CN105618908B - A kind of automatic welding gun for realizing T-shaped weldering nail electric arc stud welding - Google Patents

A kind of automatic welding gun for realizing T-shaped weldering nail electric arc stud welding Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105618908B
CN105618908B CN201610195248.7A CN201610195248A CN105618908B CN 105618908 B CN105618908 B CN 105618908B CN 201610195248 A CN201610195248 A CN 201610195248A CN 105618908 B CN105618908 B CN 105618908B
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weldering nail
welding gun
shaped
welding
automatic welding
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CN105618908A (en
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胡长建
邓显红
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/24Features related to electrodes
    • B23K9/28Supporting devices for electrodes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/20Stud welding

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Welding (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of automatic welding gun for realizing T-shaped weldering nail electric arc stud welding, and it includes torch body, and the torch body includes the drive mechanism that housing, main shaft, weldering nail clip head and driving shaft body move up and down;Guide pillar is provided with the both sides of the housing, guide pin bushing is provided with the upper and lower part of every side body, it is located in per side guide pillar in the upper and lower guide pin bushing of homonymy, and it is arranged with spring on the guide pillar between upper and lower guide pin bushing, limited block is provided with the lower end of the spring, fixed seat is fixedly connected with the lower end of two side guide pillars, in the fixed seat, the perforation for being arranged right below passing through for welding nail clip head of weldering nail clip head, ceramic ring chuck is fixedly connected with the underface of the bottom of the fixed seat, perforation.Welding gun of the present invention realizes automatic clamping and the disengaging of T-shaped weldering nail and ceramic ring first, and robot or triaxial movement platform can be coordinated to use, and realizes the automatic electric arc stud welding of T-shaped weldering nail.

Description

A kind of automatic welding gun for realizing T-shaped weldering nail electric arc stud welding
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic welding gun for electric arc stud welding, is to be related to one kind to realize T-shaped weldering nail electricity specifically The automatic welding gun of arc arc stud welding, belong to stud welding apparatus technical field.
Background technology
Electric arc stud welding is using welding arc as thermal source, using ceramic ring as safeguard measure, with stud sheet as electrode, passes through weldering Connect electric arc and burnt steadily between stud and weldment (plate or pipe fitting), be heated in weldment weld zone and form molten bath, stud After end forms melting zone, stud inserts molten bath at a high speed in the presence of the mechanical pressures such as welding gun, and liquid metal is squeezed into In the grooving of ceramic ring, so as to formed the high speed of joint plant soldering method, be widely used in skyscraper, bridge, chemical industry stove and The plant nail technology of cut deal when the large scale structures such as shipbuilding are built.
Steel construction, " steel-concrete " knot of T-shaped weldering nail (also referred to as socket cap weldering nail) in building and bridge construction are built Largely used as shear connector (also referred to as shear connector) in structure, planted using arc stud soldering method and be welded in girder steel, steel column Etc. in structure.One engineering (a building skyscraper or a bridge block) needs to plant the T-shaped weldering nail of tens thousand of or even hundreds thousand of of weldering.According to system Meter, the year welding capacity of the T-shaped weldering nail of Japan is 60,000,000, and the annual requirement of the T-shaped weldering nail of China's steel building is tens million of It is individual.
And T-shaped weldering nail and the welding gun of protection ceramic ring gripping are realized at present and is generally comprised:The welding gun housing of injection molding, weldering nail The main shaft driving structure and ceramic ring chuck, the ceramic ring chuck that chuck and driving weldering nail clip head move up and down are provided with card The pressing plate of groove, the pressing plate are fixed on the lower end of two support bars, and the support bar is separately fixed at the both sides of welding gun housing.Spiral shell When post welds operation, it then can only manually push welding gun by manually binding T-shaped weldering into weldering nail clip head, make the neck on pressing plate It is connected in ceramic ring, so as to realize the gripping of welding gun butt welding nail and ceramic ring, this manual manipulation mode, not only productivity ratio is low, often Minute can only weld 6 or so, and yield rate is low, and certain potential safety hazard to operating personnel be present, it is impossible to which it is current right to meet Realize the demand of T-shaped weldering nail automatic stud weldering.
In addition, the main shaft driving structure of existing arc stud welding gun has electromagnet-spring structure and line motor to drag Dynamic structure, electromagnet-spring structure therein is current common structure, is set successively to tail in the past in the cavity of welding gun housing Main shaft, dynamic iron core and the fixed cover for being internally provided with coil are put, main shaft is connected to one with dynamic iron core head and the tail, main shaft Body front end is connected with to install the integral type base of the carrier head of stud, and axle sleeve is fixedly installed in the cavity of welding gun housing, main Axis body is located in axle sleeve and can slid axially in axle sleeve.The main shaft being provided with the cavity of welding gun housing after making striking The spring that body resets, the both ends of spring are born against between the outward flange and fixed cover of main shaft.The tail end of dynamic iron core is from admittedly Surely front end is covered to insert and can slide axially in fixed cover, static iron core inserts from fixed cover tail end and is arranged on fixed cover tail end, Gap is left between dynamic iron core and static iron core, the gap is referred to as lifting gap.Weldering is made by electromagnet and spring alternation Connect stud and complete " lifting-whereabouts " action.Following major defect be present in above-mentioned driving structure:(1) in actual use, by In the presence of the factors such as the thermal deformation of mismachining tolerance, alignment error and welding gun housing, the concentric of axle sleeve and fixed cover can be caused Degree is not high, so that resistance increases when main shaft and dynamic iron core that head and the tail are connected to one are axially moved, considerably increases Wear extent between main shaft and axle sleeve and dynamic iron core and fixed cover so that the service life of welding gun is very short, can only typically make With half a year, at most use 1 year;(2) easily cause dynamic iron core stuck in fixed cover or dynamic iron core can not be inserted into fixed cover It is interior, so as to which the axial movement of main shaft, the phenomenon for causing welding job not to be normally carried out can not be realized;(3) when the reality of stud When border length is above standard, stud is by main shaft compression spring and caudad slides, and can make carrying between dynamic iron core and static iron core Rise gap diminish so that welding striking when striking Distance Shortened, easily occur can not striking phenomenon, greatly reduce weldering The qualification rate connect, welding efficiency reduce.Further, since the power source of line motor dragging structure is the accurate control of microprocessor Linear motor, not only complicated, operation requires high, and cost is high, and operator can not be repaired in welding scene, no Requirement suitable for severe operating environment.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind can realize T-shaped weldering nail electric arc The automatic welding gun of arc stud welding, to meet the needs of automatic electric arc stud welding is followed closely in T-shaped weldering.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of automatic welding gun for realizing T-shaped weldering nail electric arc stud welding, including torch body, the torch body include shell Body, main shaft and be arranged on main shaft front end installing the weldering nail clip head of weldering nail and the drive that moves up and down of driving shaft body Motivation structure;It is characterized in that:Guide pillar is provided with the both sides of the housing, is arranged with guide pin bushing in the upper and lower part of every side body, often Side guide pillar is located in the upper and lower guide pin bushing of homonymy, and is arranged with spring on the guide pillar between upper and lower guide pin bushing, The lower end of the spring is provided with limited block, and fixed seat is fixedly connected with the lower end of two side guide pillars, in the fixed seat, weldering nail The perforation for being arranged right below passing through for welding nail clip head of chuck, consolidate in the underface of the bottom of the fixed seat, perforation Surely it is connected with ceramic ring chuck.
As a kind of embodiment, the ceramic ring chuck is circumferentially distributed by several flexure strips to be formed, each bullet Property piece it is L-shaped, by all L-shaped flexure strips long-armed formed cavity diameter value be more than weldering nail clip head maximum outside diameter value.
Preferably, the galianconism end of each L-shaped flexure strip is sequentially provided with from bottom to top imports inclined-plane, locating surface With export inclined-plane, boss is being formed between locating surface and export inclined-plane.
As further preferred scheme, the importing inclined-plane is inclined upwardly from outside to inside, and the export inclined-plane is from the inside to the outside It is inclined upwardly, the locating surface is rectangular.
Preferably, the limited block is adjusting nut.
As a kind of preferred scheme, the drive mechanism that the driving shaft body moves up and down includes rack, gear, deceleration The afterbody insulation of device, motor and drive circuit, one end of the rack and main shaft connects, and the wheel and rack is meshed company Connect and be connected with the output shaft of decelerator, the decelerator is connected with motor, and the motor is connected with drive circuit.
Preferably, displacement transducer is provided with the top of the rack, institute's displacement sensors can be resistance The linear displacement information of main shaft can be changed into electric signal by formula, inductance type, condenser type, photo-electric, ultrasonic type, Hall-type etc. Sensor.
As further preferred scheme, institute's displacement sensors are connected with amplifying circuit, the amplifying circuit and voltage Regulation circuit is connected, and the voltage regulator circuit is connected with drive circuit.
As further preferred scheme, the voltage regulator circuit includes booster tension regulation circuit and declines buffer voltagc Adjust circuit.
As further preferred scheme, the motor is direct current generator, can use less than 36 volts of safe voltage.
Compared to prior art, the present invention has following advantageous effects:
1st, welding gun provided by the invention realizes automatic clamping and the disengaging of T-shaped weldering nail and protection ceramic ring first, can coordinate Robot or triaxial movement platform use, and realize the automatic electric arc stud welding of T-shaped weldering nail, the automatic electric arc to realizing T-shaped weldering nail Arc stud welding is significant;
2nd, in addition, the drive mechanism that driving shaft body provided by the invention moves up and down, is not only simple in structure, Er Qieke Being precisely controlled and adjusting for lifting gap is realized, so as to ensure that the stability of welding quality, especially, direct current generator only has 2 Root electric wire, less than 36 volts of safe voltage can be used, thus it is not only easy to maintenance and safe to use, severe building site can be met Requirement and maintenance, avoid the short service life present in existing electromagnetic drive mechanism, welding quality and efficiency is low asks Topic, the service life of welding gun can be obviously prolonged.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of automatic welding gun for realizing T-shaped weldering nail electric arc stud welding provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure;
Fig. 2 is a kind of cross section structure diagram of ceramic ring chuck provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 to Figure 12 is that welding gun of the present invention terminates automatic take off in the T-shaped weldering nail of execution automatic clamping with ceramic ring to welding The status architecture schematic diagram undergone from the whole process of weldering nail and ceramic ring;
Figure 13 is a kind of structural representation of torch body provided by the invention.
Label is schematically as follows in figure:1st, torch body;11st, housing;12nd, main shaft;13rd, nail clip head is welded;14th, driving machine Structure;141st, rack;142nd, gear;143rd, decelerator;144th, motor;145th, drive circuit;146th, displacement transducer;147th, amplify Circuit;148th, voltage regulator circuit;1481st, booster tension regulation circuit;1482nd, buffer voltagc regulation circuit is declined;15th, straight line Bearing;16th, main spring;17th, adjusting nut;18th, welding cable;2nd, guide pillar;3rd, guide pin bushing;4th, spring;5th, limited block;6th, it is fixed Seat;61st, perforate;7th, ceramic ring chuck;71st, L-shaped flexure strip;72nd, inclined-plane is imported;73rd, locating surface;74th, inclined-plane is exported;75th, boss; 8th, T-shaped weldering nail;9th, ceramic ring;10th, part to be welded.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and examples.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1:A kind of automatic welding gun for realizing T-shaped weldering nail electric arc stud welding that the present embodiment provides, including welding gun Main body 1, the torch body 1 include housing 11, main shaft 12 and be arranged on the front end of main shaft 12 to install weldering nail weldering Nail clip first 13;Guide pillar 2 is provided with the both sides of the housing 11, guide pin bushing 3 is provided with the upper and lower part of every side body 11, per side guide pillar 2 It is located in the upper and lower guide pin bushing 3 of homonymy, and spring 4 is arranged with the guide pillar 2 between upper and lower guide pin bushing 3, in institute The lower end for stating spring 4 is provided with limited block 5 (can use adjusting nut, convenient regulation operation), fixes and connects in the lower end of two side guide pillars 2 Fixed seat 6 is connected to, in the fixed seat 6, the perforation for being arranged right below passing through for welding nail clip head of weldering nail clip first 13 (not shown in Fig. 1), ceramic ring chuck 7 is fixedly connected with the underface of the bottom of the fixed seat 6, perforation.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2:The ceramic ring chuck 7 is circumferentially distributed by several flexure strips 71 to be formed, each Flexure strip 71 is L-shaped, is more than the maximum of weldering nail clip first 13 by long-armed the formed cavity diameter value d of all L-shaped flexure strips 71 External diameter value.The galianconism end of each L-shaped flexure strip 71 is sequentially provided with from bottom to top imports inclined-plane 72, locating surface 73 and export tiltedly Face 74, boss 75 is being formed between locating surface 73 and export inclined-plane 74.The importing inclined-plane 72 is inclined upwardly from outside to inside, The export inclined-plane 74 is inclined upwardly from the inside to the outside, and the locating surface 73 is rectangular.The design can ensure weld nail clip head with it is T-shaped Weld the accurate contraposition and T-shaped weldering nail and the axiality of ceramic ring of ailhead, it is ensured that the uniformity of welding quality.
Realize that T-shaped weldering nail and ceramic ring automatic clamping and the course of work departed from are as follows using the welding gun:
First, using robot or triaxial movement platform, torch body 1 is driven to be moved downwardly to be cased with the T-shaped weldering of ceramic ring 9 The surface of nail 8, when torch body 1 moves downward, spring 4 is compressed (as shown in Figure 3);
With continuing traveling downwardly for torch body 1, ceramic ring chuck 7 follows closely 8 head contact, the head of T-shaped weldering nail 8 with T-shaped weldering Tentatively it is aligned with ceramic ring chuck 7 by importing inclined-plane 72, slips into and be clamped in locating surface 73.Because locating surface 73 is in straight Angle, thus the axiality between T-shaped weldering nail 8 and ceramic ring chuck 7 can be ensured.Further, since the head of T-shaped weldering nail 8 withstands on and determined The right angle top of plane 73, therefore, ceramic ring chuck 7 can not now continue to move down and remain stationary as, and spring 4 is further pressed Contract (as shown in Figure 4);
Now, descending motion is done by drive mechanism driving shaft body 12, makes weldering nail clip first 13 continue to move downward, until Top pressure is on the short side top surface of L-shaped flexure strip 71, and during this, spring 4 keeps state (as shown in Figure 5) shown in Fig. 4;
Continue to make main shaft 12 do descending motion, make weldering nail clip first 13 continue to push the short side top surface of L-shaped flexure strip 71, from And the flexure strip 71 of composition ceramic ring chuck 7 is flared out, the head of T-shaped weldering nail 8 is entered in weldering nail clip first 13, and now weld Gun main body 1 obtains further descending so that ceramic ring chuck 7 contacts with ceramic ring 9, and makes ceramic ring 9 in the case where importing the guiding on inclined-plane 72 Positioning and clamping is carried out into locating surface 73, now spring 4 is in the limiting condition (as shown in Figure 6) compressed;
Make torch body 1 up, carry weldering nail clip first 13 and move upwards, be raised T-shaped weldering nail 8, when T-shaped weldering nail 8 Bottom it is concordant with the bottom of ceramic ring 9 (or less than ceramic ring bottom distance for welding pre compressed magnitude) when, now ceramic ring 9 with it is T-shaped weldering follow closely 8 Coaxially and gripping state to be welded is in, spring 4 is restored (as shown in Figure 7), then put down using robot or three-axis moving Platform makes torch body 1 now be displaced to above the solder joint of part to be welded 10 (as shown in Figure 8);During this, T-shaped weldering nail is realized 8 bottom it is concordant with the bottom of ceramic ring 9 or it is T-shaped weldering nail 8 bottom less than ceramic ring bottom distance for welding pre compressed magnitude (generally 1mm~10mm), the limited block 5 that the lower end of spring 4 can be located at by regulation is adjusted;
Then make torch body 1 descending, when the bottom of ceramic ring 9 is (in the bottom situation concordant with the bottom of ceramic ring 9 of T-shaped weldering nail 8 Under) or it is T-shaped weldering nail 8 bottom (it is T-shaped weldering nail 8 bottom be less than ceramic ring bottom in the case of) be in contact with part to be welded 10 when, Perform stud welding (as shown in Figure 9);
Welding terminates, and (bottom of T-shaped weldering nail 8, which has been planted, to be welded on part to be welded, and ceramic ring is also set in weldering after solder joint solidification Connect position), done by drive mechanism driving shaft body 12 above propose motion first, make weldering nail clip first 13 up, the head with T-shaped weldering nail 8 Portion is separated and returns to original state (as shown in Figure 10), then makes torch body 1 up, ceramic ring chuck 7 is above carried simultaneously It is separated with ceramic ring 9 and is in contact (as shown in figure 11) with the head of T-shaped weldering nail 8;Continue to make torch body 1 up, T can be driven The head of type weldering nail 8 is strutted flexure strip 71 and is realized and be separated with ceramic ring chuck 7 by the effect that is directed downwardly toward on export inclined-plane 74, from And complete an automatic welding operation (as shown in figure 12).And so on circulate, you can realize the automatic welding to T-shaped weldering nail.
In addition, need what is illustrated herein:Described torch body 1 can use existing stud welding gun structure, not do herein Limitation;The drive mechanism that wherein driving shaft body moves up and down can use existing electromagnet-spring structure and straight line horse Up to dragging structure, following improvement project provided by the invention can also be used:
As shown in figure 13:Described torch body 1 includes housing 11, main shaft 12, the use for being fixed on the front end of main shaft 12 With drive mechanism 14, main shaft 12 and the linear bearing that the weldering nail clip of installation weldering nail is first 13, driving shaft body 12 moves up and down 15 are in axial sliding connection, and the main spring 16 of the reset of the main shaft 12 after making striking are arranged with the main shaft 12, in institute The lower section for stating main spring 16 is provided with elastic force adjusting nut 17, and welding cable 18 is conductively connected with weldering nail clip first 13;Described driving The drive mechanism 14 that main shaft 12 moves up and down includes rack 141, gear 142, decelerator 143, motor 144 and drive circuit 145, one end of the rack 141 and the afterbody insulation of main shaft 12 connect, the gear 142 be meshed with rack 141 be connected, And be connected with the output shaft of decelerator 143, the decelerator 143 is connected with motor 144, the motor 144 and driving electricity Road 145 is connected.The forward or reverse of motor 144 is driven by drive circuit 145, so that between gear 142 and rack 141 The positive transmission of generation or reverse drive, drive rack 141 above to carry or decline, are accordingly risen or fallen so as to drive main shaft 12 to do Motion.
Preferably:Be provided with displacement transducer 146 on the top of the rack 141, institute's displacement sensors 146 with Amplifying circuit 147 is connected, and the amplifying circuit 147 is connected with voltage regulator circuit 148, the voltage regulator circuit 148 It is connected with drive circuit 145.Institute's displacement sensors 146 can be resistance-type, inductance type, condenser type, photo-electric, ultrasonic wave The linear displacement information of main shaft can be changed into the sensor of electric signal by formula, Hall-type etc..The voltage regulator circuit 148 wraps Include booster tension regulation circuit 1481 and decline buffer voltagc regulation circuit 1482.The motor 144 is direct current generator, can be used Less than 36 volts of safe voltage.By setting displacement transducer 146, voltage regulator circuit 148, booster tension to adjust circuit 1481 Circuit 1482 is adjusted with buffer voltagc is declined, being precisely controlled and adjusting for main shaft elevating movement can be achieved;Especially, direct current Machine only has 2 electric wires, easy to maintenance using the safe voltage below 36 volts, therefore not only and safe to use.
As fully visible, the drive mechanism 14 that driving shaft body 12 provided by the invention moves up and down, is not only simple in structure, And the defects of service life present in existing electromagnetic drive mechanism is short, welding quality and efficiency are low problem can be effectively avoided, And the problem of Maintenance Difficulty present in linear motor structure can be avoided, the manufacturing cost of welding gun can be substantially reduced, and Service life is grown, it can be ensured that the stability of welding quality, is applicable to severe building site requirement, has obvious progressive.
It is last it is necessarily pointed out that:It the foregoing is only the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention Protection domain be not limited thereto, any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, The change or replacement that can be readily occurred in, it should all be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of automatic welding gun for realizing T-shaped weldering nail electric arc stud welding, including torch body, the torch body include housing, Main shaft and be arranged on main shaft front end installing the weldering nail clip head of weldering nail and the driving that moves up and down of driving shaft body Mechanism;It is characterized in that:Guide pillar is provided with the both sides of the housing, guide pin bushing is provided with the upper and lower part of every side body, per side guide pillar It is located in the upper and lower guide pin bushing of homonymy, and spring is arranged with the guide pillar between upper and lower guide pin bushing, in the bullet The lower end of spring is provided with limited block, and fixed seat is fixedly connected with the lower end of two side guide pillars, in the fixed seat, welds nail clip head The perforation passed through for welding nail clip head is arranged right below, is fixedly connected in the underface of the bottom of the fixed seat, perforation There is ceramic ring chuck, the ceramic ring chuck is circumferentially distributed by several flexure strips to be formed, and each flexure strip is L-shaped, by institute Long-armed the formed cavity diameter value for having L-shaped flexure strip is more than the maximum outside diameter value of weldering nail clip head, each L-shaped flexure strip Galianconism end is sequentially provided with from bottom to top imports inclined-plane, locating surface and export inclined-plane, between locating surface and export inclined-plane Boss is formed, the importing inclined-plane is inclined upwardly from outside to inside, and the export inclined-plane is inclined upwardly from the inside to the outside, the locating surface At right angles.
2. automatic welding gun according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The limited block is adjustable nut.
3. automatic welding gun according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The driving machine that the driving shaft body moves up and down Structure includes rack, gear, decelerator, motor and drive circuit, and one end of the rack and the afterbody insulation of main shaft connect, institute State wheel and rack be meshed connect and be connected with the output shaft of decelerator, the decelerator is connected with motor, the electricity Machine is connected with drive circuit.
4. automatic welding gun according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Displacement transducer is provided with the top of the rack.
5. automatic welding gun according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Institute's displacement sensors are connected with amplifying circuit, The amplifying circuit is connected with voltage regulator circuit, and the voltage regulator circuit is connected with drive circuit.
6. automatic welding gun according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:The voltage regulator circuit is adjusted including booster tension Circuit and decline buffer voltagc regulation circuit.
7. automatic welding gun according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:The motor is direct current generator.
CN201610195248.7A 2016-03-30 2016-03-30 A kind of automatic welding gun for realizing T-shaped weldering nail electric arc stud welding Active CN105618908B (en)

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