CN105572162B - Thermal contact resistance test equipment with compensation heating and heat-insulation and heat-preservation system - Google Patents
Thermal contact resistance test equipment with compensation heating and heat-insulation and heat-preservation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of thermal contact resistance test equipment with compensation heating and heat-insulation and heat-preservation system, mainly includes by carrying-loading system, heating system, cooling system, compensation heating system and heat-insulation and heat-preservation system.Carrying-loading system is used to apply stress to sample.Heating system is used to heat being transferred to sample in one-dimensional form.Cooling system is for cooling down the cold end of sample.Compensating heating device is used to that contact interface temperature between sample is made to be maintained at theoretical transition temperature；Insulating, the classification thermal insulation layer that heat-insulation and heat-preservation system is formed using refractory ceramic fibre cotton and perlite are covered with outside said heating system and sample.Compensation heating system and heat-insulation and heat-preservation system effectively reduce the lateral lost of hot-fluid on sample through the invention, improve operability, reduce pollution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of test technology, and in particular to a kind of thermal contact resistance test equipment and method are suitable for not
The test that thermal contact resistance is carried out in synthermal and pressure limit, can be effectively ensured the one-dimensional transmitting of hot-fluid of contact interface.
Background technique
When hot-fluid is when contacting surface of solids transmitting, since the influence of solid actual surface micro-bulge causes effective contact surface
Product is much smaller than nominal contact area, to form hot-fluid contraction at microscopic contact points, contact interface is caused to generate additionally
Heat transmission resistance, as thermal contact resistance.In thermal contact resistance test process, need to guarantee hot-fluid one-dimensional biography from bottom to top on sample
It passs, the lateral heat flow in sample sagittal plane is avoided to lose, especially the lateral heat flow loss of contact interface.According to heat transfer power
It learns, the temperature difference is bigger in plane, and the power of heat transfer is bigger, in order to minimize the loss of the lateral heat flow around sample, therefore need to set
Set compensation heating and heat-insulation and heat-preservation system.The compensation heating of existing thermal contact resistance test equipment is all made of vertical with heat-insulation and heat-preservation system
Body formula ring heater and single perlite heat-barrier material；Three-dimensional ring heater thickness is larger, can be to non-contact interface
Outer sample hot-fluid affects greatly；Perlite heat-barrier material high temperature resistance is poor, and in the case where carrying out high temperature, thermal contact resistance is surveyed
Meeting powdered when examination, environmental pollution is serious.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is low in order to solve the reliability of heating system, safety and stability in existing thermal contact resistance test, can
The problem of operational difference proposes a kind of thermal contact resistance test equipment with compensation heating and heat-insulation and heat-preservation system.
Thermal contact resistance test equipment of the present invention with compensation heating and heat-insulation and heat-preservation system, including carrying-loading system,
Heating system, cooling system, insulating and compensating heating device.
Load-the bearing system includes bearing part and loading section；Between bearing part and loading section from top to bottom
It is disposed with cooling system, sample and heating system.Wherein, heating system is mounted on bearing part, for furnace chamber
Table；It is provided with sample heater in furnace chamber, is used to make by sample heater to form hot environment inside furnace chamber.Sample heater
It is inside provided with heat conducting device, heat in furnace chamber is transferred to the sample of table upper surface installation by one-dimensional form.It is cold
But system is set to the circumferential position of sample, is cooled down for the cold end of sample；The cold end of sample is passed by the power of loading section
Guide rod applies stress, and stress intensity is acquired by pressure sensor.Design has test point, the temperature at test point in the sample axial direction
Degree has thermocouple acquisition.
Above-mentioned table and sample are covered with insulating, and insulating is mounted on bearing part；For guaranteeing to try
The one-dimensional transmitting of hot-fluid on sample.Compensating heating device is installed on the outside of sample, passes through connecing between compensating heating device guarantee sample
Touch the one-dimensional transmitting of hot-fluid at interface.
Design has test point in the sample axial direction, and the temperature at test point has thermocouple acquisition.
It is use using the above-mentioned test method with compensation heating and the thermal contact resistance test equipment of heat-insulation and heat-preservation system
Single heat-flow meter method or double heat flux meter method are realized by following step:
Step 1: the installation of sample.
Sample is fixedly mounted on table upper surface；Applied simultaneously by loading section in load-bearing system to sample
Stress；And thermocouple is installed, and the buttock line of thermocouple is connected into data collection system at the test point on sample.
Step 2: to sample heating and loading stress, collecting test point temperature.
Sample is heated by opening sample heater, reaches stable to specimen temperature, is acquired by data collection system each
Temperature at test point.
Step 3: calculating the mean temperature of two sample contacts interfaces adjacent in sample.
Step 4: using mean temperature as theoretical transition temperature, being controlled in compensating heating device by temperature control system
Ring heater carries out temperature-compensating to two adjacent sample contacts interfaces, guarantees the contact interface of two adjacent samples
Place is maintained at theoretical transition temperature；
Step 5: determining that the temperature at two adjacent sample contacts faces drops by temperature gradient of extrapolating.
Step 6: determining the axial heat flux density of sample.
Step 7: the axial direction of temperature drop and sample at the two test sample contact surfaces determined according to step 5 and step 6
Heat flow density calculates the contact conductane and thermal contact resistance of two test sample contact interfaces.
The present invention has the advantages that
1, in the compensating heating device of thermal contact resistance test equipment of the present invention, ring heater is flat hollow circle,
Thickness is small, and the heater that makes to go in ring realizes contact interface and annular close to only temperature-compensating is carried out between the contact interface sample
The lateral isothermal of heater maximizes hot-fluid in the axial transmission of sample contacts interface, avoids the loss of lateral heat flow.
2, in the compensating heating device of thermal contact resistance test equipment of the present invention, the fixation bracket of ring heater uses high temperature
Mullite material is process, and the heat-proof quality of high temperature mullite material is good, and hardness is small, easy making process, convenient for disassembly and assembly, significantly
Simplify the operating procedure when structure and replacement sample of the fixed device of three-dimensional circular heater.
3, the insulating of thermal contact resistance test equipment of the present invention is according to regional temperature characteristic, using refractory ceramic fibre
The classification of cotton and perlite is arranged, and improves heat-proof quality, avoids the powdered of perlite, eliminates dust pollution, improves
Operating environment.
4, thermal contact resistance test equipment of the present invention, it may be convenient to carry out the thermal contact resistance under different temperatures and force combination
Test.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is thermal contact resistance test equipment overall structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is carrying-loading system top board structure schematic diagram in thermal contact resistance test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is heating system structural schematic diagram in thermal contact resistance test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is schematic diagram of cooling system structure in thermal contact resistance test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is thermocouple stabilization supporting structure schematic diagram in thermal contact resistance test equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is compensating heating device structural schematic diagram in thermal contact resistance test equipment of the present invention.
In figure:
| 1- carrying-loading system | 2- heating system | 3- cooling system |
| 4- temperature control system | 5- data collection system | 6- computer |
| 7- sample | 8- insulating | 9- compensating heating device |
| 10- thermocouple | 11- center rest | 101- strut |
| 102- top plate | 103- bottom plate | 104- fixture nut |
| 105- pressure sensor | 106- power conductive bar | 107- reinforcing rib |
| 201- table | 202- heater | 203- heat conducting device |
| The non-master bearing position of 201a- | The direct bearing position of 201b- | The indirect bearing position of 201c- |
| The position easy to wear 201d- | 202a- heater strip | 301- central through hole |
| The cooling duct 302- | 303- partition | 304- cold water inlet pipe |
| 305- cooling water outlet pipe | 901- compensates heated holder | 902- ring heater |
| 11a- through-hole | 11b- screw hole |
Specific embodiment
The present invention has the thermal contact resistance test equipment for stablizing heating system, including carrying-loading system 1, heating system
2, cooling system 3, temperature control system, insulating, compensating heating device, data collection system 5 and computer 6, such as Fig. 1
It is shown.
Load-the bearing system 1 includes bearing part and loading section；Bearing part includes strut 101, top plate 102
With bottom plate 103, overall structure frame is provided；Wherein, top plate 102 and about 103 bottom plate are horizontally disposed, by be circumferentially all provided with four
Root strut 101 is fixedly connected, connection type are as follows: between every strut 101 and top plate 102 and bottom plate 103 by be located at top plate 102 and
103 two sides of bottom plate, and the fixture nut 104 being threadably mounted on strut 101 tightens fixation；It, can by unclamping fixture nut 104
Realize the adjusting of top plate 102 and bottom plate 103 level angle and vertical height.Above-mentioned 102 combination pressure sensor 105 of top plate and power
Conductive bar 106 collectively forms bearing system, and the test stress for sample is adjusted.Wherein, 105 one end of pressure sensor passes through spiral shell
Nail is fixedly mounted on 102 lower surface center of top plate；105 other end of pressure sensor passes through screw and power conductive bar 106
Fixing end is fixed；The power conduction terminals of power conductive bar 106 are contacted with the cold end of sample.As a result, by adjusting the upper bottom of top plate 102
It sets to adjust the pressure applied to pressure sensor 105, and transfers the pressure to the cold end of sample by power conductive bar 106, it is complete
The load of pairs of sample.Meanwhile pressure sensor 105 is acquired the pressure signal of acquisition by data collection system 5, and is sent to
It is shown and is stored in computer 6.Heretofore described top plate 102 uses thick steel plate, is designed as cross Lightened structure, such as
Shown in Fig. 2, and guarantee the intensity of top plate 102, also reduction top plate by corresponding criss-crossing reinforcing ribs 107 in 102 top surface of top plate
102 itself weight to realize compared with carrying out the test of thermal contact resistance under low stress, while making the peace of sample and thermocouple etc.
Dress operation is more convenient.
7 hot end of said sample is installed in heating system 2, and heating system 2 is fixedly mounted on bottom plate 103, including table
201, sample heater 202 and heat conducting device 203, as shown in figure 3, for making sample 7 obtain stable one-dimensional heat source.
Wherein, table 201 is whole is piled up using high temperature mullite brick and high alumina brick, has bottom made of piling up
The side wall that portion's pedestal, bottom pedestal upper surface outer circumference are piled up upwards, by overlapped top plate seal at the top of table, and then the bottom of at
Furnace chamber is formed between portion's pedestal, side wall and top plate, for installing sample heater 202 and heat conducting device 203.Wherein, bottom platform
The external circumferential of seat is non-master bearing position 201a；(i.e. bottom pedestal removes in brick and side wall at the middle and upper levels for bottom pedestal upper surface
Remaining outer brick of the brick to connect) it is used as direct bearing position 201b；In the pedestal of bottom unless primary load bearing position 201a and directly
Remaining position outside bearing position 201b is indirect bearing position 201c；Top plate is position 201d easy to wear.It is non-master as a result, to hold
It is excellent but intolerant to heavily stressed high temperature mullite brick that power position 201a and indirect bearing position 201c are all made of heat-proof quality；And
Direct bearing position 201b and position 201d easy to wear is all made of heat insulation difference but resistance to heavily stressed high-alumina brick.Pass through above-mentioned furnace
201 structure of platform provides closing, heat preservation, heat-insulated fixed space for sample heater 202 and heat conducting device 203；The closing
Sexual isolation oxygen, it is therefore prevented that the heater strip 202a oxidation in sample heater 202, in replacement sample every time without to adding
Hot systems 2 carry out dismounting again, to ensure the stability of heating system 2；Heat insulating ability can prevent sample heater 202
Scattering and disappearing for the heat of generation, ensure that the stability of heating efficiency and hot-fluid；Thermal insulation can prevent 201 external temperature mistake of table
Height, to ensure the safety of sample heater 202 and heat conducting device 203.And due to high-alumina brick rough surface, easily mill
Damage, mullite brick surface is smooth, wear-resisting, therefore 201 structure of table had not only met heat-insulated, the thermal requirements of heating system 2, but also protected
It has demonstrate,proved table 201 and has been able to bear high stress, effectively avoided the abrasion of 201 side of table and top surface during test operation.On
Sample heater 202 is stated to be used to make inside furnace chamber add at hot environment for the heat conducting device 203 inside sample heater 202
Heat.As shown in figure 3, sample heater 202 is cylindrical shape, be vertically arranged, top surface and bottom surface respectively with the top plate of table 201 and bottom
The contact of portion pedestal upper surface.The spiral shape designed on heater strip 202a and 202 outer wall of sample heater in sample heater 202
Groove is coupled, as shown in figure 4, twist winding on 202 outer wall of sample heater.Heater strip 202a can with external
Control silicon pressure regulator is connected with safety switch, and thyristor regulating depressor is used to adjust the voltage at the both ends heater strip 202a, and then controls and add
The thermal power of heated filament 202a, to realize the adjusting to test required temperature and heat.Safety switch is used to survey in thermal contact resistance
Examination equipment occurs to be automatically closed when drop-in short circuit or electric leakage, ensure that thermal contact resistance test equipment and the peace of operator
Entirely.
Heat conducting device 203 is solid cylinder, for transferring heat to sample 7.Heat conducting device 203 uses thermal conductivity
Good graphite material, be coaxially disposed in 202 inner cavity of sample heater, top and bottom respectively with the top plate of table 201 and
The contact of bottom pedestal upper surface.The heat that sample heater 202 generates as a result, will be with one-dimensional shape by heat conducting device 203
Formula passes to the sample hot end of 201 top surface of table installation, so that the hot end for being embodied as sample 7 provides stable one-dimensional heat source.On
State the set-up mode between 201 top surface of sample 7 and table are as follows:
Specimen mount is fixedly mounted on 201 top surface of table.Centre is equipped with groove in specimen mount, and groove diameter is omited
Greater than 7 diameter of sample, make the hot end of sample 7 as in groove, thereby ensure that the hot end of 7 stability of sample and sample 7 with
Between heat conducting device 203 to neutrality, improve heating efficiency, make sample 7 hot end have stable one-dimensional heat source
Sample heater 202 uses ceramic cylinder in the present invention, and since ceramic bucket is possible to charge, ceramic cylinder uses nothing
Bottom surface structure so that 203 bottom surface of heat conducting device directly with the direct bearing position 201b of 201 center base upper surface middle part of table
Contact, and do not contacted with ceramic cylinder, it prevents heat conducting device 203 from charging and influences safe direct.Meanwhile it also being tried in the present invention
The through-hole communicated with 202 inner cavity of sample heater, through-hole are uniformly provided in spiral groove 202a on 202 outer wall of sample heater
For the heat generated to 202 inner cavity of heater transmission heater strip 202a, so that the heat for guaranteeing that heater strip 202a is generated can be with
Maximal efficiency passes to heat conducting device 203, improves the heating efficiency of heating system 2.
The cooling system 3 is used to be cooled down for the cold end of sample 7.As shown in figure 4, cooling system 3 is using in having
The annular cold water storage cistern of heart through-hole 301, the design of central through hole 301 has internal screw thread, while design has outside on 106 outer wall of power conductive bar
Screw thread, and then cold water storage cistern screw thread is socketed in power conductive bar 106, so that cold water storage cistern is located at the cold end of sample 7, and pass through cold water storage cistern
Being threadedly engaged between power conductive bar 106 keeps upper and lower position of the cold water storage cistern in power conductive bar 106 adjustable, and then changes to examination
The cooling effect of 7 cold end of sample.Low temperature is passed to power conductive bar 106 by cooling water tank, is reduced by the temperature of power conductive bar 106,
To realize the cooling of 7 cold end of sample.Cold water storage cistern is internally provided with spiral loop around the cooling duct of cold water storage cistern central through hole 301
302, it is provided with the partition 303 of edge relative position opening in cooling duct 302, is divided cooling duct by partition 303
It prevents from being detained to guarantee that recirculated cooling water flows to top from bottom for upper, middle and lower-ranking.The design of cold water storage cistern bottom sidewall has
Cold water inlet pipe 304, top sidewall design have cooling water outlet pipe 305, and inlet tube 304 and outlet 305 pass through cooling duct 302
Connection.Cooling water enters cooling duct 302 from cold water inlet pipe 304 as a result, and adverse current is by cooling duct 302 from bottom to top, from
Cooling water outlet pipe 305 flows out.This kind of type of cooling increases the contact area of cooling water Yu power conductive bar 106, to greatest extent
Improve cooling efficiency.Guarantee the cold junction temperature of sample 7.
Method used by thermal contact resistance is tested includes single heat-flow meter method and double heat flux meter method, sample 7 in single heat-flow meter method
Including two test samples and a heat-flow meter sample；Sample 7 includes two test samples and two hot-fluids in double heat flux meter method
Count sample.In two methods, test sample is identical as the geomery of heat-flow meter sample, and by being coaxially disposed up and down, and end face is pasted
It closes；And the measurement of heat-flow meter sample is different from test sample material, selects material known to relevant parameter.In single heat-flow meter method,
From top to bottom it is followed successively by test sample-test sample-heat-flow meter sample；In double heat flux meter method, it is from top to bottom followed successively by heat-flow meter
Sample-test sample-test sample-heat-flow meter sample.By load-bearing system to sample loading stress, each examination is realized
It is relatively fixed between sample.In above-mentioned list heat-flow meter method and double heat flux meter method, the thermal resistance of two test sample contact interfaces is to need
The thermal contact resistance of test.The contact interface oxidation that adjacent samples in test process are reduced in the present invention, in adjacent samples
High-temp glue is coated at contact interface uniformly with starvation.
In above-mentioned list heat-flow meter method and double heat flux meter method, n test point, n >=3, n are arranged along axis on the side wall of each sample
The distance between a test point is,For the axial length of each sample；And the test point on each sample is respectively away from the examination
Sample upper surface is at a distance from lower end surfaceIt is equal, while two distancesThe sum of be equal to two neighboring test point spacing, it may be assumed that.The probe mounting holes of thermocouple 10 are offered at above-mentioned each test point, for installing thermocouple 10.
As shown in Figure 1, thermocouple 10 is used as temperature sensor, for measuring the Temperature Distribution in whole 7 axial direction of sample.Heat
Galvanic couple 10 uses K-type nickel network Nickel-Silicom thermocouple, can test 0 ~ 1300 DEG C of temperature range, on each sample each test point spy
The measurement end of a thermocouple 10 is all connected in head mounting hole, the buttock line of thermocouple 10 is connected with data collection system 5, passes through number
The temperature data acquired according to acquisition system 5 is depicted as temperature variation curve by computer 6 and is shown and stored, in order to grasp
The monitoring and control of author's progress temperature.
During the test, the meeting of sample 7 expanded by heating, the thermocouple 10 of some measuring points may loosen or fall off.This hair
It is bright devise it is a kind of for fixing the center rest 11 of thermocouple 10.Center rest 11 is located at the side of whole sample, passes through bottom
Seat is fixed on the top plate of table 201, is guaranteed the stability of center rest itself, is prevented falling off for thermocouple 10.Center rest
11 height is equal with the axial length of sample 7, and the measurement point position corresponded on sample 7 on center rest 11 is provided with through-hole
11a, while it being also provided with screw hole 11b, and screw hole 11b is communicated with through-hole 11a, axis is vertical, as shown in Figure 5.It as a result, will be each
The buttock line corresponding end of a thermocouple 10 passes through the through-hole 11a on center rest 11, and passes through screw hole 11b by screw and tighten admittedly
It is fixed.
It is covered with insulating 8 outside said heating system 2 and sample 7, insulating 8 is mounted on bottom plate 103, root
According to the difference of 8 present position temperature of insulating, the material of different heat-proof qualities is selected.2 temperature outside of heating system compared with
In the region of low (20-50 DEG C), then using the poor but cheap perlite of high temperature resistance as insulating 8；?
Using heat insulation effect, good but expensive refractory ceramic fibre cotton makees in the region of 7 ambient temperature of sample very high (20-1000 DEG C)
Increase along the axial direction of sample 7 heat to prevent the transverse direction of heat to scatter and disappear for insulating 8.Heat-insulation and heat-preservation in the present invention
Layer 8 uses refractory ceramic fibre cotton, and the design in combination with table 201 in the present invention considerably reduces outside heating system 2
The temperature of side, the powder of perlite caused by temperature is excessively high when so as to avoid individually using perlite as insulating 8
Change, eliminates dust pollution, improve operating environment, be more suitable for engineering test and laboratory research.
In thermal contact resistance test process, even if using insulating 8, the contact interface position of adjacent samples is lateral
On hot-fluid loss it is also inevitable, in order to reduce to the greatest extent lateral heat flow loss, therefore the present invention have also been devised compensation heating dress
Set 9.Compensating heating device includes that thermocouple is heated in compensation heated holder 901, ring heater 902 and compensation, as shown in Figure 6.
Wherein, compensation heated holder 901 is mounted on the top plate of table 201, for the annular frame knot being made of axially uniformly distributed pillar
Structure, sample 7 are located inside fixed compensation heated holder 901.Compensation heated holder 901 is process using aluminous refractory,
The high temperature resistance of aluminous refractory is good, and hardness is small；And compensation 901 overall structure of heated holder is simple, easy making process can be with
It replaces at any time.Ring heater 902 is circumferential upper and compensates the card slot cooperation designed in heated holder 901, is plugged and fixed and is mounted on
It compensates in heated holder 901, is located at and adjacent samples contact interface isometry position.The heater 902 that goes in ring uses flat ring
Shape structure, with a thickness of 2mm-5mm, more thin more effect is better.Ring heater 902 be horizontally placed in sample 7 adjacent samples with
Contact interface position between heat-flow meter, place plane is coplanar with contact interface, and circumferential upper close to sample, makes ring heater
902 7 circumferential side wall distance of inner ring test coupon is advisable for 20mm.By ring heater 902 to adjacent samples and heat-flow meter
Between contact interface position carry out temperature-compensating, temperature-compensating is more targeted, and is easier to install and fixed, eliminate with
It is larger by thickness (20mm or so) toward the three-dimensional circular heater used, it causes in the non-contact facial position of test sample and solid
The influence of the temperature gradient formed between ring heater.A compensation heating heat is arranged on above-mentioned each ring heater 902
Galvanic couple, compensation heating thermocouple are connected with temperature controller, by the temperature feedback of ring heater 902 to temperature control system 4, pass through
The temperature realization contact interface identical as the theoretical transition temperature of contact interface of the setting ring heater 902 of temperature control system 4
With the lateral isothermal of ring heater 902, axial transmission of the hot-fluid at contact interface is maximized, the damage of lateral heat flow is avoided
It loses.Compensating heating device 9 is combined from there through insulating 8, it is ensured that the one-dimensional transmitting of the hot-fluid of each contact interface.
Temperature control system 4 and data collection system 5 realize the temperature tune for heating system 2, compensating heating system 2 respectively
Automatic collection, arrangement and the storage of section and the pressure to the temperature and application of each point on sample, and pass through 6 real-time display of computer
The numerical value and change curve of temperature and pressure, operator is according to the temperature and pressure data of real-time display, by temperature control system 4
To adjust the heating power of sample heater 202 Yu ring heater 902, and controlled to sample 7 by carrying-loading system 1
The pressure size of application, so that the temperature and pressure for reaching test requirements document is horizontal.
Using the present invention there is the thermal contact resistance test equipment for stablizing heating system to carry out thermal contact resistance test, by following
Method is realized, the specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: the installation of sample 7.
When using single heat-flow meter method or double heat flux meter method, the hot end of sample 7 is fixedly mounted in the groove of sample stand；
Simultaneously by adjusting the upper and lower position of top plate 102 in load-bearing system 1, make the cold end of power conductive bar 106 end and sample 7
Contact, and apply stress to the cold end of sample 7, and then be fixed on sample 7 between top plate 102 and table 201.On sample 7
Thermocouple is installed at temperature measuring point, and the buttock line of thermocouple is connected into data collection system 5.
Step 2: to the heating of sample 7 and loading stress, acquiring 7 test point temperature of sample.
The hot end of sample 7 is heated by opening the sample heater 202 in heating system 2, after 3~4 hours, wait try
7 temperature of sample reaches stable, and control data collection system 5 acquires the temperature on sample 7 at each test point, is sent in computer 6
It is stored, and the temperature variation curve at each test point is drawn by computer 6.When the temperature of test point each in 15 minutes
Degree variation is when within 0.2 degree, i.e., it is believed that the Axial Thermal of sample 7 spreads and defeated has reached stable state.
Step 3: calculating the mean temperature of two sample contacts interfaces adjacent in sample 7；
To enable whole test points on two adjacent samples be respectively 1 from the bottom to top, 2,3 ..., m；M is adjacent two
Whole test point numbers on a sample, m=2n；N is the number of test points evidence on a sample.
Then the temperature of two thermocouples 10 nearest apart from two adjacent sample contacts interfaces is respectivelyT n WithT n+1
, the temperature at two adjacent sample contacts interfaces is determined by temperature gradient of extrapolatingT n ’ 、T n+1 ’ It is respectively as follows:
Wherein,T 1 、T 2n The temperature of bottom test point and the top test point in two respectively adjacent samples.
Can then it recognizeT n ’ WithT n+1 ’ Average value be two adjacent sample contacts interfaces mean temperature, are as follows:
Step 4: temperature-compensating is carried out to two adjacent sample contacts interfaces.
By the mean temperature of two adjacent sample contacts interfacesΔT ’ As the theoretical transition temperature between two samples,
Temperature-compensating is carried out to contact interface, the ring heater 902 in compensating heating device 9 is controlled by temperature control system, is protected
It demonstrate,proves and keeps theoretical transition temperature at the contact surface of two samplesΔT ’ 。
Step 5: determining that (temperature reduces the drop of the temperature at two adjacent sample contacts faces by temperature gradient of extrapolating
Value)ΔT:
Step 6: the axial heat flux density of sample 7 is determined according to heat-flow meter.
For using single heat-flow meter method, by calculating the axial heat flux density of heat-flow meter sample, the as axis of sample 7
To heat flow densityq；
For using double heat flux meter method, it is averaged after the axial heat flux density by calculating two heat-flow meter samples,
The as axial heat flux density of sample 7q。
The axial heat flux density calculation method of above-mentioned heat-flow meter sample are as follows:
The thermal coefficient variation with temperature of material is approximately linear relationship, the pass changed according to thermal conductivity λ with temperature t
System calculates parameter relevant to material and temperaturebWith0Are as follows:
The then axial heat flux density of heat-flow meter sample are as follows:
Step 7: calculating the contact conductane and thermal contact resistance of two test sample contact interfaces.
The Axial Thermal of temperature drop and sample entirety at the two test sample contact surfaces determined according to step 5 and step 6
Current density obtains two test sample contact conductanes are as follows:
The thermal contact resistance are as follows:
。
Claims (3)
1. the thermal contact resistance test equipment with compensation heating and heat-insulation and heat-preservation system, it is characterised in that: including load-carrying system
System, heating system, cooling system, insulating and compensating heating device；
Load-the bearing system includes bearing part and loading section；Between bearing part and loading section from top to bottom successively
It is provided with cooling system, sample and heating system；Wherein, heating system is mounted on bearing part, for the table with furnace chamber；
It is provided with sample heater in furnace chamber, is used to make by sample heater to form hot environment inside furnace chamber；It is set in sample heater
It is equipped with heat conducting device, heat in furnace chamber is transferred to the sample of table upper surface installation by one-dimensional form；Cooling system is set
It is placed in the axial position of sample, is cooled down for the cold end of sample；The cold end of sample is applied by the power conductive bar of loading section
Stress, stress intensity are acquired by pressure sensor；Design has test point in the sample axial direction, and the temperature at test point has thermoelectricity
Even acquisition；
Above-mentioned table and sample are covered with insulating, and insulating is mounted on bearing part；For guaranteeing on sample
The one-dimensional transmitting of hot-fluid；Compensating heating device is installed on the outside of sample, contact circle between sample is guaranteed by compensating heating device
The one-dimensional transmitting of the hot-fluid in face；
The heating system is fixedly mounted on bottom plate, including table, sample heater and heat conducting device, wherein table
It is whole to be piled up using high temperature mullite brick and high alumina brick, there is bottom pedestal made of piling up, table on the pedestal of bottom
The side wall that face outer circumference is piled up upwards, by overlapped top plate seal at the top of table, and then between bottom pedestal, side wall and top plate
Furnace chamber is formed, for installing sample heater and heat conducting device；Wherein, the external circumferential of bottom pedestal is non-primary load bearing portion
Position；Bottom pedestal upper surface, i.e. bottom pedestal at the middle and upper levels in brick in addition to the brick to connect with side wall remaining brick as direct
Bearing position；In the pedestal of bottom unless primary load bearing position and remaining position outside direct bearing position are indirect bearing position；
Top plate is position easy to wear；It is excellent but intolerant to heavily stressed that non-master bearing position and indirect bearing position are all made of heat-proof quality
High temperature mullite brick；And directly bearing position and position easy to wear are all made of heat insulation difference but resistance to heavily stressed high-alumina brick；Examination
Sample heater is cylindrical shape, is vertically arranged, top surface is contacted with the top plate of table with bottom pedestal upper surface respectively with bottom surface；Sample
The spiral groove designed on heater strip and sample heater outer wall in heater is coupled, on sample heater outer wall
Twist wind；Heater strip is connected with external thyristor regulating depressor and safety switch, and thyristor regulating depressor, which is used to adjust, to be added
The voltage at heated filament both ends；
Insulating at 20-50 DEG C of heating system temperature outside of region uses perlite material；It is warm around sample
Insulating at the region of 20-1000 DEG C of degree uses refractory ceramic fibre cotton；
Compensating heating device includes compensation heated holder, ring heater and compensation heating thermocouple；Wherein, heated holder is compensated
It is mounted on table upper surface；Ring heater is horizontally placed in sample the contact interface position between adjacent samples and heat-flow meter；
Arrange that thermocouple is heated in a compensation on each ring heater, compensation heating thermocouple is connected with temperature control system, by ring
The temperature feedback of shape heater sets temperature and the contact circle of ring heater by temperature control system to temperature control system
The identical lateral isothermal for realizing contact interface and ring heater of the theoretical transition temperature in face, makes axis of the hot-fluid at contact interface
It is maximized to transmission, avoids the loss of lateral heat flow；Above-mentioned compensation heated holder is process using aluminous refractory；Annular
Heater inner ring test coupon axial side wall distance is 20mm.
2. having the thermal contact resistance test equipment of compensation heating and heat-insulation and heat-preservation system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The ring heater is with a thickness of 2mm-5mm.
3. having compensation heating to carry out contacting heat with the thermal contact resistance test equipment of heat-insulation and heat-preservation system described in application claim 1
Hinder the method for test, it is characterised in that: using single heat-flow meter method or double heat flux meter method, realize by following step:
Step 1: the installation of sample；
Sample is fixedly mounted on table upper surface；Stress is applied to sample by loading section in load-bearing system simultaneously；
And thermocouple is installed, and the buttock line of thermocouple is connected into data collection system at the test point on sample；
Step 2: to sample heating and loading stress, collecting test point temperature；
Sample is heated by opening sample heater, reaches stable to specimen temperature, each test is acquired by data collection system
Temperature at point；
Step 3: calculating the mean temperature of two sample contacts interfaces adjacent in sample；
Step 4: using mean temperature as theoretical transition temperature, the annular in compensating heating device being controlled by temperature control system
Heater carries out temperature-compensating to two adjacent contact interfaces between sample and heat-flow meter, guarantees connecing for two adjacent samples
Touching interface is maintained at theoretical transition temperature；
Step 5: determining that the temperature at two adjacent sample contacts faces drops by temperature gradient of extrapolating；
Step 6: determining the axial heat flux density of sample；
Step 7: the axial hot-fluid of temperature drop and sample at the two test sample contact surfaces determined according to step 5 and step 6
Density calculates the contact conductane and thermal contact resistance of two test sample contact interfaces.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510954538.0A CN105572162B (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2015-12-17 | Thermal contact resistance test equipment with compensation heating and heat-insulation and heat-preservation system |
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| CN201510954538.0A CN105572162B (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2015-12-17 | Thermal contact resistance test equipment with compensation heating and heat-insulation and heat-preservation system |
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| CN105572162B true CN105572162B (en) | 2019-01-11 |
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| CN107421980B (en) * | 2017-02-04 | 2019-08-23 | 青岛大学 | Heating impedance compensation type thermo-resistance measurement method |
| CN108088869B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2021-03-09 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Heat insulation performance test device of thermal protection system |
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| CN110018193B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2022-02-18 | 上海工程技术大学 | Device and method for measuring interface heat exchange coefficient and material thermal conductivity |
| CN110186948A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-30 | 重庆大学 | A kind of bearing ring and ball thermal contact resistance measuring system and measurement method |
| CN111077181B (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2022-03-22 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Device and method for testing thermal contact resistance between outer surface of medium-low voltage cable and soil |
| CN113092525A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Insulation material steady state heat conduction test system under electric field containing thermal drive guard electrode |
| CN117129523A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-11-28 | 北京市计量检测科学研究院 | Device and method for testing temperature of heat dissipation coating of integrated circuit |
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| US6142662A (en) * | 1998-06-16 | 2000-11-07 | New Jersey Institute Of Technology | Apparatus and method for simultaneously determining thermal conductivity and thermal contact resistance |
| JP2006145446A (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2006-06-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Thermal conductivity measuring device and method |
| CN1877313B (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2010-05-12 | 大连理工大学 | Method and apparatus for measuring solid interface contact heat exchange coefficient |
| CN101887041B (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2011-08-31 | 北京交通大学 | Device and method for measuring thermal contact resistance under action of mechanical pressure |
| CN101929970B (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2012-05-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Thermal contact resistance testing method and equipment |
| CN101915781B (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2012-01-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | Thermal contact resistance test equipment with compensating heating device |
| CN101929969B (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2012-01-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | Thermal contact resistance testing device with cooling device |
| CN101907590B (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2012-01-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | Thermal contact resistance test equipment |
| CN101915780B (en) * | 2010-07-13 | 2012-03-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | Test equipment applied to high-temperature and high-stress thermal contact resistance test |
| CN201926635U (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-08-10 | 西安交通大学 | Joint surface thermal contact resistance measuring device |
| DE102011003862A1 (en) * | 2011-02-09 | 2012-08-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and measuring arrangement for characterizing a thermal interface material |
| CN204287093U (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2015-04-22 | 兰州大学 | Stretch based on super magnetic hysteresis the solid interface thermal contact resistance proving installation of intellectual material |
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