CN113202148B - A basement flow diversion pressure limiting structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a basement flow guiding and pressure limiting structure.A jack is arranged in a basement bottom plate, a water guide pipe is inserted into the jack and can be pulled out, and a filter assembly is arranged in the water guide pipe; or the filtering component is cleaned in a mode of continuously plugging and unplugging the water guide pipe, so that the problem of silting of the traditional filtering layer can be avoided; can be in the gliding mode of water guide outer tube through setting up the slip inner tube, and will filtering component fixes in the outside of slip inner tube, only needs to pull out to insert the slip inner tube promptly, just can realize the washing to filtering component to can reduce the damage to the water guide outer tube to a great extent in the cleaning process.

Description

A basement flow diversion pressure limiting structure

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of basement pressure limiting structures, in particular to a basement flow diversion pressure limiting structure.

Background technique

The existing basement pressure relief method is usually to set a sand and pebble filter layer or other filter layers in the basement floor. When the groundwater rises, it is filtered by the sand and pebble filter layer or other filter layers, and the filtered rainwater enters the aqueduct and is discharged. discharge; the sand and pebble filter layer needs to excavate a larger foundation pit and fill the foundation pit with sand and pebbles during the specific construction process, and pour concrete after pre-burying the aqueduct in the sand and pebbles. The basement floor is fully fixed.

The applicant found in the use of an existing anti-floating slab pressure relief structure and its construction method (CN103147464B) that in the prior art, the use of aqueducts to pump out groundwater for pressure relief can indeed reduce the pressure on the basement floor. However, after long-term use, the sand and pebble filter layer or other filter layers are prone to silting problems; when the filter layer is silted up, artificial mechanical dredging is generally used, but Since the filter layer is usually set under the concrete layer and the aqueduct is fixed, it is generally impossible or difficult to desilt the filter layer.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a basement flow diversion and pressure limiting structure, which can clean the filter layer and avoid the problem of silting.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a basement flow diversion and pressure limiting structure, including a force-bearing layer and an aqueduct, and an insertion hole is drilled on the basement floor, and the aqueduct can be inserted from the insertion hole into the holding base of the basement floor The bottom end of the water guide pipe is the water inlet end, and a filter assembly is arranged inside the water guide pipe, and a steel mesh is installed at the opening of the water inlet end of the water guide pipe. This scheme is an improvement on the existing basement pressure relief structure. The existing pressure relief structure can have a high filtering effect on the rising groundwater and discharge the groundwater from the drainage pipe during the initial use process, which can play a role However, after a long period of use, the filter layer in the structure tends to accumulate all kinds of impurities carried by the groundwater when it flows, and most impurities in the groundwater can be intercepted by the filter layer to prevent floating. The filtration effect of groundwater, but when impurities accumulate in the filter layer too much, the filter layer is prone to silting, and groundwater cannot even infiltrate through the filter layer, resulting in excessive floating pressure of groundwater, lifting the basement floor or partial cracking of the basement floor. Therefore, the applicant proposes a basement flow diversion and pressure limiting structure in view of the above-mentioned problems, which can completely solve the fouling phenomenon of the filter layer and avoid the cracking or lifting of the basement floor. The specific implementation method is as follows: a socket is drilled on the basement floor, and the aqueduct can be inserted into the bearing layer of the basement floor through the socket, and the bottom opening of the aqueduct is provided with a steel mesh, which can avoid large particles Into the water guide pipe to form a blockage; and put the filter assembly in the water guide pipe, the steel plate can also prevent the filter assembly from falling out from the bottom of the water guide pipe, the side of the filter assembly can be connected to the water guide pipe Adapted to the inner wall of the filter assembly, the filter assembly can filter the groundwater entering the aqueduct; during the long-term use of this solution, the substances carried in the groundwater are partially attached to the filter assembly, and after the filtration capacity of the filter assembly decreases, due to There is a detachable connection between the aqueduct and the socket, the aqueduct can be pulled out directly, and the filter assembly can be taken out from the aqueduct to replace the filter assembly; when the filter assembly is replaced, the aqueduct can be reinserted into the basement into the socket on the bottom plate.

Therefore, this solution changes the filter layer in the prior art into a movable and detachable structure, which can ensure that it can be replaced at any time. When the filter performance of the filter component decreases, a new filter component can be replaced to ensure the basement drainage. The pressure limiting structure always has a good filtering effect, and the filter layer is cleaned to avoid the problem of silting. And the applicant also found in the actual use of this scheme that this scheme can also adopt another implementation mode, that is, when the aqueduct is inserted into the basement floor, since the side wall of the filter assembly and the inner wall of the aqueduct are The contact fit state ensures that groundwater can only be discharged out of the pipe after being filtered by the filter assembly. Therefore, the fit between the filter assembly and the aqueduct is relatively tight. If the filter assembly is directly put into the aqueduct, the filter assembly cannot naturally drop to the aqueduct At the bottom of the water pipe, it is usually necessary to use a rod to push the filter assembly to the bottom of the water pipe, and it is troublesome when taking out the filter assembly. Therefore, it is arranged that the top of the filter assembly is connected with a rod, and the rod can be Put them all into the water guide pipe; when the filter assembly needs to be taken out, the rod can be pulled out to pull out the filter assembly; in addition, the applicant found that if the filter assembly is pulled out and replaced, the operation is more complicated , and at least two filter components need to be used alternately, and the cost is relatively high; therefore, the applicant found that: generally, the filter components can be cleaned with water after disassembly, and after removing most of the silted impurities in the filter components, the secondary However, when the filter assembly is in use, it is in a static state in the aqueduct, and the impurities can only accumulate in the filter assembly and cannot be cleaned automatically; while in the prior art, there is a backwashing of the filter layer by surface water recharge. However, many complex equipment such as water pumps and controllers need to be used for backwashing, which are obviously overkill when used in the basement diversion and pressure limiting structure. Therefore, this scheme needs to adopt simple structure and operation mode to realize the filter assembly. cleaning. Specifically, since the top of the filter assembly is connected with a rod, the rod can be used as a power rod to drive the movement of the filter assembly. The rod can be driven by people or machinery, and the rod can be overdriven to make the filter assembly Lifting movement, rotation movement and other irregular movements in the aqueduct can use the groundwater in the aqueduct to clean the filter assembly. The cleaned filter assembly can be pushed to the bottom of the water guide pipe by the drag bar to continue to use. It can be seen that the rod can push the filter assembly to the bottom of the water conduit, pull out the filter assembly and serve as a driving rod for the filter assembly to clean the filter assembly; The structure is simple, and the problem to be solved can be better solved, the structure is non-obvious, and the rod has unexpected technical effects.

The applicant found in the process of actual use that it is more laborious to directly pull out the water guide pipe and then pour out the filter assembly, and the filter assembly is not easy to take out, and in the process of unplugging and inserting the water guide pipe, plugging Friction occurs between the inner wall of the hole and the outside of the water guide pipe, which may cause damage to the water guide pipe, which may easily lead to the rupture of the water guide pipe; after the applicant connects the rod to the filter assembly, the filter assembly can be pulled out directly through the rod , but in the process of pulling out, the outside of the filter assembly and the inside of the water guide pipe will also be scraped. If the water guide pipe is too long, it will be more difficult to pull out the filter assembly, and the operation is more difficult; and it is cleaned by moving the rod up and down The filter assembly, the filter assembly will cause more damage to the inner wall of the water conduit. Therefore, the applicant has made a further improvement: the setting of the water guiding pipe includes: a water guiding outer tube and a sliding inner tube, the sliding inner tube is arranged inside the water guiding outer tube, and the water guiding inner tube can move along the water guiding The outer tube is pulled out and inserted in the length direction; the filter assembly is arranged inside the sliding inner tube, and the steel mesh covers the bottom opening of the sliding inner tube. It should be noted that the sliding inner tube has relatively high strength, and the filter assembly and the sliding inner tube can be fixedly connected. In the process of cleaning the filter assembly, only the sliding inner tube needs to be plugged in, that is, The filter assembly fixed on the sliding inner pipe can be cleaned by using the groundwater in the water guiding outer pipe; those skilled in the art should know that if there is a gap between the inner wall of the water guiding outer pipe and the outer wall of the sliding outer pipe, it will Among them, the damage caused by the sliding outer tube to the water-conducting outer tube is very small and almost negligible. If the outer wall of the sliding inner tube is in contact with the inner wall of the water-conducting outer tube, the contact method is surface contact and is relatively smooth. When the sliding inner pipe is inserted and inserted, the damage to the water guide outer pipe is still very small; it can solve the problem that the water guide pipe is easily damaged or the operation is complicated when replacing the filter assembly or cleaning the filter assembly in the previous solution.

Specifically, the steel mesh is arranged at the bottom opening of the water guide outer pipe. It can prevent large particles from entering between the inner wall of the water guide outer tube and the outer wall of the sliding inner tube, affecting the sliding inner tube insertion and removal, and further avoiding the problem of large particles causing damage to the sliding outer tube when the sliding inner tube is pulled out; the guide The outer water pipe is a spliced structure connected by a three-way plug. The position of the three-way plug is higher than the basement floor. The water guide outer pipe is detachably connected with the three-way plug. Setting the three-way plug can be used as an emergency switch, which can meet the requirements of pressure relief when the groundwater rises rapidly. discharge. In the actual implementation process, the three-way plug is connected near the middle of the water-conducting outer pipe, that is, the water-conducting outer pipe is divided into upper and lower parts; when the top of the sliding inner pipe is higher than the three-way plug When using the three-way plug, the top of the three-way plug is provided with a sealing ring for preventing groundwater from flowing out from between the inner wall of the top of the three-way plug and the outer wall of the sliding inner tube; The top of the tee plug is disassembled, and the sealing ring is set to prevent groundwater from flowing out from the gap between the sliding inner pipe and the water guiding outer pipe; when the height of the sliding inner pipe is lower than the top of the tee plug, the water guiding The inside of the connection between the outer pipe and the three-way plug is provided with a sealing ring for preventing groundwater from flowing out from between the inner wall of the water-conducting outer pipe and the outer wall of the sliding inner pipe. The bottom of the plug is disassembled, and the sealing ring also prevents groundwater from flowing out from the top of the lower water guide pipe without being filtered by the filter assembly; and it should be noted that the height of the sliding inner pipe is not limited, as long as it can Easy to plug and unplug.

The top end of the water guide outer pipe is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes, and the end opening is covered with a sealing plate. The sealing plate is set to prevent foreign matter from falling into the water guide outer pipe, and also prevent groundwater from flowing out from the top opening of the water guide outer pipe. If the vent hole is not provided, a sealing plate is provided on the top of the water guide pipe to prevent foreign objects from Into the conduit, the top is provided with an exhaust hole to balance the air pressure, prevent siphon phenomenon, and facilitate drainage; the end of the water guide outer pipe located above the three-way plug is connected to a drainpipe, and the water outlet end of the drainpipe is connected to the drainpipe. Ditch or catch well alignment. A water level observation point is arranged on the pipe wall of the water guide outer pipe, and the water level observation point is lower than the connection position between the drain pipe and the water guide outer pipe, so as to facilitate observation of drainage conditions. When there are multiple water-guiding outer pipes, the drain pipes of two adjacent water-guiding outer pipes can be connected and communicated, and the inlet end of the drain pipe is higher than its outlet end, that is, the inlet end to the outlet of the drain pipe The end is inclined from top to bottom to speed up the discharge of groundwater.

Furthermore, the filter assembly includes a bag body, a filter filler, and a fixing piece, through which the top of the filter assembly is fixedly connected to the sliding inner tube, the bag is filled with a filter filler, the The bottom of the bag body is located under the sliding inner tube. The top of the bag is connected with a rod, and the top of the rod is rotatably connected with a buoyancy block. The buoyancy block can be waist-shaped or rectangular, and its side is close to and not in contact with the inner wall of the pipe. The bottom flows to the top of the buoyancy block. A limit block is arranged inside the water guiding outer pipe, and the limit block is higher than the buoyancy block; in a natural state, the limit block is spaced apart from the buoyancy block. It should be noted that a part of the bag body is located inside the sliding inner tube, and a part extends from the bottom of the sliding inner tube, which can ensure that groundwater must pass through the sliding inner tube if it wants to be discharged, and must pass through the bag body to enter the sliding inner tube. The filter filler is filtered; and the fixing member only fixes the top of the bag body, which can ensure the flexibility of the shape of the bag body, and the bag body can be made of elastic, wear-resistant rubber material; The sliding inner tube can be made of relatively light plastic material with anti-corrosion properties, and the filter filling can be made of lighter ceramsite, or a mixture of ceramsite and pebbles, and the outer surface of the sliding inner tube is covered with A sealing ring is provided, and the sealing ring is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the sliding inner pipe to prevent groundwater from passing through the gap between the sliding inner pipe and the water guiding outer pipe. The actual use process is as follows: when the groundwater infiltrated into the sliding inner pipe is less, due to the gravity effect of the filter assembly and the sliding inner pipe itself, and the friction between the sealing ring on the sliding inner pipe and the inner wall of the guiding outer pipe, so . Groundwater can enter the inside of the sliding inner tube after being filtered by the filter filler provided in the bag from the bag in the filter assembly, and when the groundwater guided into the outer tube increases, the buoyancy of the groundwater increases, and the buoyancy of the groundwater is greater than that of the filter assembly When the self-weight of the sliding inner tube and the friction force of the sealing ring are overcome, the sliding inner tube will float up under the buoyancy of the groundwater. block; when the groundwater touches the buoyancy block, the groundwater can make the buoyancy block float up, and the buoyancy block drives the bag body to float together with the sliding inner tube. The rods are connected by rotation, the buoyancy block rotates, and the buoyancy force of the groundwater on the buoyancy block suddenly decreases. At this time, the self-gravity of the filter assembly and the sliding inner tube is greater than the friction force of the sealing ring and the buoyancy of the groundwater. At this time, the sliding inner tube descends again. Go back to the bottom of the guide outer pipe. At this time, most of the groundwater is located on the top of the buoyancy block, and the buoyancy block is flattened again. At this time, the drain pipe of the water guide outer pipe is set at a position slightly higher than the limit block. When sliding During the descent of the inner pipe, the groundwater in the pipe can be pressed out of the drain pipe.

Moreover, since the bag body is a flexible and deformable bag body, when the bag body is in contact with the steel mesh at the bottom of the water guide outer tube, the bag body is in a squeezed state, and the outside of the bag body is in a bonded state with the inner wall of the guide outer tube , can make the groundwater completely enter the sliding inner tube, but when the sliding inner tube is separated from the steel mesh under the action of buoyancy, the bag body will naturally deform, the length of the bag body will become longer and the outer diameter will become smaller, and the bag will be filled The filter filling will move irregularly in the bag body, and when the outer diameter of the bag body becomes smaller, the distance between the bag body and the sliding inner tube will become larger, and the bag body itself will move when the sliding inner tube rises or falls. Irregular movement, and when the sliding inner tube descends to a certain depth, there will be a lighter collision when the bag body and the steel mesh re-contact, and the vibration generated by this collision will make it easier for the impurities in the bag body to be cleaned and separated; therefore, this The scheme can use the water in the water guide pipe to backwash the bag body, which can avoid the accumulation of impurities in the bag body to a certain extent and affect the filtering effect of the filter assembly, thereby increasing the service life of the filter assembly; and this scheme can When used in water-rich areas, when the groundwater rises sharply, the lifting period of the sliding inner tube is shorter and the rising speed is faster. The greater the action of the filter filling, the better the cleaning effect of groundwater on the bag body; and it should be noted that most of the impurities washed out of the bag body usually accumulate at the bottom of the sliding inner tube, rather than from the bottom of the sliding inner tube. The drain outlet is discharged, so it has little influence on the effect of the bag body filtering groundwater. In this scheme, the buoyancy block is installed so that the sliding inner tube can rise under the buoyancy of the groundwater, and the buoyancy block is turned over by the limit block. After the buoyancy of the groundwater is released, the sliding inner tube can be lowered; the filter inside the bag during the rising and falling process The filler can move irregularly in the natural state and is continuously washed by groundwater. When the sliding inner tube falls to the bottom, the bag body collides with the steel mesh at the bottom of the water guide outer pipe, and the vibration generated by the collision can make some impurities in the bag body Separated from the filter filling, the structure is simple and does not require additional water pumps and control devices.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. In this plan, a socket is opened in the basement floor, and then the aqueduct is inserted into the socket to be pulled out, and the filter assembly is installed in the aqueduct. With this post-installation method, when the filtration performance of the filter assembly is weakened , the water guide pipe can be pulled out, and the filter assembly can be taken out from the water guide pipe and replaced to ensure the filtering effect of the diversion pressure limiting structure; or the filter assembly can be cleaned by constantly pulling out and inserting the water guide pipe. The problem of fouling of the existing filter layer can be avoided.

2. In this scheme, by setting rods, the rods can play the role of pushing the filter assembly to the bottom of the water pipe, pull out the filter assembly and serve as the driving rod of the filter assembly, so as to realize the filter assembly The role of cleaning.

3. In this solution, the sliding inner tube can be slid in the water guide outer tube, and the filter assembly is fixed on the outside of the sliding inner tube, that is, the filter assembly can be realized by only plugging and inserting the sliding inner tube. Cleaning, and the damage to the outer pipe of the water guide can be reduced to a large extent during the cleaning process.

4. In this plan, the buoyancy block is installed to enable the sliding inner tube to rise under the buoyancy of the groundwater, and the buoyancy block is turned over through the limit block. After the buoyancy of the groundwater is released, the sliding inner tube can be lowered; The filter filling can move irregularly in the natural state and is continuously washed by groundwater. When the sliding inner tube falls to the bottom, the bag body collides with the steel mesh at the bottom of the water guide outer pipe, and the vibration generated by the collision can make the bag body Part of the impurities are separated from the filter filling.

Description of drawings

The drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of the application, and do not limit the embodiments of the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention, wherein this figure is another embodiment.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the water guide outer pipe, the sliding inner pipe and the filter assembly in the present invention, wherein the sliding inner pipe and the filter assembly are in a static state;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the water guide outer pipe, the sliding inner pipe and the filter assembly in the present invention, wherein the sliding inner pipe and the filter assembly are in the action state.

Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

1-holding layer; 2-water guide outer pipe; 21-vent hole; 22-sealing plate; 23-tee plug; 24-inlet end; 3-sliding inner pipe; 4-water level observation point; 5 - drain pipe; 6 - filter assembly; 61 - bag body; 62 - fixing piece; 7 - drainage ditch; 8 - limit block; 9 - buoyancy block;

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples and accompanying drawings. As a limitation of the present invention.

Example 1:

Refer to Figure 2: a basement flow diversion and pressure limiting structure, including: a force-bearing layer 1, a water guide outer pipe 2, a sliding inner pipe 3, a drain pipe 5, and a three-way plug 23. The water guide outer pipe 2 is divided into The two parts are detachably connected to the two passages on the same straight line in the three-way plug 23 respectively, and threaded connection and other methods can be used here, and the sliding inner pipe 3 is arranged inside the water guide outer pipe 2 as a whole , when the bottom end of the sliding inner pipe 3 is flush with the water guide outer pipe 2, its top end is higher than the top of the tee plug 23, the sliding inner pipe 3 can be a steel pipe; the filter assembly 6 is fixedly connected Inside the bottom end of the sliding inner tube 3, the filter assembly 6 is filled with lighter filter materials, such as: lightweight ceramsite. When the thickness of the filter assembly 6 is larger, the filtering effect is better; the water guide The basement floor of the outer pipe 2 is provided with a water-stop steel plate to prevent leakage; the top of the upper water-conducting outer pipe 2 is provided with a plurality of drainage holes, and its top opening is covered with a sealing plate 22, and the lower water-conducting outer pipe The bottom opening of 2 is provided with a steel mesh 12; the channel where the three-way plug 23 is not connected with the water guide outer pipe 2 is provided with a switch that can realize the opening and closing of the channel; one end of the drain pipe 5 is connected to the upper water guide pipe Connected, the outlet at the other end is aligned with the drainage ditch 7 or the water collection well, the drainage pipe 5 is in an inclined or bent state, and the outlet end of the drainage pipe 5 is closer to the drainage ditch 7 or the water collection well; A plurality of water level observation points 4 are arranged on the pipe wall of the pipe 2, and the water level observation points 4 are evenly spaced along the length direction of the water guide outer pipe 2, and the distance between the water level observation points 4 is preferably 20 cm.

Another embodiment is that there are a plurality of jacks on the basement floor, two in this embodiment, and two outer water guide pipes 2 need to be installed at this time, and the drainage of the two outer water guide pipes 2 can be drained. The pipes 5 are connected and communicated. The inlets and outlets of the two drain pipes 5 are installed obliquely from top to bottom, and only one drain is provided. The drain is located at the lowest position of the drain 5, and the drain is connected to the The gutter 7 or the sump are aligned.

The specific use process is as follows: first drill a socket on the basement floor, and then insert the bottom of the water-conducting outer pipe 2 equipped with the sliding inner pipe 3 into the socket; When the opening at the bottom of the water guide pipe 2 penetrates into the water guide outer pipe 2, since the water guide outer pipe 2 is provided with a sliding inner pipe 3, and the outer wall of the sliding inner pipe 3 is in close contact with the inner wall of the water guide outer pipe 2, the groundwater only It can enter the sliding inner pipe 3, and when entering the sliding inner pipe 3, it needs to be filtered by the filter assembly 6 first. When the diversion and pressure limiting structure of this scheme is used for a long time, the small impurities attached to the groundwater are easy to accumulate in the filter assembly 6, and after long-term accumulation, the filter assembly 6 is prone to silting, which makes the groundwater unable to go from bottom to top seepage, and the pressure relief effect is relatively poor; therefore, after the filter assembly 6 has been used for a long time in this scheme, the upper water guide outer pipe 2 and the three-way plug 23 can be disassembled from the top position of the three-way plug 23, At this time, the sliding outer tube leaked out. At this time, the sliding outer tube can be driven by hand to do reciprocating lifting motion and rotating motion in the vertical direction. The faster the lifting speed is, the better the cleaning effect of the filter assembly 6 can be. After cleaning, after cleaning, the upper water guide outer pipe 2 that has been disassembled is reinstalled and can be used again.

The specific embodiments described above have further described the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Protection scope, within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a basement water conservancy diversion pressure limit structure, includes holding power layer (1), aqueduct, has bored the jack on the basement floor, the aqueduct can follow the jack inserts and extracts in holding power layer (1) to the basement bottom plate, its characterized in that: the bottom end of the water guide pipe is a water inlet end (24), a filter assembly (6) is arranged in the water guide pipe, and a steel mesh (12) is arranged at an opening of the water inlet end (24) of the water guide pipe;

the top of the filtering component (6) is connected with a rod piece (10);

the water guide pipe comprises a water guide outer pipe (2) and a sliding inner pipe (3), the sliding inner pipe (3) is arranged inside the water guide outer pipe (2), and the water guide inner pipe can be pulled and inserted along the length direction of the water guide outer pipe (2); the filtering assembly (6) is arranged inside the sliding inner pipe (3), and the steel mesh (12) covers the bottom opening of the sliding inner pipe (3);

the steel mesh (12) is arranged at the bottom opening of the water guide outer pipe (2);

the filter component (6) comprises a bag body (61), filter fillers and a fixing piece (62), wherein the fixing piece (62) is used for fixedly connecting the top of the filter component (6) with the sliding inner pipe (3), the filter fillers are filled in the bag body (61), and the bottom of the bag body (61) is positioned below the sliding inner pipe (3).

2. The basement flow guiding and pressure limiting structure according to claim 1, wherein: the water guide outer pipe (2) is of a splicing structure connected through a tee joint plug (23), the position of the tee joint plug (23) is higher than a basement bottom plate, the tee joint plug (23) can be selectively opened and closed in a channel which is not connected with the water guide outer pipe (2), and the water guide outer pipe (2) is detachably connected with the tee joint plug (23).

3. The basement flow guiding and pressure limiting structure according to claim 2, wherein: the top end of the water guide outer pipe (2) is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes (21) and the end opening is covered with a sealing plate (22).

4. The basement flow guiding and pressure limiting structure according to claim 3, wherein: one end of the water guide outer pipe (2) positioned above the three-way plug (23) is connected with a drain pipe (5); when the number of the water guide outer pipes (2) is multiple, the drain pipes (5) of two adjacent water guide outer pipes (2) can be connected and communicated, and the inlet ends of the drain pipes (5) are higher than the outlet ends of the drain pipes.

5. The basement flow guiding and pressure limiting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the bag body (61) is connected with a rod piece (10), the top end of the rod piece (10) is rotatably connected with a buoyancy block (9), and the circumferential edge of the buoyancy block (9) can be in contact fit with the inner wall of the water guide outer pipe (2) or the inner wall of the sliding inner pipe (3) and is sealed with the water guide pipe.

6. The basement flow guiding and pressure limiting structure according to claim 5, wherein: the water guide outer pipe (2) is internally provided with a limiting block (8), and the limiting block (8) is higher than the buoyancy block (9).

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