentions are.
2) inspect for acceptance according to design drawing steel anchor beam structure and the specification of associated component, model, and prepare to put in place by the facility needed for installing, adjuvant, water power, set up installation scaffold.
3) through handing-over with other scope of operations of precipice massif, investigated thoroughly clear, with or without cross-operation on vertical;
4) adopt identical material and construction technology to carry out model construction at the construction field (site), after relevant unit confirms, carry out large area operation again.
1.2 domatic cleanings
Set up cleaning operation support body, to the pit precipice weeds of reinforcing side slope exposed region, surface dust, loosening rock etc., carry out labor cleaning, finishing, unstable place is cleaned with water; Is in the milk in bigger crack or jointing processes and guarantees without potential safety hazard.
1.3 installing hole location
1) utilize the modeling of rhinoceros software emulation to gather after installing hole three-dimensional coordinate, with total powerstation the position of mounting hole of steel anchor beam structure surveyed be located at precipice domatic on, use red paint labelling, then check confirmation with passway for escaping tendency, technical parameter. When conflicting with former Vierendeel girder such as domatic big rise and fall or survey apertured position, under the premise guaranteeing slope stability and safety, adjust position of mounting hole.
2) installing hole laid is numbered, as steel anchor beam structure fabrication and data logging foundation.
1.4 operation scaffold support bodys are set up
1) position, the hole areas case according to the installing hole of measuring, sets up operation scaffold from bottom to top, sets up crosshead vertical rod advance, transfer, step pitch should meet boring, cast anchor and bearing capacity needed for mortar depositing construction and firm condition. And sweep the floor bar along the domatic vertically and horizontally climbing arranged along domatic formula, vertical equity bar every upper level step slope is from receiving 1��2 bar outside to inside, and vertical rod is landed when slope, increases oblique steel pipe support and reinforces, and support body arranged outside is vertical bridging continuously.
2) stepped portions arranges steel pipe earth anchor, and the depth of burying is not less than 1m, and circumferential concrete tamps, and earth anchor spacing is consistent with support body longitudinal pitch; And be rigidly connected firmly with crosshead vertical rod. Adopt the steel pipe that length is not less than 1.2m to implant massif, be connected with crosshead leger, implant cementing mortar in the hole of massif and reinforce.
1.5 pit precipice pore-formings
1) according to after domatic measuring mounting hole site, manually installed fixing rig, utilizes the simple and easy dead man set up and calabash to carry out seat in the plane adjustment: mechanical level in place is less than �� 50mm, and vertical error is less than �� 100mm, error of tilt position is less than �� 1.0 ��, and azimuthal error is less than �� 2.0 ��.
2) MD-60A type jumbolter down-the-hole impact rotating pore-forming is adopted, the stratum of easily collapse at crushing rock formation or soft full water etc. hole and bit freezing, burying, adopt sleeve pipe pipe-following drilling technology, it is ensured that hole quality and progress.
3) dry construction is adopted, it is ensured that the adhesive property of hole wall, when being difficult to creep into or occur that crevice water adverse current residue can adopt water drilling or the hole flushing that adds water when cannot blow out aperture.
4) using pressure-air by outside whole to rock dust in hole and water cleaning holes after having holed, in hole, residue is less than 10cm, returns out sediment by manually clearing up outside hole, can carry out next procedure on inspection after accreditation.
1.6 steel anchor beam structure fabrication and installations
1) steel anchor beam structure adopts square steel to be made, specification, model should meet design requirement, and before blanking, hole depth measured, and top horizontal steel anchor beam blanking adds revealed section with hole depth and is as the criterion, raker beam segmentation blanking, be divided into hole depth length and with horizontal beam linkage section length.
2) one end oxygen welding gas cutting of every square steel hand-hole by tapered for end machining to send into smoothly in hole when installing.
3) measuring anchoring depth with steel ruler, in this region, holdfast is welded at four sides, to free segment brushing anticorrosive paint on request after completing.
4) verification installing hole numbering, the steel anchor beam structure processed is lifted to corresponding region, position, hole, the horizontal beam of steel anchor beam structure adopts simple and easy dead man to adjust in conjunction with hands calabash and installs, connect in aperture segmentation butt welding during installation, tying up at seam crossing four sides same specification steel plate and stick weldering welding, during connection, beam body should be in same axis.
5) raker beam slip casting carries out the connection work of horizontal beam and raker beam after completing, linkage section does corner cut and processes, after making its two ends be fitted in upper and lower two beam exposed faces completely, adopting and do bevel full penetration weldering process, the both sides of junction add steel plate and tie up patch welding.
1.7 slip castings
Adopt slip casing by pressure to make injecting cement paste penetrate in rock crack, form anchoring section in the horizontal beam end of steel anchor beam structure, play the effect improving bearing capacity.
1) cement adopts Portland cement, and the ratio of mud 0.4��0.5 prepares neat slurry, and paste materials adds polyacrylonitrile fibre (PAN), and incorporation meets design requirement; Slurry intensity is not less than 40MPa.
2) Grouting Pipe is through anchor beam center, and head, from being 50��100mm at the bottom of anchor beam, adopts and returns slurry processes slip casting at the bottom of hole, and grouting pressure 1.0MPa��1.5MPa, exhaustor closes slurry with the pressure of 1.5MPa after returning underflow, closes slurry time 30min.
1.8 concrete sealings
1) being installed by sealing steel reinforcement cage after slip casting and put in place, sealing steel reinforcement cage adopts the reinforcing bar of �� 8 to be coiled to form, length and should meet designing requirement around muscle spacing.
2), after horizontal beam places installing hole with raker beam, sealing steel reinforcement cage is delivered to no less than 500mm in hole through steel anchor beam structure, exposes no less than 300mm.
3) the exposed parts formwork casting concrete after horizontal beam completes with raker beam slip casting and is connected, to sealing steel reinforcement cage.
1.9 linking beams are installed
Adopt I-steel to make and link girder steel, before blanking, each section is often organized the distance measurement between steel anchor beam structure, lower good material is transported to each corresponding section position. Steel anchor beam structure carries out labelling, I-steel is linked after girder steel is placed in mark and be welded to connect.
1.10 brushing antirust paints
Steel anchor beam structure and link girder steel assembly, welded, after surface treatment is done in welding position, overall is coated with priming and spray paint.
1.11 mark time, handrail is installed, decoration
1) tread structure adopts square steel tube processing and fabricating, and column of point marking time, primary and secondary are marked time Os Draconis; Column is welded at a certain distance and links girder steel, Os Draconis of primary and secondary being marked time again are welded in marks time on column, forming the skeleton part of tread structure, mark time column and the mark time spacing of Os Draconis of primary and secondary meets design requirement, finally main dragon is marked time and lays the galvanized steel plain sheet surface layer plate as passway for escaping on Os Draconis.
2) angle steel is welded with Os Draconis of marking time at a certain distance as handrail keel framework, laterally adopt Bolted angle connection, adopt wire gauze to add to mould stony edema mud and surface layer carries out parcel look for type, detailed treatment, configuration pigment to handrail, railing is painted, it is old to do, and forms of an antique style bark grain effect.
1.12 plastic stone rockery landscape ornamentals
1. according to the shaped position of side slope, fluctuations near passway for escaping, through moulding stone skeleton moulding, skeleton steel silk screen parcel, surface layer plastic-blasting, superficial makings look for type, modification, detailed treatment, configuration pigment, mould the Technologies such as stone is painted, make the plastic stone rockery Landscape construction of the concavo-convex change of nature, decoration at sash beam.
1.13 ridgings, landscape planting
Planting soil is transported to domatic surface layer and plastic stone rockery Nei Shu pond, and heap is built after banketing, transplant adapt to ecologic facies short filling, arbor, climb the plant such as rattan, grass, it is achieved Afforestation Landscape near passway for escaping and restoration of the ecosystem.
1.14 cleaning and final acceptances of construction
Shelf checks before removing comprehensively, butt welded seam, antirust paint, moulds the place of stone cosmetic damage, repairs in time; Can be fallen after examination to be checked frame. Pay special attention to safety and the finished product protection to component when tearing frame open, must not throw about, it is to avoid smash component.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but it is not limited to the present invention, any those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of technical solution of the present invention, when the technology contents of available the disclosure above makes a little change or is modified to the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations, in every case it is the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to any simple modification that above example is made by the technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent variations and modification, all still fall within the scope of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the construction method of a precipice passway for escaping, it is characterised in that including:
Version according to passway for escaping to be onstructed, passway for escaping to be onstructed being divided into multiple steel anchor beam structures to form form, described steel anchor beam structure includes top horizontal steel anchor beam, is arranged at the bottom level steel anchor beam below described top horizontal steel anchor beam and is supported in the raker beam between described top horizontal steel anchor beam and described bottom level steel anchor beam;
Precipice massif is determined the described top horizontal steel anchor beam of each described steel anchor beam structure and the installation site of described bottom level steel anchor beam;
Described top horizontal steel anchor beam and the installation site of described bottom level steel anchor beam according to each described steel anchor beam structure determined are holed on precipice massif and are formed corresponding installing hole;
The described top horizontal steel anchor beam of each described steel anchor beam structure and described bottom level steel anchor beam are inserted in corresponding described installing hole;
Between the described top horizontal steel anchor beam and described bottom level steel anchor beam of each described steel anchor beam structure, described raker beam is installed;
Each described installing hole is carried out grouting and reinforcing, sealing steel reinforcement cage is installed after slip casting in each described installing hole, each described sealing steel reinforcement cage part is exposed to described installing hole;
Each described sealing steel reinforcement cage is exposed to the part casting concrete of described installing hole;
Install between the described top horizontal steel anchor beam of two adjacent described steel anchor beam structures and link girder steel;
Each described steel anchor beam structure described top horizontal steel anchor beam and each described in link girder steel top install tread structure, be set to be perpendicular to vertical guide by the plane at described tread structure place;
Described tread structure is laid the surface layer plate of passway for escaping.
2. precipice passway for escaping construction method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that after determining the described top horizontal steel anchor beam of each described steel anchor beam structure and the installation site of described bottom level steel anchor beam on precipice massif, further comprise the steps of:
Described top horizontal steel anchor beam according to each described steel anchor beam structure determined and the areas case of the installation site of described bottom level steel anchor beam, set up operation scaffold on precipice massif, and on described operation scaffold, boring forms described installing hole, described operation scaffold is design of coupler scaffold, described design of coupler scaffold includes: be supported in the multiple vertical rods on supporting surface from bottom to top according to the domatic form of precipice massif, vertically lay and be connected to the multiple transverse horizontal bars between adjacent two the described vertical rods transversely arranged, vertically lay and be connected to the vertical equity bar between longitudinally arranged adjacent two described vertical rods, the multiple transverse directions being connected between adjacent two the described bottom of upright rods transversely arranged are swept the floor bar, the multiple longitudinal directions being connected between longitudinally arranged adjacent two described bottom of upright rods are swept the floor bar, and it is connected to the multiple vertical bridging between multiple described transverse horizontal bar.
3. precipice passway for escaping construction method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:
By described vertical equity bar every upper level step from the bar distance shrinking 1��2 described transverse horizontal bar outside to inside;
The position of the described vertical rod being positioned on ramp type supporting surface on described operation scaffold increases oblique steel pipe support and reinforces;
The position being positioned at stepped portions on described operation scaffold increases earth anchor reinforcing, steel pipe is adopted to implant precipice massif described earth anchor, described earth anchor is rigidly connected firmly with described transverse horizontal bar and described vertical rod, described earth anchor is implanted cementing mortar in the hole of precipice massif and reinforces.
4. precipice passway for escaping construction method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the length of described top horizontal steel anchor beam is more than the length of described bottom level steel anchor beam, described top horizontal steel anchor beam and described bottom level steel anchor beam are square steel, and the end machining of one end that described square steel is inserted described installing hole is tapered.
5. precipice passway for escaping construction method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the four sides welding holdfast of the end of described installing hole is inserted at each described square steel, described installing hole is carried out grouting and reinforcing, insert the end formation anchoring section of described installing hole after injection slurry solidification at described square steel, described holdfast is embedded in described anchoring section.
6. precipice passway for escaping construction method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described tread structure includes:
Multiple columns of marking time, be welded at a certain distance each described in link on girder steel, the end face of column of marking time described in multiple the joint face being collectively forming is perpendicular to vertical guide;
Mark time Os Draconis, be arranged at multiple described in mark time the end face of column;
Handrail Os Draconis, away from the side margins of precipice massif on Os Draconis of marking time described in being arranged at.
7. a precipice passway for escaping structure, it is characterised in that including:
Version according to passway for escaping to be onstructed and be opened in the multiple installing hole groups on precipice massif, each described installing hole group includes one first installing hole and one second installing hole;
With multiple described installing hole groups multiple steel anchor beam structures one to one, described steel anchor beam structure includes top horizontal steel anchor beam, is arranged at the bottom level steel anchor beam below described top horizontal steel anchor beam and is supported in the raker beam between described top horizontal steel anchor beam and described bottom level steel anchor beam; One end of described top horizontal steel anchor beam is connected to the top of described raker beam, and the other end of described top horizontal steel anchor beam is inserted in the first installing hole of the installing hole group of correspondence; One end of described bottom level steel anchor beam is connected to the bottom of described raker beam, and the other end of described bottom level steel anchor beam is inserted in the second installing hole of the installing hole group of correspondence;
Multiple first sealing concrete blocks, build the opening part of the first installing hole in each described installing hole group;
Multiple second sealing concrete blocks, build the opening part of the second installing hole in each described installing hole group;
Multiple link girder steel, be connected between the described top horizontal steel anchor beam of adjacent two described steel anchor beam structure;
Tread structure, be installed on each described steel anchor beam structure described top horizontal steel anchor beam and each described in link the top of girder steel, the plane at described tread structure place is perpendicular to vertical guide;
The surface layer plate of passway for escaping, is layed on described tread structure.
8. precipice passway for escaping structure as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the length of described top horizontal steel anchor beam is more than the length of described bottom level steel anchor beam, described top horizontal steel anchor beam and described bottom level steel anchor beam are square steel, and described top horizontal steel anchor beam inserts the termination of the termination of one end of described first installing hole and one end of described bottom level steel anchor beam described second installing hole of insertion and is taper.
9. precipice passway for escaping structure as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that:
Described top horizontal steel anchor beam away from the opening part of described first installing hole first end be externally formed with the first anchoring section, the four sides of the first end of described top horizontal steel anchor beam is welded with the first holdfast, and described first holdfast is embedded in described first anchoring section;
Described top horizontal steel anchor beam is provided with the first sealing steel reinforcement cage near the outer cover of the second end of the opening part of described first installing hole, first end of described first sealing steel reinforcement cage is embedded in described first anchoring section, and the second end of described first sealing steel reinforcement cage is embedded in described first sealing concrete block;
Described bottom level steel anchor beam away from the opening part of described second installing hole first end be externally formed with the second anchoring section, the four sides of the first end of described bottom level steel anchor beam is welded with the second holdfast, and described second holdfast is embedded in described second anchoring section;
Described bottom level steel anchor beam is provided with the second sealing steel reinforcement cage near the outer cover of the second end of the opening part of described second installing hole, first end of described second sealing steel reinforcement cage is embedded in described second anchoring section, and the second end of described second sealing steel reinforcement cage is embedded in described second sealing concrete block.
10. precipice passway for escaping structure as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described tread structure includes:
Multiple columns of marking time, be welded at a certain distance each described in link on girder steel, the end face of column of marking time described in multiple the joint face being collectively forming is perpendicular to vertical guide;
Mark time Os Draconis, be arranged at multiple described in mark time the end face of column;
Handrail Os Draconis, away from the side margins of precipice massif on Os Draconis of marking time described in being arranged at.
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