CN105605803B - A kind of tube plate structure solar energy collector system that absorption film is set - Google Patents
A kind of tube plate structure solar energy collector system that absorption film is set Download PDFInfo
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- CN105605803B CN105605803B CN201610026944.5A CN201610026944A CN105605803B CN 105605803 B CN105605803 B CN 105605803B CN 201610026944 A CN201610026944 A CN 201610026944A CN 105605803 B CN105605803 B CN 105605803B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of solar energy collector systems, including heat collector, heat collector includes thermal-collecting tube, speculum and collecting plate, it is connected between two adjacent thermal-collecting tubes by collecting plate, so as to make to form tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tubes and adjacent collecting plate, the collecting plate is straight panel, and the tube plate structure is linear structure, and the tube plate structure surface applies heat-sink shell.The present invention can make full use of solar energy, avoid the loss of solar heat, achieve the effect that environmental protection and energy saving.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of solar energy more particularly to a kind of solar energy collector systems.
Background technology
With the rapid development of modern social economy, the mankind are increasing to the demand of the energy.However coal, oil, day
The traditional energies storage levels such as right gas constantly reduce, are increasingly in short supply, cause rising steadily for price, while conventional fossil fuel causes
Problem of environmental pollution it is also further serious, these all limit the development of society and the raising of human life quality significantly.The energy
Problem has become most one of distinct issues of contemporary world.Thus seek the new energy, particularly free of contamination cleaning energy
Source has become the hot spot of present people's research.
Solar energy is a kind of inexhaustible clean energy resource, and stock number is huge, and earth surface is received every year
Solar radiant energy total amount be 1 × 1018KWh, more than 10,000 times for the world year consumption gross energy.Countries in the world are all too
It is positive can by the use of as important one of new energy development, the Chinese government exists《The government work report》Also it clearly proposes to accumulate already
New energy is developed in pole, and wherein the utilization of solar energy is especially in occupation of prominent position.It is reached however, as solar radiation tellurian
Energy density is small（About one kilowatt every square metre）, and be discontinuous again, this brings certain tired to large-scale utilization
It is difficult.Therefore, it in order to utilize solar energy extensively, not only to solve the problems, such as technical, but also economically must be able to conventional energy
Source mutually competes.
There may be surpluses in some cases now for the solar energy that solar thermal collector absorbs, this part solar energy can at this time
It can lose, it is therefore desirable to a kind of that superfluous heat is made full use of.
No matter the solar thermal collector of which kind of form and structure, will there are one the absorption portions for being used for absorbing solar radiation
Part, the structure of heat collector play an important role the absorption of solar energy.
Invention content
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of new solar energy collector system, so as to effective profit
Use solar energy.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme is as follows：A kind of solar energy collector system, including thermal-arrest
Device, heat collector include thermal-collecting tube, speculum and collecting plate, are connected between adjacent two thermal-collecting tubes by collecting plate, so as to make
Tube plate structure is formed between multiple thermal-collecting tubes and adjacent collecting plate, the collecting plate is straight panel, and the tube plate structure is straight line
Structure, the tube plate structure surface apply heat-sink shell.
Preferably, only in the lower part of tube plate structure setting heat-sink shell
Preferably, the heat-sink shell includes transition zone, infrared reflection coating, heat absorption painting from tube plate structure successively from inside to outside
The thickness of layer, anti-reflective coating and protective layer, wherein transition zone, infrared reflection coating, heat absorbing coating, anti-reflective coating and protective layer
Degree is 0.04um, 0.25um, 0.76um, 0.14um, 0.11um respectively；The transition zone is to pass through MF reactive magnetron sputtering
The transition zone for the compound that method deposited metal Al, Si and N are formed；The infrared reflection coating is W, Cr, Ag tri- from inside to outside
Layer, three layers of thickness proportion is 9:4：7；Heat absorbing coating includes Nb, Cr, Zr, NbN, Cr successively from inside to outside2O3Five layers, three layers
Thickness proportion be 8:7:4：4：5；Anti-reflective coating is TiO successively from inside to outside2, AlN, Nb2O5, Al2O3And Si3
N4Five layers, wherein five layers of thickness proportion is 5:4:8:9:2；The ingredient of protective layer is identical with transition zone.
Preferably, shape is at a certain angle between two pieces of tube plate structures, the circular arc of the angle direction and speculum
Cable architecture is opposite, and the focus of speculum is located between the angle of tube plate structure formation；The focus of speculum is located at two pieces of tube sheet knots
On the midpoint of structure least significant end line；The circular arc line radius of speculum is R, and the length of every piece of tube plate structure is R1, the half of thermal-collecting tube
Diameter is R2, and the distance in the center of circle of adjacent thermal-collecting tube is L on same tube plate structure, and the angle between two pieces of tube plate structures is a, then full
Sufficient equation below：
R1/R=c*sin(a/2)b,
0.18<R2/L<0.34,
Wherein c, b are coefficient, 0.39<c<0.41,0.020<b<0.035;
0.38< R1/R<0.41,80 °<=A<=150 °, 450mm<R1<750mm,1100mm<R<1800mm,
90mm<L<150mm,20mm<=R2<50mm。
Preferably, including the temperature difference electricity generation device being connect with heat collector progress pipeline, temperature difference electricity generation device includes babinet, heat
Pipe, thermoelectric generation film, thermo-electric generation sheet heat radiator, controller and accumulator, the interior setting heat pipe of babinet, one end of thermoelectric generation film
It is connected with heat pipe, the other end is connected with radiator, and thermoelectric generation film is also connected by controller with accumulator.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that：
1）Solar energy can be made full use of, avoids the loss of solar heat, by extra solar energy in the form of electric energy
It stores, subsequently to use.
2) a kind of new temperature difference electricity generation device is provided, meets the needs of solar energy；
3）The present invention obtains an optimal heat collector optimum results, and carry out by experiment by test of many times
Verification, so as to demonstrate the accuracy of result.
4）It by central controller, realizes and valve is automatically controlled, so as to fulfill efficiently using for solar energy.
5）By the thermal-collecting tube structure setting of heat collector, the absorption solar energy being optimal.
6）The present invention carries out meticulous selection and experiment to the material and thickness of heat-sink shell, has reached the skill of best heat absorption
Art effect.
7）The structure of heat collector is reasonably designed, heat collector local temperature is avoided to overheat.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of solar energy collector system
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of temperature difference electricity generation device
Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-section of solar energy collector system
Fig. 4 is the structural section schematic diagram of solar energy heat collection pipe
Fig. 5 is the schematic cross-section of solar energy collector system
Fig. 6 is the schematical top view of thermal-collecting tube
Fig. 7 is storage heater structure diagram
Fig. 8 is the structure diagram of collecting plate
Reference numeral is as follows：
1 heat collector, 2 temperature difference electricity generation devices, 3 radiators, 4 valves, 5 valves, 6 temperature sensors, 7 temperature difference electricity generation devices enter
Mouth pipe, 8 heat collector outlet pipelines, 9 speculums, 10 thermal-collecting tubes, 11 collecting plates, 12 headers, 13 headers, 14 babinets, 15 controllers,
16 radiator inlet pipes, 17 heat collector water return pipelines, 18 valves, 19 temperature sensors, 20 heat collector oral siphons, 21 heat collectors go out
Mouth pipe, 22 housings, 23 heat pipes, 24 thermoelectric generation films, 25 thermo-electric generation sheet heat radiators, 26 accumulators, 27 users, 28 accumulation of heat materials
Material.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of solar energy collector system, as shown in Figure 1, the system comprises heat collector 1, heat utilization devices（Fig. 1 is implemented
Example in heat utilization device be temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3, but not limited to this, only illustrate）, valve 4, valve 5, valve
18th, temperature sensor 6, the heat collector 1 connect to form circulation loop with temperature difference electricity generation device 2, and heat collector 1 connects with radiator 3
Logical to form circulation loop, the pipeline where temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3 is in parallel, and heat collector 1 absorbs solar energy, heating collection
Water in hot device 1, the water after heating respectively enters temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3 by outlet pipeline 8, in thermo-electric generation
It generates electricity in device 2, exchanges heat in radiator 3, the water flowed out in temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and in radiator 3 is passing through
It crosses in the entrance heat collector 1 of water return pipeline 17 and exchanges heat.
In above system, while power generation in temperature difference electricity generation device 2 by solar energy, can utilize radiator to
Outer heat dissipation.Certainly, radiator and temperature difference electricity generation device can be with one of independent operatings or isolated operation.
As shown in Figure 1, valve 4 is arranged on outlet pipe, for controlling into the total of temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3
Water, valve 5 is arranged on the position of the inlet tube 16 of the pipeline where radiator 3, for controlling into the water of radiator 3
Flow, valve 18 are arranged on the position of the inlet tube 7 of the pipeline at 2 place of temperature difference electricity generation device, enter thermo-electric generation for controlling
The flow of the water of device 2, temperature sensor 6 are arranged at the position of the entrance of radiator 3, for measuring into radiator 3
The temperature of water.The system also includes central controller, the central controller and valve 4, valve 5, valve 18, temperature sensing
Device 6 carries out data connection.
Preferably, when the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures is less than certain temperature, central controller controls valve
5 increase aperture, while control valve 18 reduces aperture, and heat dissipation capacity is increased into the flow of the hot water of radiator 3 to increase.When
When the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures is higher than certain temperature, central controller controls valve 5 reduces aperture, same to time control
Valve 18 processed increases aperture, and heat dissipation capacity is increased into the flow of the hot water of radiator 3 to reduce.
When the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures as low as to a certain degree when, radiator externally exchanges heat at this time ability meeting
It is deteriorated, normal heating demands can not be met, this shows that the collection thermal energy power of solar thermal collector also goes wrong, such as sunlight
It is not now when not having the sun in very strong or evening, valve 4 can be automatically closed at this time, and valve 5 and valve 18 can be beaten completely
It opens, the pipeline where temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator forms a circulation line, and water enters temperature difference electricity generation device, thermo-electric generation
The electric energy of device storage is heated to entering water in temperature difference electricity generation device, and the water of heating, which enters in radiator 3, to radiate.
By above-mentioned operation, in the heat-sinking capability for meeting radiator 3, that is, can meet when sunray is strong
After user's radiating requirements, by more than heat generated electricity by temperature difference electricity generation device 2, solar thermal collector 1 supply thermal energy
In the case of hypodynamic, using the electric energy heating recirculated water of temperature difference electricity generation device storage, to meet the radiating requirements of radiator 3.
Solar energy can be made full use of in this way, avoid the waste of excessive heat.
Preferably, the temperature into the water in radiator 3 can not be utilized to automatically control the flow of water, may be used
The environment temperature on radiator periphery is measured, for example, measuring the indoor temperature of radiator（By setting indoor temperature transmitter）Come
The flow into the water of radiator is automatically controlled, if indoor temperature is too low, increases the flow of the water into radiator 3, such as
Fruit indoor temperature is excessively high, then reduces the flow of the water into radiator 3.
Certainly, one of flow is controlled by indoor temperature on condition that the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures is needed higher than one
Otherwise constant temperature degree, when the thermal-arrest of solar thermal collector is less able, increases flow, heat dissipation effect all will not anyway
Very well.
When the pipeline where temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator forms a circulation line, when temperature sensor 6
When the temperature of measurement is less than certain temperature, controller 15 controls accumulator 26, improves the output power of accumulator 26, with
Improve the temperature for flowing through the water in temperature difference electricity generation device.When the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures is higher than certain temperature,
Controller 15 controls accumulator 26, reduces the output power of accumulator 26, to improve the temperature for flowing through the water in temperature difference electricity generation device
Degree.
Control in this way can rationally utilize the electricity of accumulator, avoid the loss of electricity.
The structure of the temperature difference electricity generation device 2 is as shown in Fig. 2, the temperature difference electricity generation device 2 includes babinet 14, heat pipe
23rd, thermoelectric generation film 24, thermo-electric generation sheet heat radiator 25, controller 15 and accumulator 26, the interior setting heat pipe 23 of babinet, temperature difference hair
One end of electric piece 24 is connected with heat pipe, and the other end is connected with radiator 25, and thermoelectric generation film 24 also passes through controller 15 and electric power storage
Pond 26 is connected.
Preferably, thermoelectric generation film 24 is also connected by controller 15 with user, the required electric energy of user has been provided.
Preferably, controller 15 controls temperature difference electricity generation device is limited to meet user power utilization demand, controller determines first
Electricity needed for user, after the electricity for then sending out thermoelectric generation film subtracts the electricity of user again, remaining electricity is stored in
It is spare in accumulator 26.
Although Fig. 2 shows only a thermoelectric generation film, but be not limited to one in practice, can set multiple with full
The demand to generate electricity enough.
As shown in figure 3, the solar energy collector system, adjacent including thermal-collecting tube 10, speculum 9 and collecting plate 11
It is connected between two thermal-collecting tubes 10 by collecting plate 11, so as to make that pipe is formed between multiple thermal-collecting tubes 10 and adjacent collecting plate 11
Harden structure；The solar energy collector system includes two pieces of tube plate structures, and certain folder is formed between two pieces of tube plate structures
Angle a, as shown in figure 5, the angle direction is opposite with the direction of the circular arc line structural bending of speculum, the focus of speculum 9 D
Between the angle a formed in tube plate structure.
Traditional heat collector is all that thermal-collecting tube is set up directly in focus, once position shifts, then heat is not just
In meeting thermal-arrest to thermal-collecting tube, by above structure, sunlight is radiated at speculum 9, and tube plate structure is reflected by speculum 9,
It will be in the thermal-collecting tube 10 in heat thermal-arrest to tube plate structure.By this structure, even if because installation or operation problem cause
Tube plate structure position changes, then solar energy still can be in thermal-arrest to thermal-collecting tube 10, so as to avoid thermal loss；Simultaneously as
Traditional heat collector is all that thermal-collecting tube is set up directly in focus, causes thermal-collecting tube hot-spot, and thermal-collecting tube is caused locally to damage
Lose excessive, the service life is too short or even causes thermal-collecting tube over-heat inside, generates superheated steam, full of entire thermal-collecting tube, causes thermal-collecting tube
Internal pressure is excessive, damages thermal-collecting tube, and takes the structure of the application, not only can adequately absorb heat, but also can will be hot
Opposite dispersion is measured, heat is avoided excessively to concentrate so that whole thermal-collecting tube heat absorption is uniform, extends the service life of thermal-collecting tube.
As one preferably, the focus D of speculum 9 is located on the midpoint of two pieces of tube plate structure least significant end lines.By upper
State setting, it is ensured that absorb solar energy to the full extent, solar energy is avoided to be lost because of focal shift, also ensure simultaneously
Platy structure is likely to reduced sunlight of the irradiation blocked on speculum 9 as possible.It is experimentally confirmed, using the above structure, too
The absorbent effect of sun is best.
In practice, it has been found that the caliber of thermal-collecting tube 10 cannot be excessive, if caliber is excessive, the water in thermal-collecting tube 10 cannot
It is adequately heated, causes heating effect very poor, on the contrary caliber is too small, then and the water in thermal-collecting tube can overheat, similarly, for collection
The distance between heat pipe 10 is also met the requirements, if the distance between thermal-collecting tube 10 is excessive, the volume of the water in thermal-collecting tube 10
It is too small, water can be caused to overheat, equally, if the distance between thermal-collecting tube 10 is too small, thermal-collecting tube distribution is too close, causes thermal-collecting tube
Water in 10 is unable to reach the problem of predetermined or is necessarily required to more additional auxiliary heating tools；For tube plate structure
Length, also meet certain requirements, if tube plate structure is too long, the excessive sunlight for being irradiated to speculum 9 can be sheltered from, made
The heat that sunlight is absorbed into heat collector is reduced, and is caused to reach ideal heating state, if the length of tube plate structure is too small, be made
Into in excessive solar energy heating to the thermal-collecting tube of small area, thermal-collecting tube is caused to be heated concentration, but also a part of collection can be caused
The solar energy of heat is directly reflected into outside directly without in thermal-arrest to thermal-collecting tube；For angle a, same principle, if
Angle is excessive, then portion's expansion is excessive to area on the mirror, then can shelter from the excessive sunlight for being irradiated to speculum 9, such as
Fruit angle area is too small, then will appear the solar energy of a part of thermal-arrest directly without in thermal-arrest to thermal-collecting tube, but directly reflect
To outside, the loss of heat is caused.Therefore for the distance between the length of tube plate structure, thermal-arrest bore, thermal-collecting tube, tube sheet
Angle, circular arc line radius between structure meet following relationship：
The circular arc line radius of speculum is R, and the length of every piece of tube plate structure is R1, and the radius of thermal-collecting tube is R2, same pipe
The distance in the center of circle of adjacent thermal-collecting tube is L in harden structure, and the angle between two pieces of tube sheets is a, then meets equation below：
R1/R=c*sin(a/2)b,
0.18<R2/L<0.34,
Wherein c, b are coefficient, 0.39<c<0.41,0.020<b<0.035;
0.38< R1/R<0.41,80 °<=A<=150 °, 450mm<R1<750mm,1100mm<R<1800mm,
90mm<L<150mm,20mm<=R2<50mm。
Preferably, c=0.4002, b=0.0275.
Preferably, with the increase of angle a, the coefficient of c, b become larger.More meet the need of real work in this way
It will.
Preferably, the lower wall surface of tube plate structure（The face opposite with speculum 9）Upper setting is used for the protrusion of augmentation of heat transfer,
To strengthen the absorption to solar energy.Along the middle part of tube plate structure（That is extreme higher position）To both sides extreme lower position（That is Fig. 3 thermal-collecting tubes
A is to B, C direction）On extending direction, the height of projection of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube is higher and higher.Find in an experiment, from middle part to
Both sides extend, and caloric receptivity gradually rises, and are because there is the blocking of tube plate structure by analyzing main cause, cause middle part heated most
It is few, and extend from middle part to both sides, it absorbs heat and gradually rises.By the continuous raising of height of projection, can cause entire
Water is heated evenly in thermal-collecting tube, avoids that both sides temperature is excessively high and medium temperature is too low.Intermediate thermal-arrest can also be avoided in this way
The material of pipe is easily damaged at high temperature, and the temperature that can keep entire thermal-collecting tube is uniform, prolongs the service life.
Preferably, the link position along two pieces of tube plate structures（That is the middle part of tube plate structure）To both sides（That is Fig. 3 thermal-arrests
Pipe A is to B, C direction）Extension, the density of protrusions of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube are higher and higher.Main cause is that middle part is heated minimum, and
Extend from middle part to both sides, absorb heat and gradually rise.By the continuous raising of density of protrusions, it can cause entire thermal-collecting tube
Middle water is heated evenly, and avoids that medium temperature is too low and both sides temperature is excessively high.The material of intermediate thermal-collecting tube can also be avoided in this way
Material is easily damaged at high temperature for a long time, and the temperature that can keep entire thermal-collecting tube is uniform, prolongs the service life.
Preferably, the inner wall of thermal-collecting tube 10 can set fin, such as straight fins or helical fin can be set, no
It is different with the interior fin height of thermal-collecting tube, along the link position of two pieces of tube plate structures（That is the middle part of tube plate structure）To both sides
（That is Fig. 3 thermal-collecting tubes A is to B, C direction）Extension, the height of fin gradually decrease.Main cause is the reason of setting protrusion with front
It is identical.
Tube plate structure surface applies heat-sink shell, and the heat-sink shell includes transition zone, infrared successively from inside to outside from tube plate structure
Reflectance coating, heat absorbing coating, anti-reflective coating and protective layer, wherein transition zone, infrared reflection coating, heat absorbing coating, antireflective
The thickness of coating and protective layer is 0.04um, 0.25um, 0.76um, 0.14um, 0.11um respectively；The transition zone is to pass through
The transition zone for the compound that MF reactive magnetron sputtering method deposited metal Al, Si and N are formed；The infrared reflection coating is from interior
It is outward tri- layers of W, Cr, Ag, three layers of thickness proportion is 9:4：7；Heat absorbing coating from inside to outside successively include Nb, Cr, Zr, NbN,
Cr2O3Five layers, three layers of thickness proportion is 8:7:4：4：5；Anti-reflective coating is TiO successively from inside to outside2, AlN, Nb2O5、
Al2O3And Si3N4Five layers, wherein five layers of thickness proportion is 5:4:8:9:2；The ingredient of protective layer is identical with transition zone.
In above layers, by increasing the thickness of the thickness proportion of heat absorbing coating, reduction infrared reflecting layer and antireflection layer,
The absorption to solar energy can be significantly increased, meanwhile, by adjusting infrared reflecting layer and the material of each layer of antireflection layer
Thickness proportion, can also realize the degree reduced to the reflection of sunlight.
Above-mentioned dimension scale is the best result got by nearly hundred kinds of different thickness proportion experiments.Pass through reality
It tests, for the ingredient and thickness using each independent stratum in above-mentioned absorber coatings, the absorptance that can make the absorber coatings of preparation is big
In 0.944, and realize less than 0.041 low-launch-rate.
For the manufacturing method of above-mentioned coating, can use this field pass through frequently with vacuum magnetron sputtering coating film technique system
It is standby.
Shown in Figure 6 for the concrete structure of heat collector, the heat collector includes header 12,13, and thermal-collecting tube 10 connects
Connect two headers 12,13.Certainly, the shape of header should be as shown in figure 3, at an angle at middle part, with the thermal-arrest in Fig. 1
Manage corresponding, Fig. 6 is not shown, only schematic diagram.Heat collector oral siphon 20 in the header 12 is set, is set in header 13
Heater outlet pipe 21.Preferably, heat collector oral siphon 20 and heat collector outlet pipe 21 are arranged on the extreme higher position of top A
Place can ensure that water in header flow from the top down, ensures evenly distributing for water in this way.Otherwise, in the thermal-collecting tube of top
Moisture dosage it is very little, cause hot-spot.
Preferably, only setting heat-sink shell in the lower part of tube plate structure, for the top of tube sheet mechanism, solar-electricity is set
Pond plate, in this manner it is achieved that by a part of heat for generating electricity, a part of heat is realized for heating and adds the double of heat and generating power
It needs again.
Preferably, the material of the thermal-collecting tube of heat collector is albronze, the quality percentage of the component of the albronze
Than as follows：3.9% Cr, 3.6% Ag, 2.6% Mn, 3.25% Zr, 2.3% Ce, 1.5% Ti, 2.36%
Si, remaining is Cu, Al, and the ratio of Cu, Al are 3.23:2.18.
The manufacturing method of albronze is：Using vacuum metallurgy melting, argon for protecting pouring is equal by 800 DEG C into round billet
Homogenize processing, at 630 DEG C, using bar is hot extruded into, then using 556 DEG C of solution hardening after, 220 DEG C carry out it is artificial when
Effect processing.The tensile strength of alloy：Room temperature >=540MPa, 200 DEG C >=420MPa, 300 DEG C >=-250MPa.
After tested, above-mentioned alloy has very high thermal conductivity factor and heat resistance.
Preferably, the outlet pipe connection heat utilization device of heat collector, the heat utilization device can also be hot water storage tank,
Hot water storage tank can be both arranged in parallel with temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3, can also replace temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and heat dissipation
The pipeline of one hot water storage tank one of in device 3 or is only set.Setting insulating layer, institute outside the hot water storage tank
It states insulating layer and includes vacuum thermal insulation plate, the vacuum thermal insulation plate includes core material and high-gas resistance composite membrane, true by taking out
Empty mode coats core material with high-gas resistance composite membrane, forms vacuum thermal insulation plate.From the direction that tank outer wall extends outwardly,
The core material includes at least multilayer inorganic fibre mat, and the multilayer inorganic fibre mat is multiple-level stack or by binding agent multilayer
It connects, at least density of two layers of inorganic fibre mat or ingredient in the multilayer inorganic fibre mat are different.
Preferably, wherein core material includes the internal layer area and/or position of the close water tank wall portion of covering inorfil layer surface
Outer layer zone outside inorganic fibre mat.
Preferably, internal layer area and/or outer layer zone are by aluminosilicate fiberboard, centrifugally glass-wool plate, rock cotton board, textile fabric
One or more in plate, waste paper pulpboard are made.
Preferably, the number of plies of inorganic fibre mat is 30-130 layers.Further preferably 50-80 layers.
Preferably, the density of inorfil is 10-300kg/m3。
Preferably, the density or ingredient of the inorganic fibre mat of two layers of arbitrary neighborhood differ.
Preferably, along inside outward, the density of inorganic fibre mat increases.It is experimentally confirmed, density successively increases
Caused heat insulation is more preferable, can reach the heat insulation of relatively optimization, can improve 10% or so heat insulation.
Preferably, along inside outward, the amplitude that the density of inorganic fibre mat successively increases is less and less.Pass through experiment
Prove, the density of inorganic fibre mat successively increase amplitude it is less and less caused by heat insulation it is more preferable, can reach more preferably
Heat insulation.
Preferably, the big layer of its Midst density and the small layer of density are alternately placed.It is experimentally confirmed, such placement is heat-insulated
Effect is fine, can improve more than 7.3% heat insulation.Preferably, the density of the big layer of density is 100-300kg/m3,
The small density of density is 10-100 kg/m3, select the density under the conditions of this that can reach more preferably insulation effect.
Preferably, superfine glass cotton fiber plate, bulk density 10kg/m3-100 kg/m3, thickness 1mm-9mm.
Aluminosilicate fiberboard bulk density is 20 kg/m3-200 kg/m3, preferably 50-100 m3, thickness 1mm-9mm.
Centrifugally glass-wool plate bulk density is 20 kg/m3-150 kg/m3, preferably 50-100 m3, thickness 2mm-25mm.
Rock cotton board bulk density is 30 kg/m3-200 kg/m3, preferably 70-130 m3, thickness 3mm-35mm.
Preferably, the inorganic fibre mat is microglass fiber plate, aluminosilicate fiberboard, centrifugally glass-wool plate, rock
It is two or more in cotton plate, secondary stock, textile fabric plate to be arranged alternately.
It is exemplified below：
With thickness 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboards（30kg/m3）With thickness 3mm aluminosilicate fiberboards（50kg/m3）It is stacked alternately straight
To 1.2cm, core material of vacuum heat insulation plate is obtained.
Or with thickness 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboards（100kg/m3）With thickness 2mm ceramic beaverboards（70kg/m3）It is alternately folded
It straightens to 1.5cm, obtains core material of vacuum heat insulation plate.
Or be stacked alternately with thickness 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboards and 2mm ceramic beaverboards and 2mm centrifugally glass-wool plates until
2cm obtains core material of vacuum heat insulation plate.
Or it is stacked alternately with 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboards and 3mm ceramic beaverboards, 2mm rock cotton boards until 3cm, obtains true
Empty insulated panel core material.
It is or alternately folded with 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboards and 3mm ceramic beaverboards, 3mm centrifugally glass-wools plate, 3mm rock cotton boards
It straightens to 3cm, obtains core material of vacuum heat insulation plate.
Preferably, storage heater may be used to replace the temperature difference electricity generation device 2 in attached drawing 1.Specific embodiment is as follows：
The solar energy collector system, the system comprises heat collector 1, storage heater and radiator 3, valve 4, valve 5,
Valve 18, temperature sensor 6, the heat collector 1 connect to form circulation loop with storage heater, and heat collector 1 connects shape with radiator 3
Into circulation loop, the pipeline where storage heater and radiator 3 is in parallel, and heat collector 1 absorbs solar energy, heats the water in heat collector 1,
Water after heating respectively enters storage heater and radiator 3 by outlet pipeline 8, exchanges heat in storage heater, by heat storage
It in the heat-storing material of storage heater, exchanges heat in radiator 3, the water flowed out in storage heater and in radiator 3 is passing through
Water return pipeline 17, which enters in heat collector 1, to exchange heat.
In above system, by solar energy while accumulation of heat is carried out to storage heater, can outward it be radiated using radiator.
Certainly, storage heater and radiator can be with one of independent operatings or isolated operation.
As shown in Figure 1, valve 4 is arranged on outlet pipe, for controlling total water into storage heater and radiator 3,
Valve 5 is arranged on the position of the inlet tube 16 of the pipeline at 3 place of radiator, for controlling the flow into the water of radiator 3, valve
Door 18 is arranged on the position of the inlet tube 29 of the pipeline where storage heater, for controlling the flow into the water of storage heater, temperature
Sensor 6 is arranged at the position of the entrance of radiator 3, for measuring the temperature into the water of radiator 3.The system is also wrapped
Central controller is included, the central controller carries out data connection with valve 4, valve 5, valve 18, temperature sensor 6.
Preferably, when the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures is less than certain temperature, central controller controls valve
5 increase aperture, while control valve 18 reduces aperture, and heat dissipation capacity is increased into the flow of the hot water of radiator 3 to increase.When
When the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures is higher than certain temperature, central controller controls valve 5 reduces aperture, same to time control
Valve 18 processed increases aperture, and heat dissipation capacity is increased into the flow of the hot water of radiator 3 to reduce.
When the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures as low as to a certain degree when, radiator externally exchanges heat at this time ability meeting
It is deteriorated, normal heating demands can not be met, this shows that the collection thermal energy power of solar thermal collector also goes wrong, such as sunlight
It is not now when not having the sun in very strong or evening, valve 4 can be automatically closed at this time, and valve 5 and valve 18 can be beaten completely
It opens, the pipeline where storage heater and radiator forms a circulation line, and water, which enters, absorbs what is stored in storage heater in storage heater
Heat, the water of heating, which enters in radiator 3, to radiate.
By above-mentioned operation, in the heat-sinking capability for meeting radiator 3, that is, can meet when sunray is strong
After user's radiating requirements, by more than heat stored by storage heater, it is insufficient in 1 heat capacity of solar thermal collector
In the case of, the heat in storage heater is made full use of, to meet the radiating requirements of radiator 3.The sun can be made full use of in this way
Can, avoid the waste of excessive heat.
Preferably, the temperature into the water in radiator 3 can not be utilized to automatically control the flow of water, may be used
The environment temperature on radiator periphery is measured, for example, measuring the indoor temperature of radiator（By setting indoor temperature transmitter）Come
The flow into the water of radiator is automatically controlled, if indoor temperature is too low, increases the flow of the water into radiator 3, such as
Fruit indoor temperature is excessively high, then reduces the flow of the water into radiator 3.
Certainly, one of flow is controlled by indoor temperature on condition that the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures is needed higher than one
Otherwise constant temperature degree, when the thermal-arrest of solar thermal collector is less able, increases flow, heat dissipation effect all will not anyway
Very well.
When the pipeline where storage heater and radiator forms a circulation line, measured when temperature sensor 6
When temperature is less than certain temperature, central controller controls valve 5 increases aperture, while control valve 18 increases aperture,
To increase heat dissipation capacity is increased into the flow of the hot water of radiator 3.When the temperature that temperature sensor 6 measures is higher than certain temperature
When spending, central controller controls valve 5 reduces aperture, while control valve 18 reduces aperture, enters radiator 3 to reduce
The flow of hot water increase heat dissipation capacity.The aperture of valve 5 and 15 at this time is consistent.
Control in this way can rationally utilize the heat of storage heater, avoid the loss of heat.
For the structure of the storage heater as shown in fig. 7, the storage heater includes housing 22, housing 22 is interior to be provided with accumulation of heat
Material 28, water pipe are arranged in heat-storing material 28, and the water pipe is coiled pipe structure in housing.Water and heat-storing material in water pipe
It exchanges heat, transfers heat to heat-storing material 28.
Preferably, the space of heat-storing material filling housing is the 90-95% of housing volume, is caused with preventing expanded by heating
Housing failure.
The heat-storing material is ceramic material, and the mass component of the ceramic material is as follows：SiO230-32%, 5.1-5.3%
Li2O、6.5-7.8%TiO2, 3.3-3.5%MgO, 1.0-1.3%La2O3, 2.45-2.55%BaO, remaining is Al2O3。
Preferably, SiO231%, 5.22%Li2O、6.85%TiO2, 3.4%MgO, 1.1%La2O3, 2.5%BaO, remaining is
Al2O3。
Above-mentioned heat-storing material be by test of many times obtain as a result, with very high heat storage capacity, it is completely full
Heat being absorbed and utilized in foot solar energy system operational process.
Preferably, the set temperature sensor 19 on the outlet pipeline 8 of heat collector, for measuring the water outlet of heat collector
Temperature, while storage heater set temperature sensor（It is not shown）For measuring the temperature of heat-storing material.In the entrance of storage heater
Valve 18 is set in pipe 7, when valve 4 is opened, when the leaving water temperature of measurement is less than the temperature of heat-storing material, valve
Door 18 is closed.When the leaving water temperature of measurement is higher than the temperature of heat-storing material, valve 18 is opened.It thus is avoided that storage heater will
Water of the heat in feed pipe is transmitted, causes the loss of the heat in storage heater, to ensure that it is enough that storage heater can store
Heat.
Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiments as above, present invention is not limited to this.Any art technology
Personnel without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention should
When being subject to claim limited range.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of solar energy collector system, including heat collector, heat collector includes thermal-collecting tube, speculum and collecting plate, adjacent
It is connected between two thermal-collecting tubes by collecting plate, so as to make to form tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tubes and adjacent collecting plate,
The collecting plate is straight panel, and the tube plate structure is linear structure, and the tube plate structure surface applies heat-sink shell；
Heat-sink shell only is set in the lower part of tube plate structure；
The heat-sink shell includes transition zone, infrared reflection coating, heat absorbing coating, anti-reflective coating successively from inside to outside from tube plate structure
And protective layer, wherein the thickness of transition zone, infrared reflection coating, heat absorbing coating, anti-reflective coating and protective layer is respectively
0.04um、0.25um、0.76um、0.14um、0.11um；The transition zone is to deposit gold by MF reactive magnetron sputtering method
Belong to the transition zone for the compound that Al, Si and N are formed；The infrared reflection coating is from inside to outside tri- layers of W, Cr, Ag, three layers of thickness
Degree ratio is 9:4：7；Heat absorbing coating includes Nb, Cr, Zr, NbN, Cr successively from inside to outside2O3Five layers, five layers of thickness proportion
It is 8:7:4：4：5；Anti-reflective coating is TiO successively from inside to outside2, AlN, Nb2O5, Al2O3And Si3N4Five layers, wherein
Five layers of thickness proportion is 5:4:8:9:2；The ingredient of protective layer is identical with transition zone.
2. system as described in claim 1, including temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator, the heat collector connects with temperature difference electricity generation device
Logical to form circulation loop, heat collector connects to form circulation loop with radiator, the pipeline where temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator
Parallel connection, heat collector absorb solar energy, heat the water in heat collector, and the water after heating respectively enters thermo-electric generation by outlet pipeline
Device and radiator, generate electricity in temperature difference electricity generation device, exchange heat in radiator, in temperature difference electricity generation device and dissipate
The water flowed out in hot device, which enters in process water return pipeline in heat collector, to exchange heat.
3. solar energy collector system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that formed between two pieces of tube plate structures certain
Angle, the angle direction is opposite with the circular arc cable architecture of speculum, and the focus of speculum is located at the folder of tube plate structure formation
Between angle；The focus of speculum is located on the midpoint of two pieces of tube plate structure least significant end lines；The circular arc line radius of speculum is R,
The length of every piece of tube plate structure is R1, and the radius of thermal-collecting tube is R2, the distance in the center of circle of adjacent thermal-collecting tube on same tube plate structure
For L, the angle between two pieces of tube plate structures is a, then meets equation below：
R1/R=c*sin(a/2)b,
0.18<R2/L<0.34,
Wherein c, b are coefficient, 0.39<c<0.41,0.020<b<0.035;
0.38< R1/R<0.41,80 °<=A<=150 °, 450mm<R1<750mm,1100mm<R<1800mm,
90mm<L<150mm,20mm<=R2<50mm。
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| CN106016439A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽省恒胜机电工程股份有限公司 | Central hot water recycling system |
| CN106016783A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽省恒胜机电工程股份有限公司 | Central hot water intelligent utilization system |
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| US4462392A (en) * | 1983-06-23 | 1984-07-31 | Tipton Harry R | Fixed solar collection system |
| US5069540A (en) * | 1990-10-18 | 1991-12-03 | Gonder Warren W | Parabolic solar collector body and method |
| CN2359630Y (en) * | 1998-06-12 | 2000-01-19 | 杨黎明 | High-efficient solar energy heat collecting plate core with convex and concave point |
| CN101814870B (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2011-12-28 | 华南理工大学 | Solar trench type temperature-difference generating device |
| CN101949594B (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-03-21 | 北京印刷学院 | Hemispherical light-collecting secondary reflective solar water heater |
| CN201892340U (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-07-06 | 云南锡业同乐太阳能有限公司 | Heat collector with multilayer solar spectrum selective absorbing coatings |
| KR20120113632A (en) * | 2011-04-05 | 2012-10-15 | 선다코리아주식회사 | Condenser for solar heat absorber of vacuum tube type for concentrating sunlight having uneven type reflector |
| CN103029374A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-10 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Medium-high temperature solar photothermal selective absorbing coating |
| CN202393039U (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-08-22 | 陕西科林能源发展股份有限公司 | Solar heat collection power generator |
| CN104764223B (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-05-11 | 赵炜 | The arc tube plate-type solar thermal collector system that a kind of caliber changes |
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Effective date of registration: 20201014 Address after: No.150 Pingdong Avenue, Pingchao Town, Tongzhou District, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Jiangsu Yongda power telecommunication installation engineering Co., Ltd Address before: 266075 Shandong city of Qingdao province Fuzhou City Road No. 75 building A room 0201 Patentee before: Zhao Wei |