CN105622189A - Method for carrying out compost deodorization and producing high nitrogen content organic fertilizer by using composting reactor - Google Patents
Method for carrying out compost deodorization and producing high nitrogen content organic fertilizer by using composting reactor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105622189A CN105622189A CN201610065919.8A CN201610065919A CN105622189A CN 105622189 A CN105622189 A CN 105622189A CN 201610065919 A CN201610065919 A CN 201610065919A CN 105622189 A CN105622189 A CN 105622189A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- compost
- reactor
- fertilizer
- valve
- insulation cladding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for carrying out compost deodorization and producing high nitrogen (high nitrate) content organic fertilizer by using a composting reactor, and uses a composting device of the invention to produce an organic fertilizer. In the process of preparing the organic fertilizer by composting a common material, stink gases such as ammonia gas are introduced into the organic fertilizer for adsorption, the ammonia gas in waste gas is reutilized, the organic fertilizer with higher nitrogen (high nitrate) content is prepared without producing stink gases such as ammonia gas and with good environmental compatibility. The method utilizes waste gas, can prepare the organic fertilizer with high nitrogen (high nitrate) content and has a promising industrial prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one utilizes compost reactor to carry out compost deodorize and the method producing high nitrogen (high nitrate anion) content fertilizer.
Background technology
In agricultural production, chemical fertilizer consumption amount is huge, but is applied to after soil to produce the series reaction such as fixing, decomposition, volatilization due to chemical fertilizer, and the utilization rate causing fertilizer is on the low side, and wherein the utilization rate of nitrogenous fertilizer is only 20��30%. This not only causes the waste of nutrients resource, also results in the series of environmental problems such as soil compaction, secondary salinization, underground water pollution simultaneously. Simultaneously along with socioeconomic development, China all can produce substantial amounts of abandoned biomass every year, and producing various agricultural crop straw per year has more than 800,000,000 ton, feces of livestock and poultry 1,700,000,000 3,000 ten thousand tons, changing food waste 60,000,000 tons, sewage sludge 30,000,000 tons. The current major part of these resources is landfilled or direct burning disposal, causes serious environmental pollution and the wasting of resources.
Aerobic compost is the main method of abandoned biomass minimizing, resource, and the composting production that process produces is rich in humus and certain nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), can as good soil conditioner and organic fertilizer. But, the relatively low organic materials of carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) as: fowl and animal excrement, sewage sludge, rubbish from cooking etc. have substantial amounts of nitrogen loss in aerobic composting process, the ammonia (NH3) wherein volatilized account for the 46.8%��90% of total nitrogen loss, nitrogen is the maximum element needed for plant nutrient, ammonia volatilization in a large number can directly result in the reduction of nitrogen content in composting production, and then affect compost quality, reduce its agricultural use and be worth; Meanwhile, NH3Being the main component of arranged foul smell in the catalytic specie of acid rain and compost, substantial amounts of Ammonia valatilization can pollute to air ambient.
The volatilization controlling ammonia at present mainly has three kinds of modes: one is add high-carbon content compost material to improve carbon-nitrogen ratio; Two is the conditioner adding and can suppressing ammonia volatilization; Three is the ammonia utilizing adsorbing material absorption release. But improving carbon-nitrogen ratio and can reduce the nitrogen content in ripe compost, affect fertilizer efficiency, high carbon-nitrogen ratio can make nitrogen become the limiting factor of growth of microorganism simultaneously; The adsorbing material adding conditioner and routine then improves the production cost of fertilizer; And above procedure adds composting process complexity.
Therefore, the volatilization loss how controlling ammonia in aerobic compost cost-effectively is always up the focus of research both at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at providing a kind of new compost method, solve the problem that in composting process, ammonia volatilizees in a large number, the fertilizer of a kind of high nitrogen-containing is provided simultaneously, increase the utilization ratio of nitrogen in abandoned biomass.
The present invention utilizes compost reactor to carry out compost deodorize and the method producing high nitrogen-containing fertilizer, other is to adopt following composting device to produce fertilizer: include the first reactor and the second reactor, described first reactor includes compost chamber A and insulation cladding A, described compost chamber A is arranged on inside insulation cladding A, a cavity A is formed between compost chamber A lateral wall and insulation cladding A, compost chamber A outer wall is provided with heating tape A, compost chamber A is internal is provided with open support base plate A near bottom position, cavity B is formed bottom described open support base plate A and compost chamber A, described cavity B passes through the first admission line and ft connection, described first admission line is provided with valve A, described second reactor includes compost chamber B and insulation cladding B, described compost chamber B is arranged on inside insulation cladding B, compost chamber B outer wall is provided with heating tape B, compost chamber B is internal is provided with open support base plate B near bottom position, a cavity C is formed bottom described open support base plate B and compost chamber B, described cavity C connects with cavity A top by connecting pipeline, cavity C is also by the second admission line and ft connection, described second admission line is provided with valve B, described insulation cladding B top is provided with outlet pipe, described outlet pipe one end is positioned at inside insulation cladding B, the other end is positioned at outside insulation cladding B.
Wherein, described composting device also includes controller, it is provided with the first temperature sensor inside described compost chamber A, compost chamber A is arranged over the second temperature sensor, it is provided with three-temperature sensor inside described compost chamber B, compost chamber B is arranged over the 4th temperature sensor, and described first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, three-temperature sensor, the 4th temperature sensor, heating tape A and heating tape B are all electrically connected with the controller;
Preferably, described connection pipeline is additionally provided with three-way valve, a port of described three-way valve and atmosphere, two other port of three-way valve be connected pipeline communication; It is electrically connected with the controller it is further preferred that described three-way valve is electrically-controlled valve;
Preferably, described first admission line is additionally provided with gas flowmeter A, described valve A is electrically-controlled valve and has two, two valve A are connected in parallel on the first admission line and are positioned at gas flowmeter A front end, described second admission line is additionally provided with gas flowmeter B, described valve B is electrically-controlled valve and has two, and two valve B are connected in parallel on the second admission line and are positioned at gas flowmeter B front end, and described gas flowmeter A, valve A, gas flowmeter B and valve B are all electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, described outlet pipe is sequentially provided with absorption bottle, cooling tube, condensation water collection bottle and drying tube, equipped with sulphuric acid in described absorption bottle, in absorption bottle, gas piping inlet end is positioned at below liquid level, in absorption bottle, gas piping outlet side is positioned at ullage, described cooling tube is arranged on condensation water collection bottle inlet end, and described drying tube is arranged on condensation water collection bottle outlet side, and drying tube is built with dry silica gel;
It is further preferred that described outlet pipe end is connected in parallel to two outlet pipes, an outlet pipe is provided with ball valve and CO2Detector, another root outlet pipe normal open, CO2Detector is electrically connected with the controller.
Wherein, in described composting device, insulation cladding A and insulation cladding B is double-decker, has gap between two-layer, fills insulating foam in gap;
And/or, described insulation cladding A inside top surface is tilted to edge gradually downward by centre;
And/or, described insulation cladding A interior bottom corners place is provided with condensate collector.
In aforementioned compost method, the technique of compost is as follows:
A number reactor and No. two reactor startup optimization simultaneously;
Wherein, the composting mode of the first reactor is: takes and treats compost material, puts in the first reactor, is warming up to 60 DEG C, then 60 DEG C of constant temperature 3-6 days, it is preferred to 3 days, then is cooled to 35 DEG C, then terminates to compost at 35 DEG C of constant temperature; Period, it is continually fed into air;
The composting mode of the second reactor is: take fertilizer, puts in the second reactor, and it is 35 DEG C that period maintains temperature; Pass into, at compost the last fortnight, the gas that a reactor produces, after two weeks, pass into air.
Preferably, material described in a reactor be in feces of livestock and poultry, changing food waste, agricultural wastes (such as straw), mud one or more; In No. two reactors, fertilizer is the fertilizer that a reactor compost obtains.
Preferably, in a reactor, the water content of described material is 55-72%, it is therefore preferable to 65-72%, more preferably 70-72%; And/or, the C/N of described material is than for 5.6-18, it is preferred to 18.
Preferably, in a reactor, the speed of intensification is 0.5��2 DEG C/h; And/or, described cooling is Temperature fall;
Preferably, a reactor carries out turning in composting process, and wherein, once, turning is once weekly afterwards in first three time turning in every 4 days.
Preferably, in a reactor, described in pass into the amount of air be 0.2��0.4L/min/kg-dry weight, it is preferred to 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight; And/or, the total time of compost is 60 days;
Preferably, in No. two reactors, the total time of compost is 30 days, and the amount passing into air is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight.
Present invention also offers the fertilizer that preceding method prepares, high nitrogen (high nitrate anion) the content fertilizer that the fertilizer prepared including a reactor and No. two reactors obtain.
Fertilizer: be derived from plant and (or) animal, the carbonaceous organic material material become thoroughly decomposed by fermentation, its function is to improve soil fertility, it is provided that plant nutrient, improves crop quality (see organic fertilizer standard (NY525-2012)).
Common material is being carried out in the process that fertilizer prepared by compost by the inventive method, the foul gass such as the ammonia of generation are passed into fertilizer carries out compost again, re-use the ammonia in waste gas, prepare the fertilizer of higher nitrogen (high nitrate anion) content, and not having the foul gass such as ammonia to produce, Environmental compatibility is very good. The inventive method achieves exhaust gas utilization, can prepare the fertilizer of high nitrogen (high nitrate anion) content simultaneously, and prospects for commercial application is good.
Obviously, the foregoing according to the present invention, according to ordinary technical knowledge and the customary means of this area, without departing under the above-mentioned basic fundamental thought premise of the present invention, it is also possible to make the amendment of other various ways, replacement or change.
The detailed description of the invention of form by the following examples, is described in further detail the foregoing of the present invention again. But this should not being interpreted as, the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to Examples below. All technology realized based on foregoing of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of composting device of the present invention. in figure: 1-the first reactor, 2-compost chamber A, 3-insulation cladding A, 4-open support base plate A, 5-cavity A, 6-cavity B, 7-heating tape A, 8-insulating foam, 9-the first temperature sensor, 10-the second temperature sensor, 11-condensate collector, 12-valve A, 13-gas flowmeter A, 14-the first admission line, 15-the second reactor, 16-compost chamber B, 17-insulation cladding B, 18-open support base plate B, 19-cavity C, 20-heating tape B, 21-three-temperature sensor, 22-the 4th temperature sensor, 23-outlet pipe, 24-absorption bottle, 25-cooling tube, 26-condensation water collection bottle, 27-drying tube, 28-dry silica gel, 29-ball valve, 30-CO2 detector, 31-connects pipeline, 32-controller, 33-three-way valve, 34-the second admission line, 35-valve B, 36-gas flowmeter B.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1 compost method of the present invention
1, raw material
Cattle manure, water content is 80%, and C/N ratio is 18, comes from certain dairy cow farm near Shuangliu County.
2, compost method
2.1 pretreatments of raw material
Take cattle manure, squeezing so that it is water content is about 70-72%.
2.2 compost
Composting device is as shown in Figure 1: include the first reactor 1, second reactor 15 and controller 32, first reactor 1 includes compost chamber A2 and insulation cladding A3, compost chamber A2 is arranged on inside insulation cladding A3, the first temperature sensor 9 it is provided with inside compost chamber A2, compost chamber A2 is arranged over the second temperature sensor 10, a cavity A5 is formed between compost chamber A2 lateral wall and insulation cladding A3, compost chamber A2 outer wall is provided with heating tape A7, compost chamber A2 is internal is provided with open support base plate A4 near bottom position, cavity B6 is formed bottom open support base plate A4 and compost chamber A2, cavity B6 passes through the first admission line 14 and ft connection, it is downward that first admission line 14 is positioned at cavity B6 one end mouth of pipe, first admission line 14 is sequentially provided with valve A12 and gas flowmeter A13, valve A12 has two, two valve A12 are connected in parallel on the first admission line 14 and are positioned at gas flowmeter A13 front end, second reactor 15 includes compost chamber B16 and insulation cladding B17, compost chamber B16 is arranged on inside insulation cladding B17, it is provided with three-temperature sensor 21 inside compost chamber B16, compost chamber B16 is arranged over the 4th temperature sensor 22, compost chamber B16 outer wall is provided with heating tape B20, compost chamber B16 is internal is provided with open support base plate B18 near bottom position, a cavity C19 is formed bottom open support base plate B18 and compost chamber B16, cavity C19 connects with cavity A5 top by connecting pipeline 31, one end mouth of pipe that connection pipeline 31 is positioned at cavity C19 is downward, connect and pipeline 31 is additionally provided with three-way valve 33, one port of three-way valve 33 and atmosphere are for aerofluxus, two other port of three-way valve 33 connects with being connected pipeline 31, cavity C19 is also by the second admission line 34 and ft connection, it is downward that second admission line 34 is positioned at cavity C19 one end mouth of pipe, second admission line 34 is sequentially provided with valve B35 and gas flowmeter B36, valve B35 has two, two valve B35 are connected in parallel on the second admission line 34 and are positioned at gas flowmeter B36 front end, insulation cladding B17 top is provided with outlet pipe 23, outlet pipe 23 one end is positioned at inside insulation cladding B17, the other end is positioned at outside insulation cladding B17, it is positioned on the outlet pipe 23 outside insulation cladding B17 and is sequentially provided with absorption bottle 24, cooling tube 25, condensation water collection bottle 26 and drying tube 27, equipped with sulphuric acid in absorption bottle 24, in absorption bottle 24, gas piping inlet end is positioned at below liquid level, in absorption bottle 24, gas piping outlet side is positioned at ullage, cooling tube 25 is arranged on condensation water collection bottle 26 inlet end, drying tube 27 is arranged on condensation water collection bottle 26 outlet side, drying tube 27 is built with dry silica gel 28, outlet pipe 23 end is connected in parallel to two outlet pipes, a piece outlet pipe is provided with ball valve 29 and CO2 detector 30, another root outlet pipe normal open.
Insulation cladding A3 and insulation cladding B17 is double-decker, has gap between two-layer, fills insulating foam 8 in gap.
Insulation cladding A3 inside top surface is tilted to edge gradually downward by centre, and insulation cladding A3 interior bottom corners place is provided with condensate collector 11.
Valve A12, valve B35 and three-way valve 33 are electrically-controlled valve and electrically connect with controller 32.
Gas flowmeter A13, gas flowmeter B36, heating tape A7, heating tape B20, first temperature sensor the 9, second temperature sensor 10, three-temperature sensor the 21, the 4th temperature sensor 22 and CO2 detector 30 all electrically connect with controller 32.
The method of operation:
A number reactor and No. two reactor startup optimization simultaneously, after starting 30 days, a reactor continues compost, and No. two reactors stop compost.
Aerobic compost (totally 60 days) in a number reactor:
(1) feed intake: take pretreated material: cattle manure, put in the first reactor, amount is reactor volume the 70% of input.
(2) composting process:
One grade fermemtation: after feeding intake, in compost chamber, heap temperature gradually rises and is 60 DEG C to temperature (arranging programming rate is 0.5 DEG C/h, it is heated with heating tape when programming rate is lower than 0.5 DEG C/h), air inflow (gas passed into is air) is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight the dry weight of material of input (this dry weight refer to); Temperature (60 DEG C) in maintenance compost chamber 3 days, air inflow is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight;
Second order fermentation: one grade fermemtation is naturally cooling in compost chamber temperature after terminating is 35 DEG C, air inflow is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight; Maintaining the temperature (35 DEG C) in compost chamber, air inflow is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight.
Turning: once, turning is once weekly afterwards in first three time turning in every 4 days.
The compost time is 60 days, obtains fertilizer.
Aerobic compost (30 days) in No. two reactors:
(1) feed intake: being placed in the second reactor by the fertilizer that commercially available fertilizer or first time aerobic compost obtain after processing, input amount is identical with a reactor feedstocks volume.
(2) composting process:
Temperature controls: whole process temperature is constant is 35 DEG C.
The gas passed into controls: passed in No. two reactors by expellant gas in an aerobic compost reactor, utilizes fertilizer to adsorb the NH that an aerobic compost reactor produces3��H2S��CH4Deng foul gas; After two weeks, stopping passing into expellant gas in a reactor, change into and pass into air in No. two reactors, intake is 0.2L/min/kg-raw material dry weight (this dry weight is the dry weight of fertilizer put into), until compost terminates;
The compost time is 30 days, obtains the fertilizer of high nitrogen-containing.
Under normal circumstances, during first time compost, No. two reactors put into commercially available fertilizer (e.g., the fertilizer of Sichuan Kai Erfeng agricultural science and technology company limited), afterwards, No. two reactors all use the fertilizer that a reactor produces.
3, detection method
Ammonia valatilization amount: by measuring the NH in sulfuric acid solution4 +Concentration is determined, NH4 +Concentration cation chromatography analysis-e/or determining;
Nitrate concentration: by measuring the NO in sample water extracting solution3 -Concentration is determined, NO3 -Concentration anion chromatographic analysis-e/or determining;
Total nitrogen loss rate: utilize elemental analyser to measure the N element content in a reactor and No. two reactor Raws and the N element content in fertilizer after compost respectively, both differences (in two reactor feedstocks nitrogen amount of element-compost terminate after nitrogen amount of element in two reactor fertilizers) i.e. nitrogen element loss.
4, testing result
(1) Ammonia valatilization amount
0g (is namely not detected by NH in sulfuric acid solution4 +). (the compost time of No. two reactors is 30 days)
(2) nitrate concentration
In a number reactor, the nitrate concentration of the fertilizer that aerobic compost obtains is 15511.6mg/kg-dry weight;
Being placed in No. two reactors by the compost that above-mentioned nitrate concentration is 15511.6mg/kg-dry weight obtained in a reactor, after second time compost, the nitrate concentration of the fertilizer obtained is 22,793.7mg/kg-dry weights.
Result of the test explanation, in No. two reactors, the ammonia (usual immature compost can produce ammonia) produced in compost early stage by a number reactor passes into the mode carrying out again compost in fertilizer, it is possible to ammonia is again converted to nitrate anion, turns waste into wealth.
(3) total nitrogen loss rate
2%.
Result of the test illustrates, adopts the inventive method compost, and ammonia will not evaporate in air, and total nitrogen loss rate is low, the fertilizer nitrate radical content prepared up to tens thousand of mg/kg-dry weights, quality better, and without NH3��H2S��CH4Producing Deng foul gas, Environmental compatibility is good.
Embodiment 2 compost method of the present invention
1, raw material
Chicken manure, water content is 78.2%, and C/N ratio is 7.5, comes from certain breeding layer chicken field near Shuangliu County.
2, compost method
2.1 pretreatments of raw material
Take chicken manure, squeezing so that it is water content is about 70-72%.
2.2 compost
Composting device is with embodiment 1.
The method of operation:
A number reactor and No. two reactor startup optimization simultaneously, after starting 30 days, a reactor continues compost, and No. two reactors stop compost.
Aerobic compost (totally 60 days) in a number reactor:
(1) feed intake: take pretreated material: chicken manure, put in the first reactor, amount is reactor volume the 70% of input.
(2) composting process:
One grade fermemtation: after feeding intake, in compost chamber, heap temperature gradually rises and is 60 DEG C to temperature (arranging programming rate is 2 DEG C/h, it is heated with heating tape when programming rate is lower than 2 DEG C/h), air inflow (gas passed into is air) is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight the dry weight of material of input (this dry weight refer to); Temperature (60 DEG C) in maintenance compost chamber 3 days, air inflow is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight;
Second order fermentation: one grade fermemtation is naturally cooling in compost chamber temperature after terminating is 35 DEG C, air inflow is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight; Maintaining the temperature (35 DEG C) in compost chamber, air inflow is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight.
Turning: once, turning is once weekly afterwards in first three time turning in every 4 days;
The compost time is 60 days, obtains fertilizer.
Aerobic compost (30 days) in No. two reactors:
(1) feed intake: being placed in the second reactor by the fertilizer that commercially available fertilizer or first time aerobic compost obtain after processing, input amount is identical with a reactor feedstocks volume;
(2) composting process:
Temperature controls: whole process temperature is constant is 35 DEG C.
The gas passed into controls: passed in No. two reactors by expellant gas in an aerobic compost reactor, utilizes fertilizer to adsorb the NH that an aerobic compost reactor produces3��H2S��CH4Deng foul gas; After two weeks, stopping passing into expellant gas in a reactor, change into and pass into air in No. two reactors, intake is 0.2L/min/kg-raw material dry weight (this dry weight is the dry weight of fertilizer put into), until compost terminates.
The compost time is 30 days, obtains the fertilizer of high nitrogen-containing.
Under normal circumstances, during first time compost, No. two reactors put into commercially available fertilizer (e.g., the fertilizer of Sichuan Kai Erfeng agricultural science and technology company limited), afterwards, No. two reactors all use the fertilizer that a reactor produces.
3, detection method
With embodiment 1.
4, testing result
(1) Ammonia valatilization amount
0g (is namely not detected by NH in sulfuric acid solution4 +)��
(2) nitrate concentration
In a number reactor, the nitrate concentration of the fertilizer that aerobic compost obtains is 15234.2mg/kg-dry weight;
Being placed in No. two reactors by the compost that above-mentioned nitrate concentration is 15234.2mg/kg-dry weight obtained in a reactor, after second time compost, the nitrate concentration of the fertilizer obtained is 25,325.3mg/kg-dry weights.
Result of the test explanation, in No. two reactors, the ammonia (usual immature compost can produce ammonia) produced in compost early stage by a number reactor passes into the mode carrying out again compost in fertilizer, it is possible to ammonia is again converted to nitrate anion, turns waste into wealth.
(3) total nitrogen loss rate
3.1%.
Result of the test illustrates, adopts the inventive method compost, and ammonia will not evaporate in air, and total nitrogen loss rate is low, the fertilizer nitrate radical content prepared up to tens thousand of mg/kg-dry weights, quality better, and without ammonia, H2S��CH4Producing Deng foul gas, Environmental compatibility is good.
Embodiment 3 compost method of the present invention
1, raw material
Anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes mud, water content is 77.8%, and C/N ratio is 10.5, comes from air harbor, Shuangliu County changing food waste into resources and utilizes company. Wood flour moisture 11.9%, C/N ratio is 343.2, comes from Shuangliu County periphery wood-working factory; Fertilizer, moisture 24.6%, C/N ratio is 15.3, and market is bought.
2, compost method
2.1 pretreatments of raw material
Taking anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes mud, wood flour and fertilizer, after mixing by weight in wet base 10:1:1, mixture moisture is 65%, and C/N ratio is 12.2.
2.2 compost
Composting device is with embodiment 1.
The method of operation:
A number reactor and No. two reactor startup optimization simultaneously, after starting 30 days, a reactor continues compost, and No. two reactors stop compost.
Aerobic compost (totally 60 days) in a number reactor:
(1) feeding intake: take pretreated material: the mixture of anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes mud, wood flour and fertilizer, put in the first reactor, input amount is identical with a reactor feedstocks volume.
(2) composting process:
One grade fermemtation: after feeding intake, in compost chamber, heap temperature gradually rises and is 60 DEG C to temperature (arranging programming rate is 2 DEG C/h, it is heated with heating tape when programming rate is lower than 2 DEG C/h), air inflow (gas passed into is air) is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight the dry weight of material of input (this dry weight refer to); Temperature (60 DEG C) in maintenance compost chamber 3 days, air inflow is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight;
Second order fermentation: one grade fermemtation is naturally cooling in compost chamber temperature after terminating is 35 DEG C, air inflow is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight; Maintaining the temperature (35 DEG C) in compost chamber, air inflow is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight.
Turning: once, turning is once weekly afterwards in first three time turning in every 4 days;
The compost time is 60 days, obtains fertilizer.
Aerobic compost (30 days) in No. two reactors:
(1) feed intake: will commercially available fertilizer or first time aerobic compost process after the fertilizer that obtains, 70% that the amount being placed in the second reactor to put into is reactor volume;
Meanwhile, by pretreated material, put in the first reactor, carry out first time aerobic compost according to the mode of aforementioned first time aerobic compost.
(2) composting process:
Temperature controls:
Whole process temperature is constant is 35 DEG C.
The gas passed into controls:
Expellant gas in a number aerobic compost reactor is passed in No. two reactors, utilizes fertilizer to adsorb the NH that an aerobic compost reactor produces3��H2S��CH4Deng foul gas;
After two weeks, stopping passing into expellant gas in a reactor, change into and pass into air in No. two reactors, intake is 0.2L/min/kg-raw material dry weight (this dry weight is the dry weight of fertilizer put into), until compost terminates;
The compost time is 30 days, obtains the fertilizer of high nitrogen-containing.
Under normal circumstances, during first time compost, No. two reactors put into commercially available fertilizer (e.g., the fertilizer of Sichuan Kai Erfeng agricultural science and technology company limited), afterwards, No. two reactors all use the fertilizer that a reactor produces.
3, detection method
With embodiment 1.
4, testing result
(1) Ammonia valatilization amount
0g (is namely not detected by NH in sulfuric acid solution4 +)��
(2) nitrate concentration
In a number reactor, the nitrate concentration of the fertilizer that aerobic compost obtains is 8532.1mg/kg-dry weight;
Being placed in No. two reactors by the compost that above-mentioned nitrate concentration is 8532.1mg/kg-dry weight obtained in a reactor, after second time compost, the nitrate concentration of the fertilizer obtained is 15,267.3mg/kg-dry weights.
Result of the test explanation, in No. two reactors, the ammonia (usual immature compost can produce ammonia) produced in compost early stage by a number reactor passes into the mode carrying out again compost in fertilizer, it is possible to ammonia is again converted to nitrate anion, turns waste into wealth.
(3) total nitrogen loss rate
2.2%.
Result of the test illustrates, adopts the inventive method compost, and ammonia will not evaporate in air, and total nitrogen loss rate is low, the fertilizer nitrate radical content prepared up to tens thousand of mg/kg-dry weights, quality better, and without ammonia, H2S��CH4Producing Deng foul gas, Environmental compatibility is good.
Embodiment 4 compost method of the present invention
1, raw material
Thickened sludge, water content is 79.3%, and C/N ratio is 5.6, comes from air harbor, Shuangliu County sewage treatment plant.
2, compost method
2.1 pretreatments of raw material
Take thickened sludge, squeezing so that it is water content is about 70-72%.
2.2 compost
Composting device is with embodiment 1.
The method of operation:
A number reactor and No. two reactor startup optimization simultaneously, after starting 30 days, a reactor continues compost, and No. two reactors stop compost.
First time aerobic compost (totally 60 days):
(1) feeding intake: take pretreated material: thickened sludge, put in the first reactor, input amount is identical with a reactor feedstocks volume.
(2) composting process:
One grade fermemtation: after feeding intake, in compost chamber, heap temperature gradually rises and is 60 DEG C to temperature (arranging programming rate is 2 DEG C/h, it is heated with heating tape when programming rate is lower than 2 DEG C/h), air inflow (gas passed into is air) is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight the dry weight of material of input (this dry weight refer to); Temperature (60 DEG C) in maintenance compost chamber 3 days, air inflow is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight;
Second order fermentation: one grade fermemtation is naturally cooling in compost chamber temperature after terminating is 35 DEG C, air inflow is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight; Maintaining the temperature (35 DEG C) in compost chamber, air inflow is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight.
Turning: once, turning is once weekly afterwards in first three time turning in every 4 days;
The compost time is 60 days, obtains fertilizer.
Second time aerobic compost (30 days):
(1) feed intake: the fertilizer that commercially available fertilizer or first time aerobic compost obtain after processing is placed in the second reactor, amount is reactor volume the 70% of input;
Meanwhile, by pretreated material, put in the first reactor, carry out first time aerobic compost according to the mode of aforementioned first time aerobic compost.
(2) composting process:
Temperature controls: whole process temperature is constant is 35 DEG C.
The gas passed into controls: passed in No. two reactors by expellant gas in an aerobic compost reactor, utilizes fertilizer to adsorb the ammonia of an aerobic compost reactor generation, H2S��CH4Deng foul gas; After two weeks, stopping passing into expellant gas in a reactor, change into and pass into air in No. two reactors, intake is 0.2L/min/kg-raw material dry weight (this dry weight is the dry weight of fertilizer put into), until compost terminates;
The compost time is 30 days, obtains the fertilizer of high nitrogen-containing.
Under normal circumstances, during first time compost, No. two reactors put into commercially available fertilizer (e.g., the fertilizer of Sichuan Kai Erfeng agricultural science and technology company limited), afterwards, No. two reactors all use the fertilizer that a reactor produces.
3, detection method
With embodiment 1.
4, testing result
(1) Ammonia valatilization amount
0g (is namely not detected by NH in sulfuric acid solution4 +)��
(2) nitrate concentration
In a number reactor, the nitrate concentration of the fertilizer that aerobic compost obtains is 17325.7mg/kg-dry weight;
Being placed in No. two reactors by the compost that above-mentioned nitrate concentration is 17325.7mg/kg-dry weight obtained in a reactor, after second time compost, the nitrate concentration of the fertilizer obtained is 21,627.6mg/kg-dry weights.
Result of the test explanation, in No. two reactors, the ammonia (usual immature compost can produce ammonia) produced in compost early stage by a number reactor passes into the mode carrying out again compost in fertilizer, it is possible to ammonia is again converted to nitrate anion, turns waste into wealth.
(3) total nitrogen loss rate
3.5%.
Result of the test illustrates, adopts the inventive method compost, and ammonia will not evaporate in air, and total nitrogen loss rate is low, the fertilizer nitrate radical content prepared up to tens thousand of mg/kg-dry weights, quality better, and without ammonia, H2S��CH4Producing Deng foul gas, Environmental compatibility is good.
To sum up, compost method of the present invention can prepare the fertilizer of high nitrate concentration, and the total nitrogen loss rate in composting process is low, also without ammonia, H2S��CH4Producing Deng foul gas, Environmental compatibility is good, and prospects for commercial application is good.
Claims (10)
1. one kind utilizes compost reactor to carry out compost deodorize and the method producing high nitrogen-containing fertilizer, it is characterized in that: it is to adopt following composting device to produce fertilizer: include the first reactor and the second reactor, described first reactor includes compost chamber A and insulation cladding A, described compost chamber A is arranged on inside insulation cladding A, a cavity A is formed between compost chamber A lateral wall and insulation cladding A, compost chamber A outer wall is provided with heating tape A, compost chamber A is internal is provided with open support base plate A near bottom position, cavity B is formed bottom described open support base plate A and compost chamber A, described cavity B passes through the first admission line and ft connection, described first admission line is provided with valve A, described second reactor includes compost chamber B and insulation cladding B, described compost chamber B is arranged on inside insulation cladding B, compost chamber B outer wall is provided with heating tape B, compost chamber B is internal is provided with open support base plate B near bottom position, a cavity C is formed bottom described open support base plate B and compost chamber B, described cavity C connects with cavity A top by connecting pipeline, cavity C is also by the second admission line and ft connection, described second admission line is provided with valve B, described insulation cladding B top is provided with outlet pipe, described outlet pipe one end is positioned at inside insulation cladding B, the other end is positioned at outside insulation cladding B.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described composting device also includes controller, it is provided with the first temperature sensor inside described compost chamber A, compost chamber A is arranged over the second temperature sensor, it is provided with three-temperature sensor inside described compost chamber B, compost chamber B is arranged over the 4th temperature sensor, and described first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, three-temperature sensor, the 4th temperature sensor, heating tape A and heating tape B are all electrically connected with the controller;
Preferably, described connection pipeline is additionally provided with three-way valve, a port of described three-way valve and atmosphere, two other port of three-way valve be connected pipeline communication; It is electrically connected with the controller it is further preferred that described three-way valve is electrically-controlled valve;
Preferably, described first admission line is additionally provided with gas flowmeter A, described valve A is electrically-controlled valve and has two, two valve A are connected in parallel on the first admission line and are positioned at gas flowmeter A front end, described second admission line is additionally provided with gas flowmeter B, described valve B is electrically-controlled valve and has two, and two valve B are connected in parallel on the second admission line and are positioned at gas flowmeter B front end, and described gas flowmeter A, valve A, gas flowmeter B and valve B are all electrically connected with the controller.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described outlet pipe is sequentially provided with absorption bottle, cooling tube, condensation water collection bottle and drying tube, equipped with sulphuric acid in described absorption bottle, in absorption bottle, gas piping inlet end is positioned at below liquid level, in absorption bottle, gas piping outlet side is positioned at ullage, described cooling tube is arranged on condensation water collection bottle inlet end, and described drying tube is arranged on condensation water collection bottle outlet side, and drying tube is built with dry silica gel;
Preferably, described outlet pipe end is connected in parallel to two outlet pipes, and an outlet pipe is provided with ball valve and CO2Detector, another root outlet pipe normal open, CO2Detector is electrically connected with the controller.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described composting device, insulation cladding A and insulation cladding B is double-decker, has gap between two-layer, fills insulating foam in gap;
And/or, described insulation cladding A inside top surface is tilted to edge gradually downward by centre;
And/or, described insulation cladding A interior bottom corners place is provided with condensate collector.
5. the method according to Claims 1 to 4 any one, it is characterised in that: the technique of described compost is as follows:
A number reactor and No. two reactor startup optimization simultaneously;
Wherein, the composting mode of the first reactor is: takes and treats compost material, puts in the first reactor, is warming up to 60 DEG C, then 60 DEG C of constant temperature 3-6 days, it is preferred to 3 days, then is cooled to 35 DEG C, then terminates to compost at 35 DEG C of constant temperature; Period, it is continually fed into air;
The composting mode of the second reactor is: take fertilizer, puts in the second reactor, and it is 35 DEG C that period maintains temperature; Pass into, at compost the last fortnight, the gas that a reactor produces, after two weeks, pass into air.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: material described in a reactor be in feces of livestock and poultry, changing food waste, agricultural wastes (such as straw), mud one or more; In No. two reactors, fertilizer is the fertilizer or commercial goods fertilizer that utilize a reactor compost to obtain.
7. the method according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that: in a reactor, the water content of described material is 55-72%, it is therefore preferable to 65-72%, more preferably 70-72%; And/or, the C/N of described material is than for 5.6-18, it is preferred to 18.
8. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in a reactor, the speed of intensification is 0.5��2 DEG C/h; And/or, described cooling is Temperature fall;
And/or, a reactor carries out turning in composting process, and wherein, once, turning is once weekly afterwards in first three time turning in every 4 days.
9. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in a reactor, described in pass into the amount of air be 0.2��0.4L/min/kg-dry weight, it is preferred to 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight; And/or, the total time of compost is 60 days;
And/or, in No. two reactors, the total time of compost is 30 days, and the amount passing into air is 0.2L/min/kg-dry weight.
10. the fertilizer that method described in claim 1��9 any one prepares.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610065919.8A CN105622189B (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2016-01-29 | Method for deodorizing compost and producing high-nitrogen-content organic fertilizer by using compost reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610065919.8A CN105622189B (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2016-01-29 | Method for deodorizing compost and producing high-nitrogen-content organic fertilizer by using compost reactor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105622189A true CN105622189A (en) | 2016-06-01 |
| CN105622189B CN105622189B (en) | 2020-04-07 |
Family
ID=56037585
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610065919.8A Active CN105622189B (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2016-01-29 | Method for deodorizing compost and producing high-nitrogen-content organic fertilizer by using compost reactor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105622189B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108484254A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-04 | 东北农业大学 | It is a kind of to reduce the compost method of antibiotic and nitrogen loss in compost using ammoxidation joint denitrifying bacteria |
| CN113135781A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Efficient composting and nitrogen-preserving method for mixed fermentation of straw, kitchen waste and excrement and compost processor |
| CN115521170A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-12-27 | 北京四良科技有限公司 | But waste gas recovery utilizes's automatic fermentation system |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102070158A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-05-25 | 华南农业大学 | Method and system for recycling compost volatile ammonia |
| CN202881121U (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-04-17 | 南开大学 | Tester for producing organic complex fertilizer |
| CN103708868A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-09 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Aerobic composting device |
| CN203558984U (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2014-04-23 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | System applicable to recycling of volatile ammonia of livestock manure compost |
| CN204400851U (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-06-17 | 新疆维吾尔自治区环境保护科学研究院 | Composting device |
| CN105174430A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-23 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Self-heating cold-operation artificial wetland purification plant and purification method |
-
2016
- 2016-01-29 CN CN201610065919.8A patent/CN105622189B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102070158A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-05-25 | 华南农业大学 | Method and system for recycling compost volatile ammonia |
| CN202881121U (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-04-17 | 南开大学 | Tester for producing organic complex fertilizer |
| CN203558984U (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2014-04-23 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | System applicable to recycling of volatile ammonia of livestock manure compost |
| CN103708868A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-09 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Aerobic composting device |
| CN204400851U (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-06-17 | 新疆维吾尔自治区环境保护科学研究院 | Composting device |
| CN105174430A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-23 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Self-heating cold-operation artificial wetland purification plant and purification method |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108484254A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-04 | 东北农业大学 | It is a kind of to reduce the compost method of antibiotic and nitrogen loss in compost using ammoxidation joint denitrifying bacteria |
| CN113135781A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Efficient composting and nitrogen-preserving method for mixed fermentation of straw, kitchen waste and excrement and compost processor |
| CN115521170A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-12-27 | 北京四良科技有限公司 | But waste gas recovery utilizes's automatic fermentation system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105622189B (en) | 2020-04-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Mengqi et al. | Comprehensive review on agricultural waste utilization and high-temperature fermentation and composting | |
| CN104150987B (en) | A kind of method of animal waste recycling | |
| Senbayram et al. | N2O emission and the N2O/(N2O+ N2) product ratio of denitrification as controlled by available carbon substrates and nitrate concentrations | |
| CN112608171A (en) | Method for treating organic waste by closed fermentation bin | |
| NL2004145C2 (en) | Method and installation for dephosphorising manure and/or biomass. | |
| CN110407424A (en) | A kind of dystopy fermentation bed processing animals and plants waste method | |
| Aremu et al. | Comparison of Biogas production from Cow dung and Pig dung under Mesophilic condition | |
| CN103664257B (en) | Preparation method of biogas slurry cured organic fertilizer | |
| CN101830745A (en) | Device and method for simulating aerobic composting process | |
| CN103073341B (en) | Emission reduction method of nitrous oxide during composting | |
| CN103626538A (en) | Trench type composting method for treating breeding sewage and solid wastes simultaneously | |
| CN107056552A (en) | A kind of utilization excess sludge and agriculture and forestry organic waste material prepare the device of fertilizer | |
| CN109650957A (en) | A kind of superhigh temperature pretreatment compost method reducing nitrogen gas loss | |
| CN105622189A (en) | Method for carrying out compost deodorization and producing high nitrogen content organic fertilizer by using composting reactor | |
| CN110606774A (en) | Process for synergistic utilization of agricultural and livestock wastes and household garbage and heavy metal control | |
| CN102649647B (en) | Method for rapid composting by combining sludge of different types | |
| CN105315017A (en) | Method for preparing solid organic carbon fertilizer with livestock breeding waste being raw material | |
| CN105503283B (en) | Method for producing high-nitrate-concentration organic fertilizer by utilizing composting reactor | |
| CN209652190U (en) | The fermentation of stalk waste takes thermal | |
| Lili et al. | Optimization of raw material composition in an agricultural biogas plant | |
| CN104557176A (en) | Process for performing aerobic fermentation on bio-drying traditional Chinese medicine residues and sludge | |
| CN114736933B (en) | Method for preparing biogas by promoting anaerobic co-fermentation of livestock manure straw by adding diatomite | |
| CN109095957A (en) | A kind of cow dung waste residue biological compost method | |
| CN105367330A (en) | Long-acting carbon-reducing soil restoration fertilizer | |
| CN109337810A (en) | A kind of solid aerobic fermentation system and method for automatic control |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |