CN105590003A - Interior noise analysis and prediction method of high speed train - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an interior noise analysis and prediction method of a high speed train. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a train reconditioning train body model, a statistical energy analysis model of a body in white structure and an interior and exterior vocal cavity statistical energy analysis model, and carrying out simplification and subsystem division; obtaining the statistical energy analysis parameters of the train body structure and an interior vocal cavity model, and loading the statistical energy analysis parameters onto a train body structure model plate subsystem and a vocal cavity model subsystem; and obtaining exterior vocal excitation source energy borne on the train body, applying the exterior vocal excitation source energy onto the exterior vocal cavity statistical energy analysis model, causing the exterior vocal excitation source energy to reach an interior vocal cavity after the exterior vocal excitation source energy is attenuated by the sound insulation property of a structural plate in a body in white structure model so as to obtain structural noise energy radiated into the train by the reconditioning train body under the function of the two-line suspension force of a compartment, and then, carrying out interior noise analysis and prediction. The problem that the interior noise of the train is difficult in prediction and the problems of the upper limit boundedness of a frequency domain, complex calculation flow, incomplete motivation consideration in the traditional method are overcome, calculation efficiency and prediction accuracy are improved, and development and test cost is lowered.

Description

Noise analysis Forecasting Methodology in a kind of high-speed train

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of noise prediction method, especially related to track traffic vibration and noise fieldA kind of high-speed train in noise analysis Forecasting Methodology, the present invention can be described as statistical acoustics energy flow(SAEF-StatisticalAcousticEnergyFlow) method, proposes based on statistic energy analysis technology,In the bullet train development and Design stage, train internal car noise is carried out to analyses and prediction.

Background technology

The bullet train circuit area coverage of China progressively expands at present, is facilitating to people's tripTime also brought noise problem. The essential distinction of bullet train and ordinary train is train travelling processIn dynamic environment there is qualitative change, active mechanical property is changed into aerodynamic characteristic. Along with carThe raising that speed increases and riding comfort requires, acoustics design has been that the High-Speed Train Design stage is essentialElement. If continue to use traditional noise-reduction method, wait until after real vehicle carries test run and revalue noise problemTake various counter-measures, this is for costly bullet train again, and the later stage is optimized and production costCan further strengthen. If can Accurate Prediction internal car noise level in the train design phase, will be for promotingShort period, cost degradation and the low noise of High-Speed Train Design and manufacture provide reference.

For the large-scale acoustic problems of this class of noise prediction in high-speed train, at present owing to analyzing the restriction of frequency rangeAnd employing structure-acoustical coupling method (FEA-BEA-FiniteElementAnalysis-BoundaryElementAnalysis), mixed finite element analysis-statistic energy analysis method (FEA-SEA), statistic energy analysis method(SEA-StatisticalEnergyAnalysis) three kinds of methods, calculate respectively low frequency, intermediate frequency and height in carAudio-frequency noise. Can carry out more exactly each frequency range acoustical predictions in train car in conjunction with above-mentioned three kinds of methods, stillBecause each method exists deficiency, the required model difference of each method simultaneously, Efficiency is not high. AdoptWith in FEA-BEA research car when low-frequency noise, owing to reorganizing and outfit, the free degree of car body is very large, acoustic model fromRisen with frequency by degree and sharply increase, improving along with analyzing the frequency domain upper limit, the resource that solution procedure is required andTime increases sharply. While adopting FEA-SEA and the interior high-frequency noises of SEA research car, conventionally vehicle body is tiedStructure aluminium section bar can cause the change of plate oise insulation factor while being equivalent to flat board or curved surface subsystem, in addition inside gadget etc.While imitating as acoustics packaging or acoustic absorptivity, ignored the constraint between inside gadget and body in white, these all can causeThe error of internal car noise prediction. On the other hand, the interior noise prediction research of high-speed train at present does not also have completeConsider car external excitation, result of study is the excitation result of certain single sound source mostly. Under this research background,Lack a kind of accurately rational Acoustic Prediction Method for this large-scale acoustic investigation object of bullet train,Guarantee the degree of accuracy of car external excitation, ensureing on the basis of precision of prediction, reduce modeling workload and widen pointAnalyse frequency range, use the acoustic response of full frequency band in the pre-measuring car of the least possible analytical model, for bullet train is establishedThe internal car noise control of meter stage provides foundation.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome in the interior noise prediction method of existing three kinds of high-speed trainsExist analysis frequency domain upper limit limitation, computing cycle is long, amount of calculation is large, calculation process is numerous and diverse, calculating is smartSpend the problems such as not high, provide noise analysis Forecasting Methodology in a kind of high-speed train, to widen internal car noiseAnalyze frequency range, improve computational efficiency and precision of prediction, for the control of train internal car noise provides foundation, can contractThe short bullet train acoustics design cycle, reduce development experiments cost, make train internal car noise meet design and markThe requirement of accurate regulation.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the technical scheme of following steps to realize, as Fig. 1Shown in:

1) that sets up bullet train reorganizes and outfit car body model and body in white structures statistics model of energy, reorganizes and outfit carBody Model is by decoration system FEM model in body in white FEM model and train and traction drive finite elementThe model acquisition that intercouples;

2) dialogue body structure statistic energy analysis model is simplified, and obtains body in white designs simplification statistics energyComponent analysis model partition sub-system, set up respectively inner operatic tunes statistics energy by interior space and the car external spaceAnalytical model and outside operatic tunes statistic energy analysis model, and carry out subsystem division;

3) obtain the sound insulation property parameter of the each plate structure of vehicle body, and it is directly loaded into the letter of body in white structureChange on the car body plate in statistic energy analysis model, obtain each son in inner operatic tunes statistic energy analysis modelThe statistic energy analysis parameter of system, and be loaded into each subsystem of inner operatic tunes statistic energy analysis modelIn system;

4) obtain the suffered outside acoustic excitation sources energy of car body, and be applied to outside operatic tunes statistic energy analysisOn model, the decay of body construction plate sound insulation property in body in white designs simplification statistic energy analysis modelThe operatic tunes in rear arrival car, obtain reorganize and outfit car body under compartment secondary suspension power effect to irradiation structure noise in carEnergy, then carries out internal car noise analyses and prediction.

The present invention pays close attention to outside acoustic excitation sources energy and arrives in car after the decay of car body combination plate sound insulation propertyThe process of the operatic tunes, acoustic energy is to flowing in car from car, and said method can be described as statistical acoustics energy flow sideMethod (SAEF), the model that adopts this method to set up can be described as SAEF model. The body in white structure of its simplificationStatistic energy analysis model, for the outer sound field of runner wagon and vehicle interior sound field, is different from conventional plate structure statisticsModel of energy, it does not need to define detailed plate material parameter, because the sound insulation property of plate is by directBe defined on the joint face of operatic tunes subsystem in body in white structure subsystem and car.

Described body in white structures statistics model of energy is simplified and partition sub-system in the following ways:According to the basic assumption of statistic energy analysis model and subsystem simplification principle, retain the main base of railway carPlinth plate structure, and car body plate aluminium profile structure is reduced to flat board and Curved plate structure, then adopt systemMeter Energy Analysis for High is divided train vehicle body, obtains several structural regions, and each structural region againBe further subdivided into several subsystems, more each structure subsystem is set up to associated pass according to their mutual alignment ownSystem, obtains body in white simplified structure SEA frame model, as body in white designs simplification statistic energy analysis mouldType.

Described main foundation piece plate comprises vehicle window, vehicle window partition, side wall top, side wall bottom, roofMiddle part, roof both sides, access door wall, equipment compartment and floor, the quantity of structural region and main foundation piece plateThe quantity of part is identical.

The described train exterior operatic tunes is divided according to the subsystem of body in white designs simplification statistic energy analysis modelSituation is discrete, and for each outside little operatic tunes, (the outside little operatic tunes is used for transmitting the external drive energy that is carried in this regionAmount is simplified on the car body plate of statistic energy analysis model to corresponding body in white), the little operatic tunes in each outside and whiteIt is corresponding and intercouple that body structure is simplified the subsystem outer surface of statistics energy model, the size of coupling surfaceIdentical, and intercouple between the adjacent little operatic tunes, make the outside operatic tunes cover the whole car except endBody surface, train exterior operatic tunes thickness is 0.4～0.6m.

The inner operatic tunes of described train is divided according to the subsystem of body in white designs simplification statistic energy analysis modelBy interior spatial spreading, for each inner little operatic tunes, (the inner little operatic tunes is used for transmitting corresponding body in white to situationEnergy on the car body plate of statistic energy analysis model is in other operatic tunes in car), each inner little soundThe subsystem inner surface of chamber and body in white designs simplification statistic energy analysis model is corresponding and intercouple, couplingFace measure-alike, the inner operatic tunes of train except equipment compartment is divided into three layers on train height and width,Each size is respectively 0.8～1m and 0.9～1.1m.

The outside acoustic excitation sources energy of the described suffered outside of car body comprises the making an uproar of noise excitation, track of wheelReverberation noise excitation in acoustically-driven, aerodynamic noise excitation and equipment compartment.

The outside acoustic excitation sources energy of the described suffered outside of car body specifically calculates and obtains in the following ways:

1) calculate train wheel rail interaction forces and the compartment secondary suspension power of obtaining:

1.1) adopt vehicle-orbit coupling rigidity many-body dynamics method, set up the many-body dynamics mould of car bodyType;

1.2) under the excitation of track irregularity, by dynamics of rigid bodies simulation calculation, can obtain train withAt the uniform velocity under straight-line travelling, analyze the mutual power of wheel track on train gravity direction and the suspension of process bogie in frequency rangeThe secondary suspension power on compartment that acts on after system attenuation; Analyzing frequency range is 50-4000Hz scope.

2) calculate the noise excitation that obtains wheel:

2.1) set up train wheel FEM model and form 4 wheels pair;

2.2) adopt Lanczos method to calculate the constraint characteristics of mode of single wheel, model trajectory is applied above-mentionedStep 1.2) the mutual masterpiece of wheel track that obtains on gravity direction is vertical wheel rail force, then adopts mode superposition methodOr direct solution calculates the vibratory response of wheel under vertical wheel rail force excitation;

2.3) set up wheel acoustic radiation boundary element model, be limited to 4000Hz, wheel sound spoke owing to analyzing in frequency rangePenetrate the boundary element model largest unit length of side and be about 14mm, adopt Multipole BEM (FMBEM) to calculate carWheel construction radiated noise;

2.4) set up car body surface field point model, extract wheel noise car body surface form acoustically-driven;

3) calculate the noise excitation that obtains track:

3.1) set up complete track FEM model;

3.2) model trajectory being applied to above-mentioned steps 1.2) the mutual masterpiece of wheel track that obtains on gravity direction is verticalWheel rail force, adopts direct solution to calculate the vibratory response of track under vertical wheel rail force excitation;

3.3) extract track vibration response, set up track acoustic radiation boundary element model, adopt multipole boundary elementMethod (FMBEM) is calculated track structure radiated noise;

3.4) set up car body surface field point model, extract track noise car body surface form acoustically-driven;

4) calculate and obtain aerodynamic noise excitation:

4.1) adopting Fluid Mechanics Computation is the pneumatic test of the simulation CFD mould that CFD method is set up bullet trainType;

4.2) adopt companied with k-s turbulence model to carry out steady flow field calculating, adopt subsequently large eddy simulation (LES)Solve instantaneous flow field and reorganize and outfit the fluctuation pressure on the middle node train body surface of car body model described in obtaining;

4.3) fluctuation pressure is converted into after sound source of the dipole, adopts indirect Boundary Element Method Analysis (IBEA) to obtainThe aerodynamic noise of train car body surface when at the uniform velocity travelling;

4.4) set up car body surface field point model, extract aerodynamic noise car body surface form soundExcitation;

5) experimental measurement calculates the noise excitation in equipment cabin:

5.1) near the cooling motor of high-speed trains cabin, arrange sound pressure sensor, measure equipment compartment and make an uproarSound;

5.2) train is according to traveling at the uniform speed, and the acoustic enviroment in train apparatus cabin is similar to reverberation chamber, will recordEquipment compartment noise as reverberation incentive action on the subsystem of inner operatic tunes statistic energy analysis model, pressReverberation noise excitation in sound pressure level formula computing equipment cabin:

$Lp=20\lg \frac{p}{p_0}$

In formula, Lp is equipment interior noise excitation sound pressure level, and unit is dB; P is that equipment compartment measuring point place recordsAcoustic pressure, unit is Pa; p₀For reference acoustic pressure, p in air₀＝20μPa；

6) above-mentioned four excitations are coupled and form the suffered final outside acoustic excitation sources energy of car body.

Described subsystem statistic energy analysis parameter comprises the suction of operatic tunes internal loss factor, interior decoration system in carOise insulation factor and the radiation of train composition under mechanical excitation effect of sonic system number, car body main foundation piece plate are made an uproarSound.

The subsystem statistic energy analysis parameter of described three models is calculated acquisition in the following ways:

1) obtain operatic tunes internal loss factor in car:

1.1) determine reverberation time of the operatic tunes in car: adopt the random signal reverberation method of bursting to measure carThe interior operatic tunes reverberation time, is divided into three sections by the operatic tunes to be measured and measures one by one, gathers the acoustics of measuring point by microphoneAttenuation process;

1.2), according to the reverberation time recording, calculate and obtain operatic tunes fissipation factor η in car:

$\mathrm{\η}=\frac{2.2}{T_{60}f}$

In formula, T₆₀For the reverberation time recording, represent the acoustic energy magnitude decay 60dB time used in the operatic tunes;F is frequency;

2) acoustic absorptivity of decoration system in acquisition train:

In train, the sound absorbing capabilities of decoration system is mainly reflected in the cellular type structures such as cold-proof/absorbent treatment, seat, carpetUpper, process calculating with the form of acoustic absorptivity, the interior each region of seat, carpet and car cellular type structureAcoustic absorptivity obtains by consulting documents and materials such as " noise and vibration control engineering manuals ";

3) oise insulation factor of the each basic plate of acquisition train body structure:

3.1) sound insulation measurement of the each plate of car body is meeting the sound insulation of national standard (GB/T19889.1-2005)In laboratory, carry out;

3.2) method of the test reference national standard (GB/T19889.3-2005) of each plate oise insulation factor regulation,Oise insulation factor calculates by the average sound pressure level of measuring test specimen both sides:

$STL=L_{P_i}-L_{P_t}+10\lg \frac{S}{A}$

In formula,It is the average sound pressure level of the each acoustics measuring point in sounding chamber;The each acoustics measuring point of receiving chamber averageSound pressure level; S is the area of test specimen; A is the absorption of receiving chamber, and unit is m², refer to acoustic absorptivity and chamberThe product of internal surface area, wherein:

$A=\frac{0.16V}{T}$

In formula, V is the volume of receiving chamber; T is the reverberation time of receiving chamber;

Cannot pass through experimental test oise insulation factor for part compoboard and curved panel piece, by Auto-matching layer(AutomaticallyMatchedLayer-AML) its sound insulation property of technological prediction;

4) obtain the radiated noise of train composition under mechanical excitation effect:

4.1) set up bullet train and reorganize and outfit car body FEM model, comprise that body in white, interior decoration system and traction passMoving system;

4.2) adopt Lanczos method to calculate each rank Integral modes frequency of reorganizing and outfit car body FEM modelAnd the vibration shape, in " 200km/h above velocity stage rail truck Intensity Design and test for identification temporary provisions "Reorganize and outfit the 1st vertical bending natural frequency of vibration in rank of car body and must not and reorganize and outfit the mode of car body lower than the regulation of 10HzExperimental Comparison, guarantees to reorganize and outfit the precision of car body FEM model;

4.3) act on bogie secondary suspension power reorganizing and outfit on car body, excite car body to produce vibratory response, extractThe vertical vibration speed of car body inner surface, based on BEA computational methods, prediction obtains under the excitation of secondary suspension powerCar inner structure response noises.

Described internal car noise analyses and prediction are specifically in the following ways:

1) by subsystems such as the operatic tunes internal loss factor calculating, acoustic absorptivity, plate structure oise insulation factors completelyMeter energy spectrometer parameter and outside acoustic excitation sources energy join body in white designs simplification statistic energy analysis mouldType, outside operatic tunes statistic energy analysis model and inner operatic tunes statistic energy analysis model, form sound in car and swashEncourage noise SAEF analyses and prediction model; As the sky of wheel noise excitation, the excitation of track noise, car body surfaceAerodynamic noise excitation, the excitation of equipment compartment noise join train body structure and inside and outside operatic tunes SEA modelIn, obtain acoustically-driven noise SAEF analyses and prediction model in complete car.

2) secondary suspension masterpiece is used in and reorganizes and outfit on car body model and add internal car noise predicted boundary meta-model,Obtain structural vibration-acoustics coupling model of mechanical excitation noise in pre-measuring car;

3) utilize acoustically-driven noise analysis forecast model in car to obtain the acoustic response of each operatic tunes subsystem in car,With reference to standard GB/T/T12816-2006 " restriction of railroad coach internal noise and measuring method ", choose carInterior center, analyze apart from the operatic tunes subsystem of about floor 1.2m, obtain in the car under acoustic excitation and make an uproarSound;

4) utilize mechanical excitation noise in pre-measuring car structural vibration---acoustics coupling model obtains body constructionAcoustic response under mechanical excitation, chooses Che Nei center, analyzes apart from the position of floor 1.2m left and right,Obtain the internal car noise under mechanical excitation;

5), by sound wave principle of stacking, obtain under internal car noise under acoustic excitation and mechanical excitation above-mentionedInternal car noise result superposes in the following ways, obtains overall noise in the car under complete incentive action, completeNoise analysis prediction in high-speed train in pairs:

Wherein L_AlwaysFor overall noise in car, unit is dB; L_SoundFor acoustic excitation noise in car, unit is dB; L_MachineFor mechanical excitation noise in car, unit is dB.

Compared with prior art beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. the inventive method has proposed a kind of statistics energy flow method based on statistic energy analysis, can open at trainBefore sending out the development of design phase, instruction carriage, internal car noise is carried out to analyses and prediction, utilize the method can be at trainThe effect that the acoustics design stage produces different internal car noise control programs is analyzed contrast, makes internal car noiseLevel reaches design and the standard-required of regulation. Overcome traditional noise-reduction method and found ability after noise problemTake later stage that noise reduction measure brings optimize and produce costlyly, and reduce the construction cycle.

2. the inventive method can be considered the outer various incentive actions of car simultaneously, excitation by wheel noise, track noise,Aerodynamic noise, equipment compartment noise and secondary suspension power composition, this is that Forecasting Methodology before this does not also have completeConsider and fail realize, calculation of boundary conditions can be considered more complete.

3. the inventive method compared with the advantage of traditional F EA-SEA, SEA method is: in established model process, and trainBody in white aluminium profile structure need to be reduced to flat board or curved surface SEA subsystem, in FEA-SEA, SEA methodStructure SEA subsystem need to carry out transferring energy by the acoustic response of shaking each other, simplified structure and actual aluminiumThe section bar sandwich sound characteristics that shakes differs greatly, and this equivalent process exists certain error, and side of the present inventionIn method, train body in white structure SEA subsystem is only for the outer sound field of runner wagon and vehicle interior sound field, therefore for carThe precision of interior acoustic response, without any impact, has therefore been eliminated the error that designs simplification brings.

4. the inventive method compared with the SEA parameter of traditional F EA-SEA, the required setting of SEA method still less, reducesParametric solution workload has also been simplified solution procedure. Shaking of structure SEA subsystem in the method for the inventionSound characteristics directly defines to replace by plate structure oise insulation factor, therefore need not solve for definition structureSystem shake modal density, Structure's Internal Loss Factor, structure Coupling fissipation factor, the structure operatic tunes coupling of sound characteristicsClose fissipation factor, greatly reduce workload.

5. the inventive method is different from traditional F EA-BEA, FEA-SEA, SEA method can only be applied to separatelyBe suitable in frequency range, the method for the invention is only paid close attention to outside acoustic excitation sources energy through car body combination plate sound insulation propertyAfter can decay, arrive the process of the operatic tunes in car, acoustic energy from car to flowing in car, only need to a set of analysisThe just acoustic response of full frequency band in measuring car in advance of model greatly reduces modeling on the basis that ensures precision of predictionWorkload has also been widened analysis frequency range.

Brief description of the drawings

Set up body structure SEA model, set up the operatic tunes and the outer operatic tunes of car in car below in conjunction with bullet train featureSEA model, determine body structure and Che Nei operatic tunes subsystem SEA parameter, determine the suffered outside of vehicle bodyExcitation energy, and carry out noise prediction in high-speed train, and in conjunction with relevant drawings, the present invention is done furtherExplanation:

Fig. 1 is the analysis process block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is for adopting the inventive method that train body in white is divided into structural region, and each region has comprised multipleSEA flat board and Curved plate structure subsystem, be further divided into several structure subsystems, and each structure subsystem is pressedCouple together and obtain one of bullet train body structure simplification SEA illustraton of model according to corresponding relation.

Fig. 3 is for adopting the inventive method that train body in white is divided into structural region, and each region has comprised multipleSEA flat board and Curved plate structure subsystem, be further divided into several structure subsystems, and each structure subsystem is pressedCouple together and obtain two of bullet train body structure simplification SEA illustraton of model according to corresponding relation.

Fig. 4 is for adopting the inventive method on above-mentioned train body structure SEA model basis, the operatic tunes outside car to be drawnThereby be divided into several operatic tunes subsystems and set up the car SEA model of the operatic tunes outward;

Fig. 5 for adopt the inventive method in Fig. 2 on train body structure SEA model basis the operatic tunes in carThereby be divided into several subsystems and set up the SEA model of the operatic tunes in car;

The outer operatic tunes dimensional drawing of high-speed train that Fig. 6 obtains for adopting the embodiment of the present invention;

The interior operatic tunes dimensional drawing of high-speed train that Fig. 7 obtains for adopting the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 adopts in the car that obtains of the embodiment of the present invention operatic tunes internal loss factor with the change curve of frequency;

Fig. 9 adopts the change curve of the carpet acoustic absorptivity that obtains of the embodiment of the present invention with frequency;

Figure 10 adopts the change curve of the seat acoustic absorptivity that obtains of the embodiment of the present invention with frequency;

Figure 11 adopts the change curve of the vehicle window oise insulation factor that obtains of the embodiment of the present invention with frequency;

Figure 12 adopts the railway car side wall upper, middle and lower portion oise insulation factor that obtains of the embodiment of the present invention with frequencyChange curve;

Figure 13 adopts railway car roof middle part that the embodiment of the present invention obtains and roof both sides oise insulation factor with frequencyThe change curve of rate;

Figure 14 is railway car glass partition, corridor top board and the ventilation top board that adopts the embodiment of the present invention to obtainOise insulation factor is with the change curve of frequency;

Figure 15 adopts the train forecarriage that the embodiment of the present invention obtains to take turns to wheel rail force the variation song with frequencyLine;

Figure 16 adopts the variation song of the train forecarriage secondary suspension power that obtains of the embodiment of the present invention with frequencyLine;

Figure 17 adopts after the wheel noise air-borne transmission that obtains of the embodiment of the present invention at car body surface formation soundThe analytical model of excitation;

Figure 18 forms at car body surface after the wheel noise air-borne transmission that adopts the embodiment of the present invention to obtainFrequency is the sound pressure level cloud charts of 2000Hz;

Figure 19 adopts the wheel noise that obtains of the embodiment of the present invention at bogie pivot center and car body surface centerSound pressure level 1/3rd octave results;

Figure 20 adopts after the track noise air-borne transmission that obtains of the embodiment of the present invention at car body surface formation soundThe analytical model of excitation;

Figure 21 forms at car body surface after the track noise air-borne transmission that adopts the embodiment of the present invention to obtainFrequency is the sound pressure level cloud charts of 2000Hz;

Figure 22 adopts the track noise that obtains of the embodiment of the present invention at bogie pivot center and car body surface centerSound pressure level 1/3rd octave results;

Figure 23 is the wind-tunnel CFD that adopts the calculating train aerodynamic noise excitation that the embodiment of the present invention obtainsModel;

Figure 24 is car body surface while adopting the bullet train travel speed that obtains of the embodiment of the present invention to be 350km/hThe cloud charts of fluctuation pressure level in the time that frequency is 2000Hz;

Figure 25 is at bogie while adopting the bullet train travel speed that obtains of the embodiment of the present invention to be 350km/hSound pressure level 1/3rd octave results of aerodynamic noise that form with vehicle body side center;

Figure 26 is while adopting the bullet train travel speed that obtains of the embodiment of the present invention to be 350km/h in equipment compartmentNear sound pressure level 1/3rd octave results of noise of equipment excitation cooling motor;

Figure 27 be adopt that the embodiment of the present invention obtains reorganize and outfit car body at the secondary suspension power effect inner structure spoke of getting offPenetrate noise sound 1/3rd octave results;

Figure 28 is by adopting the SEA parameter that arranges that the embodiment of the present invention obtains to be obtained with applying after each noise encouragesBullet train internal car noise SAEF analytical model;

Figure 29 is that the bullet train travel speed that adopts the embodiment of the present invention to obtain is 350km/h Shi Chenei centerLocate noise sound 1/3rd octave results and the correlation curve with experimental test result.

In figure, mark is expressed as: in vehicle window 1, vehicle window partition 2, side wall top 3, side wall bottom 4, roofPortion 5, roof both sides 6, access door wall 7, equipment compartment 8, floor 9, a wheel noise prediction point model 10,Wheel noise prediction bogie pivot center observation station 11, wheel noise prediction center, side observation station 12, wheel shakeMoving-acoustics coupling model 13, track noise prediction field point model 14, track noise prediction bogie pivot center are seenMeasuring point 15, center, track noise prediction side observation station 16, track vibration-acoustics coupling model 17, wind-tunnelAir inlet 18, train to be measured 19, a car 20, trailer 21, wind-tunnel 22, wind-tunnel air outlet 23.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:

As shown in Figure 1, in high-speed train of the present invention, noise analysis Forecasting Methodology is correlated with according to multipleThe regulation of national standard proposes statistical acoustics energy flow (SAEF) on statistic energy analysis (SEA) method basisMethod, can carry out analyses and prediction to train internal car noise in the train design phase, for internal car noise control providesReference. Internal car noise analyzing and predicting method comprises SEA modeling, the train inside operatic tunes and outer of body in white structureThe inside and outside operatic tunes subsystem SEA parameter of the operatic tunes SEA of portion modeling, body structure and car is determined, train exterior excitationDetermining and internal car noise analyses and prediction five steps of energy.

I. set up body in white structure SEA model

Consult Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, according to the basic assumption of statistic energy analysis model and subsystem simplification principle, adoptBody in white can be divided into several structural regions by SEA method, then structural region be dividedFor several structure subsystems, each structure subsystem is coupled together and obtains bullet train according to its correlationBody in white designs simplification SEA model (as shown in Figures 2 and 3). Train body in white structure is actual is veryComplicated, the structural system of its SEA model partition is to ignore on the basis that retains train bulk plate structureLocal labyrinth is also reduced to aluminium section bar sandwich to obtain after flat board or Curved plate structure, body in whiteBe divided into several structural regions as shown in table 1 below:

Table 1

Accompanying drawing number	Structural region	Structural property	Material
				1	Vehicle window	Dull and stereotyped	Glass
2	Vehicle window partition	Dull and stereotyped	Aluminium section bar
				3	Side wall top	Curved slab	Aluminium section bar
4	Side wall bottom	Dull and stereotyped	Aluminium section bar
				5	Roof middle part	Dull and stereotyped	Aluminium section bar
6	Roof both sides	Curved slab	Aluminium section bar
				7	Access door wall	Dull and stereotyped	Aluminium section bar
8	Equipment compartment	Flat board and curved slab	Aluminium section bar
				9	Floor	Dull and stereotyped	Aluminium section bar

II. set up car inside and outside operatic tunes SEA model

Consult Fig. 4 to Fig. 7, on above-mentioned bullet train body in white structure SEA model basis, in compartmentOperatic tunes SEA model is set up in portion and outside, comprises that the outside operatic tunes of bodywork surface and the Che Nei operatic tunes are (as Fig. 4 and TuShown in 5).

The outside operatic tunes of car should be correspondingly discrete according to train body structure SEA model structure subsystem dividing conditionFor each little operatic tunes, each little operatic tunes should intercouple with each body structure subsystem outer surface of correspondence, withBetween the little operatic tunes of Shi Xianglin, also intercouple to ensure the energy transmission between the operatic tunes, the outside operatic tunes of bodywork surfaceShould cover whole railway car (except both ends, compartment). Outside operatic tunes thickness, namely operatic tunes outer surface distanceThe distance of bodywork surface, can not impact calculating, and thickness range can be set between 0.4～0.6m.

The inner operatic tunes of car according to the dividing condition of vehicle body SEA model structure subsystem is correspondingly discretely equallyThe little operatic tunes, the interior operatic tunes of looking out for the car is from the side full of whole interior and is roughly divided into 9 equal portions, near car bodyThe operatic tunes and body structure subsystem inner surface intercouple, simultaneously also phase mutual coupling between inner adjacent each operatic tunesClose to ensure that internal energy flows. Inner operatic tunes thickness namely arrives structural table near its surface of the operatic tunes of structureThe distance of face is roughly 1/3rd of box width and height, is roughly between 0.9～1.1m and 0.8～1m.

Che Nei center, be made as the analyses and prediction operatic tunes apart from the operatic tunes of about floor 1.2m, this is to mark according to countryThe regulation of accurate GB/T12816-2006 " restriction of railroad coach internal noise and measuring method " to point position.Finally car inside and outside operatic tunes SEA model and body structure SEA model are coupled together, just obtain bullet trainInternal car noise analyses and prediction SAEF model, car inside and outside operatic tunes size as shown in Figure 7.

III. determine body structure and car inside and outside operatic tunes system SEA parameter

1. determine operatic tunes internal loss factor in train car

1) determine reverberation time of the operatic tunes in car

The so-called reverberation time refers to the acoustic energy magnitude decay 60dB time used in the operatic tunes. The interior operatic tunes of train carReverberation time adopts B&K data collecting system acquisition system to test, capital equipment comprise notebook computer,B&K data acquisition front, microphone, sound source etc. Adopt the random signal reverberation method of bursting, measureObtain the operatic tunes reverberation time in car.

Because train body is rectangle, while adopting sound source to encourage the whole operatic tunes, easily cause response skewnessEven, may there is the phenomenon of the not enough 60dB of indivedual acoustics measuring points, therefore, in process of the test, the operatic tunes is dividedBeing 3 sections measures one by one. For each operatic tunes region carry out the reverberation time measure time, by a spherical sound sourceSend white noise, after signal stabilization, close sound source, have multiple adjustable for height microphones to gather not coordinationThe acoustic attenuation process of putting.

2), according to the reverberation time recording, calculate and obtain operatic tunes fissipation factor in car:

$\mathrm{\η}=\frac{2.2}{T_{60}f}$

In formula, T₆₀For the reverberation time recording, represent the acoustic energy magnitude decay 60dB time used in the operatic tunes;F is frequency. In train car, operatic tunes internal loss factor measuring and calculation result as shown in Figure 8.

2. determine the acoustic absorptivity of decoration system in train

In train, the sound absorbing capabilities of decoration system is mainly reflected in the cellular type structures such as cold-proof/absorbent treatment, seat, meterCalculation process is processed with the form of acoustic absorptivity. The acoustic absorptivity of each region cellular type structure in seat and carObtain by consulting documents and materials such as " noise and vibration control engineering manuals ". Interior decoration system comprise carpet,The acoustic absorptivity of seat as shown in Figure 9, Figure 10.

3. determine the oise insulation factor of the each basic plate of train body structure

Basis plate is as the element of train body structure, and its sound insulation property directly has influence on carBody intercepts ability into the car of pass-by noise, the basic plate the present invention relates to comprise vehicle window, glass partition,Floor, corridor top board, side wall composite plate and guest room top board. Because the present invention adopts the each plate of direct definition car bodyPart oise insulation factor characterizes the acoustic response characteristic of shaking that conventionally needs defined attribute calculation of parameter to obtain, and therefore ensures eachThe degree of accuracy of plate oise insulation factor is extremely important. Sound insulation measurement is meeting national standard " building and building element sound insulationMeasure part 1: the test facilities of the downtrod laboratory of flanking transmission require " (GB/T19889.1-2005)In sound insulation testing room, carry out, formed by a sounding chamber and a receiving chamber. Two corners in sounding chamber are eachPlacing sound source is the indoor effect that reaches reverberation, and the region that is symmetrical in test specimen in sounding chamber and receiving chamber arranges 5Individual microphone gathers acoustic signal.

The test reference national standard of basis plate oise insulation factor " building and building element sound insulation measurement Part III:The laboratory measurement of building element air-borne sound sound insulation " (GB/T19889.3-2005), oise insulation factor can be passed throughThe average sound pressure level of measuring test specimen both sides calculates:

$STL=L_{P_i}-L_{P_t}+10\lg \frac{S}{A}$

In formula,Be the average sound pressure level of 5 the acoustics measuring points in sounding chamber, unit is dB;Receiving chamber 5The average sound pressure level of individual acoustics measuring point, unit is dB; S is the area of test specimen; A is the absorption of receiving chamber,Unit is m², refer to the product that acoustic absorptivity and chamber internal surface are long-pending, wherein

$A=\frac{0.16V}{T}$

In formula, V is the volume of receiving chamber; T is the reverberation time of receiving chamber, in its measuring method and aforementioned carReverberation time measures identical.

Experimental test oise insulation factor cannot be passed through for part compoboard and curved panel piece, Auto-matching layer can be passed through(AutomaticallyMatchedLayer-AML) its sound insulation property of technological prediction. According to above-mentioned test and imitativeTrue each basic plate and the groups such as vehicle window, glass partition, corridor top board, side wall composite plate and guest room top board of obtainingThe oise insulation factor of plywood part, as shown in Figure 11～14.

IV. determine the suffered external drive energy of bullet train vehicle body

Because pass-by noise excitation test measured value is outer each sound source coupling result of car, be difficult to it is eachSelf-separation out, therefore, adopts simulated prediction method to calculate each sound source excitation energy size.

1. determine train wheel rail interaction forces and compartment secondary suspension power

When train is at the uniform velocity when straight-line travelling, wheel rail force is taken as the leading factor with vertical, can be firm based on vehicle-orbit couplingProperty many-body dynamics is predicted. Set up the many bodies of suitable rigidity of vehicle body according to the actual parameter in the compartment of analyzingKinetic model.

Add track irregularity excitation, after dynamics of rigid bodies simulation calculation, can extract train with oneAt the uniform velocity travel wheel-rail interaction power on Train gravity direction and through bogie suspension of constant speed degreeThe secondary suspension power on compartment that acts on after decay.

In the time that train running speed is 350km/h, calculates train forecarriage and take turns wheel rail force with frequencyChange curve (as shown in figure 15), and train forecarriage secondary suspension power is with the change curve of frequency(as shown in figure 16),, because secondary suspension power does not have larger peak value more than 200Hz, in figure, do not provideResult in 200～4000Hz frequency range.

2. determine the noise excitation energy of wheel

Train is at the uniform velocity when straight-line travelling, and wheel noise mainly refers to rolling noise, does not consider impact noise and curveWhistler. Wheel causes vibration and then the product of ambient air medium after producing under the effect of wheel rail force and vibratingThereby raw sound wave forms wheel noise excitation to external radiation.

For carrying out shake sound prediction of wheel, first need to set up 4 wheels pair of 8 wheel FEM models compositions.Train wheel is all axially symmetric structure substantially, has fixing section feature along azimuthal direction, bagDraw together axis hole, wheel hub, disc, wheel rim, wheel rim and tread, for promoting the consistent of physical model and simulation modelProperty, these features all will embody in the time of modeling, in addition wheel adopt tetrahedron element carry out discrete, andDefine wheel material attribute. Adopt Lanczos method to calculate the constraint characteristics of mode of each wheel, then adoptMode superposition method or direct solving method calculate the vibratory response of wheel under vertical wheel rail force excitation. Extract wheelThe normal vibration speed of outer surface is as boundary condition, and setting up the largest unit length of side is the wheel border of 14mmMeta-model, with wheel FEM model composition car wheel structure vibration-acoustics coupling model 13. Adopt multipole limitUnit of boundary algorithm calculates the radiated level spectrum results of wheel. Adopt shape as the field point mould of car body surfaceType 10, extract wheel noise car body surface form acoustically-driven, after wheel noise air-borne transmission at car bodyThe sound pressure level cloud charts (as shown in figure 18) that the frequency that surface forms is 2000Hz, chooses in bogie17 two points of observation in the heart 11 and vehicle body side center obtain the acoustic characteristic (as shown in figure 19) of wheel noise,Finally by field point model according to the corresponding zoning of body construction SEA subsystem, each region wheel noise acoustic pressureLevel is tried to achieve mean value as wheel noise excitation value sound pressure level result corresponding to this region.

3. determine the noise excitation energy of track

Rail rolling noise occupies leading position in track noise, and train at the uniform velocity when straight-line travelling, is only consideredThe noise of rail under vertical rail force excitation. According to actual track structure, set up complete board-like knotStructure FEM model, model trajectory comprises rail, fastener, track plates and concrete bed, wherein rail is adoptedDiscrete with tetrahedron element, railway roadbed adopts hexahedral element discrete, and fastener is reduced to spring damping unit.

Track shake acoustic response calculate with wheel shake acoustic response compute classes seemingly, track FEM model and track limitBoundary's meta-model composition track structure vibration-acoustics coupling model 17 is also to adopt shape as the field point model of car body14 extract track acoustically-driven, form the analytical model of acoustically-driven after track noise air-borne transmission at car body surface(as shown in figure 20) frequency, forming at car body surface after track noise air-borne transmission is 2000HzSound pressure level cloud charts (as shown in figure 21), track noise is at bogie pivot center 15 and vehicle body side centerThe acoustic characteristic (as shown in figure 22) of 16 two points of observation, finally by field point model according to body construction SEAThe corresponding zoning of subsystem, each region track noise sound is tried to achieve mean value as rail corresponding to this regionRoad noise excitation value sound pressure level result.

4. determine aerodynamic noise excitation energy

Adopt Fluid Mechanics Computation (ComputationalFluidDynamics-CFD) method, set up row at a high speedThe wind tunnel model (as shown in figure 23) of car, wind tunnel model is mutual for simulated air flow field and train surfaceEffect, extracts fluctuation pressure and aerodynamic noise. Wind tunnel model comprises air inlet 18, by test run 19, headCar 20, trailer 21, wind-tunnel profile 22 and air outlet 23. When the width of wind-tunnel with highly reach 5 times of overall widthDuring with overall height, wind-tunnel profile is very little to car body surface flow. In addition, on the frequency domain of result of calculationLimit f_maxDetermine by calculating step delta t in time domain, following table 2 is train wind tunnel model and large eddy simulation parameter.

$f_{max}=\frac{1}{2\·\mathrm{\Δ}t}$

Table 2 train wind tunnel model and large eddy simulation parameter

Because large eddy simulation LES has certain requirement for initial flow-field, first adopt companied with k-s turbulent flowModel carries out steady flow field calculating, adopts LES to calculate the fluctuation pressure level distribution clouds of tested car body surfaceFigure (result under 2000Hz as shown in figure 24). Fluctuation pressure is converted into after sound source of the dipole, in conjunction with betweenThe air force of car body surface when connecing boundary element method (IBEA) and can obtaining train and travel with 350km/h speedNoise, and by shape as car body field point model extract.

According to above-mentioned emulation mode, obtain aerodynamic noise at bogie pivot center and vehicle body side center twoThe acoustic characteristic (as shown in figure 25) of point of observation, finally by field point model according to body construction SEA subsystemCorresponding zoning, each regional air kinetic noise sound pressure level is tried to achieve mean value as air corresponding to this regionKinetic noise excitation value sound pressure level result.

5. determine the noise excitation energy of equipment compartment

Noise source characteristic in equipment compartment is very complicated, has rotational noise, the traction convertor/transformer of fanElectromagnetic noise, airborne noise, the mechanical noise of equipment work etc. of skirtboard fence, carry based on simulation meansGet various noise sources and be difficult to realize, can be by having arranged that at equipment compartment diverse location acoustic sensor directly measuresOverall noise in cabin. While operation according to certain speed due to train, the acoustic enviroment in equipment compartment is similar toReverberant field, therefore measuring point can be recorded noise as reverberation incentive action in cabin on operatic tunes subsystem; PressSound pressure level formula calculates reverberation noise excitation in equipment compartment:

$Lp=20\lg \frac{p}{p_0}$

In formula, Lp is equipment interior noise excitation sound pressure level, and unit is dB; P is that equipment compartment measuring point place recordsAcoustic pressure, unit is Pa; p₀For reference acoustic pressure, p in air₀＝20μPa。

Obtain the noise excitation (as shown in figure 26) of equipment compartment according to above-mentioned measuring and calculation method.

6. determine the radiated noise of train composition under mechanical excitation effect

Predict the mechanical incentive action inner structure radiated noise of getting off, first need to set up the finite element of reorganizing and outfit car bodyModel, mainly comprises body in white, interior decoration system and 3 subsystems of traction drive. Adopt LanczosMethod calculates each rank Integral modes frequency and the vibration shape of reorganizing and outfit car body FEM model, with reference to " 200km/hAbove velocity stage rail truck Intensity Design and test for identification temporary provisions " in to reorganize and outfit the 1st rank of car body verticalThe bending natural frequency of vibration must not, lower than the regulation of 10Hz and the modal test contrast of reorganizing and outfit car body, guarantee to reorganize and outfit carThe precision of body FEM model. Act on bogie secondary suspension power reorganizing and outfit on car body, excite car body to produce and shakeDynamic response, the vertical vibration speed of extraction car body inner surface, based on Element BEM (BEA), prediction obtainsCar inner structure response noises (as shown in figure 27) under the excitation of secondary suspension power.

V. internal car noise analyses and prediction

Consult Figure 27 and Figure 28, by the operatic tunes internal loss factor calculating, acoustic absorptivity, plate structure everyThe SEA model parameters such as volume, and the outside input stimulus that is subject to of car body, as wheel noise excitation, trackAerodynamic noise excitation, the excitation of equipment compartment noise of noise excitation, car body surface join train body knotIn structure and inside and outside operatic tunes SEA model, obtain acoustically-driven noise SAEF analyses and prediction model in complete car(as shown in figure 28). Utilize acoustically-driven noise SAEF analyses and prediction model in car can obtain each operatic tunes in carThe acoustic response of subsystem, with reference to standard GB/T/T12816-2006 " railroad coach internal noise restriction andMeasuring method ", choose Che Nei center, predict apart from the operatic tunes subsystem of floor 1.2m left and right, obtainAcoustically-driven noise in car.

Secondary suspension masterpiece is used in and reorganizes and outfit on car body and add internal car noise predicted boundary meta-model, obtain carInterior mechanical excitation noise prediction structural vibration-acoustics coupling model, utilizes this model can obtain car body mechanism machineTool excitation acoustic response, with reference to standard GB/T/T12816-2006 " restriction of railroad coach internal noise and surveyMetering method ", choose Che Nei center, predict apart from position in the car of floor 1.2m left and right, obtain in carMechanical excitation noise.

By sound wave principle of stacking, by internal car noise and machine under the acoustic excitation that adopts SAEF method to obtainInternal car noise result under tool excitation superposes, and obtains overall noise in the car under complete incentive action, stackPrinciple is as follows:

Wherein L_AlwaysFor overall noise in car, unit is dB; L_SoundFor acoustic excitation noise in car, unit is dB; L_MachineFor mechanical excitation noise in car, unit is dB.

Can obtain in car overall noise with as shown in frequency variation curve (as Figure 29) by above-mentioned formula, and can askObtaining future position A weighted sound pressure level total value is 67.2dB (A). In order to verify having that internal car noise predicts the outcomeEffect property, according to standard GB/T/T12816-2006 " restriction of railroad coach internal noise and measuring method ",Instruction carriage is carried out at the uniform velocity noise testing in linear vehicle of 350km/h, obtain the test of corresponding center in carResult (as shown in figure 29), its A weighted sound pressure level total value is 65.0dB (A). As we know from the figure, existAnalyze in the interior 50～4000Hz frequency range of frequency range, the emulation of the Che Nei center operatic tunes is total with test sound pressure level curvilinear trendOn body, be consistent, except error in indivedual frequency ranges is larger, the error overall control of emulation and test is at 3dBIn, engineering demands. In addition, in analysis frequency range, the emulation of the Che Nei center operatic tunes and test A meterPower sound pressure level total value differs 2.2dB (A), is controlled at equally in rational error range, and explanation predicts the outcomeThe inventive method can solve its technical problem, improved computational efficiency and precision of prediction, shown the present inventionSAEF method prediction multiple physical field excitation coupling under high-speed train in the reliability of acoustic responseWith outstanding technique effects such as validity.

Claims (9)

1. a noise analysis Forecasting Methodology in high-speed train, set up bullet train reorganize and outfit car body model andBody in white structures statistics model of energy, reorganizes and outfit car body model by body in white FEM model and train interior trimThe acquisition that intercouples of system FEM model and traction drive FEM model, is characterized in that:

Dialogue body structure statistic energy analysis model is simplified, and obtains body in white designs simplification statistics energyAnalytical model partition sub-system, set up respectively inner operatic tunes statistics energy by interior space and the car external space and divideAnalyse model and outside operatic tunes statistic energy analysis model, and carry out subsystem division;

Obtain the sound insulation property parameter of the each plate structure of vehicle body, and it is directly loaded into body in white designs simplificationOn car body plate in statistic energy analysis model, obtain each subsystem in inner operatic tunes statistic energy analysis modelThe statistic energy analysis parameter of system, and be loaded into each subsystem of inner operatic tunes statistic energy analysis modelIn;

Obtain the suffered outside acoustic excitation sources energy of car body, and be applied to outside operatic tunes statistic energy analysis mouldIn type, after the decay of body construction plate sound insulation property in body in white designs simplification statistic energy analysis modelArrive the operatic tunes in car, obtain reorganize and outfit car body under compartment secondary suspension power effect to irradiation structure noise energy in carAmount, then carries out internal car noise analyses and prediction.

2. noise analysis Forecasting Methodology in a kind of high-speed train according to claim 1, its feature existsIn: described body in white structures statistics model of energy is simplified and partition sub-system in the following ways:Retain the main foundation plate structure of railway car, and car body plate aluminium profile structure is reduced to flat board and songPanel construction, then adopts SEA method to divide train vehicle body, obtains several structuresRegion, each structural region is further subdivided into again several subsystems, then each structure subsystem according to them originallyIncidence relation is set up in body mutual alignment, obtains body in white simplified structure SEA frame model, ties as body in whiteStructure is simplified statistic energy analysis model.

3. noise analysis Forecasting Methodology in a kind of high-speed train according to claim 2, its feature existsIn: described main foundation piece plate comprise vehicle window (1), vehicle window partition (2), side wall top (3),Side wall bottom (4), roof middle part (5), roof both sides (6), access door wall (7), equipment compartment (8)And floor (9), the quantity of structural region is identical with the quantity of main foundation piece plate.

4. noise analysis Forecasting Methodology in a kind of high-speed train according to claim 1, its feature existsIn: the described train exterior operatic tunes is divided according to the subsystem of body in white designs simplification statistic energy analysis modelSituation is discrete is each outside little operatic tunes, the little operatic tunes in each outside and the statistic energy analysis of body in white designs simplificationThe subsystem outer surface of model is corresponding and intercouple, coupling surface measure-alike, and adjacent little soundBetween chamber, intercouple, make the outside operatic tunes cover the whole bodywork surface except end.

5. noise analysis Forecasting Methodology in a kind of high-speed train according to claim 1, its feature existsIn: the inner operatic tunes of described train is divided according to the subsystem of body in white designs simplification statistic energy analysis modelSituation is each inner little operatic tunes by interior spatial spreading, each inner little operatic tunes and the letter of body in white structureThe subsystem inner surface of changing statistic energy analysis model is corresponding also to intercouple, and coupling surface measure-alike removesThe inner operatic tunes of train beyond equipment compartment on train height and width, be divided into three layers.

6. noise analysis Forecasting Methodology in a kind of high-speed train according to claim 1, its feature existsIn: the suffered outside acoustic excitation sources energy of described car body comprises the noise excitation energy of wheel, the noise of trackReverberation noise excitation energy in excitation energy, aerodynamic noise excitation energy and equipment compartment.

7. noise analysis Forecasting Methodology in a kind of high-speed train according to claim 1, its feature existsIn: the outside acoustic excitation sources energy of the described suffered outside of car body specifically calculates and obtains in the following ways:

1) calculate train wheel rail interaction forces and the compartment secondary suspension power of obtaining:

1.1) adopt vehicle-orbit coupling rigidity many-body dynamics method, set up the many-body dynamics mould of car bodyType;

1.2) under the excitation of track irregularity, by dynamics of rigid bodies simulation calculation, can obtain train withAt the uniform velocity under straight-line travelling, analyze the mutual power of wheel track on train gravity direction and the suspension of process bogie in frequency rangeThe secondary suspension power on compartment that acts on after system attenuation;

2) calculate the noise excitation that obtains wheel:

2.1) set up train wheel FEM model and form 4 wheels pair;

2.2) adopt Lanczos method to calculate the constraint characteristics of mode of single wheel, be applied with for each wheelState step 1.2) the mutual masterpiece of wheel track that obtains on gravity direction is vertical wheel rail force, then adopts mode stackMethod or direct solution calculate the vibratory response of wheel under vertical wheel rail force excitation;

2.3) set up wheel acoustic radiation boundary element model, adopt Multipole BEM (FMBEM) to calculate wheelStructure radiated noise;

2.4) set up car body surface field point model, extract wheel noise car body surface form acoustically-driven;

3) calculate the noise excitation that obtains track:

3.1) set up complete track FEM model;

3.2) model trajectory being applied to above-mentioned steps 1.2) the mutual masterpiece of wheel track that obtains on gravity direction is verticalWheel rail force, adopts direct solution to calculate the vibratory response of track under vertical wheel rail force excitation;

3.3) extract track vibration response, set up track acoustic radiation boundary element model, adopt multipole boundary elementMethod (FMBEM) is calculated track structure radiated noise;

3.4) set up car body surface field point model, extract track noise car body surface form acoustically-driven;

4) calculate and obtain aerodynamic noise excitation:

4.1) adopting Fluid Mechanics Computation is the pneumatic test of the simulation CFD mould that CFD method is set up bullet trainType;

4.2) adopt companied with k-s turbulence model to carry out steady flow field calculating, adopt subsequently large eddy simulation (LES)Solve instantaneous flow field and reorganize and outfit the fluctuation pressure on the middle node train body surface of car body model described in obtaining;

4.3) fluctuation pressure is converted into after sound source of the dipole, adopts indirect Boundary Element Method Analysis (IBEA) to obtainThe aerodynamic noise of train car body surface when at the uniform velocity travelling;

4.4) set up car body surface field point model, extract aerodynamic noise car body surface form soundExcitation;

5) noise in experimental measurement equipment cabin excitation:

5.1) near the cooling motor of high-speed trains cabin, arrange sound pressure sensor, measure equipment compartment and make an uproarSound;

5.2) train is according to traveling at the uniform speed, and the acoustic enviroment in train apparatus cabin is similar to reverberation chamber, will recordEquipment compartment noise as reverberation incentive action on the subsystem of inner operatic tunes statistic energy analysis model, pressReverberation noise excitation in sound pressure level formula computing equipment cabin:

$Lp=20lg\frac{p}{p_0}$

In formula, Lp is equipment interior noise excitation sound pressure level, and unit is dB; P is that equipment compartment measuring point place recordsAcoustic pressure, unit is Pa; p₀For reference acoustic pressure, p in air₀＝20μPa；

6) above-mentioned four excitations are coupled and form the suffered final outside acoustic excitation sources energy of car body.

8. noise analysis Forecasting Methodology in a kind of high-speed train according to claim 1, its feature existsIn: the sound insulation property parameter of the described each plate structure of vehicle body comprises the oise insulation factor of car body main foundation piece plate,In inner operatic tunes statistic energy analysis model, the statistic energy analysis parameter of each subsystem comprises the interior damage of the operatic tunes in carConsume the acoustic absorptivity of the factor, interior decoration system and reorganize and outfit the radiated noise of car body under mechanical excitation effect.

9. noise analysis Forecasting Methodology in a kind of high-speed train according to claim 1, its feature existsIn: described internal car noise analyses and prediction specifically in the following ways:

1) the subsystem statistic energy analysis parameter calculating and outside acoustic excitation sources energy are joined whiteBody structure is simplified statistic energy analysis model, outside operatic tunes statistic energy analysis model and inner operatic tunes statisticsModel of energy, forms acoustically-driven noise analysis forecast model in car;

2) secondary suspension masterpiece is used in and reorganizes and outfit on car body model and add internal car noise predicted boundary meta-model,Obtain structural vibration-acoustics coupling model of mechanical excitation noise in pre-measuring car;

3) utilize acoustically-driven noise analysis forecast model in car to obtain the acoustic response of each operatic tunes subsystem in car,With reference to standard GB/T/T12816-2006 " restriction of railroad coach internal noise and measuring method ", choose carInterior center, analyze apart from the operatic tunes subsystem of about floor 1.2m, obtain in the car under acoustic excitation and make an uproarSound level;

4) utilize mechanical excitation noise in pre-measuring car structural vibration---acoustics coupling model obtains body constructionAcoustic response under mechanical excitation, chooses Che Nei center, analyzes apart from the position of floor 1.2m left and right,Obtain the internal car noise level under mechanical excitation;

5), by sound wave principle of stacking, obtain under internal car noise under acoustic excitation and mechanical excitation above-mentionedInternal car noise result superposes in the following ways, obtains overall noise in the car under complete incentive action, completeNoise analysis prediction in high-speed train in pairs:

Wherein L_AlwaysFor overall noise in car, unit is dB; L_SoundFor acoustic excitation noise in car, unit is dB; L_MachineFor mechanical excitation noise in car, unit is dB.