A kind of drying method processed that changes raisins external appearance characteristic and local flavor thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit technique for preparing dry field, be specifically related to a kind of drying method processed that changes raisins external appearance characteristic and local flavor thereof.
Background technology
Grape is the characteristic fruit in Xinjiang, there is the features such as output is large, wide in variety, quality better, raisins are the characteristic dry fruit in Xinjiang equally, orchard worker is directly exposed to the sun grape or Making Raisins in the sun-dried mud brick of ventilation on all sides dries in the air room conventionally under the sun, raisins color and taste homogeneity that this mode is made are poor, and quality is general.
Notification number is that the Chinese utility model patent of CN204180899U discloses a kind of dry fruit Steam Heating cold air cooling color-changing device, notification number is that the Chinese utility model patent of CN204180806U discloses a kind of variable color raisins natural wind cooling and drying device, and the Chinese invention patent that publication number is CN104287074A discloses a kind of dry fruit color changing method and dry fruit color-changing device. In above-mentioned patent documentation, variable color and the taste of raisins all can be controlled and change to disclosed equipment for drying processed, and still, the structure of above-mentioned each equipment for drying processed is all comparatively complicated, and cost is higher, is suitable for batch production and produces, and is not suitable for applying in common orchard worker.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to provide a kind of cost lower, be adapted at the change raisins outward appearance applied in common orchard worker and the drying method processed of local flavor thereof.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a kind of drying method processed that changes raisins external appearance characteristic and local flavor thereof, comprises the following steps:
(1) screening and cleaning, reject breakage and the underproof grape of particle, then the dust on grape surface cleaned up;
(2) screening and the grape grape drying promoter cleaning are processed;
(3) dry in the air be placed in equipment for drying extension processed through the grape of grape drying promoter processing;
Described equipment for drying processed comprises support and is located at the arch top on support top, described support is formed by transverse bar, longitudinal rod and montant overlap joint, the inside of described support is provided with some layers for hanging the bracket of the grape that dries in the air, described support and arch are coated with awning film or sunshade net on top, and it is vertical that the prevailing wind direction in period is dried in the width of described equipment for drying processed and locality;
In the time that cladding material is awning film, needing the intensity of illumination meeting in equipment for drying processed is 1 ~ 1700 μ/m2.s, described equipment for drying processed is provided with ventilation unit, the extension of grape dry in the air direction be North and South direction hang dry in the air;
In the time that cladding material is sunshade net, the intensity of illumination that need meet in noon equipment for drying processed is 5 ~ 30 μ/m2.s, the extension of grape dries in the air direction with local to dry the prevailing wind direction in period parallel.
Further, the width of described equipment for drying processed is 1.5~2m, and length is 1~20m, is highly 1~2.5m.
Further, described bracket is made up of the iron wire that being parallel to each other, and the spacing between adjacent iron wire is 35~45cm, and the floor height between adjacent two layers bracket is 35~45cm.
As preferred a kind of embodiment, described ventilation unit is the ventilating opening of being located on awning film, and described ventilating opening is located at the relative both sides of equipment for drying processed, and the prevailing wind direction in period is dried in locality can be by described ventilating opening through equipment for drying processed inside.
Further, described ventilating opening place is provided with sand prevention/worm net.
As preferred a kind of embodiment, described ventilation unit is the exhaust outlet of being located on awning film, and described exhaust outlet is provided with ventilating fan.
As preferred a kind of embodiment, described ventilation unit also comprises controller, temperature sensor and humidity sensor, and described controller is electrically connected with temperature sensor, humidity sensor and ventilating fan respectively.
Further, described ventilation unit is powered by solar panels or small-sized wind power generator.
As preferred a kind of embodiment, described sunshade net top is provided with rain cover support, and described rain cover support is provided with cloth for keeping out rain.
Further, described sunshade net is double-deck covering.
The drying method processed of change raisins external appearance characteristic of the present invention and local flavor thereof, by the cladding material controlled light intensity on equipment for drying processed and change spectral component, to make different colours, differently flavoured raisins. Compared with the direct airing of tradition, the dry time of system is shorter, and made raisins are clean, color homogeneous, raisins proterties is elongated, oval, outward appearance is beautiful, and market value can promote obviously; Compared with the equipment for drying processed of variable color in prior art, structure is more simple, cost is lower, less for the requirement in place, is adapted at promoting on a large scale in common orchard worker.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 changes the structural representation of the first embodiment of the equipment for drying processed that the drying method processed of raisins external appearance characteristic and local flavor thereof uses for the present invention;
Fig. 2 changes the structural representation of the second embodiment of the equipment for drying processed that the drying method processed of raisins external appearance characteristic and local flavor thereof uses for the present invention;
Fig. 3 changes the connection diagram of automatic control system in the 3rd embodiment of the equipment for drying processed that the drying method processed of raisins external appearance characteristic and local flavor thereof uses for the present invention;
Fig. 4 changes the structural representation of the 4th embodiment of the equipment for drying processed that the drying method processed of raisins external appearance characteristic and local flavor thereof uses for the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated. Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
In description of the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " on ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as D score, 'fornt', 'back', " interior ", " outward " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, construct and operation with specific orientation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and for example, can be to be fixedly connected with, connect integratedly, can be also to removably connect; It can be the connection of two element internals; Can be to be directly connected, also can indirectly be connected by intermediary, for the ordinary skill in the art, can concrete condition understand above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
A kind of drying method processed that changes raisins external appearance characteristic and local flavor thereof of the present embodiment, mainly comprises the following steps: (1) screening and cleaning, reject breakage and the underproof grape of particle, and then the dust on grape surface is cleaned up;
(2) screening and the grape grape drying promoter cleaning are processed;
(3) dry in the air be placed in equipment for drying extension processed through the grape of grape drying promoter processing.
In above-mentioned steps (2), the grape drying promoter and the processing method that adopt are prior art, Chinese invention patent that such as notification number is CN1024490C is disclosed a kind of for impelling grape to accelerate disclosed grape drying promoter of Chinese invention patent that the grape drying promoter of dehydration and production method thereof and using method, notification number are CN1230083C and preparation method thereof etc., therefore grape drying promoter and processing method are not further elaborated at this, the processing time is 1 ~ 2min.
The improvements of the present embodiment drying method processed are, according to using different cladding materials on adopted equipment for drying processed, controlled light intensity and change spectral component, to affect the dry condition of system, finally makes different colours, differently flavoured raisins. Change about Different Covering Material to light quality, reference table 1-table 2, wherein table 1 is for accounting for the ratio of natural daylight through the each wave band light quality of light of sunshade net and awning film; Table 2 is natural daylight, the table of comparisons that accounts for global radiation ratio through each wave band light quality of light after sunshade net and awning film.
The each wave band light quality of table 1 accounts for natural daylight ratio (%)
|
Sunshade net |
Canopy film |
Ultraviolet |
24.123% |
68.682% |
Royal purple light |
13.987% |
83.342% |
Green glow |
14.075% |
89.167% |
Blood orange light |
16.582% |
91.700% |
Near-infrared |
19.511% |
82.222% |
Far infrared |
37.026% |
83.816% |
Global radiation |
18.827% |
85.346% |
The each wave band light quality of table 2 accounts for global radiation ratio (%)
|
Natural daylight |
Sunshade net |
Canopy film |
Ultraviolet |
7.070% |
9.059% |
5.690% |
Royal purple light |
28.944% |
21.503% |
28.265% |
Green glow |
26.440% |
19.766% |
27.623% |
Blood orange light |
17.009% |
14.980% |
18.275% |
Near-infrared |
6.124% |
6.347% |
5.900% |
Far infrared |
14.413% |
28.346% |
14.155% |
Embodiment mono-
Change the first embodiment of the equipment for drying processed that the drying method processed of raisins external appearance characteristic and local flavor thereof uses as the present invention, its structure as shown in Figure 1, comprises support 10 and is located at the arch top 20 on support 10 tops. Its medium-height trestle 10, for to overlap by transverse bar 12, longitudinal rod 11 and montant 13 frame structure forming, is wooden stick, steel pipe etc. for overlapping the material of above-mentioned support. In the present embodiment, the width of equipment for drying processed is determined according to local wind direction, wind speed etc., is conventionally set to 1.5~2m; The length of equipment for drying processed is determined according to real needs such as the quantity of the size in place, the dry grape of required system, the dry scales of system, is generally 1~20m; The height of equipment for drying processed is generally 1.5~2.5m, is convenient to ordinary people's operation.
In the present embodiment, the inside of its support 10 is provided with some layers of bracket 50, and this bracket 50 needs the dry grape of system for hanging to dry in the air. This bracket 50 is made up of the iron wire that being parallel to each other, and this iron wire extends along North and South direction, and the spacing between adjacent iron wire is 35~45cm, and the floor height between adjacent two layers bracket is 35~45cm.
As the special feature of the present embodiment, on its support 10 and arch top 20, be coated with awning film or plastic light-transmission film, and be provided with ventilation unit on its awning film or plastic light-transmission film, this ventilation unit is ventilating opening 30. This ventilating opening 30 is determined according to local prevailing wind direction, requires natural wind to pass equipment for drying processed inside by ventilating opening 30. As preferably, be equipped with ventilating opening 30 at awning film or plastic light-transmission film upper and lower. Further, be provided with sand prevention/worm net 40 at ventilating opening 30 places, this sand prevention/worm net 40 can be rolled storage at ventilating opening 30 places, as runs into dust and sand weather, this sand prevention/worm net 40 can be put down, and prevents that dust and insect from entering equipment for drying processed inside.
In the present embodiment, in the time that cladding material is awning film, needing the intensity of illumination meeting in equipment for drying processed is 1 ~ 1700 μ/m2.s, this intensity of illumination is measured with illuminometer, selects suitable awning film according to measurement result.
The equipment for drying structure processed of the present embodiment is comparatively simple, operation more for convenience, its place of building is unrestricted, concrete floor, Gobi desert all can, with low cost, be easy to promote on a large scale.
Above-mentioned equipment for drying processed build, put towards need according to dry season processed local prevailing wind direction and the orientation of the sun determine, the width of equipment for drying processed is vertical with sunshine, ventilating opening is consistent with prevailing wind direction, makes natural wind can run through by ventilating opening the inside of equipment for drying processed. The cladding material that the equipment for drying processed of the present embodiment adopts is awning film or plastic light-transmission film, strengthen intensity of illumination, improved the temperature in the dry environment of system, change spectral composition and promote chlorophyll to be decomposed into lutein, reduced the generation of brown stain simultaneously, make raisins present golden yellow, reduce the generation of bronzing raisins. Adopt this device Making Raisins comparable sun dry time shorten 10 ~ 20% of system that is directly exposed to the sun, made raisins are clean, present golden yellow, color homogeneous, raisins proterties is elongated, oval, outward appearance is beautiful, and market value can promote more than 10%. This equipment for drying processed is suitable for seedless white, the seedless Cold boiled chicken heart, the emerald green precious grape variety such as seedless is made golden yellow raisins.
Embodiment bis-
The second embodiment that changes the equipment for drying processed that the drying method processed of raisins external appearance characteristic and local flavor thereof uses as the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, this embodiment is that from the difference of embodiment mono-adopted ventilation unit is different to its structure. In the present embodiment, its ventilation unit is included in the exhaust outlet of being located on awning film or plastic light-transmission film, on this exhaust outlet, be provided with ventilating fan 60, ventilating fan 60 is by the power supply of normal domestic electricity, certainly, in the incomplete situation of power supply facilities, also can power with solar panels or small-sized wind power generator in the wild. The equipment for drying processed of the present embodiment, carries out air draft when humidity is higher in system dry early stage, also can people when noon every day, temperature was higher for air draft is to reduce temperature in device, to accelerate rate of drying.
The equipment for drying structure processed of the present embodiment is comparatively simple, operation more for convenience, its place of building is unrestricted, concrete floor, Gobi desert all can, with low cost, be easy to promote on a large scale.
Above-mentioned equipment for drying processed build, put towards need according to dry season processed local prevailing wind direction and the orientation of the sun determine, the width of equipment for drying processed is vertical with sunshine. The cladding material that the equipment for drying processed of the present embodiment adopts is awning film or plastic light-transmission film, has strengthened intensity of illumination, has improved the temperature in the dry environment of system, changes spectral composition and promotes chlorophyll to be decomposed into lutein, has reduced the generation of brown stain simultaneously. Adopt the comparable sun of this device Making Raisins to be directly exposed to the sun the dry time shorten of system more than 20%, made raisins are clean, color homogeneous, raisins proterties is elongated, oval, outward appearance is beautiful, quality is better than the equipment for drying processed of the first embodiment, and market value can promote more than 15%. This equipment for drying processed is suitable for seedless white, the seedless Cold boiled chicken heart, emerald green precious seedless, seedless purple, the purple fragrant grape variety Making Raisins such as seedless.
Embodiment tri-
Change the 3rd embodiment of the equipment for drying processed that the drying method processed of raisins external appearance characteristic and local flavor thereof uses as the present invention, its structure as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, agent structure is identical with the equipment for drying processed of the second embodiment, the difference of this embodiment and embodiment bis-is, also comprise controller 70, temperature sensor 71 and humidity sensor 72, above-mentioned controller 70 is electrically connected with temperature sensor 71, humidity sensor 72 and ventilating fan 60 respectively. In the time that temperature and humidity exceed limit value, ventilating fan moves automatically, thereby reduces temperature in device, accelerate rate of drying. As preferably, in the present embodiment, the limit value of temperature is that 45 DEG C, the limit value of humidity are 60%.
The equipment for drying structure processed of the present embodiment is comparatively simple, operation more for convenience, its place of building is unrestricted, concrete floor, Gobi desert all can, with low cost, be easy to promote on a large scale.
The cladding material that the equipment for drying processed of the present embodiment adopts is awning film or plastic light-transmission film, has strengthened intensity of illumination, has improved the temperature in the dry environment of system, changes spectral composition and promotes chlorophyll to be decomposed into lutein, has reduced the generation of brown stain simultaneously. Adopt the above-mentioned automatic control comparable sun of the equipment for drying Making Raisins processed system dry time shorten more than 20% that is directly exposed to the sun fast, made raisins are clean, color homogeneous, raisins proterties is elongated, oval, outward appearance is beautiful, quality obviously promotes, and market value can promote more than 25%. This equipment for drying processed is suitable for seedless white, the seedless Cold boiled chicken heart, emerald green precious seedless, seedless purple, the purple fragrant grape variety Making Raisins such as seedless.
Embodiment tetra-
Change the 4th embodiment of the equipment for drying processed that the drying method processed of raisins external appearance characteristic and local flavor thereof uses as the present invention, its structure as shown in Figure 4, comprises support 10 and is located at the arch top 20 on support 10 tops. Its medium-height trestle 10, for to overlap by transverse bar 12, longitudinal rod 11 and montant 13 frame structure forming, is wooden stick, steel pipe etc. for overlapping the material of above-mentioned support. In the present embodiment, based on ventilated demand, the width of equipment for drying processed is determined according to local wind direction, wind speed etc., is conventionally set to 1.5~2m; The length of equipment for drying processed is determined according to real needs such as the quantity of the size in place, the dry grape of required system, the dry scales of system, is generally 2~10m; Highly be generally 1~2.5m, be convenient to ordinary people's operation.
In the present embodiment, the inside of its support 10 is provided with some layers of bracket 50, and this bracket 50 needs the dry grape of system for hanging to dry in the air. This bracket 50 needs the dry grape of system for hanging to dry in the air. This bracket 50 is made up of the iron wire that being parallel to each other, and this iron wire extends along its length, and the spacing between adjacent iron wire is 35~45cm, and the floor height between adjacent two layers bracket is 35~45cm.
As the special feature of the present embodiment, on its support 10 and arch top 20, be coated with sunshade net, sunshade net is double-deck covering preferably, need meet that in equipment for drying processed, to measure light intensity be 5-30 μ/m2S, under this intensity of illumination, can prevent chlorophyllous decomposition and brown stain, and prepared raisins present green. In order to reach required intensity of illumination, by changing the number of plies of different sunshade nets or change sunshade net. In order to prevent sunshade net roof leaking, then its sunshade net top is provided with rain cover support 80, and this rain cover support 80 is provided with cloth for keeping out rain. , cloth for keeping out rain is rolled at ordinary times, in the time there is rainy weather, cloth for keeping out rain is put down, and prevents that rainwater from entering equipment for drying processed inside by sunshade net.
The equipment for drying structure processed of the present embodiment is comparatively simple, and more for convenience, its place of building is unrestricted in operation, concrete floor, Gobi desert all can, mainly build or just put in the area spacious, wind speed is larger and meet the requirements, with low cost, be easy to promote on a large scale.
Use the present embodiment equipment for drying processed made there is the advantages such as color homogeneous, clean, raisins proterties is elongated, oval, outward appearance is beautiful, enhance market value is more than 10%, is applicable to the kinds such as seedless white, the seedless Cold boiled chicken heart, seedless purple, purple perfume be seedless.
In a word, the equipment for drying processed that drying method processed of the present invention adopts is simple in structure, easy to operate, with low cost, is adapted at applying on a large scale in orchard worker. By the cladding material on control equipment for drying processed, can change the dry condition of system, and then control color and the local flavor of raisins. By above-mentioned drying method processed, can make golden yellow raisins and green raisin; Dry in the air the time in conjunction with hanging, further can make the differently flavoured raisins such as the type of giving off a strong fragrance, the aromatic while meta-acid of tool, aromatic while of tool be partially sweet.
For example seedless this grape variety of the Cold boiled chicken heart, after the equipment for drying extension processed of the first embodiment and the 4th embodiment dries in the air, can obtain respectively yellow raisins and green raisin. Reference table 3, table 3 is seedless this grape variety of the Cold boiled chicken heart after the equipment for drying extension processed of the first embodiment and the 4th embodiment dries in the air, to the colour measurement result of made green raisin and yellow raisins.
The impact of the dry mode of two kinds of systems of table 3 on ' Thompson seedless ' color
|
De |
L |
A |
B |
Green raisin |
20.98 |
8.52 |
3.98 |
18.12 |
Yellow raisins |
13.18 |
1.48 |
8.2 |
9.9 |
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.