CN105579644A

CN105579644A - Hydraulic locking mechanism for securing teeth and tooth carrying adapters to excavating buckets of excavating equipment

Info

Publication number: CN105579644A
Application number: CN201480040285.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗伯特·S·比尔维思
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-05-20
Filing date: 2014-05-20
Publication date: 2016-05-11
Also published as: CL2015003400A1; CA2912773A1; CA2912773C; AU2014268636B2; AU2014268636A1; WO2014189979A1

Abstract

A connection for firmly securing an adapter for detachably carrying a replaceable digging tooth at its front end to a lip of an excavating container of excavating equipment. The adapter has an upper leg and a lower leg located proximate respective upper and lower surfaces of the lip. The connection has substantially aligned openings in the legs and the lip, and engagement sections of the adapter legs traverse the opening in the lip proximate and forward of an aft end thereof. A pressure applying unit, such as a hydraulic actuator, is arranged inside the opening and generates a generally horizontally acting force which draws the adapter and the lip towards each other. A stress member, which can be a C-clamp, is operatively coupled to the hydraulic actuator and resiliently deforms relative to its relaxed shape when it is subjected to the horizontally acting force.

Description

For the adapter of tooth and carrying tooth being fixed to the hydraulic locking mechanism of the bucket of excavating equipment

The cross reference of related application

The application is the part continuation application of mandate U.S. Patent Application No. 12/881,997 submitted on September 14th, 2010, and the rights and interests of its U.S. Provisional Application requiring on September 15th, 2009 to submit numbers 61/276,786, its whole content is incorporated to this paper by reference.

Background technology

Move on the ground and implement the instrument such as equipment use scoop, scraper bowl that excavates, being moved by means of these instrument mining clay, gravel, rock stratum etc.Usually, this scraper bowl is along its digging edge with lip, and these lip are equipped with tooth again.

Because the junction of the lip of tooth and itself and scraper bowl is exposed to the effects such as continuous abrasion, shock, therefore they can stand the most heavy wear in whole scraper bowl and tear, because.So they need frequent replacing.According to prior art, the suitable spended time of replacing of tooth, in the process, excavating equipment must leave unused, and this situation does not wish to occur, because it finally can reduce benefit.

There now have been many schemes of planting change, these schemes propose how tooth to be attached on adapter, and how to be attached to again in the lip of scraper bowl or scoop by adapter.Such as, United States Patent (USP) 4,413,432,6,032,390,6,216,368 and 6,668,472 disclose distinct methods tooth being fixed to adapter and/or being fixed to by adapter in lip.

The present invention be more particularly directed to adapter to be fixed to the method on the lip of various containers used in ground operating equipment or other component, described container is loader, scoop, scraper bowl, dragline bucket etc. such as.

Summary of the invention

In general, the leading edge that adapter is fixed to container or scraper bowl by the present invention or the lip carried by container, and tooth is fixed to the front end of adapter or the leading edge of container.A kind of syndeton can be set, be used for removable tooth being fixed to securely leading edge or the adapter of container, and adapter is fixed to the lip of the excavation container of excavating equipment, described excavation container is such as loader, scoop, dragline bucket etc.

Described adapter has upper leg and lower leg, and they are near the corresponding upper surface of lip and soffit location.This syndeton uses the opening substantially alignd in leg and lip, and the mating part of adapter leg is near lip rear end and the opening be positioned at transverse to lip before lip rear end.Cell layout of exerting pressure produces approximate horizontal active force in opening, and adapter and lip pull by this power toward each other.Stress members is operationally connected to unit of exerting pressure, and when stress members is subjected to horizontal applied force, this stress members is flexibly out of shape relative to its relaxed.In addition, distance piece is inserted in exerts pressure between unit and opening, and meanwhile, horizontal applied force flexibly makes stress members be out of shape.The shape of distance piece is made and is made, and make once horizontal applied force reduces or fails, then distance piece continues to make stress members remain in elastic deformation, wherein adapter and lip is relative to each other locked.

In one embodiment of the invention, aligned slots that roughly elongate, vertical orientation is arranged in adapter, and the slit of same vertical orientation is arranged in scraper bowl or lip and (hereinafter leads to and be referred to as " lip ").Stress members is become by C clamp capitiform, and C clamp head has main body, from main body, vertically extend a pair arm.C clamp head is inserted in the aligned hole that formed by adapter and lip, so, two arms of chuck coordinate by adapter rear portion define roughly towards extending back, usually in the slope tilted.

C clamp head main body be smooth with vertical towards front side.Chuck be also configured to make main body towards after side and adapter in have described C clamp head to extend through the hole wall of vicinity spaced apart.

Unit of exerting pressure is the form of hydraulic actuator, actuator have at least one be preferably multiple (such as, two) piston of hydraulic actuation, this unit of exerting pressure is inserted in the hole of alignment, with make piston area to C clamp head main body vertical, towards leading flank or front side.The exert pressure front side of unit vertically extends through the end in the hole in lip, and is supported by lip near the front end of lip and be positioned in lip.

Exert pressure angularly the tilting relative to vertical towards rear surface or posterior face of unit, and relative to it downward to dispersing out, piston can extend through the rear surface of unit of exerting pressure, and the posterior face of unit of exerting pressure is towards the vertical front side of C clamp tool main body.Its result, after in the hole that C clamp head and unit of exerting pressure are placed into basic alignment in lip and adapter, the wedge shape space assembled downwards is formed between the rear surface of the inclination of unit of exerting pressure and the vertical front side of C clamp head.

Distance piece in wedge shape part form have flat towards after vertical rear face, it matches with the vertical leading flank of C clamp head.The relative front side of wedge shape part forms serrate surface, the serrate rear surface complementation that this surface is corresponding with unit of exerting pressure.The rear surface that the serrate front surface of wedge shape part is flat relative to it angularly tilts, and along in downward direction assembling and define this wedge shape part, and the shape of wedge shape part makes it correspond essentially to wedge shape space between the front side of C clamp head and the rear side of unit of exerting pressure.

Wedge shape part is fork-shaped, and the part that wedge shape part overlaps on the piston of exerting pressure in unit stays open, and to make piston move backward, moves to coordinate with the vertical front side of C clamp head from unit of exerting pressure.

In use, after C clamp head and unit of exerting pressure have slipped over and coordinated adapter and lip respectively, wedge shape part has been inserted in C clamp head and the wedge shape space of exerting pressure between unit.

In order to adapter is fixed in lip, can hydraulic actuator be encouraged and make that piston is mobile backward to be coordinated with the vertical front side of C clamp head.When the pressure increase in hydraulic actuator reaches 10,000psi, in the preferred embodiment that the present invention is current, this pressure produces the power of about 50 tons, and the main body of C clamp head is bent along backward directions.This flexibly makes again C clamp head be subject to stress, and its arm is launched, and this increases distance between the two, and the power that piston is applied forces C clamp head to coordinate along the arm of backward directions with C clamp head relative to adapter.

The power applied also makes the hole in lip and adapter extend, this elastic elongation also causing the Opening length in adapter certain.

Due to above-described situation, C clamp head body and the downward convergence space of exerting pressure between unit become large along general horizontal direction, and allow wedge shape part to drop to further in this space.

When defining the hydraulic pressure release of exerting pressure in the actuator of unit, the stress formed in the C clamp head of elastic deflection is coordinated with lip rigidly by wedge shape part driven forward actuator, simultaneously, remain fixed in C clamp head due to wedge shape part and exert pressure between unit, therefore the arm of the elastic deflection of C clamp head keeps coordinating with adapter is compulsory.Outside the wedge shape space that the sawtooth of exerting pressure unit and the interlocking of wedge shape part can prevent from wedge shape part from upwards shifting out exerting pressure between unit and C clamp head.

Although preferably make the vertical rear side of C clamp head and the close rear wall of adapter endoporus keep spacing, the structure not having spacing like this also can be used.In this case, C clamp head is locked in appropriate location, instead of synform chuck flexibly stress application, and the metal of adapter and lip becomes Tensile stress and the wedge shape space opened between C clamp head and hydraulic actuator in the horizontal direction.When earth pressure release on actuator piston, adapter and lip retract distance slightly by stress part towards its relaxed state, until the wedge shape part between C clamp head and hydraulic actuator hinders lip and adapter further to shrink, thus, by in place for the locking of wedge shape part and keep causing the power of stress, this power is tending towards lip and adapter are moved towards each other.

Another embodiment of the present invention is specially adapted to the heavy dragline bucket of dragline bucket excavating equipment.Therefore, this embodiment provides a kind of syndeton, and it is used for being fixed in the lip of excavation container (such as, dragline bucket) by the adapter removably carrying removable tooth in its front end securely.Described syndeton has the opening roughly alignd in leg and lip, and the mating part of adapter leg is at the nearside of open rearward end and the opening be positioned at transverse to lip before open rearward end.The front leg portions of adapter and the lower leg upper and lower surface corresponding relative to lip extend near the front end of lip with certain angle of inclination.So the opening in lip in the opening of s and adapter leg does not adjoin.Unit (being still preferably hydraulic actuator) of exerting pressure is arranged in opening, and is configured to apply and discharge approximate horizontal active force selectively, and adapter and lip pull by this power toward each other.Wedge shape part is arranged in opening, assemble along the vertical downward direction that is generally, and be arranged between the inclined side (being preferably on front side of it) of hydraulic actuator and the vertical front wall of lip inner opening, and contact with the inclined side of hydraulic actuator, the inclined side of hydraulic actuator defines the wedge shape space receiving wedge shape part together with the vertical front wall of lip inner opening.

Hydraulic actuator has the piston of at least one power actuated, and piston can be extended by wedge shape space along general horizontal direction and retract, to apply approximate horizontal active force to the upper leg of adapter and lower leg.This expands the horizontal extent of wedge shape space, and extends with making the upper leg of adapter and lower leg elastic, and this makes leg be in stress state.The wedge shape part be placed in wedge shape space has selected horizontal dimension, like this, when when wedge shape part is inserted in wedge shape space while, hydraulic actuator applies horizontal applied force, adapter leg is in stress state, even if act on pressure on piston to reduce or stop, it still remains in stress state, as above roughly as described in, thus, lip and adapter are remained on firmly motionless contact.

As mentioned above, unit normally hydraulic actuator of exerting pressure, it preferably comprises shell, and shell extends through adapter and lip inner opening at least partially in an approximate vertical direction.This shell defines inner chamber, in inner chamber at least one and be preferably that two hydraulic pistons are removable along general horizontal direction, be in its stress state to make stress members.Catheter pressure extends to the vertical end of shell from inner chamber, preferably upper end, pressurizes and decompression to make inner chamber, and this makes piston stretch out outside inner chamber and be retracted in inner chamber.The pressure fittings being suitable for being connected to source of pressurised fluid is communicated with conduit; and extend to outside shell; the vertical end (such as upper end) of shell is covered at this position metal cap; to seal pressure fittings and to protect it to exempt from the intrusion of fragment, and prevent from making accessory damage and cause the inoperable heavy shock of accessory.Cap is removably fixed on shell, preferably adopts at least one pawl component in shell and cap, and the sinking of cooperating with this pawl component in another in shell and cap.When cap to be placed on shell vertical end and to be fixed on shell by cap by selected power, pawl component is biased in this sink by spring, and selected power makes cap manually can remove from shell, to provide the path leading to pressure fittings.

Can remove this protection cap when no longer can manually remove to become damage in cap use, shell preferably comprises the area supported of the approximate horizontal orientation near shell vertical end (such as upper end).Cap vertically extends through this area supported, and the otch defined near this area supported location, the shape of this otch is arranged to coordinate with pry tool, this tool configuration becomes to coordinate with breach when shelving on a support surface, make when cap extrudes, cap prying is gone out shell by available suitable pry tool prying.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, tooth is immovably secured to and excavates the front end of container or scraper bowl.This front end have along forward direction assemble towards upper and lower surface, described front end can be scraper bowl or the front end being inserted in the adapter between scraper bowl and tooth (being sometimes also jointly called hereinafter " adapter ").Tooth has the upper and lower leg on the corresponding upper and lower surface towards front end.Opening by adapter and the multiple superposition of end gap of leg by tooth, and tooth has the mating part transverse to the opening in adapter.

Exert pressure unit, preferably hydraulic actuator is positioned in multiple openings of the overlap in adapter and leg, the mating part of cooperating teeth leg, and optionally produces and discharge horizontal applied force tooth and front end pulled toward each other.When tooth leg is subjected to horizontal applied force, tooth leg is flexibly out of shape relative to its relaxed.When horizontal applied force makes stress members flexibly be out of shape, wedge shape part is inserted between opening in hydraulic actuator, adapter and tooth opening.The shape and size of wedge shape part are made and are made, once described horizontal applied force reduces or stops, tooth leg keeps by stress.

By supporting that its leg of tooth prevents from moving along backward directions from the main body that it extends above the front end that tooth is positioned at adapter, tooth immovably but be detachably fixed to the front end of scraper bowl or adapter.When horizontal force apply simultaneously in this way support body time, tooth leg flexibly extends along backward directions, makes leg be subjected to tensile stress thus.

For the ease of support body, main body is assembled along the forward direction of the end forming tooth.The rear end of main body comprise towards after rear surface, described rear surface has the shape consistent with the shape of the front end of scraper bowl, makes the rear surface of main body with stationary mode completely against the front end of scraper bowl.

When horizontal applied force discharges, prevent the leg extended from turning back to it not by the state of stress, because they continue to be subjected to remaining horizontal force.Therefore, leg remains in residual stress state, and continues to produce remaining horizontal force.Especially the shape and size comprising the tooth of its leg are made and are made, and in its residual stress state, the horizontal force of the remnants produced by the leg of tooth is enough to tooth to be immovably secured to adapter.Therefore, even if the actuator of the initial horizontal force produced keeps de-energisation during the normal operating of excavating equipment, tooth also keeps being stationarily fixed to adapter (or container lip).

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 schematically illustrates an excavation unit, has the bucket of front lip, is layered in adapter in this lip and tooth is fixed on this excavation unit;

Fig. 2 is sectional view, and hydraulic lock assembly of the present invention is shown;

Fig. 3 is the stereogram decomposed, and each parts of hydraulic lock assembly shown in Fig. 2 are shown individually;

Fig. 4 is the exploded perspective view of hydraulic actuator of the present invention and hackly surface used on it;

Fig. 5 is the stereogram of the hydraulic actuator being in assembled state;

Fig. 6 is the stereogram of piston used in Fig. 5 hydraulic actuator shown;

Fig. 7 is that stereogram is cutd open in the side being similar to Fig. 2, and of the present invention one embodiment substituted is shown;

Fig. 8 is sectional plain-view drawing, and it intercepts along the line 8-8 in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a side view cutaway drawing, illustrate of the present invention one be specially adapted on dragline bucket substitute embodiment.

Figure 10 is tooth according to the present invention to the partial sectional view of the releasable connection structure of adapter or container lip;

Figure 11 is the exploded perspective view of the tooth syndeton shown in Figure 10, and

Figure 12 is the part schematic plan view in the direction of the arrow 12-12 of a part along Figure 10, and the forcing unit shown in Figure 10 is shown.

Detailed description of the invention

With reference to Fig. 1, described in technical background, scraper bowl, scoop or similar component 2 (being hereinafter sometimes also simply referred to as " container ") is attached to an excavating equipment 4 in a traditional way.Front lip 6 usually in every way in any one be attached on scraper bowl individually, but if necessary, also can be formed by scraper bowl itself.Lip defines the leading edge 8 of scraper bowl.The width interval that tooth 10 traverses scraper bowl is opened, and stretches out along the direction that moves forward of excavating equipment from lip.Adapter 12 is inserted between each tooth and scraper bowl lip.Each adapter has front end and rear portion 14, tooth is removably attached to this front end usually, and rear portion 14 is defined by upper leg and lower leg 16,18 respectively, they overlap on the corresponding upper surface of scraper bowl lip and soffit 20,22, and slidably in lip.

Dipper teeth stands heavy wearing and tearing and coarse operation, therefore needs to change continually.Keep the adapter of tooth also to stand heavy wearing and tearing and coarse operation, therefore also need to change continually.In order to allow to change adapter, adapter should be fixed in scraper bowl lip 6 by syndeton 24 (not shown in figure 1) constructed according to the invention releasedly, and this will be described below.

The syndeton of widely used the type is so-called whistler syndeton (Whistler syndeton), and it uses C clamp head, and this C clamp head extends through the mating holes in the leg 16,18 of adapter and lip 6.Apply level power backward by relative C clamp head, its arm compressing adapter is resisted against on the upper and lower surface of lip, thus by they two be locked to each other.In order to prevent lockout, can use various releasable locking device, they use wedge-shaped surface in one way or other, and wedge-shaped surface makes C clamp head keep coordinating and locking it in place to prevent chuck from becoming unclamping.

For making to keep minimum the downtime of excavating equipment, the syndeton use of prior art usually reasonably can discharge fast and allow the locking component of the adapter changing wearing and tearing.But in Renewal process, these parts of syndeton become to be damaged and suitable cost must be spent to replace.

Referring now to Fig. 2 and 3, in a preferred embodiment, the upper leg of adapter and lower leg are positioned in lip 6 by syndeton 24 constructed according to the invention, to make the leg of corresponding vertical opening 26 and 28 and adapter in lip stacked on top of each other.Illustrate in the drawings as being well-known in being expert at, when the forward edge 8 of lip coordinates with adapter, before the rear end that the rear end of the vertical openings in adapter and front end 30,32 are positioned at lip endoporus and front end 34,36, keep the open channels extending through two openings simultaneously, as hereinafter will described, each parts of syndeton 24 are inserted through this two openings.

C clamp head 38 has the main body 40 extending through adapter leg and lip inner opening, and the arm 42 that a pair extends back from main body.Matching surface 44 is by face one another two delimited of arm, and this matching surface is dispersed along backward directions, and along backward directions relative to horizontal synform tapering.The vertical end of C clamp head is preferably provided with hand 46.

Relax not by the state of stress because C clamp head is in it, it moves backward, make the relative matching surface 44 on the arm of C clamp head coordinate the edge 48 of the preferably rounding slightly at adapter rear portion, respective front ends and the rear end of points of engagement and matching surface 44 are spaced apart.Edge 48 is usually defined by the rear surface 30 in the hole in adapter and the crossing of the conical surface 50 on adapter surface.Conical surface 50 preferably has identical with the matching surface in C clamp head arm relative to horizontal direction angle of slope haply.

Next, exert pressure the hole 26 of unit 52 in the vertical front surface 54 and lip of C clamp head front surface 36 between insert and extend through in the hole of adapter and lip.

Referring now to Fig. 2,4 and 5, unit 52 of exerting pressure is preferably hydraulic actuator, actuator has main body 58, main body 58 defines front surface 56 and rear surface 60, front surface 56 abuts the front surface 36 in the hole 26 in lip, and rear surface 60 is partly formed by main body, is partly formed by the plate 62 with ripple 64, the width that ripple 64 traverses plate along horizontal direction extends, and forms the smooth ridge 66 replaced and paddy 68.Plate 62 is releasably fixed to main body 58 by screw 70.A part 61 for the rear surface 60 defined by main body 58 relative to the ripple depression in plate 62, and is smooth, that is, do not have ripple, can clearly see clearly in Figure 5.

The front surface 36 that the front surface 56 of hydraulic actuator is parallel in lip opening 26 is directed, and rear surface 60 is along in downward direction assembling at a certain angle towards the front surface 54 of C clamp head 38 relative to vertical direction, to define the wedge shape space 57 along assembling between two surfaces in downward direction.

Main body 58 goes up formation a pair isolated cylinder open 72 within it, and they hold the disk-shaped flange 74 of hydraulic piston 76 movably.Each flange comprises O shape ring 78, and when piston moves back and forth in cylinder open, O shape ring seals up this piston.Extension spring 80 has internal hooks 82, and it anchors on bolt 84, and this bolt 84 traverses and is formed in cylinder open in sagging 86 and extends, and as shown in Figure 2, this sink and 86 to extend out from the closing end of cylinder open.

Thrust piece 88 is integral parts of piston 76, and this thrust piece preferably has substantially rectangular cross section, and extends through the opening 90 in plate 62 along backward directions from plunger flange 74, and has enough play, reciprocally passes through opening to make thrust piece.

Hydraulic actuator 52 also comprises high-tension fitting 92, the internal fluid communication of itself and cylinder open 72.When high pressure hydraulic fluid is applied on this accessory by the suitable pressure hose (not shown) being connected to high-voltage power supply, at present, preferably can apply at least 10, the pressure of 000psi, piston 76 can be resisted spring 80 and move along the pulling force of backward directions effect, so thrust piece 88 is moved and is moved by the front side 54 of the opening 90 in plate 62 towards C clamp head.On the contrary, apply pressure by reducing or stopping completely to cylinder open 72 inside, piston is just retracted by the pulling force of spring 80, to make the end of thrust piece 88 only outstanding slightly, or is not projected into outside the opening 90 in plate.

Hydraulic actuator 52 inserts through lip and adapter the opening 26,28 roughly alignd, and the front surface 56 of actuator abuts the front surface 36 through the hole of lip.The flange 94,96 at the top and bottom place of actuator body or shell 58 makes actuator relative to opening 26 centering through lip.Then, hydraulic pressure is applied to cylinder 72 inside by accessory 92 and promotes piston 76 backward, until the force transfer surface 98 of thrust piece 88 end coordinates the front surface 54 of C clamp head, and till being specifically coupled to the part of the C clamp head main body 40 in the hole 26 be positioned at by lip.

In current preferred embodiment of the present invention, for being applicable to the syndeton of the scraper bowl lip of all size, adapter and C clamp head, the size of hydraulic cylinder should make the combining ability making to apply about 50 tons on rear side of two pistons, 76 pairs of C clamp heads.This power makes the main body of the most normally used C clamp head bend backward, this causes again the arm 42 of C clamp head to be removed, thus, increase distance between the two, and cause the thrust piece 88 of piston to move C clamp head relative to the conical surface 50 at adapter 12 rear portion place along backward directions.

Move backward as far as possible under effect due to piston applying power that hydraulic pressure produces in cylinder, fork-shaped wedge shape part 100 drops in the wedge shape space 57 between the front surface 54 of C clamp head and the rear surface 60 of hydraulic actuator 52.

As shown in Fig. 2 and 3 clearly, the width that wedge shape part has approximates the width of hydraulic actuator body 58, and this width is defined by a pair isolated leg 102, and leg 102 at its upper end place is linked by the top 104 of wedge shape part.Open spaces between leg is greater than the width (measuring in the horizontal direction) of thrust piece 88, and to make legs straddle on thrust piece, thrust piece can extend rearwardly through the thickness of C clamp head in the horizontal direction.

The rear surface 106 of wedge shape part is flat, and its front surface 108 tilts relative to Vertical dimension, and along in downward direction converging relative to the rear surface of wedge shape part.Also can determine its size like this: in the wedge shape space 57 that wedge shape part can be dropped between the rear surface 60 of hydraulic actuator and the front surface 54 of C clamp head.In addition, the front surface of wedge shape part has ripple or the sawtooth 110 of horizontal-extending, and it corresponds to the ripple 64 in actuator plate 62.Wedge thickness can drop in wedge shape space 57 when making wedge shape part under piston is in pressure, thus wedge shape part turns back to it not by the relaxed state of stress by not allowing C clamp head when the pressure in hydraulic actuator reduces or stop to apply.

Because the piston 76 in actuator 52 encourages, in space between the front surface that wedge shape part 100 drops to hydraulic actuator and C clamp head as far as possible, be preferably, the manually top 104 of downward as far as possible pushing wedge, until it is shelved on a certain position relative to actuator, in this position, the corrugated surface of wedge shape part and actuator is worked in coordination, that is, the ridge of coordinates another paddy.The relative size on surface that is relative, ripple is selected relative to the maximum flexure backward of C clamp head main body, pressure is applied on hydraulic actuator simultaneously, like this, once earth pressure release, the main body of the flexure of C clamp head only can return the sub-fraction ratio of its combined deflection at the most towards its relaxed state, then its arm coordinates securely, and prevents moving further along forward direction by hydraulic actuator shell 58 and the wedge shape part 100 be inserted between them.Wedge shape part is locked in appropriate location by the ripple that hydraulic actuator and wedge shape part are worked in coordination thus, and prevents in the hole vertically moving through lip and adapter leg.

After completing syndeton 24 in the above described manner, the spring caps of protection, such as, makes (not shown) with rubber etc. and can be placed on the free end of pressure fittings 92.Preferably metal lid (not shown in Fig. 2-6) can be placed in the open spaces 112 of actuator 52 upper end in addition.

When to when need change adapter 12 of wearing and tearing with new adapter, above-mentioned metal cap and/or rubber lid can be removed from accessory 92 top, pressure hose is connected on accessory, as mentioned above, in conjunction with the installation of new chuck in lip, hydraulic cylinder pressurized and mobile piston 76 main body 40 of C clamp head is bent along backward directions backward.Wedge shape space 57 between actuator and the apparent surface of chuck to be expanded along this kind of flexure of backward directions to it is at utmost original by main body.Thus this wedge shape part unclamped and make wedge shape part become disengaging with the relative ripple on actuator.Wedge shape part manually pulls out outside wedge shape space 57 by this permission.

As long as this of syndeton 24 just can be completed rapidly to actuator applying pressure simply open, and damage is not caused to C clamp head, wedge shape part or hydraulic actuator, because implement complete relative motion between these three parts, simultaneously, energized piston 74 makes wedge shape space 57 keep sufficiently wide and allows wedge shape part to knock without the need to hammer just can to slide into and skid off opening, and the rotational motion of the creak creak of screw between any two or more part etc.

Therefore, although the initial cost of syndeton, especially to exert pressure the cost of unit, such as, comprise hydraulic actuator, be greater than the initial cost of many prior art syndetons, but syndeton of the present invention can set and discharge far faster, this faster speed greatly reduces excavating equipment for changing the downtime needed for the adapter in container lip, and this provides very large cost savings in itself voluntarily.Cost savings very large in addition derive from the re-using property of three critical pieces forming this syndeton.

Referring now to Fig. 7 and 8, in an alternate embodiment of the present invention, there is no the ripple of level between unit and wedge shape 100 exerting pressure of such as hydraulic actuator 52.In this embodiment, on the front surface 54 being formed in C clamp head 38 corresponding to the horizontal ripple 114 of the sawtooth 64 shown in Fig. 2-6 and on the side of its wedge shape part 100, as shown in Figure 7.The front surface 54 of C clamp head and the match surface of wedge shape part are all vertical orientations.Tapered in downward direction along relative to its side towards C clamp head front surface 54 of the front surface 116 of wedge shape part 100, this wedge shape part is arranged on by the downward convergence of C clamp head front surface and hydraulic pressure unit but in the wedge shape space that defines of smooth surface 118.

In order to fixing syndeton 24 as shown in Figure 7, as described above C clamp head 38 is inserted in opening 26,28, with the matching surface 44 making its arm 42 contact adapter.Hydraulic actuator is positioned at the free end of the overlapping bores 26,28 in lip and adapter, and wedge shape part 100 is inserted in wedge shape space between C clamp head front surface 54 and the conical-shaped rear surface 118 of hydraulic actuator (in Fig. 7 separately Reference numeral) in addition.Wedge shape part is placed to and makes its sawtooth 114 towards the corresponding sawtooth on C clamp head front surface 54.

After this, hydraulic pipe such for such as flexible pipe (not shown) is connected to pressure fittings 92, and the piston 76 of hydraulic actuator energized and horizontally rear to movement, until piston coordinates the main body of C clamp head and Shi Hanzhang as described above, thus, C clamp head is flexibly out of shape, and this deformation energy makes it be pressed to further along backward directions on the matching surface 50 on the slope of adapter.When piston is energized, wedge shape part 100 can manually be shifted onto down in the wedge shape space that amplifies between the front surface of C clamp head and hydraulic actuator, after this, and the earth pressure release on hydraulic piston.Once earth pressure release, the C clamp head of elastic deformation returns a short distance towards its lax state, but still remained locked in appropriate location by the wedge shape part 100 be under pre-stressed state, under pre-stressed state, C clamp head continues to apply to pull lip 6 and adapter 12 power toward each other, also continues to coordinate adapter securely as described above.

In order to unclamp syndeton, again fully encourage hydraulic actuator, thus relax the wedge shape space between C clamp head and hydraulic actuator, can manually pull out wedge shape part 100.After this, once hydraulic actuator decompression, C clamp head just turns back to its lax stressless position, can pull out C clamp head and hydraulic actuator, to change old adapter with new adapter, as above described in detail.

Described before the CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION of the internal part of Fig. 7 hydraulic actuator shown 52, no longer repeated at this.As long as state that following situation is just enough: the inside of hydraulic actuator preferably has two isolated pistons 76, they are pulled in the position of retraction by tension spring (not shown in Fig. 7).Once be incorporated in hydraulic actuator by pressure fluid, piston 76 is just forced to coordinate with the front surface 54 of C clamp head 38 along backward directions, and to C clamp head Shi Hanzhang, and adapter is coordinated with the arm 42 of C clamp head.

A key character of the present invention is, easily can apply and discharge described syndeton, and can not damage between the excavating equipment normal operating period without frayed and those parts that are that tear.For each applying or the release of syndeton, hydraulic actuator internal pressurization and decompression must be made.The fluid of pressurization is fed to actuator itself by suitable conduit and spigot 92.

For the ease of placing and Extract hydraulic actuator, and can change the part that may become damage between the excavating equipment normal operating period, the pick of ground, upper end of actuator is formed by top board 120, and this plate 120 has the mesh portion 122 of a pair isolated level.Top plate defines the top of actuator body.Pressure fittings 92 comprises the screw thread tubular extension 124 of elongated enlarged-diameter, and this extends partially across the open aperture in the upper horizontal reticulations 122 of top board 120, and threadably engages with the screwed hole in hydraulic actuator main part 126.Pressure fittings comprises hexagonal head easily, and it can be used to the end of thread of accessory to be screwed in the screwed hole in main part, thus side by side by position for top board 120, and pressure fittings 92 is arranged in hydraulic actuator main part 126.

The part that pressure fittings 92 extends in the open end 112 (only shown in Figure 2) of hydraulic actuator is protected by capful 128; prevent contaminated and damage; this cap be high strength preferably for roughly entity rectangular metal (such as; steel) cap; cap 128 is the entity bloom with centre-drilling hole 130 substantially; centre-drilling hole 130 is configured to fully be contained in wherein by the fitting end of pressure fittings; always as shown in Figure 7, pressure fluid is fed to the inner chamber of hydraulic actuator by this pressure fittings.Preferably, the elastomeric sleeve (not shown) of space receivability between pressure fittings and centre bore 130 surrounding wall, it relevantly but removably slide on the joint of pressure fittings, or as shown in Figure 8, otherwise fill the annular space around spigot, to be kept away from pollutant.

Removably cap 128 is fixed to hydraulic actuator 52 in order to manual, the ratchet ball 132 that spring is biased is properly mounted in cap 120, makes ball slightly protrude past the side of cap towards the vertical wall 134 of actuator top board 120.Wall 134 has isolated depression 136 accordingly, is used for the ball 132 receiving spring biased.

The match surface of cap 128 and hydraulic actuator 52, the match surface especially formed by hydraulic actuator top board 120, their size should be able to make cap relevantly coordinate but easily be movable in open end 112 (as shown in Figure 2).But between the excavating equipment normal operating period, spring-loaded ratchet ball 132 is in position by cap.But, cap is by manually removing to pull-up relative to hydraulic actuator, and this makes the depression 136 in ratchet ball and hydraulic actuator depart from, and to make cap dismountable, thus, provides the path of the spigot leading to pressure fittings 92.

For the ease of removing cap, even if particularly cap and/or its surface being matched with actuator remainder are seriously polluted and/or damage, such as, this damage is because suffering heavy knock or clash into and cause, also allow easily to remove this cap, the vertical wall 134 of top board 120 comprises otch 138, and it defines flat approximate horizontal area supported 138 at the upper space lower level of cap 128.Depression 142 be formed in cap 128 towards in the side of vertical wall 134, and straddle on area supported 138, like this, when cap 128 is located in position, the top being positioned at area supported at least partially of depression.This provides the path leading to depression outside syndeton 24.By supporting suitable pry tool, cap can be forced to remove, described pry tool can be the flat screwdriver of heavy pound, the Metallic rod capturing bar and short prying end with length of L shape, or similar instrument, when the elbow of L shape component is bearing on horizontal support surface 138, this prying end can coordinate the depression 142 in cap, utilizes this instrument can force cap upwards relative to the vertical wall 134 of actuator, and prying cap relaxes from actuator and removed.

Fig. 9 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment is specially adapted to the connection with dragline bucket, is especially applicable to the adapter of the wearing and tearing changing this scraper bowl.

As the above embodiment of the present invention, dragline bucket adapter 144 is positioned to be had on the scraper bowl 2 of lip 6, and described lip terminates in lip end 8.The front end of adapter 144 is provided with tooth 10 suitably, as shown in Figure 9.

Adapter 124 has receives the nose of tooth to divide 146, and it has the internal incision 148 relevantly coordinating scraper bowl lip 6, lip end 8 is spaced a distance, usually between 1/8 " to 3/8 " from the bottom end 150 of otch.If necessary, lip end 8 also can be allowed to extend to the end 150 of otch.

The lip 6 of scraper bowl 2 and the upper leg of adapter 144 and lower leg 152,154 define the opening 26 in lip and the opening 28 in adapter, they do not adjoin, usually vertically alignment but flatly depart from, make adapter leg the front-end and back-end 32,30 of opening be positioned at before the corresponding front and rear surface 36,34 of lip inner opening 26.

The hydraulic actuator 52 constructed as described above and the wedge shape part 100 of cooperation are arranged to generally perpendicularly align, but the opening 26,28 in lip and adapter leg is flatly departed from slightly, as shown in Figure 9.

When adapter being fixed in scraper bowl lip 6, after being inserted into by the wedge shape part 104 of hydraulic actuator 52 and cooperation in the opening 26,28 roughly alignd in lip and adapter leg, hydraulic piston 76 (only schematically illustrating in fig .9) is energized as described above.Once piston is energized, the antetheca 36 of piston along forward direction towards the opening 26 in lip promotes, and the rear side 156 of actuator is along the rear wall 30 of the opening 28 in backward directions pushing adapter leg.Lip and adapter are pushed toward each other by the power generated.Inner adapter otch 148 coordinates with scraper bowl lip 6 and/or turn up in the bottom of lip end 8 in adapter otch 148, causes adapter leg flexibly to extend under piston 76 applies the effect of power.Usually be adjacent to adapter leg inner opening 28 each side adapter leg those parts in, this elongation is the most obvious, but the other parts of adapter leg are also slightly extended usually.Once reach the elongation of requirement, just manual underground pushes away wedge shape part 100, moves downward further until the ripple 64 of cooperation in hydraulic actuator and wedge shape stops.After this, the pressure in hydraulic actuator reduces or disappears, and this makes the portion retracts of the previous elastic elongation of adapter leg, until prevent wedge shape part 100 contractile motion further.Hydraulic actuator and edge coordinate in make adapter leg remain on state that its prestressing force reduces slightly, and prevent adapter leg from turning back to its lax state, thus, as above in detail described in, maintain the horizontal force be tightened to by adapter in scraper bowl lip.

Further develop according to of the present invention, the replaceable and front portion 160 of the adapter 10 that is immovably secured to of tooth 157, as shown in figs. 10-12.The upper and lower matching surface 158,159 assembled forward is defined in this front portion.This front portion is terminated in the nose highly reduced, and defining surface stopped forward flange 162.Hole 164 extends vertically through matching surface at the some place at stop flange rear portion.

Tooth 157 has main body 166, and described main body 166 ends at end 167.To extend back and the upper and lower leg 168,170 dispersed extends from main body along the upper and lower matching surface of the correspondence of adapter.Hole 174 extends each leg of tooth.In order to limit the relative movement of tooth along backward directions, tooth and adapter are configured so that adapter (not shown in Figure 10) is against tooth main body 166.Alternatively, the corresponding matching surface of tooth and adapter can provide stop flange and the groove 162 of cooperation, to limit the relative movement of tooth.In addition, in order to limit or prevent the frictional force between tooth and the relative matching surface of adapter, corresponding surface can such as be made as non-contacting by forming minim gap 172 in-between, as shown in Figure 10.

Alternatively, the matching surface of the front end of adapter and the leg of tooth can be configured so that when tooth pulls on adapter and tooth coordinates the stop flange 162 on adapter they near, thus eliminate the gap 172 shown in Figure 10.

Hole 174 and hole 164 substantial alignment in adapter.The part of each tooth leg at respective aperture 174 rear portion forms the mating part 175 being used for power supply unit 176, preferably hydraulic actuator, and this will be further described below.Rear and the front end in the hole 164 in adapter is positioned at after the rear and front end in the corresponding hole in tooth leg 168,170.

Hydraulic actuator 176 is mainly positioned in vertical adaptive piece bores 14.Its shell 178 partly extends in the hole 174 in the leg of tooth.The rear side 180 of shell comprise upper and lower towards after power transmission flange 182, described power transmission flange 182 is near the wall of the vertical orientation of the mating part of tooth.Flange 182 preferably also adopts as edge, location, and the wall angle 184 in the mating part of edge, described location cooperating teeth, so that in the suitable location of assembly process actuator in hole of syndeton.

Angularly tilting relative to the front surface 165 of the vertical orientation of adaptive piece bores 164 towards front side of shell 178, and form wedge shape space 186 in-between as shown in Figure 10.To construct as is described further below and the wedge shape part 187 operated is inserted in wedge shape space.

Actuator housings 178 comprises piston 188 reciprocating boring of opening wide forward wherein.The beginning of boring is formed by cover plate 191, and described cover plate 191 utilizes bolt 193 to be fixed to shell.Piston drives forwards by such as applying high-pressure fluid, such as machine oil or lubrication oil via pressure fittings 194 and pressure fluid tubes 194 to the rear side of piston.When not applying hydraulic pressure via accessory 192 to the opposite side of piston, cover plate 191 and piston 188 towards the Compress Spring 198 between front side by piston retraction in holing.The dismountable protectiveness cap 196 be preferably made up of elastomeric material, such as rubber or some plastics is pressed and is rubbed and remaining on the preferably suitably upwards directed open interior be formed in as shown in Figure 2 in actuator housings 178.This location of cap in hole protects cap and pressure fittings from being open upwards by it dust, abrasive material etc. that end enters adaptive piece bores.

In order to be arranged on adapter 12 by new tooth 157, tooth slides at first on the matching surface 158,159 of adapter, to make the hole 174 in tooth leg and hole 164 substantial alignment in adapter.Hydraulic actuator 176 is inserted in the hole of alignment, and promotes backward the power transmission flange 182 of adapter is operationally alignd with the wall angle 184 of tooth.This maintains shell and is suitably positioned at inside, hole, and when tooth is arranged on adapter, prevents its shell mobile in hole internal vertical.

Next, apply hydraulic pressure via pressure fittings 192 to piston, the front surface 165 in the hole 164 of described pressure fittings 192 against in adapter forces piston rod 190 along forward direction.Force the rear surface 180 of shell backward relative to the mating part 175 of tooth leg, the mating part 175 of tooth leg is subject to stress, and makes tooth leg extend thus.This increases the horizontal width of wedge shape space 186 accordingly.

Then wedge shape part 187 drops in wedge shape space, described wedge shape part 187 there is the width that is slightly less than the wedge shape space widened but when piston de-energisation wider than the width of the width of wedge shape space.The wedge shape part 187 of wedge shape part 100 similar to Figure 2 is fork-shaped, and has two outward extending legs 202, and described two outward extending legs 202 are spaced apart to allow piston rod 190 to coordinate with vertical wall 165 before adaptive piece bores 164.

When excitation removed by actuator, the leg 168,170 of tooth remains on the state that it is subject to stress, because wedge shape part 187 prevents tooth leg from turning back to state that it relaxes, that be not subject to stress together with actuator housings 178.Wedge shape part 187 has ripple 200 with the relative surface of cover plate 191, and described ripple 200 interlocks to prevent the Relative vertical between it from moving when hydraulic actuator de-energisation.

The horizontal applied force put on by the tooth of stress is chosen as, be enough to maintain immovable syndeton of tooth until actuator activates again by the size of tooth and its leg being made the residual level power making to be produced by tooth, tooth after actuator de-energisation is kept being immovably secured to the front portion of adapter.

It is predicted, tooth is most likely arranged on and is inserted on container front end, such as its front lip and the adapter as above between tooth.But in the preferred case, tooth immovably directly can be fixed to the container lip of structure, in order to simplify and as shown in Figure 10, described container lip is identified by label " 12A ".

Claims

1. for the device of the front end of the excavation container of excavating equipment that removable tooth is immovably secured to, described front end define along forward direction assemble towards upper and lower surface, described tooth has upper leg and lower leg, described upper leg and lower leg near and towards the corresponding upper surface of described front end and soffit location, described device comprises

Multiple openings of the opening at described front end place and the described leg by described tooth, by described multiple opening and the described superposition of end gap of the described leg of described tooth, and define the mating part of described tooth, described mating part transverse to described opening and in its back-end before

To exert pressure unit, described in unit of exerting pressure in described opening and described multiple opening, coordinate described mating part, described in unit of exerting pressure be suitable for producing and discharging approximate horizontal active force, described tooth and described front end pull by described active force toward each other,

Stress members, unit of exerting pressure described in described stress members is operably connected to, when described stress members is subjected to described horizontal applied force, described stress members is flexibly out of shape relative to its relaxed, and

Distance piece, exert pressure described in described distance piece is configured to be inserted in while described horizontal applied force makes described stress members flexibly be out of shape unit, between described opening and described multiple opening, the shape of described distance piece is also made and is made, once described horizontal applied force reduces or stops, then described distance piece continues to make described stress members remain in remaining elastic deformation, in described elastic deformation, described front end and described tooth pull by described stress members toward each other.

2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described front end is defined by the lip of described container.

3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described front end of described container is defined by the adapter be inserted between described container and described tooth, and the surface of described convergence is defined by the front portion of described adapter.

4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in unit of exerting pressure comprise hydraulic actuator, described hydraulic actuator comprise at least one for generation of described horizontal applied force piston.

5. device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described distance piece comprises wedge shape part, described wedge shape part is vertically assembled, and described wedge shape part has isolated vertical leg, wherein said piston protrudes past described wedge shape part along general horizontal direction, and the described leg of wherein said wedge shape part crosses over described outstanding piston.

6. device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described stress members comprises the described upper leg of described tooth and lower leg along backward directions from the part extending past the rear end of described multiple opening near described front end, and described part and described lip is corresponding upper and lower spaced.

7. syndeton according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, interface between wherein said hydraulic actuator with described distance piece is by the relative delimited between described hydraulic actuator and described distance piece, and described surface relatively has the cooperation ripple extended along general horizontal direction.

8. device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described unit of exerting pressure comprises shell, described shell is arranged in multiple openings of described opening and described tooth leg, described shell coordinates the surface defined by one of described multiple opening in described front end and described tooth leg, wherein said piston can along moving with forward direction backward, thus define with by another in the described multiple opening in described front end and described tooth leg and comprise the surface of power source, described power source is operationally connected to described actuator, pressure is put on described piston and moves described piston along described forward and backward directions.

9. device according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described power source comprises the pipeline in described shell, for fluid pressure being put on described piston to move described piston along first direction.

10. device according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described power source also comprises spring, is connected to described piston to move described piston along second direction opposite to the first direction described spring being operable.

11. for the device of the adapter carried by the lip of the excavation container of excavating equipment that tooth is immovably secured to, and described tooth has upper leg and lower leg, and described device comprises:

Substantial alignment in described leg and described adapter, multiple openings of substantially vertical orientation,

Mating part, described mating part is defined by described leg, described mating part near the rear end of the described opening of described adapter and transverse to the described opening in described adapter before the rear end of the described opening of described adapter,

The described upper leg of described tooth and lower leg, described upper leg and lower leg extend from the front end edge backward directions of described adapter,

To exert pressure unit, described in exert pressure cell layout in described opening and described multiple opening, and described opening is configured to optionally apply and discharge approximate horizontal active force, and described tooth and described front end pull by described active force toward each other, and,

Wedge shape part, described wedge shape part between the side and the opposite wall of described opening of described unit of exerting pressure in said opening and in multiple opening, another opposite wall in the vertical orientation side do not contacted with in multiple opening with described opening of described unit of exerting pressure and described opening and multiple opening defines the wedge shape space of substantially vertical convergence, described wedge shape space is configured to receive described wedge shape part

Described unit of exerting pressure comprises the piston of at least one power actuated, described piston can extend along general horizontal direction and shrink through described wedge shape space, described approximate horizontal active force to be put on the described upper leg of described tooth and lower leg, described active force expands the horizontality of described wedge shape space, and flexibly extend described upper leg and lower tooth leg described leg to be placed in the state by stress

The horizontal dimension of described wedge shape part is chosen as and makes, when in the wedge shape space being inserted into described expansion, when described unit of exerting pressure applies described horizontal applied force, described tooth leg is in the state that it is subject to stress, and make, once the horizontal applied force produced by described unit of exerting pressure reduces or stops, then described tooth leg remains on the state by stress, and continue described tooth and described front end to pull toward each other, and maintain described tooth and described adapter firmly immovable thus and contact.

12. syndetons according to claim 11, is characterized in that, wherein said excavation container is the dragline bucket of dragline scraper excavating equipment.

13. 1 kinds, for the excavation container of excavating equipment, comprising:

Container scraper bowl, described container scraper bowl has the lip defining upper surface and soffit at the front end place of described scraper bowl and the opening by substantially vertical extension wherein,

Adapter, described adapter has the multiple openings in the corresponding upper surface of described lip and the upper leg extended back of soffit and lower leg and the described leg that roughly aligns with the described opening in described lip, described adapter comprises the first mating part defined by described leg, the rear end of the described opening of described first mating part in described lip and in its back-end before transverse to the described opening in described lip, the front portion of described adapter has the upper and lower matching surface assembled forward and the hole passing through substantially vertical orientation wherein,

First exerts pressure unit, described first unit of exerting pressure is disposed in the inside of described opening and multiple opening, being suitable for producing between described adapter and described lip is enough to described adapter to be immovably secured to first power of approximate horizontal effect of described lip

First stress members, described first stress members is operationally connected to described first and exerts pressure unit, and when described stress members is subjected to described first power, described first stress members is flexibly out of shape relative to its relaxed,

First distance piece, to exert pressure described in described first distance piece is configured to be inserted in while described first power makes described first stress members flexibly be out of shape unit and between described opening and multiple opening, the shape of described first distance piece is made and is made, once described first power reduces or stops, then described first distance piece continues to make described first stress members remain in abundant elastic deformation, with described lip that described adapter is immovably secured to, and

Removable tooth, described removable tooth is applied in above the described front portion of described adapter, and have near and towards the corresponding upper leg of upper and lower matching surface location and multiple holes of lower leg and the described leg by described tooth, substantially overlapping with described hole by described multiple hole of the described leg of described tooth, and define the second mating part of described tooth, described second mating part is transverse to described hole, and described second mating part is before the rear end in described hole

Second exerts pressure unit, described second exert pressure unit in the hole with described in described multiple Kong Zhongyu mating part coordinate, described second unit of exerting pressure is suitable for producing between described tooth and described adapter and is enough to described tooth to be immovably secured to second power of approximate horizontal effect of described front portion of described adapter

Second stress members, described second stress members is operationally connected to described second and exerts pressure unit, and when described second stress members is subjected to described second power, described second stress members is flexibly out of shape relative to its relaxed, and

Second distance piece, described second distance piece is configured to be inserted in while described second power makes described second stress members flexibly be out of shape described second and exerts pressure unit and between described hole and multiple hole, the shape of described second distance piece is made and is made, once described second power reduces or stops, then described second distance piece continues to make described second stress members remain in abundant elastic deformation, with the described adapter that is immovably secured to by described tooth.

14. excavation containers according to claim 13, is characterized in that, described scraper bowl is the dragline bucket of dragline scraper excavating equipment.

15. excavation containers according to claim 13, is characterized in that, described second power makes the described leg of described tooth be subject to tension force effect.

The method at the connection edge of the front end of 16. 1 kinds of scraper bowls forming excavating equipment that tooth is immovably secured to, described tooth has the front portion defining crown end and the isolated leg extended back from described front portion, and described method comprises:

Described tooth is positioned on described connection edge,

Support that the part be positioned between described leg of the described front portion of described tooth prevents from moving along backward directions,

Support the described front portion of described tooth flexibly to extend described leg along described backward directions by approximate horizontal active force is put on the rear portion of described leg simultaneously,

By stop the leg of described elongation turn back to its not by described in the situation of stress release backward active force described leg is maintained in residual stress state and makes described leg be subjected to remaining effect backward, prevent the leg of described elongation from turning back to it not by the state of stress, and

The size of described leg made, make in its residual stress state, the active force backward of described remnants is enough to be immovably secured to the described connection edge of described scraper bowl.

17. method method according to claim 16, is characterized in that, the be immovably secured to adapter of scraper bowl of described fillet cause defines.

18. method method according to claim 15, it is characterized in that, comprise the step of removing described tooth from described connection edge, this step comprise again apply described in active force backward, when described active force applies again backward time, remove described tooth from described container edge.

19. 1 kinds for changing the method for the tooth of the wearing and tearing of the excavation container being connected to excavating equipment, under its operating conditions, described tooth be irremovably connected to described container by the lip of described container and a part defined in being inserted between described tooth and syndeton adapter

Described syndeton is formed by the isolated leg of the described tooth applied on the mentioned parts, described leg and described part have multiple holes of substantially overlapping vertical orientation, to exert pressure unit and wedge shape part, described unit of exerting pressure operationally is arranged in described multiple hole, described Unit selection of exerting pressure produces and discharges approximate horizontal active force, described tooth and described part pull by described active force toward each other, described wedge shape part be arranged on be formed in described in the wedge shape space of exerting pressure between unit and described multiple hole, to exert pressure described in described wedge shape part coordinates the isolated relative part in unit and described multiple hole, and under described tooth leg being maintained elastic stress situation after described horizontal applied force release, and under thus described tooth being maintained described operating conditions,

Described method comprises:

Approximate horizontal power is put on the described leg of described tooth, to increase the described stress in the described leg of described tooth, and flexibly expands described wedge shape space in the horizontal direction thus and unclamp described wedge shape part,

When described approximate horizontal power maintains, extract described wedge shape part out from described wedge shape space, and

After this from the tooth worn and torn described in described partial demolition,

The tooth of described wearing and tearing is changed with new tooth, and by the corresponding multiple opening in described new tooth and described section aligned,

Again apply described approximate horizontal active force, be subject to stress to make the Think-Pink leg of described tooth and increase the size of described wedge shape space,

After this, when described horizontal force applies, wedge shape part is inserted in described wedge shape space completely, and

After this stop applying described approximate horizontal power, described wedge shape part is made to continue to apply remaining approximate horizontal power, it is described by stress state that described remaining approximate horizontal power makes described tooth leg maintain, and make described tooth be in described operating conditions thus.

20. method method according to claim 19, it is characterized in that, comprise: exert pressure described in interlocking in response to stopping applies described horizontal applied force unit and described wedge shape part, to exert pressure described in preventing, unit and described wedge shape part relative to each other vertically move in described multiple hole.

21., for the device of the container of the excavating equipment that tooth is immovably secured to, comprise

The front portion of described container, the connection edge being suitable for carrying described tooth is defined in described front portion,

Described tooth comprises main body and the first and second isolated legs, described agent localization is before described connection edge, described first and second isolated legs extend from described main body along backward directions, described leg is subjected to and forces the described tooth tension force that contacts irremovable with described connection edge, and

Tension force maintains equipment, described tension force maintains equipment and is operationally connected to described leg and described front portion, and described tension force maintains the equipment operation tension force maintained in described leg to be enough to maintain described tooth during the normal dredge operation of described equipment and to be immovably secured to described container.

22. devices according to claim 21, is characterized in that, the described front portion of described container comprises the adapter being fixed to described container, and described adapter defines described connection edge.

23. devices according to claim 21, is characterized in that, described equipment is suitable for optionally producing and discharge described tension force.

24. devices according to claim 23, is characterized in that, when described leg is subjected to described operation tension force, and described equipment out of use.

The tooth of the front end of the container of 25. 1 kinds of excavating equipments that are configured to be immovably secured to, described tooth comprises:

Main body, described main body is assembled along forward direction, terminates in the end of described tooth, have comprise towards after the rear end of rear surface, the shape of described rear surface is made consistent with described front end and against described front end, and

The leg of the isolated upper and lower tension adjustment to post-concentration, described leg extends from described rear end along backward directions, described leg comprises near the rear end of each leg and the component of the rear end of each leg, and described component is used for, when described rear surface coordinates the described front end of described container, the tension force acted on backward is put on described leg.

26. teeth according to claim 26, is characterized in that, wherein said component comprises the hole by each leg, and described hole is suitable for being coordinated by the equipment for applying described tension force.