CN105587845A - 门式驱动器 - Google Patents

门式驱动器 Download PDF

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CN105587845A
CN105587845A CN201510887436.1A CN201510887436A CN105587845A CN 105587845 A CN105587845 A CN 105587845A CN 201510887436 A CN201510887436 A CN 201510887436A CN 105587845 A CN105587845 A CN 105587845A
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CN105587845B (zh
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H·西格尔
P·伦茨
A·恩德尔
D·杜德克
R·诺伊米勒
P·哈泽尔贝格
K·阿莱施
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/22Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or type of main drive shafting, e.g. cardan shaft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/021Shaft support structures, e.g. partition walls, bearing eyes, casing walls or covers with bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/037Gearboxes for accommodating differential gearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/14Trucks; Load vehicles, Busses
    • B60Y2200/143Busses
    • B60Y2200/1432Low floor busses

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及门式驱动器,具体而言,涉及车辆的低地板车桥的门式驱动器,门式驱动器具有:由差速器(1)驱动的、布置在门式壳体(4)内的齿轮组件,该齿轮组件具有布置可在由差速器可旋转地驱动的驱动轴(5)上的、以斜齿啮合的驱动轮(2),该驱动轮与中间轮(3)啮合以驱动从动轮(23);门式壳体(4)的开口(9),驱动轴(5)通过该开口从差速器(1)引向驱动轮(2)。驱动轮和驱动轴一体地构造为驱动轮-轴-单元(6),其中,驱动轮-轴-单元(6)在差速器侧具有环形凸肩(22),驱动轮-轴-单元利用环形凸肩沿轴向支撑在环形止挡处,环形止挡固定地安装到门桥壳体(4)的具有比驱动轮(2)更大的横截面的开口(9)内。

Description

门式驱动器
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆的低地板车桥(Niederflurachse)的门式驱动器,具有:由差速器驱动的、布置在门式壳体内的齿轮组件,该齿轮组件具有布置在可由差速器可旋转地驱动的驱动轴处的、以斜齿啮合的驱动轮,该驱动轮与中间轮啮合以驱动从动轮;门式壳体的开口,驱动轴通过该开口从差速器引向驱动轮。
背景技术
在这种门式驱动器中已知驱动轴在其承载驱动轮的端部区域处构造成花键轴。在将驱动轮安装到门式壳体中之后,使驱动轴穿过门式壳体的开口并利用其同轴的花键套轮廓推到花键轴上以及在该位置中固定在花键轴上。由于花键轴和花键套,这不仅要求复杂且昂贵地制造驱动轮的花键轴和花键套,而且还要求复杂的安装过程。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的在于,提供一种开头所述类型的门式驱动器,该门式驱动器具有带有少量且简单构造的部件的结构并且可便于安装。
根据本发明,该目的由此实现,即,驱动轮和驱动轴一体地构造成驱动轮-轴-单元,其中,驱动轮-轴-单元在差速器侧具有环形凸肩,驱动轮-轴-单元利用该环形凸肩沿轴向支撑在环形止挡处,该环形止挡固定地安装到门式壳体的具有比驱动轮更大的横截面的开口内。
通过这种构造可完全取消复杂地制造带有花键轮廓的驱动轮和驱动轴。由此对于驱动轮-轴-单元来说仅需装配唯一的部件,也降低了装配费用。这种构造甚至可实现门式壳体的自动化装配。
虽然门式壳体的开口的截面为了穿引驱动轮而必须具有略大些的直径,但环形止挡可以是简单并因此成本合适的部件,它也可在无大的花费的情况下固定地安装到门式壳体的开口内并因此在一定程度上形成门式壳体部件,在其处实现驱动轮-轴-单元朝差速器沿轴向的支撑。
因此,通过环形止挡确保了以斜齿啮合的驱动轮的指向差速器的轴向力作用到壳体上。
不仅门式壳体的开口而且环形止挡的简单的可制造性由此实现,即开口具有圆形的横截面。
环形凸肩可便于制造地构造在驱动轮的面向差速器的端侧处。
如果环形凸肩通过环绕驱动轴的推力轴承直接或间接地沿轴向支撑在环形止挡处,那么在很大程度上避免在驱动轮和环形止挡相对运动时的摩擦损耗。
如果驱动轮-轴-单元背对差速器具有第二环形凸肩,驱动轮-轴-单元利用该环形凸肩沿轴向支撑在门式壳体处,那么驱动轮在背对差速器的侧部也沿轴向得到支撑。
在此,如果驱动轮-轴-单元通过第二推力轴承沿轴向支撑在门式壳体处,那么也在很大程度上避免在驱动轮和门式壳体相对运动时的摩擦损耗。
推力轴承和/或第二端轴承可是成本合适的标准DIN轴承。
在简单且可便于制造的构造中,环形止挡可为套筒,其外径相当于开口的内径。
在此,套筒可以简单、无需其他部件的方式借助压配合(Presspassung,即,过盈配合)安装到门式壳体的开口内。
同样可使用套筒的任何其他合适的固定可能性。
因此同样可行的是,套筒借助过渡配合安装到门式壳体的开口内,其中,套筒在差速器侧通过安装到在开口中的环形槽内的卡圈(Sicherungsring)支承。
对于维护目的来说,这种构造的优点是简单的可拆卸性。
如果推力轴承直接或间接由支撑在环形止挡处的弹性元件(例如盘形弹簧)在轴向上预紧,那么驱动轮-轴-单元始终占据确定的静止位置(Ruheposition)。
同样地,第二推力轴承也可直接或间接由支撑在门式壳体4处的第二弹性元件在轴向上预紧。
附图说明
在附图中示出了本发明的实施例并且接下来对其进行详细说明。唯一的附图以纵向截面示出了门式驱动器的局部。
具体实施方式
所示的用于车辆的低地板车桥的门式驱动器具有由差速器1驱动的、布置在门式壳体4内的齿轮组件,该齿轮组件具有驱动轮2,该驱动轮与中间轮3啮合。中间轮3与从动轮23啮合。
对于差速器1,仅示出了差速器壳7和平衡轴8,但未示出布置在平衡轴8上的平衡锥齿轮以及布置在驱动轴5的面向差速器1的端部上的驱动锥齿轮。
以斜齿啮合的驱动轮2与在一侧同轴地朝差速器1延伸的驱动轴5一体地构造成驱动轮-轴-单元6。在此,驱动轴5通过门式壳体4的带有圆形横截面的开口9朝向驱动轮2伸入门式壳体4中。为使驱动轮-轴-单元6可利用其驱动轮2从差速器1的一侧通过开口9引入到门式壳体4内,开口具有比驱动轮2更大的横截面。
在将驱动轮-轴-单元6引入到门式壳体4内之前,首先将第二推力轴承14安装到与所安装的轴5的纵轴线10同轴的盲孔11内,盲孔位于门式壳体4的内腔的背对差速器1的内侧壁12中,该推力轴承具有第二座圈()13和第二轴圈(Wellenscheibe)15。为了使第二推力轴承14在门式壳体4处取向,将座圈13安装到盲孔11内。为了使第二推力轴承14在驱动轴5处取向,轴圈15处于驱动轴5的同轴的轴颈24上。通过轴圈15,第二推力轴承14在第二环形凸肩16处沿轴向支撑在驱动轮2的背对差速器的端侧上。
驱动轮2在面对差速器1的端侧处具有第一环形凸肩22,在该环形凸肩处沿轴向贴靠有第一推力轴承18的轴圈17,该轴圈处于驱动轴5上并负责推力轴承18在驱动轴5处的取向。第一推力轴承18具有第一座圈19,第一推力轴承18通过第一座圈沿轴向在门式壳体4处取向并通过盘形弹簧20沿沿轴向支撑在套筒21处。
套筒21从差速器1的一侧面利用压配合安装到开口9内,使得盘形弹簧20将第一推力轴承18在预紧的情况下沿轴向保持在确定的位置处。
附图标记
1差速器
2驱动轮
3中间轮
4门式壳体
5驱动轴
6驱动轮-轴-单元
7差速器壳
8平衡轴
9开口
10纵轴线
11盲孔
12侧壁
13第二座圈
14第二推力轴承
15第二轴圈
16第二环形凸肩
17第一轴圈
18第一推力轴承
19第一座圈
20盘形弹簧
21套筒
22第一环形凸肩
23从动轮
24轴颈

Claims (11)

1.一种车辆的低地板车桥的门式驱动器,具有:由差速器(1)驱动的、布置在门式壳体(4)内的齿轮组件,该齿轮组件具有布置在能由所述差速器(1)旋转驱动的驱动轴(5)上的、以斜齿啮合的驱动轮(2),该驱动轮与中间轮(3)啮合以驱动从动轮(23);所述门式壳体(4)的开口(9),所述驱动轴(5)通过该开口从所述差速器(1)引向所述驱动轮(2),其特征在于,驱动轮(2)和驱动轴(5)一体地构造为驱动轮-轴-单元(6),其中,所述驱动轮-轴-单元(6)在差速器侧具有环形凸肩(22),驱动轮-轴-单元利用该环形凸肩沿轴向支撑在环形止挡处,该环形止挡固定地安装到所述门式壳体(4)的具有比所述驱动轮(2)更大的横截面的开口(9)内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的门式驱动器,其特征在于,所述开口(9)具有圆形的横截面。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的门式驱动器,其特征在于,所述环形凸肩(22)构造在所述驱动轮(2)的面对所述差速器(1)的端侧处。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的门式驱动器,其特征在于,所述环形凸肩(22)通过环绕所述驱动轴(5)的推力轴承(18)直接或间接地沿轴向支撑在所述环形止挡处。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的门式驱动器,其特征在于,所述驱动轮-轴-单元(6)背对差速器侧具有第二环形凸肩(16),驱动轮-轴-单元利用该环形凸肩沿轴向支撑在所述门式壳体(4)处。
6.根据权利要求5所述的门式驱动器,其特征在于,所述驱动轮-轴-单元(6)通过第二推力轴承(14)沿轴向支撑在所述门式壳体(4)处。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的门式驱动器,其特征在于,所述环形止挡是套筒(21),其外径相当于所述开口(9)的内径。
8.根据权利要求7所述的门式驱动器,其特征在于,所述套筒(21)借助压配合安装到所述门式壳体(4)的开口(9)内。
9.根据权利要求7所述的门式驱动器,其特征在于,所述套筒借助过渡配合安装到所述门式壳体的开口内,其中,所述套筒在差速器侧通过安装到在所述开口中的环形槽内的卡圈支撑。
10.根据权利要求4至9中任一项所述的门式驱动器,其特征在于,所述推力轴承(18)直接或间接由支撑在所述环形止挡处的弹性元件在轴向上预紧。
11.根据权利要求6至10中任一项所述的门式驱动器,其特征在于,所述第二推力轴承(14)直接或间接由支撑在所述门式壳体(4)处的第二弹性元件在轴向上预紧。
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CN1535852A (zh) * 2003-04-10 2004-10-13 门式结构的尤其用于低底盘汽车的轴总成
CN103968040A (zh) * 2013-01-24 2014-08-06 Zf腓特烈斯哈芬股份公司 用于车辆车轮的传动装置
CN103968031A (zh) * 2013-01-24 2014-08-06 Zf腓特烈斯哈芬股份公司 用于车辆车轮的传动装置
CN103968041A (zh) * 2013-01-24 2014-08-06 Zf腓特烈斯哈芬股份公司 用于车辆车轮的传动装置

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11560017B2 (en) 2017-07-12 2023-01-24 Axletech International Ip Holdings, Llc Adjustable axle assembly for a vehicle

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