CN105625478A - Basement pressure release structure construction method - Google Patents
Basement pressure release structure construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105625478A CN105625478A CN201410581232.0A CN201410581232A CN105625478A CN 105625478 A CN105625478 A CN 105625478A CN 201410581232 A CN201410581232 A CN 201410581232A CN 105625478 A CN105625478 A CN 105625478A
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- gravel stratum
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Abstract
The invention discloses a basement pressure release structure construction method, which comprises a cushion and a basement base plate on the cushion; a catch pit is arranged in the cushion and the basement base plate; a gravel layer is arranged below the cushion; a filter blanket is arranged around the catch pit; a honeycomb duct is arranged in the gravel layer; the honeycomb duct is arranged toward the filter blanket; a drainage tube is installed on the sidewall of the catch pit; and the catch pit is communicated with the filter blanket through the drainage tube. Water outside the basement that generates buoyancy is introduced into the basement, therefore, buoyancy is reduced; the gravel layer is arranged below the cushion, therefore, the problem of current influx outside the basement ground pit is solved; the honeycomb duct in the gravel layer is used to concentrate underground water, and to change the underground water into indoor gravity water, therefore, the problem of underground water buoyancy is completely solved at an initial building stage of a building.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the basement structure of building field and construction method, specifically refer to the pressure relief construction method of a kind of basement.
Background technology
Reform and opening-up is over 30 years, along with economic develops rapidly, the acceleration of urban construction, the utilization of basement space is required more and more higher by people, basement, air-raid shelter's Quantity are more and more, and area is also increasing, therefore in structural design, the anti-floating problem how solving basement has become as a frequent problems faced, causes the extensive concern of engineer. Basement Anti-floating design divides three kinds of situations: just stop precipitation after 1 basement construction, even if at this moment the superstructure number of plies is more, but because superstructure is but without construction, buoyancy of water is descended in the deadweight of basement irresistibly, this situation reply basement carries out the antifloating computation of construction stage, and adopts relevant measure of anti float; 2 levels of ground water are higher, and basement buried depth is relatively big, the superstructure number of plies is less, and in this case, buoyancy of water is descended in the deadweight of structure irresistibly, overall structure need to be carried out antifloating computation; The deadweight of 3 structures itself can resist underground buoyancy of water, but basement bottom board also needs to carry out Anti-floating design.
Many building basements occur in that because water buoyancy causes the engineering accident of structure entirety floating or basement bottom board local eminence in recent years, are analyzed by reconnaissance trip, it has been found that this type of building substrate is the ground (basement rock or clay) of impervious stratum. Owing to such ground is impervious stratum, soil layer does not have underground circulating water, crevice water that in soil layer, only possible appearance is a small amount of or perched water, survey report do not reflect level of ground water naturally, unfamiliar geological survey units even also is directly pointed out to consider that anti-floating power designs in its report, so therefore architects often can ignore, and basement carries out anti-floating power design. Field investigation finds, may be up to basement height because excavation of foundation pit backfill position surface water permeates and collects in the floating water head formed outside basement, thereby results in such engineering accident.
At present, the method solving problems generally has two kinds: dead-weight balanced method, carrys out neutral buoyancy by increasing backfill soil, stone or concrete thickness; Drag counterbalanced procedure, arranges anti-float anchor rod or uplift pile, is also anti-floating pile, is the one of architectural engineering underground structure measure of anti float.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the pressure relief construction method of a kind of basement, the problem solving current building basement anti-floating, the process of construction of building is just fully solved the buoyancy impact on building so that buoyancy no longer affects construction and the use of building.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of pressure relief construction method of basement, including the basement bottom board on bed course and bed course, bed course and basement bottom board are provided with catch pit, one layer of sandy gravel stratum it is equipped with below bed course, being equipped with filter course in catch pit surrounding, be equipped with mozzle in sandy gravel stratum, mozzle is pooled in filter course, being provided with drainage tube on the sidewall of catch pit, catch pit is connected with filter course by drainage tube. the pressure relief of the present invention is compared with the basement floor constructions of traditional architecture, there is identical structure, argillic horizon or ground are used bed course levelling, bed course arranges basement bottom board, catch pit is set, in traditional architecture, when the clay layer of building lower section runs into sandstone time, typically require and dug up, then carry out changing filling out with the concrete of C15, and the new pressure relief of this practicality is compared with traditional structure, there is the breakthrough in thinking, adopt the structure laying sandy gravel stratum between bed course and clay layer, for the technology prejudice that sandstone layer can not be arranged at the bottom of traditional architecture, there is prominent feature, sandy gravel stratum is provided with mozzle, surrounding at catch pit is provided with filter course, mozzle focuses on filter course after connecting, filter course is as the collection region of subsoil water, at traditional bed course, waterproof layer, fish tail and waterproof layer, and basement bottom board is embedded with drainage tube, the effect of drainage tube is to be incorporated in the catch pit in basement by the subsoil water being pooled to filter course, thus the water that basement external produces buoyancy is incorporated in basement, thus playing the problem reducing suffered buoyancy, the present invention adopts the frame mode laying sandy gravel stratum under bed course, the current solved outside basement foundation ditch collect problem, by the mozzle being arranged in sandy gravel stratum, subsoil water is concentrated, subsoil water is become the gravitational water in basement by drainage tube, it is converted into action of gravity in basement while building is not produced buoyancy, the buoyancy problem of subsoil water is just completely solved from the building initial period of building.
Geotextiles also it is equipped with under described sandy gravel stratum. further, in order to improve the filter capacity of sandy gravel stratum, sandy gravel stratum is avoided in use to be mixed into unnecessary impurity, the mode first laying geotextiles below sandy gravel stratum can be adopted, geotextiles is laid sandy gravel stratum, subsoil water can be filtered out from earth, the clay avoiding argillic horizon enters into sandy gravel stratum, it is favorably improved the filter capacity of sandy gravel stratum, and, in actual application, applicant further found that, adopt the version re-laying sandy gravel stratum after laying geotextiles, can utilize external water pressure that mozzle is carried out back flush, if not adopting geotextiles, after carrying out back flush, mozzle can be blocked by the earth fallen after rise, and after adopting geotextiles, the impulsive force of back flush reduces, and the mud particles fallen after rise can be stopped, be conducive to keeping the unobstructed of mozzle, realize the prolonged and repeated use of mozzle.
Described drainage tube is provided with pressure valve. Further, as a further improvement on the present invention, for retentively outdoor down pressure, height of water level is made to be in a more stable environment, it is possible to pressure valve is installed on drainage tube, by selecting the pressure valve of different voltage limiting value, can so that the hydraulic pressure outside basement be in a relatively stable scope, when hydraulic pressure is more than certain particular value, pressure valve is open-minded, carries out pressure release; When the water level that underground is outdoor falls back to restriction position, pressure drops to the threshold value of pressure valve, and pressure valve is closed so that the pressure outside basement is more stable, is conducive to keeping the stable and unified of environment.
On described mozzle, distribution has the hole of multiple diameter 0.5��2mm. Specifically, preferred version as the present invention, the surface distributed of mozzle has very many holes, the effect in hole is that water is carried out water conservancy diversion, to stop that the sand grains of sandy gravel stratum enters simultaneously, sandy gravel stratum adopts the coarse sand of particle diameter 1.5��4mm continuous grading to make, when therefore on mozzle, the diameter in hole is arranged on 0.5��2mm, it is possible to play good iris action.
Described mozzle is PVC plastic pipe. Further, as present invention further optimization, PVC plastic pipe can be adopted as mozzle, and for metal tube, the corrosion-resistant degree of plastic tube is significantly larger than metal, and its processing technique is simpler, current PVC plastic pipe has higher intensity and toughness equally, is suitable for building trade and uses, but in current building, there is no the pressure relief of the present invention, more do not utilize PVC plastic pipe as the literature record of mozzle.
The laying density of described mozzle is 0.6��1.2 meter/square metre. further, inventor is through testing repeatedly, calculate, the laying density of mozzle has certain requirement, when the duct length of every square meter is lower than 0.6 meter, flow conductivity is decreased obviously, when bust heavy rain, water accumulation level amount of increase outside basement is obvious, and the speed that rises is very fast, in time increasing mozzle density, the growth rate of water level reduces, the laying density of mozzle is comparatively suitable within the scope of 0.6��1.2 meter/square metre, when its laying density is more than 1.2 meters time, water level outside basement does not substantially become words when bust heavy rain, namely it is not reaching to the state operated at full capacity to continue the mozzle that increases, it is consequently belonging to waste, in order to save cost, the mozzle laying density of the present invention should control at 0.6��1.2 meter/square metre.
The distribution density of described catch pit is 600��700 square metres/. further, in current building, particularly in the design of basement, the indoor catch pit quantity of basement is mainly correlated with the fire-fighting water yield, and never the distribution density of catch pit was had research by people, repetition test and modeling calculation through inventor, the distribution density of discovery catch pit influences whether flow direction and the speed of the outer floating water of basement, find through test, when the distribution density of catch pit is when 600��700 square metres/, ratio is conveniently, when the distribution density of catch pit reduces, time its value is more than 700 square metre/, the flowing through channel of outdoor water lengthens, and speed is being accelerated, disturbance is there is in the gravel that can cause sandy gravel stratum under the mobilization of water, form eddy current, and, mozzle lies substantially in full load condition, the pipe network that long-term oepration at full load forms for mozzle is unfavorable, it is not easy to reverse cleaning, therefore, need to improve the distribution density of catch pit, when the distribution density of catch pit increases, time its value is less than 600 square metre/, the rate of load condensate of underground pipe network drops to 60%, continue the words improved, rate of load condensate continues to decline sharp, form waste, therefore, inventor sums up and show that the distribution density of catch pit is comparatively suitable when 600��700 square metres/, mozzle pipe network rate of load condensate now is 70%��80%, it is in comparatively ideal duty, and it has been greatly reduced cost, improve cost performance, simultaneously, distribution density so also can meet the requirement of fire demand water.
The construction method of a kind of basement anti-floating plate pressure relief, comprises the following steps:
(A) foundation ditch excavates: foundation ditch excavates 5��10cm to sandy gravel stratum absolute altitude;
(B) geotextiles is laid;
(C) adopt the coarse sand of particle diameter 1-4mm to be laid to sandy gravel stratum, and in sandy gravel stratum, lay mozzle;
(D) installation frame outside catch pit, installs drainage tube in framework, the port of drainage tube extend to framework to, in framework, load the gravel of particle diameter 15��25mm or rubble form filter course;
(E) cushion construction, and on bed course, carry out construction of waterproof layer;
(F) assembling reinforcement on waterproof layer, basement bottom board is built.
The construction method of present configuration, in construction method relative to traditional architecture foundation ditch, maximum difference is exactly after foundation ditch excavates, add step (C) and step (D), the effect of step (C) is to form guide layer at basement external, connected by mozzle and form pipe network, under the filtration of sandy gravel stratum, water in foundation ditch can enter into filter course through mozzle from different directions, enter under the importing effect of drainage tube in foundation ditch, so, discharging uniformly and stably of subsoil water can be realized from catch pit, thoroughly solve the impact on building of the basement external water, it is particularly well-suited to fluid-tight argillic horizon, or Rock Region.
In described step (C), mozzle extend to the outer 2��3m of bed course, the part of extension is as in sandy gravel stratum, and the thickness of sandy gravel stratum is 0.5��0.8m herein. further, optimizing further and improving as the present invention, in order to ensure that the hydrops outside basement can both import in catch pit in time, the prolongation of mozzle is set outside basement foundation ditch, when foundation ditch excavates, width bottom foundation ditch should more than border more than the 3m of foundation ditch, 2��3m place outside basement bottom board all spreads geotextiles, geotextiles sets sandy gravel stratum, the thickness of sandy gravel stratum should more than the sandy gravel stratum thickness below basement bottom board herein, mozzle extends in the sandy gravel stratum outside basement bottom board, the geotextiles of sandy gravel stratum herein covers parcel, so, thicken sandy gravel stratum can to basement wall outside backfill soil in hydrops and rainwater be filtered, then pass through mozzle and enter into below basement bottom board, solve the hydrops problem outside basement wall.
In described step (C), on mozzle, the area in hole is 0.05��0.1:1 with the surface area ratio of mozzle. Further, for the ease of the processing of hole on tubing, obtain good flow conductivity simultaneously, can adjusting the ratio between the area of perforate on mozzle and mozzle surface area, as good selection, the value of this ratio should in the scope of 0.05��0.1:1, after ratio increases, the difficulty of processing can be improved, and after reducing its ratio, the effect of water conservancy diversion can be subject to again obvious limitation.
The present invention compared with prior art, has such advantages as and beneficial effect:
The pressure relief construction method of 1 a kind of basement of the present invention, sandy gravel stratum is provided with mozzle, surrounding at catch pit is provided with filter course, mozzle focuses on filter course after connecting, filter course is as the collection region of subsoil water, at traditional bed course, waterproof layer, fish tail and waterproof layer, and basement bottom board is embedded with drainage tube, the effect of drainage tube is to be incorporated in the catch pit in basement by the subsoil water being pooled to filter course, thus the water that basement external produces buoyancy is incorporated in basement, thus playing the problem reducing suffered buoyancy, the present invention adopts the frame mode laying sandy gravel stratum under bed course, the current solved outside basement foundation ditch collect problem, by the mozzle being arranged in sandy gravel stratum, subsoil water is concentrated, subsoil water is become the gravitational water in basement by drainage tube, it is converted into action of gravity in basement while building is not produced buoyancy, the buoyancy problem of subsoil water is just completely solved from the building initial period of building,
The pressure relief construction method of 2 a kind of basements of the present invention, when the duct length of every square meter is lower than 0.6 meter, flow conductivity is decreased obviously, when bust heavy rain, water accumulation level amount of increase outside basement is obvious, and the speed that rises is very fast, in time increasing mozzle density, the growth rate of water level reduces, the laying density of mozzle is comparatively suitable within the scope of 0.6��1.2 meter/square metre, when its laying density is more than 1.2 meters time, water level outside basement does not substantially become words when bust heavy rain, namely it is not reaching to the state operated at full capacity to continue the mozzle that increases, it is consequently belonging to waste, in order to save cost, the mozzle laying density of the present invention should control at 0.6��1.2 meter/square metre,
The pressure relief construction method of 3 a kind of basements of the present invention, when the distribution density of catch pit reduces, time its value is more than 700 square metre/, the flowing through channel of outdoor water lengthens, and speed is being accelerated, disturbance is there is in the gravel that can cause sandy gravel stratum under the mobilization of water, form eddy current, and, mozzle lies substantially in full load condition, the pipe network that long-term oepration at full load forms for mozzle is unfavorable, it is not easy to reverse cleaning, therefore, need to improve the distribution density of catch pit, when the distribution density of catch pit increases, time its value is less than 600 square metre/, the rate of load condensate of underground pipe network drops to 60%, continue the words improved, rate of load condensate continues to decline sharp, form waste, therefore, inventor sums up and show that the distribution density of catch pit is comparatively suitable when 600��700 square metres/, mozzle pipe network rate of load condensate now is 70%��80%, it is in comparatively ideal duty, and it has been greatly reduced cost, improve cost performance,
The construction method of 4 present invention a kind of basement anti-floating plate pressure relief, in construction method relative to traditional architecture foundation ditch, maximum difference is exactly after foundation ditch excavates, add step (C) and step (D), the effect of step (C) is to form guide layer at basement external, connected by mozzle and form pipe network, under the filtration of sandy gravel stratum, water in foundation ditch can enter into filter course through mozzle from different directions, enter under the importing effect of drainage tube in foundation ditch, so, discharging uniformly and stably of subsoil water can be realized from catch pit, thoroughly solve the impact on building of the basement external water, it is particularly well-suited to fluid-tight argillic horizon, or Rock Region,
The construction method of 5 present invention a kind of basement anti-floating plate pressure relief, in order to ensure that the hydrops outside basement can both import in catch pit in time, the prolongation of mozzle is set outside basement foundation ditch, when foundation ditch excavates, width bottom foundation ditch should more than border more than the 3m of foundation ditch, 2��3m place outside basement bottom board all spreads geotextiles, geotextiles sets sandy gravel stratum, the thickness of sandy gravel stratum should more than the sandy gravel stratum thickness below basement bottom board herein, mozzle extends in the sandy gravel stratum outside basement bottom board, the geotextiles of sandy gravel stratum herein covers parcel, so, thicken sandy gravel stratum can to basement wall outside backfill soil in hydrops and rainwater be filtered, then pass through mozzle and enter into below basement bottom board, solve the hydrops problem outside basement wall.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that basement polycrystalline substance of the present invention is intended to.
Labelling and corresponding parts title in accompanying drawing:
1-bed course, 2-basement bottom board, 3-catch pit, 4-sandy gravel stratum, 5-filter course, 6-mozzle, 7-drainage tube, 8-geotextiles, 9-pressure valve, 10-clay layer.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment
As it is shown in figure 1, the pressure relief construction method of a kind of basement of the present invention is to adopt following construction method to produce, comprise the following steps:
(A) foundation ditch excavates: excavate foundation ditch according to design drawing, require the distance having more than 3m between surrounding and the foundation pit side-wall of Base isolation system, require if any loose structures such as even sandstones, then to need to change and fill out process, the height of argillic horizon 10 should below sandy gravel stratum 4 absolute altitude 5��10cm;
(B) geotextiles 8 is laid; Geotextiles 8 selects the model that width is bigger as far as possible, and lap-joint has at least the overlapped part of 15cm, it is desirable to smooth, with foundation ditch laminating as far as possible;
(C) the continuous grading coarse sand of particle diameter 1-4mm is adopted to be laid to sandy gravel stratum 4, the thickness of sandy gravel stratum 4 is 10��15cm, mozzle 6 is laid in sandy gravel stratum 4, mozzle 6 adopts PVC hot-pressing plastic pipe, its diameter 30��50mm, on PVC hot-pressing plastic pipe, processing has numerous holes, and the diameter in hole is 1.2mm, and the surface area ratio of the area in hole and PVC hot-pressing plastic pipe is 0.07:1;
(D) installation frame outside catch pit 3, drainage tube 7 is installed in framework, the port of drainage tube 7 extend to framework to, gravel or the rubble of loading particle diameter 15��25mm in framework form filter course 5, the density of catch pit 3 is 650 square metres/, namely the basement bottom board area of every 650 square metres just one catch pit 3 of preparation, the drainage tube 7 in catch pit 3 is provided with pressure valve 9, and the closing pressure of pressure valve 9 can select according to actual environment;
(E) bed course 1 is constructed, and carries out the construction of waterproof layer, fish tail and waterproof layer on bed course 1;
(F) assembling reinforcement on fish tail and waterproof layer, basement bottom board 2 is built; after basement bottom board is built; form removal; fill the thickening position forming sandy gravel stratum 4 with coarse sand in the outside of basement bottom board; the width thickening position is 2.3m; thickness is 0.6m, and the contact site of the those widened sections of sandy gravel stratum 4 and argillic horizon 10 is used that geotextiles 8 covers parcel.
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, the present invention not does any pro forma restriction, any simple modification that above example is made by every technical spirit according to the present invention, equivalent variations, each falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the construction method of a basement anti-floating plate pressure relief, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(A) foundation ditch excavates: foundation ditch excavates 5��10cm to sandy gravel stratum (4) absolute altitude;
(B) geotextiles (8) is laid;
(C) adopt the coarse sand of particle diameter 1-4mm to be laid to sandy gravel stratum (4), and in sandy gravel stratum (4), lay mozzle (6);
(D) installation frame outside catch pit, installs drainage tube (7) in framework, the port of drainage tube (7) extend to framework to, in framework, load the gravel of particle diameter 15��25mm or rubble form filter course (5);
(E) bed course (1) construction, and carry out construction of waterproof layer on bed course (1);
(F) assembling reinforcement above waterproof layer, basement bottom board (2) is built.
2. the construction method of a kind of basement anti-floating plate pressure relief according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (C), mozzle (6) extend to bed course (1) 2��3m outward, the part extended is as in sandy gravel stratum (4), and the thickness of sandy gravel stratum (4) is 0.5��0.8m herein.
3. the construction method of a kind of basement anti-floating plate pressure relief according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (C), the upper area in hole of mozzle (6) is 0.05��0.1:1 with the surface area ratio of mozzle (6).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410581232.0A CN105625478A (en) | 2014-10-27 | 2014-10-27 | Basement pressure release structure construction method |
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| CN201410581232.0A CN105625478A (en) | 2014-10-27 | 2014-10-27 | Basement pressure release structure construction method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107386338A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-24 | 刘保材 | A kind of building construction substrate drainage pressure-reducing design |
| CN113202148A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-03 | 四川省建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Basement water conservancy diversion pressure limiting structure |
-
2014
- 2014-10-27 CN CN201410581232.0A patent/CN105625478A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107386338A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-24 | 刘保材 | A kind of building construction substrate drainage pressure-reducing design |
| CN107386338B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-10-18 | 刘保材 | A kind of building construction substrate drainage pressure-reducing design structure |
| CN113202148A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-03 | 四川省建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Basement water conservancy diversion pressure limiting structure |
| CN113202148B (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2023-01-17 | 四川省建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Basement water conservancy diversion pressure limiting structure |
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Application publication date: 20160601 |