CN105606644A - All-condition high-precision heat exchange single tube performance testing apparatus - Google Patents
All-condition high-precision heat exchange single tube performance testing apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105606644A CN105606644A CN201610021575.0A CN201610021575A CN105606644A CN 105606644 A CN105606644 A CN 105606644A CN 201610021575 A CN201610021575 A CN 201610021575A CN 105606644 A CN105606644 A CN 105606644A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
Abstract
The invention discloses an all-condition high-precision heat exchange single tube performance testing apparatus, comprising a barrel. A first line and a second line are disposed inside the barrel, and a cooling and heating medium unit and a testing unit are disposed outside the barrel and are connected with water inlets of the first and second lines through two parallel pipe segments with a valve; a water outlet of the first line is connected with a first circulating line, and the first circulation line is connected respectively with a water return end of the cooling and heating medium unit and a water return end of the testing unit through two parallel pipe segments with a valve; a water outlet of the second line is connected with a second circulation line, and the second circulation line is connected respectively with the water return end of the cooling and heating medium unit and the water return end of the testing unit through two parallel pipe segments with a valve. The apparatus is simple in structure, low in cost and capable of running stably and can simulate more complete test conditions; meanwhile, the test precision is greatly improved when compared with that of a traditional apparatus, and the accuracy and reliability of the testing apparatus are ensured.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thermal test apparatus field, particularly a kind of all working condition high precision heat exchange single tubeCan experimental rig.
Background technology
Along with expanding economy, people more and more focus on the comfort level of living environment, the use of refrigeration air-conditionerAlso more and more extensive. China, in greatly developing Air Conditioning Industry and obtaining economic benefit, is also faced with itTo the jumbo consumption of the energy. According to statistics, the power consumption of being often only room conditioning just exceedes 1,000 hundred million kilowatt hours,Summer, the power consumption of refrigeration air-conditioner accounted for 30% left and right of social total power consumption. How to alleviate huge refrigeration air-conditionerThe power tense situation that energy consumption causes, becomes the focus that people pay close attention to. In air-conditioning system, heat exchanger masterComprise evaporimeter and condenser, their heat exchange efficiency is directly connected to the power consumption of air-conditioning. Heat exchanger listPipe is as the elementary cell of evaporimeter and condenser, and the height of its coefficient of heat transfer is to evaporimeter and condenserHeat transfer effect plays important impact. In order to help to freeze, producer studies the property that how to improve single tube betterCan, just seem very important of heat exchange single tube performance test apparatus.
Traditional heat exchange single column run device, makes the form of heat exchange container conventionally. As shown in Figure 6, oneAs formed by upper and lower two cylindrical shells. Between two cylindrical shells, connect with large as far as possible tube connector, for refrigerationThe circulation of agent, still: the 1. tube connector mouth of pipe place of two cylindrical shells, cold-producing medium circulation is more, between cylindrical shell itsHe is not or not the place that connects mouth of pipe place, and cold-producing medium circulation can be less, can cause heat exchange inhomogeneous, operating mode mouldIntend the situations such as untrue; 2. two cylindrical shell volumes are very large, and manufacture difficulty is large, can strengthen test operation timeWorkload, reduces operating efficiency, increases cost of labor; 3. container machined surface is many, can increase more refrigerationThe possibility of agent leak source, has improved the workload of regular maintenance; 4. traditional cylindrical shell is an airtight container,Inner cold-producing medium is saturation state in theory all the time, so can only simulate the heat exchange feelings under saturation stateCondition, is restricted the condition range of experimental performance test; 5. traditional cylindrical shell, because volume is larger, is madeBecome cylindrical shell to leak hot more, so the degree of accuracy of test is relatively difficult to ensure card.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of all working condition high precision heat exchange listPipe performance test apparatus, this apparatus structure is simple, cost is lower, stable, and can simulate completeerStandby test operating mode; Measuring accuracy improves greatly than prior device simultaneously, has guaranteed the standard of this experimental rigReally property and reliability.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of all working condition high precision heat exchange single tube performance test apparatus, comprises the cylinder of the sealing shape being fixedly installedBody, is also filled with cold-producing medium in described cylindrical shell, in described cylindrical shell, be provided with along first of cylindrical shell axial arrangingPipeline and the second pipeline, described the first pipeline and the second pipeline are removably mounted on cylindrical shell, the first pipeThe outside at cylindrical shell is all stretched out at the two ends of road and the second pipeline, and described the first pipeline and the second pipeline differenceBe arranged on the both sides up and down of cylindrical shell;
This device also comprises the Cooling and Heat Source unit and the test cell that are arranged on cylindrical shell outside, described Cooling and Heat Source listThe water side of unit by two in parallel and be all with valvular pipeline section respectively with the first pipeline and the second pipeThe water inlet on road is connected, and the water side of described test cell is also in parallel by two and be all with valvularPipeline section is connected with the water inlet of the second pipeline with the first pipeline respectively;
The delivery port of described the first pipeline is connected with the water inlet end of the first circulation line, the first circulation lineWater side in parallel and be all with valvular pipeline section single with Cooling and Heat Source unit and test respectively by twoThe backwater end of unit is connected; The delivery port of described the second pipeline is connected with the water inlet end of the second circulation lineLogical, the water side of the second circulation line is in parallel and be all with valvular pipeline section respectively with cold and hot by twoThe backwater end of source unit and test cell is connected.
Preferably, described Cooling and Heat Source unit comprises Cooling and Heat Source water tank, Cooling and Heat Source water pump, is located at Cooling and Heat Source waterThe Cooling and Heat Source unit three-way control valve at pump intake place and be located at the Cooling and Heat Source list of Cooling and Heat Source pump outletUnit's flowmeter; Described Cooling and Heat Source unit three-way control valve one is logical to be connected with Cooling and Heat Source water tank, and one is logical and coldThermal source water pump is connected, and another leads to and is connected with the backwater end of Cooling and Heat Source unit;
Described test cell comprises test water tank, tests water pump, is located at the test at test water pump intake placeUnit three-way control valve and be located at test pump outlet test cell flowmeter; Described test is singleUnit's three-way control valve one is logical to be connected with test water tank, and one is logically connected with test water pump, and another is logical and testThe backwater end of unit is connected.
Preferably, the water side of described Cooling and Heat Source unit is by the pipeline section and first at the first imported valve placeThe water inlet of pipeline is connected, the water side of Cooling and Heat Source unit also the pipeline section by the second imported valve place withThe water inlet of the second pipeline is connected;
The water side of described test cell is by the pipeline section at triple feed inlet valve place and entering of the first pipelineThe mouth of a river is connected, the also pipeline section by the 4th imported valve place and the second pipeline of the water side of test cellWater inlet is connected;
The pipeline section of the water side of the first circulation line by the first outlet valve place and Cooling and Heat Source unitBackwater end is connected, and the water side of the first circulation line is also by pipeline section and the test at the second outlet valve placeThe backwater end of unit is connected;
The pipeline section of the water side of the second circulation line by the 3rd outlet valve place and Cooling and Heat Source unitBackwater end is connected, and the water side of the second circulation line is also by pipeline section and the test at the 4th outlet valve placeThe backwater end of unit is connected.
Preferably, described Cooling and Heat Source water pump extracts thermostatted water from Cooling and Heat Source water tank, by Cooling and Heat Source water routeThree-way control valve regulates inflow temperature, by Cooling and Heat Source unit stream flowmeter measurement circulating water flow; DescribedTest water pump extracts thermostatted water from test water tank, regulates water inlet temperature by test cell three-way control valveDegree, by test cell flowmeter survey circulating water flow.
Preferably, on the import and export pipeline of described the first pipeline, being equipped with the first temperature point and first pressesPoor measuring point, is equipped with the second temperature point and the second pressure reduction on the import and export pipeline of described the second pipelineMeasuring point.
Preferably, in described Cooling and Heat Source water tank, be provided with Cooling and Heat Source water tank electric heater, in described test water tankBe provided with test water tank electric heater; Described Cooling and Heat Source unit and test cell be equal and refrigerant by valve setsCirculation waterway also connects.
Preferably, described refrigerant circulation water route comprises handpiece Water Chilling Units, refrigerant water pump and enters for regulatingThe refrigerant three-way control valve of handpiece Water Chilling Units inner cold water water temperature, described refrigerant circulation water route is by valve setsSwitch to be respectively Cooling and Heat Source water tank or to test water tank the cold water source of design temperature is provided.
Preferably, in described cylindrical shell, be also provided with electric heating tube, the setting of described electric heating tube in cylindrical shellPosition is higher than the liquid level of cold-producing medium.
Preferably, described cylindrical shell top is also provided with the pressure of guaranteeing that cylindrical shell moves under the operating pressure of safetyTry hard to keep protection unit, safety valve and exhaust-valve.
Preferably, described cylindrical shell is provided with the liquid-sighting glass of being convenient to observe inner heat exchange situation, and for shiningThe lens that bright lamp light enters; On described cylindrical shell, be also useful on the viewing section of observing refrigerant level.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1), the present invention is only provided with a cylindrical shell, in cylindrical shell, be provided with along drum shaft to parallel arrangementOne pipeline and the second pipeline, the outside of cylindrical shell is also provided with cold and hot matchmaker unit and test cell, described cold and hotSource unit by two with valvular pipe section in parallel respectively with the water inlet of the first pipeline and the second pipelineBe connected, described test cell also by two be with valvular pipe section in parallel respectively with the first pipeline and secondThe water inlet of pipeline is connected; The delivery port of described the first pipeline is connected with the first circulation line, the first circulationPipeline by two with valvular pipe section in parallel respectively with backwater end and the test cell of cold and hot matchmaker unitBackwater end be connected; The delivery port of described the second pipeline is connected with the second circulation line, the second circulation lineAlso by two with valvular pipe section in parallel respectively with the backwater end of cold and hot matchmaker unit and test cellBackwater end is connected. When actual making a service test, select arbitrarily in the first pipeline or the second pipelinePipeline is as heat exchange single tube, and another pipeline is cold and heat sources pipe, by the switching of valve, and by theThe survey that on one pipeline and the second pipeline, the temperature point of import and export, pressure reduction measuring point, flow measuring point obtainValue calculates the heat exchange amount of heat exchange single tube jointly, has completed the performance test of heat exchanging single tube.
The present invention, by the ingehious design to pipe joint, is only having under the experimental condition of a cylindrical shell,Can switch easily cold and heat sources pipe and heat exchange single tube, and then realize the evaporation tube examination of this device heat exchanging single tubeTest or condenser pipe test. The present invention is simple in structure, has greatly improved the efficiency of test job.
2), in cylindrical shell of the present invention, being also provided with auxiliary heating cylindrical shell inner refrigerant to the electricity of hypersaturated state addsHeat pipe, under normal circumstances, the cold-producing medium heat that heat exchange single tube is cooling, is exactly the heat of electric heating tube and coldThe heat sum of heat source tube. The present invention can only carry out saturated shape in traditional heat exchange single column run deviceThe single tube condensing heat-exchange of state is tested, and has greatly widened the scope of device debugging condensing condition, is single tube condensationBroader test condition has been opened up in test.
3), in the present invention cold-producing medium through cold and heat sources pipe (when the pipeline in inner barrel downside, theWhen one pipeline is set to cold and heat sources pipe, in the pipeline of inner barrel upside, the second pipeline is heat exchange listPipe) be heated into saturated vapor, then after electric heater for heating, become superheated steam and (also can not heatFor superheated steam is tested), superheated steam is when upwards ascension is to cylindrical shell top, and release heat is to heat exchangeWater in single tube, and then refrigerant cools is saturated liquid, fluid drips drops down onto cylinder body bottom, completes refrigerationThe circulation of agent. Whole heat transfer process carries out in single cylinder container, and cylindrical shell volume is very little, and thermal capacity hasLimit, heat exchanging test, means thermal balance faster, less leakage heat, less error, surveysExamination precision is enhanced, and makes the present invention can carry out the heating of high-precision tiny flow quantity or coolingSingle tube test; In addition, mono-tube design has farthest been simulated the heat-exchanging state of actual case tube heat exchanger,Accuracy and the reliability of this experimental rig are more guaranteed.
4), the top of middle cylinder body of the present invention is provided with pressure protective device, safety valve and exhaust-valve, whenWhen pressure anomaly in cylindrical shell, pressure protective device is generally first reminded operating personnel's note by warning deviceMeaning. If pressure still continues to increase, force value reaches the working value of safety valve, and safety valve can be rapidlyPressure release, plays the effect of protection. Exhaust-valve on cylindrical shell, is mainly used in discharging the large quantity of air in cylindrical shell,Thereby guarantee that test precisely, also can ensure that pressure indicated value is correct, further ensures the safety of cylindrical shellReliably.
5), cylindrical shell of the present invention is provided with the liquid-sighting glass of being convenient to observe inner heat exchange situation, and houselightsLine scioptics irradiate inner barrel, convenient heat exchange situation of observing inner barrel, and this device is also provided with justIn the viewing section of observing refrigerant level, greatly facilitate the actual heat exchange feelings of testing crew heat exchanging single tubeThe record of condition and analysis, for the reliability of data provides foundation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that heat exchanging single tube of the present invention carries out agglutination,cold test.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that heat exchanging single tube of the present invention carries out evaporation test.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of Fig. 2 cylindrical shell external structure.
Fig. 5 a, 5b, 5c, 5d are the side-looking schematic diagram of Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is traditional heat exchange single column run device.
In figure, the implication of label symbol is as follows:
1-support
2-cylindrical shell 20-pressure protective device 21-safety valve 22-exhaust-valve 23-liquid-sighting glass
24-lens 25-viewing section
3-the first pipeline 30a-the 4th imported valve 30b-triple feed inlet valve
31a-the 4th outlet valve 31b-the 3rd outlet valve
4-Cooling and Heat Source unit 40-Cooling and Heat Source water tank 41-Cooling and Heat Source water pump
42-Cooling and Heat Source unit three-way control valve 400-Cooling and Heat Source water tank electric heater
43-Cooling and Heat Source unit of flow meter 44-first temperature point 45-the first pressure reduction measuring point
5-heat exchange single tube 50a-second imported valve 50b-the first imported valve
51a-second outlet valve 51b-the first outlet valve
6-test cell 60-test water tank 600-test water tank electric heater
61-test water pump 62-test cell three-way control valve 63-test cell flowmeter
64-second temperature point 65-the second pressure reduction measuring point
7-cold-producing medium
8-refrigerant circulation water route 80-handpiece Water Chilling Units 81-refrigerant water pump 82-refrigerant three-way control valve
9-electric heating tube
10-inner barrel temperature point
A-first circulation line B-the second circulation line
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried outDescribe clearly and completely, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, andNot whole embodiment. Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doingGo out the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of all working condition high precision heat exchange single tube performance test apparatus, comprises and being fixedly installedThe cylindrical shell 2 of sealing shape, in described cylindrical shell 2, be also filled with cold-producing medium 7, in described cylindrical shell 2, be provided withAlong the first pipeline 3 and second pipeline 5 of cylindrical shell axial arranging, described the first pipeline 3 and the second pipeline 5Be removably mounted on cylindrical shell 2, all stretch out at cylindrical shell 2 at the two ends of the first pipeline 3 and the second pipeline 5Outside, and described the first pipeline 3 and the second pipeline 5 are separately positioned on the both sides up and down of cylindrical shell 2;
This device also comprises the Cooling and Heat Source unit 4 and the test cell 6 that are arranged on cylindrical shell outside.
Described Cooling and Heat Source unit 4 comprises Cooling and Heat Source water tank 40, Cooling and Heat Source water pump 41, is located at Cooling and Heat Source waterThe Cooling and Heat Source unit three-way control valve 42 of pump 41 porch and be located at Cooling and Heat Source water pump 41 exitsCooling and Heat Source unit of flow meter 43; Described Cooling and Heat Source unit three-way control valve 42 1 leads to and Cooling and Heat Source water tank 40Be connected, one logical is connected with Cooling and Heat Source water pump 41, and another leads to and is connected with the backwater end of Cooling and Heat Source unit 4.The water side of described Cooling and Heat Source unit 4 is by pipeline section and first pipeline 3 at the first imported valve 50b placeWater inlet be connected, the water side of Cooling and Heat Source unit 4 is also by the pipeline section at the second imported valve 50a placeBe connected with the water inlet of the second pipeline 5.
Described test cell 6 comprises test water tank 60, test water pump 61, is located at test water pump 61 entrancesPlace test cell three-way control valve 62 and be located at test water pump 61 exits test cell flowmeter63; Described test cell three-way control valve 62 1 is logical to be connected with test water tank 60, a logical and test water pump61 are connected, and another leads to and is connected with the backwater end of test cell 6. The water side of described test cell 6 is passed throughThe pipeline section at triple feed inlet valve 30b place is connected with the water inlet of the first pipeline 3, the going out of test cell 6Water end (W.E.) is also connected with the water inlet of the second pipeline 5 by the pipeline section at the 4th imported valve 30a place.
Can be obtained by Fig. 1: the pipeline section at the first imported valve 50b place and the second imported valve 50a placePipeline section parallel connection is arranged; The pipe at the pipeline section at triple feed inlet valve 30b place and the 4th imported valve 30a placeDuan Binglian arranges; The pipeline section at described the first imported valve 50b place and triple feed inlet valve 30b placePipeline section parallel connection is connected with the water inlet of the first pipeline 3 after arranging, described the second imported valve 50a placeAfter in parallel the arranging of pipeline section at pipeline section and the 4th imported valve 30a place with the water inlet phase of the second pipeline 5Connect.
The delivery port of described the first pipeline 3 is connected with the water inlet end of the first circulation line A, the first circulationThe water side of pipeline A by two in parallel and be all with valvular pipeline section respectively with Cooling and Heat Source unit 4 HesThe backwater end of test cell 6 is connected, and the water side of the first circulation line A is by the first outlet valveThe pipeline section at 51b place is connected with the backwater end of Cooling and Heat Source unit 4, and the water side of the first circulation line A alsoBe connected by second pipeline section at outlet valve 51a place and the backwater end of test cell 6.
The delivery port of described the second pipeline 5 is connected with the water inlet end of the second circulation line B, the second circulationThe water side of pipeline B by two in parallel and be all with valvular pipeline section respectively with Cooling and Heat Source unit 4 HesThe backwater end of test cell 6 is connected, and the water side of the second circulation line B is by the 3rd outlet valveThe pipeline section at 31b place is connected with the backwater end of Cooling and Heat Source unit 4, and the water side of the second circulation line B alsoBe connected by the 4th pipeline section at outlet valve 31a place and the backwater end of test cell 6.
Described Cooling and Heat Source water pump 41 extracts thermostatted water from Cooling and Heat Source water tank 40, by Cooling and Heat Source water route threeLogical control valve 42 regulates inflow temperature, measures circulating water flow by Cooling and Heat Source unit of flow meter 43; InstituteState test water pump 61 and extract thermostatted water from test water tank 60, by test cell three-way control valve 62Regulate inflow temperature, measure circulating water flow by test cell flowmeter 63.
On the import and export pipeline of described the first pipeline 3, be equipped with the first temperature point 44 and the first pressure reductionMeasuring point 45, is equipped with the second temperature point 64 and second on the import and export pipeline of described the second pipeline 5Pressure reduction measuring point 65.
In described Cooling and Heat Source water tank 40, be provided with Cooling and Heat Source water tank electric heater 400, described test water tank 60Inside be provided with test water tank electric heater 600; Described Cooling and Heat Source unit 4 passes through valve sets with test cell 6All with refrigerant circulation water route 8 and connect.
Described refrigerant circulation water route 8 comprises handpiece Water Chilling Units 80, refrigerant water pump 81 and enters for regulatingThe refrigerant three-way control valve 82 of handpiece Water Chilling Units 80 inner cold water water temperatures, valve is passed through in described refrigerant circulation water route 8The switching of door group is respectively Cooling and Heat Source water tank 40 or tests water tank 60 provides the cold water source of design temperature.
In the time carrying out agglutination,cold test, the switching connected mode of the valve sets in whole device as shown in Figure 2,In the time carrying out evaporation test, the switching connected mode of the valve sets in whole device as shown in Figure 3.
In described cylindrical shell 2, be also provided with electric heating tube 9, the setting of described electric heating tube 9 in cylindrical shell 2Position is higher than the liquid level of cold-producing medium 7. Described cylindrical shell 2 tops are also provided with guarantees the work of cylindrical shell 2 in safetyPressure protective device 20, safety valve 21 and the exhaust-valve 22 doing to move under pressure.
Described cylindrical shell 2 is provided with the liquid-sighting glass 23 of being convenient to observe inner heat exchange situation, and for illuminating lampThe lens 24 that light enters; On described cylindrical shell 2, be also useful on the viewing section 25 of observing cold-producing medium 7 liquid levels.
Further describe the course of work of this device below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Agglutination,cold test
As shown in Figure 2, now the first pipeline 3 is Cooling and Heat Source to pipeline jointing construction form when agglutination,cold testPipe, and the second pipeline 5 is heat exchange single tube. The second imported valve 50a, triple feed inlet valve 30b,Two outlet valve 51a, the 3rd outlet valve 31b be all in closed condition, the first imported valve 50b,The 4th imported valve 30a, the first outlet valve 51b, the 4th outlet valve 31a are all in opening.
First Cooling and Heat Source water pump 41 extracts the thermostatted water of 69 DEG C from Cooling and Heat Source water tank 40, passes through Cooling and Heat SourceUnit three-way control valve 42 mixes 61 DEG C of water out from the first outlet valve 51b, regulates by firstImported valve 50b enters the water temperature to 65 DEG C of the first pipeline 3. The first pipe being connected with Cooling and Heat Source unit 4The cold-producing medium 7 in cylindrical shell 2 has been heated on road 3, make submergence the cold-producing medium 7 of the first pipeline 3 be evaporated to fullAnd steam, if need to regulate operating mode to overheated gas, can pass through electric heating tube 9 auxiliary heating steam,Steam ascension is to cylindrical shell 2 tops, and the second pipeline 5 being formed by top single tube to be tested is cooling, then coldThe drop that congeals into, drops to cylindrical shell 2 bottoms, and so far cold-producing medium 7 completes the circulation of a heat exchange, heat quiltWater in the first pipeline 3 that cold-producing medium 7 absorbs is by the first circulation line A and the first outlet valve51b flows back to Cooling and Heat Source water tank 40.
In the Cooling and Heat Source unit 4 that the first pipeline 3 connects, measure cold by Cooling and Heat Source unit of flow meter 43Heat source water flow, cold into and out of the first temperature point 44 measurement turnover at mouth of pipe place by the first pipeline 3The water temperature difference of heat source tube 3, thereby the heat exchange amount of calculating the first pipeline 3. Computational methods are exactly conventional QThe formula of=cm △ t, wherein alphabetical implication: Q, heat exchange amount; C, specific heat of water holds; M, currentAmount; △ t, flows through the temperature gap before and after heat exchanger tube (the first pipeline 3 or the second pipeline 5) heat exchange;
Meanwhile, as shown in Figure 2, switch handpiece Water Chilling Units handpiece Water Chilling Units 80 is carried for testing water tank 60For low-temperature receiver, regulate test water tank 60 water temperatures to 27 DEG C of constant temperature; Then, the test water in test cell 6Pump 61 extracts the thermostatted water of 27 DEG C from test water tank 60, mixed by test water route three-way control valve 62Close the water of 35 DEG C out from the 4th outlet valve 31a, regulate by the 4th imported valve 30a and enter theThe water temperature of two pipelines 5 is 30 DEG C, in the second pipeline 5 mobile water taken away cylindrical shell 2 in cold-producing medium 7The heat of steam, flows back to test by the second circulation line B and the 4th outlet valve 31a after intensification successivelyWater tank 60.
In the test cell 6 that the second pipeline 5 connects, measure discharge by test cell flowmeter 63,Measure the water temperature difference of turnover heat exchange single tube 5 by testing the second temperature point 64, thereby calculate the second pipeThe heat exchange amount on road 5. Under normal circumstances, cold-producing medium 7 heats that the second pipeline 5 is cooling, are exactly electrical heatingThe heat of pipe 9 and the heat sum of the first pipeline 3.
Evaporation test
As shown in Figure 3, now the first pipeline 3 is heat exchange list to pipeline jointing construction form when evaporation testPipe, and the second pipeline 5 is cold and heat sources pipe. The first imported valve 50b, the 4th imported valve 30a,One outlet valve 51b, the 4th outlet valve 31a be all in closed condition, the second imported valve 50a,Triple feed inlet valve 30b, the second outlet valve 51a, the 3rd outlet valve 31b are all in opening.
First Cooling and Heat Source water pump 41 extracts the thermostatted water of 2 DEG C from Cooling and Heat Source water tank 40, passes through Cooling and Heat SourceUnit three-way control valve 42 mixes 6.5 DEG C of water out from the 3rd outlet valve 31b, regulates by secondImported valve 50a enters the water temperature to 5.5 DEG C of the second pipeline 5. Be connected in Cooling and Heat Source unit 4Two pipelines 5 are cooling cold-producing medium 7 in cylindrical shell 2, makes cold-producing medium 7 condensations of being heated by the first pipeline 3For saturated refrigerant liquid. Water in the second pipeline 5 after heating is by the second circulation line B and the 3rdOutlet valve 31b flows back to Cooling and Heat Source water tank 40.
The first pipeline 3 is immersed in cold-producing medium 7, and the inflow temperature of the first pipeline 3 is 12 DEG C, and firstPipeline 3 is cold-producing medium 7 heating evaporations, and the steam ascension of cold-producing medium 7 is to cylindrical shell 2 tops, by topThe second pipeline 5 is cooling, is then condensed into drop, drops to cylindrical shell 2 bottoms, and so far cold-producing medium 7 completesThe circulation of a heat exchange.
In the Cooling and Heat Source unit 4 that the second pipeline 5 connects, measure cold by Cooling and Heat Source unit of flow meter 43Heat source water flow, the second temperature point 64 that passes in and out mouth of pipe place by the second pipeline 5 is measured turnover secondThe water temperature difference of pipeline 5, thereby the heat exchange amount of calculating the second pipeline 5. Computational methods are exactly conventional Q=The formula of cm △ t, wherein alphabetical implication: Q, heat exchange amount; C, specific heat of water holds; M, discharge;△ t, flows through the temperature gap before and after heat exchanger tube (the second pipeline 5 or the first pipeline 3) heat exchange;
As shown in Figure 3, switch handpiece Water Chilling Units and make handpiece Water Chilling Units 80 provide low-temperature receiver for Cooling and Heat Source water tank 40,Cooling and Heat Source water tank 40 water temperatures are to 2 DEG C of constant temperature; Then, Cooling and Heat Source water pump 41 is taken out from Cooling and Heat Source water tank 40Get the thermostatted water of 2 DEG C, mixing from the second pipeline 5 by Cooling and Heat Source unit three-way control valve 42 is Cooling and Heat SourceThe pipe water of 6.5 DEG C out, is adjusted to the water of 5.5 DEG C that enters cold and heat sources pipe, in cold and heat sources pipe, flowsMoving water cooling the steam of cold-producing medium 7 in cylindrical shell 2, water flows back to Cooling and Heat Source water tank 40 after heating up.
In the test cell 6 that the first pipeline 3 connects, measure discharge by test cell flowmeter 63,Measure the water temperature difference of turnover the first pipeline 3 by testing the first temperature point 44, thereby calculate the first pipeThe heat exchange amount on road 3. Under normal circumstances, cold-producing medium 7 heats that the first pipeline 3 heats, be exactly the second pipeThe heat exchange amount on road 5.
In test process, the first pressure reduction measuring point 45, the second pressure reduction measuring point 65 are measured respectively the first pipeline3, the water resistance of the second pipeline 5, for the application of single tube provides the test basis of on-way resistance aspect. ColdThermal source water tank 40 and test water tank 60 inside are useful on respectively the Cooling and Heat Source of this water tank heat water tank electricity are providedHeater 400 and test water tank electric heater 600. There is a handpiece Water Chilling Units 80 simultaneously, pass through valve setsSwitching, handpiece Water Chilling Units 80 respectively can for Cooling and Heat Source water tank 40 or test water tank 60 low-temperature receiver is provided. ColdOn matchmaker's circulation waterway 8, there are refrigerant three-way control valve 82 and refrigerant water pump 81. Refrigerant three-way control valve 82Adjusting enters the water temperature of handpiece Water Chilling Units 80 in rational scope.
Cylindrical shell 2 tops are provided with pressure protective device 20, safety valve 21 and exhaust-valve 22, for reallyProtect cylindrical shell 2 and move under the operating pressure of safety, in the time of pressure anomaly in cylindrical shell 2, pressure protect dressPutting 20 generally first reminds operating personnel to note by warning device. If pressure still continues to increase, pressPower value reaches the working value of safety valve 21, and the rapid pressure release of safety valve 21 meeting, plays the effect of protection.Exhaust-valve 22 on cylindrical shell, is mainly used in discharging the large quantity of air in cylindrical shell 2, guarantees not have air to sneak intoIn inner cold-producing medium 7.
Above described cylindrical shell 2 and side is useful on the liquid-sighting glass 23 of observing inner heat exchange situation, houselightsLine scioptics 24 irradiate cylindrical shell 2 inside, the inner heat exchange situation of convenient observation. Viewing section 25 is convenient toOperating personnel observe the liquid level of cold-producing medium 7, guarantee that cold-producing medium 7 does not contact with electric heating tube 9.
It should be noted that the electric heating tube 9 in the present embodiment middle cylinder body 2 adds cold-producing medium 7 againThe adding heat and can carry out step-less adjustment by original papers such as controllable silicons of heat,, by inner barrel temperature point 10Determine the degree of superheat of the cold-producing medium 7 needing. In traditional heat exchange single column run device, can only satisfyWith the single tube condensing heat-exchange test of state, greatly widen the scope of device debugging condensing condition, be heat exchangeBroader test condition has been opened up in the performance test of single tube.
Cylindrical shell 2 in the present invention is simple in structure, and volume is very little, and thermal capacity is limited, thus itself and extraneousLeaking heat is little, thereby provides good prerequisite for the little heat amount test that changes. Experiment showed, to makeCryogen R22 is example, can stablize the about 1.2kW of single tube heat exchange amount of high-acruracy survey.
As shown in Fig. 5 a, 5b, 5c, 5d, the version of the first pipeline 3 and the second pipeline 5 canHave multiplely, wherein the version of the first pipeline 3 and the second pipeline 5 can be identical, also can be different.
In sum, if use the experimental rig of refrigeration air-conditioner product of the present invention, regulate operating mode to coverSaturated and the overheated heat-exchanging state of lid condensation single tube, lower limit heat exchange amount can be minimum to 1.2kW left and right, combinesClose other factors, experiment showed, that the adjustable span of heat exchange amount has reached 30 times of left and right. Can be greatlyThe applicability of lifting test device, has also reduced cost input indirectly.
Claims (10)
1. an all working condition high precision heat exchange single tube performance test apparatus, comprises cylindrical shell (2), described cylinderIn body (2), be also filled with cold-producing medium (7), it is characterized in that: described cylindrical shell is provided with edge in (2)First pipeline (3) of cylindrical shell axial arranging and the second pipeline (5), described the first pipeline (3) and secondIt is upper that pipeline (5) is removably mounted on cylindrical shell (2), the first pipeline (3) and the second pipeline (5)All stretch out in the outside of cylindrical shell (2) at two ends, and described the first pipeline (3) and the second pipeline (5) pointBe not arranged on the both sides up and down of cylindrical shell (2);
This device also comprises the Cooling and Heat Source unit (4) and the test cell (6) that are arranged on cylindrical shell outside, instituteThe water side of stating Cooling and Heat Source unit (4) is in parallel and be all with valvular pipeline section respectively with by twoOne pipeline (3) is connected with the water inlet of the second pipeline (5); The water side of described test cell (6)Also in parallel by two and be all with valvular pipeline section respectively with the first pipeline (3) and the second pipeline (5)Water inlet be connected;
The delivery port of described the first pipeline (3) is connected with the water inlet end of the first circulation line (A), theThe water side of one circulation line (A) is in parallel and be all with valvular pipeline section respectively with cold and hot by twoThe backwater end of source unit (4) and test cell (6) is connected; The water outlet of described the second pipeline (5)Mouth is connected with the water inlet end of the second circulation line (B), and the water side of the second circulation line (B) is passed throughTwo in parallel and all with valvular pipeline section respectively with Cooling and Heat Source unit (4) and test cell (6)Backwater end is connected.
2. all working condition high precision heat exchange single tube performance test apparatus according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be: described Cooling and Heat Source unit (4) comprise Cooling and Heat Source water tank (40), Cooling and Heat Source water pump (41),Be located at the Cooling and Heat Source unit three-way control valve (42) of Cooling and Heat Source water pump (41) porch and be located at cold and hotThe Cooling and Heat Source unit of flow meter (43) in source water pump (41) exit; The threeway of described Cooling and Heat Source unit regulatesValve (42) one is logical to be connected with Cooling and Heat Source water tank (40), and one leads to and is connected with Cooling and Heat Source water pump (41), separatelyOne logical is connected with the backwater end of Cooling and Heat Source unit (4);
Described test cell (6) comprises test water tank (60), test water pump (61), is located at testThe test cell three-way control valve (62) of water pump (61) porch and be located at test water pump (61) go outThe test cell flowmeter (63) at mouth place; Described test cell three-way control valve (62) leads to and testWater tank (60) is connected, one logical is connected with test water pump (61), and another leads to and test cell (6)Backwater end is connected.
3. all working condition high precision heat exchange single tube performance test apparatus according to claim 1 and 2,It is characterized in that: the water side of described Cooling and Heat Source unit (4) is by the first imported valve (50b) placePipeline section be connected with the water inlet of the first pipeline (3), the water side of Cooling and Heat Source unit (4) is also by theThe pipeline section at two imported valves (50a) place is connected with the water inlet of the second pipeline (5);
The pipeline section of the water side of described test cell (6) by triple feed inlet valve (30b) place and theThe water inlet of one pipeline (3) is connected, and the water side of test cell (6) is also by the 4th imported valve (30a)The pipeline section at place is connected with the water inlet of the second pipeline (5);
The pipeline section of the water side of the first circulation line (A) by the first outlet valve (51b) place and coldThe backwater end of heat source unit (4) is connected, and the water side of the first circulation line (A) is also by the second outletThe pipeline section at valve (51a) place is connected with the backwater end of test cell (6);
The pipeline section of the water side of the second circulation line (B) by the 3rd outlet valve (31b) place and coldThe backwater end of heat source unit (4) is connected, and the water side of the second circulation line (B) is also by the 4th outletThe pipeline section at valve (31a) place is connected with the backwater end of test cell (6).
4. all working condition high precision heat exchange single tube performance test apparatus according to claim 2, its spyLevy and be: described Cooling and Heat Source water pump (41) extracts thermostatted water from Cooling and Heat Source water tank (40), by coldThermal source water route three-way control valve (42) regulates inflow temperature, surveys by Cooling and Heat Source unit of flow meter (43)Amount circulating water flow; Described test water pump (61) extracts thermostatted water from test water tank (60), passes throughTest cell three-way control valve (62) regulates inflow temperature, measures by test cell flowmeter (63)Circulating water flow.
5. all working condition high precision heat exchange single tube performance test apparatus according to claim 2, its spyLevy and be: on the import and export pipeline of described the first pipeline (3), be equipped with the first temperature point (44)With the first pressure reduction measuring point (45), on the import and export pipeline of described the second pipeline (5), be equipped with secondTemperature point (64) and the second pressure reduction measuring point (65).
6. according to all working condition high precision heat exchange single tube performance test apparatus described in claim 4 or 5,It is characterized in that: in described Cooling and Heat Source water tank (40), be provided with Cooling and Heat Source water tank electric heater (400),In described test water tank (60), be provided with test water tank electric heater (600); Described Cooling and Heat Source unit (4)With test cell (6) by valve sets all with refrigerant circulation water route (8) and connect.
7. all working condition high precision heat exchange single tube performance test apparatus according to claim 6, its spyLevy and be: described refrigerant circulation water route (8) comprise handpiece Water Chilling Units (80), refrigerant water pump (81) withAnd for regulating the refrigerant three-way control valve (82) that enters handpiece Water Chilling Units (80) inner cold water water temperature, described inRefrigerant circulation water route (8) is respectively Cooling and Heat Source water tank (40) or test water tank by the switching of valve sets(60) provide the cold water source of design temperature.
8. all working condition high precision heat exchange single tube performance test apparatus according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be: in described cylindrical shell (2), be also provided with electric heating tube (9), described electric heating tube (9) existsSetting position in cylindrical shell (2) is higher than the liquid level of cold-producing medium (7).
9. all working condition high precision heat exchange single tube performance test apparatus according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be: described cylindrical shell (2) top is also provided with guarantees that cylindrical shell (2) transports under the operating pressure of safetyPressure protective device (20), safety valve (21) and the exhaust-valve (22) of row.
10. all working condition high precision heat exchange single tube performance test apparatus according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be: described cylindrical shell (2) is provided with the liquid-sighting glass (23) of being convenient to observe inner heat exchange situation, withAnd the lens (24) that enter for illuminating lamp light; On described cylindrical shell (2), be also useful on and observe refrigerationThe viewing section (25) of agent (7) liquid level.
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| CN101446524B (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-06-09 | 合肥通用机械研究院 | Heat exchanger performance testing device for air conditioning |
| CN102032624B (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2013-04-03 | 合肥通用机械研究院 | Performance test device for evaporative air conditioner |
| CN202101956U (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-01-04 | 南京工业大学 | Single heat exchange tube testing device |
| CN103645207B (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2016-06-22 | 乐金空调(山东)有限公司 | Heat exchanger tube heat exchange property test device |
| CN103808757A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-21 | 上海理工大学 | Experimental table for testing heat exchange performance of single tube |
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Address after: 230031 No. 888 Changjiang West Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui. Co-patentee after: Hefei General Environment Control Technology Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd. Address before: 230031 No. 888 Changjiang West Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui. Co-patentee before: Hefei General Environment Control Technology Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Hefei Universal Machinery Inst. |