CN105569881B - A kind of method for realizing the efficient no pollution operation of liquefied natural gas power engine of boat and ship - Google Patents
A kind of method for realizing the efficient no pollution operation of liquefied natural gas power engine of boat and ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN105569881B CN105569881B CN201510932044.2A CN201510932044A CN105569881B CN 105569881 B CN105569881 B CN 105569881B CN 201510932044 A CN201510932044 A CN 201510932044A CN 105569881 B CN105569881 B CN 105569881B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/005—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for draining or otherwise eliminating condensates or moisture accumulating in the apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/085—Sulfur or sulfur oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0857—Carbon oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0027—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/04—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning exhaust conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/04—Gas-air mixing apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/06—Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
- F02D2200/0814—Oxygen storage amount
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for realizing the efficient no pollution operation of liquefied natural gas power engine of boat and ship, comprise the following steps：Natural gas, oxygen by seawater preheating device and and argon gas enter combined voltage regulation air distributing device after be transported to the combustion chambers burn of engine, the exhaust combustion chamber of engine passes through waste-heat recovery device and seawater forecooler recovery waste heat；Part exhaust after waste heat is recovered enters main channel, and another part exhaust enters bypass passageways at the bypass passageways upstream fulcrum connected with main channel, then except denitrification sulphur；By the exhaust for denitrogenating sulphuring treatment main channel is returned to from the check valve at the fulcrum of bypass passageways downstream, together enter water cooling separator, carbon dioxide refrigerated separation device with the gas in main channel, remaining gas is the gas based on argon gas in exhaust, into combined voltage regulation air distributing device.This method had both maintained rational burning velocity, turn avoid the generation of nitrogen oxides in available engine combustion process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the burning of internal combustion engine high-efficiency cleaning and energy efficient to utilize field, more particularly to realizes liquefied natural gas
The method of the efficient no pollution operation of power engine of boat and ship.
Background technology
Two-stroke large low-speed diesel engine has the features such as oil consumption is low, output torque is steady, fuel qualities requirement is low, three
It is widely used on big main force's foreign-going ship (oil tanker, container ship, bulk freighter).Deteriorate however as earth environment,
International ocean tissue and many countries have formulated increasingly strict ocean disposal regulation, and the NOx and SOx of engine of boat and ship are arranged
Put formulation stringent legislation.Natural gas is compared to diesel oil or heavy oil, and sulfur content is low, and burning is more abundant, without granular material discharged；Meanwhile
Continued to develop with gas extraction and using technology, its application cost constantly declines.LNG is liquefied natural gas
Liquefied Natural Gas abbreviation, natural-gas accumulated heat value will be remarkably improved after natural gas liquefaction, solves compression day
The problem of right gas (CNG) is not readily portable in mobile power set, as liquefaction Technology of Natural Gas, LNG are stored and are transported
Etc. the maturation of technology, the LNG powered ships using LNG as engine of boat and ship fuel are quickly grown.
Substitute gas diesel oil or heavy oil can reduce SOx and granular material discharged as engine of boat and ship fuel, but NOx subtracts
Unobvious are arranged, it is necessary to meet the needs of Abgasgesetz using correlation technique.LNG condensing temperature is -162 DEG C, has 231kW
H/t cold energy, and existing LNG powered ships freeze just with its low temperature, do not make full use of its cold energy.Now
During ocean vessel sailing, fuel cost expenditure accounts for 50%-70%, 50000 tons of LNG power in the transport of whole foreign-going ship
Bulk freighter, 50-80 ton LNG are consumed about within one day, if improving the thermal efficiency of engine of boat and ship, it is possible to save substantial amounts of combustion
Material, carbon emission is reduced, reduce cost of transportation.
Entitled " a kind of LNG cold energy reclaims the method and apparatus for automobile zero-emission and air-conditioning ", Publication No.
CN103832244A Chinese patent, the problem of this method is present are when cooling down engine exhaust using LNG cold energy, to lack to combustion
The processing method of each pollutant caused by burning, fail to accomplish engine no pollution, also fail to improve engine thermal efficiency.
Entitled " Working gas circulation engine ", Publication No. CN101512125 Chinese patent disclose
Herein below：Engine supplies the gas being made up of oxygen, the hydrogen as fuel and the argon gas as working gas to combustion
Burn room.Upstream condensation part carries out heat exchange by the discharge gas of spontaneous combustion in future room with air, makes what is contained in discharge gas
Water vapour is condensed into first time condensed water, and will separate the gas of first time condensed water as first time condensed moisture from rear gas
Body and discharge.First time condensed water is stored in water storage box.Condensed downstream portion is by using the condensation being stored in water storage box
The gasification latent heat of water, first time condensed moisture is further condensed into second of condensed water from the water vapour contained in rear gas,
And will be discharged from first time condensed moisture from the gas after second of condensed water has been separated in rear gas, so as to avoid work gas
The heat capacity ratio of body significantly reduces.The problem of engine is present is relative as engine fuel, hydrogen price using hydrogen
Natural gas is more expensive, cost of transportation is very high, can not accomplish in large-scale use at this stage, meanwhile, this method fails to improve engine
The thermal efficiency.
Entitled " hydrogen engine for using circulation work gas ", Publication No. CN101389840 Chinese patent
Disclose herein below：Hydrogen engine using hydrogen, oxygen and as the argon gas feed of working gas to combustion chamber so that hydrogen fire
Burn.By condenser, the H from the recyclegas of combustion chamber discharge2O is separated and removed from gas.When in recyclegas
The concentration of carbon dioxide when being higher than predetermined concentration so that recyclegas flows through product removing unit (carbon dioxide scrubber unit)
Mode crossover tee valve, so as to separate and remove carbon dioxide from recyclegas.Although the engine and upper patent phase
Than with the addition of circulation argon gas and improve engine thermal efficiency, add removing carbon dioxide device, but do not overcome hydrogen existing
The problem of stage can not be as a kind of fuel of large-scale low-cost.
Entitled " method for producing liquid oxygen liquid nitrogen using LNG cold energy space divisions ", in Publication No. 104807289A
State's patent discloses herein below：By the thick nitrogen from air separation column ice chest, after main heat exchanger ice chest re-heat, converge gas-liquid separation
The middle pressure low temperature nitrogen of tank separation is through circulation heat exchanger ice chest re-heat, the low-pressure low-temperature nitrogen after re-heat, then through circulation heat exchanger
After ice chest re-heat, pass through N2The middle normal pressure and temperature nitrogen of supercharger supercharging enters circulation N2Supercharger is pressurized to high pressure nitrogen；Elevated pressure nitrogen
Gas is through circulation heat exchanger ice chest precooling；It is sent into low-temperature receiver of the air separation column ice chest as space division, and the tower on LNG cold energy recovery tower ice chests
Bottom obtains high-purity high-pressure liquid nitrogen, and high-pressure liquid nitrogen throttles through choke valve, obtains middle hydraulic fluid nitrogen and medium pressure nitrogen gas via choke valve section
Stream, obtains low pressure liquid nitrogen product and low-pressure nitrogen.The problem of this method is present is the cold energy for not pointing out caused liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen
How effectively to utilize, how effectively to be utilized as natural gas after being also utilized without explanation LNG cold energy.
Entitled " a kind of power fishing boat LNG cold energy release and air supply system ", Publication No. CN104712905A's
Chinese patent discloses herein below：Including at least LNG storage tank, cold energy absorption heat-exchange device, put heat exchanger, refrigerating medium storage tank, low
Warm pump, fuel trim heat exchanger, engine cool tank, water pump and fuel machine, automatic pressure intensifier are arranged on the side of LNG storage tank,
Air temperature vaporizer be arranged between LNG storage tank and cold energy absorption heat-exchange device, LNG cold energy absorption heat-exchanges device, cold energy release heat exchanger,
Refrigerating medium storage tank, cryogenic pump are sequentially connected and form closed-loop path；LNG cold energy absorption heat-exchange devices are also connected with fuel temperature adjustment heat exchange
Device, fuel trim heat exchanger, engine cool tank, water pump are sequentially connected and form closed-loop path；Fuel trim heat exchanger is also
Fuel machine is connected by fuel channel, fuel channel is provided with flowmeter.This method utilizes the dioxy in the cooling exhaust of LNG cold energy
Change carbon, recycle liquid carbon dioxide to fishing boat cooling, but the utilization ratio of LNG cold energy is not high, also without reduction fishing boat hair
The discharge of motivation pollutant.
Entitled " method and device that liquid CO 2 and dry ice are prepared using LNG cold energy ", Publication No.
CN104236252A Chinese patent discloses herein below：LNG pump enters the tube side of shell-and-tube heat exchanger, in shell-and-tube heat exchanger
Tube side in LNG gasification release latent heat, by cryogenic gas CO2Cooling liquid, then LNG gasification product is as low-temperature receiver entrance
Multi-stream plate-fin heat exchanger, CO2Enter CO after raw material air cooling2Compressor, while by the high pressure-temperature CO of output2Cooling,
The normal-temperature natural-gas that LNG heating gasifications are 10~25 DEG C；CO after cooling2Into the shell of shell-and-tube heat exchanger, from shell-and-tube
The liquid CO of heat exchanger shell outlet outflow2It is divided into two, one enters liquid CO2Storage tank, another enters dry-ice machine preparation and does
Ice.The problem of this method is present is that LNG temperature is more much lower than liquid carbon dioxide, directly utilizes LNG cooled carbon dioxide gas
The method that body produces liquid carbon dioxide efficiently low can not utilize LNG cold energy, while the patent illustrate only liquid titanium dioxide
Carbon preparation process, does not illustrate how LNG cold energy effectively utilizes after being utilized as natural gas.
《Natural gas and oil》Magazine 2013 year volume 31 3 is interim to disclose paper《Stream is separated using the air of LNG cold energy
Journey》Described in relevant apparatus.Content is：Regular air separation method cools down swell refrigeration to provide by using pressure-air
Cold needed for space division system, gas compression needs to consume a large amount of electricity and water, after LNG cryogenic cold energy is used for into space division system,
The energy consumption of unit product can be greatly reduced, from thermodynamics, it is indicated that the reasonability of the LNG cold energy recycle modes,
The cryogenic cold energy of LNG high-quality is improved for the technique of air separation, space division is reduced while LNG cold energy to reclaim
The power power consumption of system.The problem of existing is how the cold energy for not pointing out caused liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen effectively utilizes, and does not also say
How bright LNG cold energy effectively utilizes after being utilized as natural gas.
《China's ship repairing》Magazine 2003 3 is interim to disclose paper《Before Ship Waste Heat reclaims present situation and absorption refrigeration application
Scape》Described in waste heat boiler or other functionally similar devices.Content is waste heat recovery boiler using heat pipe and water heater in ship
Successful application on oceangoing ship, article highlight heat pipe steam boiler system, the sky of absorption type refrigerating of recovery ship tail gas waste heat
Adjusting system, chilled water system, ice-making system.The problem of existing is the waste heat recovery for the engine exhaust that the paper is only considered, and is not had
There is the treating method proposed to exhaust contaminant.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of prior art, there is provided a kind of efficiently using LNG cold energy, by engine
Exhaust carries out waste heat recovery, realizes that engine thermal efficiency raising, the liquefied natural gas power engine of boat and ship of zero release of pollutant are high
The method for imitating no pollution operation.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of method for realizing the efficient no pollution operation of liquefied natural gas power engine of boat and ship of the present invention, it includes following
Step：
(1) liquefied natural gas is flowed out from LNG tank, and natural gas is vaporizated into through heat exchange；
(2) natural gas, oxygen reach 5-10 DEG C by seawater preheating device heat-exchange temperature；Natural gas after heat exchange is by installation
There is the natural gas line of natural gas flow quantity sensor and natural gas flow control valve to enter combined voltage regulation air distributing device, after heat exchange
Oxygen process is provided with oxygen flow sensor and the oxygen channel of oxygen flux control valve enters combined voltage regulation air distributing device, argon
Gas and oxygen by volume 3.7:1~3.8:Turn into combustion-supporting gas, natural gas and combustion-supporting gas in 1 entrance combined voltage regulation air distributing device
Body is with 1:9.45~1:9.65 volume ratio is transported to the combustion chambers burn of engine after being mixed in combined voltage regulation air distributing device,
The exhaust combustion chamber of engine passes through the exhaust main equipped with oxygen concentration sensor and gas flow meter and sequentially enters waste heat recovery
Exhaust is simultaneously cooled to 5-10 DEG C by device and seawater forecooler recovery waste heat；
(3) part exhaust after waste heat is recovered enters main channel, and another part is vented on the side connected with main channel
Enter bypass passageways at the fulcrum of circulation passage upstream, denitrification sulphur is then removed in nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide removal device, into master
The flow control methods of the exhaust of passage and bypass passageways are：Engine electronic control unit reads the gas stream in exhaust main
Gas flow signals of gauge output and compared with setting value, then output control signal is to being arranged on bypass passageways upstream fulcrum
The magnetic valve at place, when extraction flow is more than setting value, then increase electromagnetism valve opening to increase bypass passageways gas flow；Work as exhaust
Flow is less than setting value, then reduces electromagnetism valve opening to reduce bypass passageways gas flow；
(4) exhaust by denitrogenating sulphuring treatment returns to main channel from the check valve at the fulcrum of bypass passageways downstream, leads to main
Gas in road together enters water cooling separator, vapor liquefaction is separated from gas, then cooled down by carbon dioxide
Separator, carbon dioxide is set to be separated in liquid form from gas, remaining gas is joining based on argon gas in exhaust
With the gas of recycling, into combined voltage regulation air distributing device, mixed with fresh oxygen and natural gas, be again introduced into engine
Combustion chamber participate in burning.
Compared with existing invention, the present invention has following two aspects advantage：
First, using the gaseous mixture of argon gas and pure oxygen as combustion-supporting gas, rational burning velocity was both maintained, had been avoided again
The generation of nitrogen oxides in available engine combustion process.Engine exhaust is passed through again after the processing of gradient refrigerated separation
Admission line is circulated, and realizes engine of boat and ship pernicious gas zero-emission.
Second, the isentropic index of argon gas is higher than nitrogen, and according to the mode that oxygen purity is constant, nitrogen is substituted using argon gas
Gas participates in engine cylinder combustion process, and engine theory isovolumetric heating cycle efficieny can be made to improve more than 10%.It is simultaneously whole
Individual scheme provides the thermal source of enough, each temperature grade for ship so that ship is in air-conditioning, freezer, water heater, steam hair
Power consumption on the basic devices such as raw device greatly reduces, comprehensive although pure oxygen preparation process needs to consume a certain amount of electric energy
The dynamical system and therrmodynamic system for considering ship are closed, is computed, can make engine is used for beyond propeller output work from existing
12% had is reduced to 4%, realizes the energy-conservation during vessel motion.
3rd, LNG temperature is -162 DEG C in ship LNG storage tank, before combustion firstly the need of heating vaporization to normal temperature, vaporization
During LNG cold energy can be used for separate air pure oxygen.Existing industrial Deep Cooling Method air-separating plant utilizes vapour pressure
The cold mode of contraction realizes cooling, and separates simultaneously and produce liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen；Partial vapor pressure can be replaced using LNG cold energy
Contracting process of refrigerastion, the electric energy consumed during vapour compression refrigeration is reduced, furthermore, it is possible to omit the device of production liquid nitrogen, only protected
The device of production liquid oxygen is stayed, device is simplified on the basis of original industrial Deep Cooling Method air separation principle, reduces energy consumption.
Need 4kg oxygen to react after per 1kg LNG vaporizations, be using LNG cold energy oxygen, power consumption according to such proportionate relationship
0.43kW·h/kgO2, with existing industrial oxygenerating energy consumption 0.49kWh/kgO2Compare, energy-conservation 12%.Meanwhile liquid oxygen is entering hair
Motivation needs heating to vaporize before participating in combustion reaction, and this part cold energy is by the vapor in being vented in refrigerated separation and carbon dioxide
During be utilized.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow of method for realizing the efficient no pollution operation of liquefied natural gas power engine of boat and ship of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the process chart being vented in the engine exhaust cyclic process of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is electronic engine management system logic chart.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
A kind of side for realizing the efficient no pollution operation of liquefied natural gas power engine of boat and ship of the present invention as shown in drawings
Method, it comprises the following steps：
(1) liquefied natural gas is flowed out from LNG tank 12, and natural gas is vaporizated into through heat exchange；
(2) natural gas, oxygen reach 5-10 DEG C by the heat-exchange temperature of seawater preheating device 13；Natural gas after heat exchange is by peace
Natural gas line equipped with natural gas flow quantity sensor and natural gas flow control valve 14 enters combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15, changes
Oxygen process after heat is provided with oxygen flow sensor and the oxygen channel of oxygen flux control valve 16 is matched somebody with somebody into combined voltage regulation
Device of air 15, argon gas and oxygen by volume 3.7:1~3.8:Turn into combustion-supporting gas in 1 entrance combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15,
Natural gas and combustion-supporting gas (argon gas forms with oxygen) are with 1:9.45~1:9.65 volume ratio is in combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15
The combustion chambers burn of engine is transported to after middle mixing, the exhaust combustion chamber of engine is by being equipped with oxygen concentration sensor and gas
The exhaust main of flowmeter sequentially enters waste-heat recovery device 11 and the recovery waste heat of seawater forecooler 9 and exhaust is cooled into 5-10
℃；
The preferably control of the volume ratio of combustion-supporting gas and natural gas in combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15 in this step
Method is：Engine electronic control unit receives the oxygen concentration signal in the engine exhaust of oxygen concentration sensor output and with setting
Fixed density of oxygen contained in discharged gas maximum permissible value compares, when oxygen concentration is less than setting value (it is recommended that body of the oxygen in exhaust in exhaust
When product percentage is less than 1%), engine electronic control unit ECU output control signal oxygen supply flow control valves 16 and natural
Flow control valves 14, the air inflow of natural gas and oxygen is controlled, it is 1 to make natural gas and Combustion gas volume ratio:9.45~1:
9.65；When oxygen concentration is higher than setting value in exhaust, engine electronic control unit ECU output control signals are to oxygen flow
Control valve 16 and natural gas flow control valve 14, to control the air inflow of natural gas and oxygen, oxygen was reduced in ensuing 1 second
Gas quantity delivered, it is 1 to make natural gas and Combustion gas volume ratio:9.35~1:9.55, engine electronic control unit ECU is defeated afterwards
Go out control signal oxygen supply flow control valves 16 and natural gas flow control valve 14, it is 1 to make natural gas and Combustion gas volume ratio:
9.45~1:9.65；So the advantages of is:1. the oxygen content in combustion-supporting gas is substantially consistent with content of oxygen in air, with day
After right gas is according to given ratio mixing, the isentropic index of gaseous mixture is about 1.53, higher than air with natural gas according to mutually year-on-year
The mixed isentropic index 1.40 of example, can lift engine thermal efficiency；2. under given gas ratio relation, engine cylinder
Interior carry out fuel-lean combustion, can make combustion of natural gas rapid and abundant；3. detected according to oxygen concentration sensor in exhaust main
Oxygen concentration value, when the oxygen concentration value in exhaust is higher than normal value (suggest percent by volume of the oxygen in exhaust less than 1%)
When, ECU sends signal, regulation natural gas flow control valve 14, (only needs persistently several start in theory within the of short duration time
Machine working cycles, about a few tens of milliseconds, it is contemplated that the hysteresis and inertia of valve switch, will be set within 1s the time) increase
Big natural gas quantity delivered, afterwards the valve of adjustment control gas discharge recover original gas supply flow rate, it is of short duration at this section
In time, engine carries out fuel-rich combustion, consumes unnecessary oxygen, the oxygen concentration in exhaust is recovered reduced levels.
(3) part exhaust after waste heat is recovered enters main channel, and another part is vented on the side connected with main channel
Enter bypass passageways at circulation passage upstream fulcrum 7, denitrification sulphur is then removed in nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide removal device 10, is entered
The flow control methods for entering the exhaust of main channel and bypass passageways are：Engine electronic control unit ECU is read in exhaust main
Gas flowmeter output gas flow signals and compared with setting value, then output control signal is to being arranged on bypass passageways
Magnetic valve at upstream fulcrum 7, when extraction flow is more than setting value (such as:Engine output accounts for engine power rating
Exhaust flow rate value when 75%), then increase electromagnetism valve opening to increase bypass passageways gas flow；When extraction flow is less than setting
Value, then reduce electromagnetism valve opening to reduce bypass passageways gas flow；It is to not increase exhaust resistance to increase bypass passageways
On the premise of remove nitrogen oxides and oxysulfide in tail gas.
(4) exhaust by denitrogenating sulphuring treatment returns to main channel from the check valve at bypass passageways downstream fulcrum 8, leads to main
Gas in road together enters water cooling separator 4, vapor liquefaction is separated from gas, then cooled down by carbon dioxide
Separator 5, carbon dioxide is set to be separated in liquid form from gas, remaining gas is joining based on argon gas in exhaust
With the gas of recycling, into combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15, mixed with fresh oxygen and natural gas, be again introduced into and start
The combustion chamber of machine 19 participates in burning.
Liquefied natural gas heats up with the heat exchange of main heat exchanger 2 in air separation unit in described step (1), in liquefied natural gas
Cold energy be used to cool down the air of air inlet separator, to isolate oxygen, liquid oxygen storage tank 3 is stored in the form of liquid oxygen.
Described air separation unit is existing equipment, and the heat-exchange working medium of the main heat exchanger in air separation unit is only changed using this method,
Utilize the working medium in LNG cooling main heat exchangers.
The preparation process of oxygen is in described step (1)：Air isolates liquid oxygen, described liquid oxygen by air separation unit
Stored into liquid oxygen storage tank 3, liquid oxygen flows out from liquid oxygen storage tank 3, by water cooling separator 4 and carbon dioxide cooling point
Waste gas during from device 5 with engine discharge is exchanged heat, and the cold energy of liquid oxygen is utilized, and vaporization of liquid oxygen is that oxygen enters oxygen storage tank
17, oxygen is passed out to seawater preheating device 13 and exchanged heat.
Preferably, it is vented during gradient refrigerated separation, caused water is combustion product in water cooling separator 4,
Impurity is few, after the chemical treatment such as acid-base accommodation, as the domestic water on ship.In carbon dioxide refrigerated separation device
In caused liquid carbon dioxide, according to the needs of freezer refrigerating amount on ship, take part to continue to cool down compression dry ice use is made
In freezer refrigerating, remaining liquid carbon dioxide, which can be stored in storage tank, is used for ballasting or with turning into dioxy after seawater to make heat exchange
Change carbon gas and be discharged into air.
As shown in figure 1, air initially enters air-separating plant 1, liquid oxygen flows out from air-separating plant 1, into liquid oxygen
Stored in storage tank 3；LNG flows out from LNG storage tank 12, during by air separation unit main heat exchanger 2, with the LNG cooling requireds of low temperature
The air of separation, the power consumption in separation air oxygen preparation is saved, realizes nitrogen oxygen separating in air, and by caused liquid oxygen
Liquid oxygen storage tank is stored in, useless nitrogen is discharged into air.
LNG vaporization is that natural gas enters seawater preheating device 13；Liquid oxygen flows out from liquid oxygen storage tank 3, is separated by water cooling
Cold energy is utilized when device 4 and carbon dioxide refrigerated separation device 5, is vaporizated into oxygen and is entered oxygen storage tank 17, oxygen is therefrom
Flow out to seawater preheating device 13；After natural gas, oxygen heat in seawater preheating device 13, and engine exhaust is by exhaust gradient
The gaseous product of refrigerated separation --- argon gas enters combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15 jointly, forms a certain proportion of normal pressure mixing
Gas, the work by combustion into engine of boat and ship 19；Waste-heat recovery device 11 is passed through in the exhaust of engine, and heat energy therein obtains profit
With the temperature and pressure of exhaust reduces, afterwards into seawater forecooler 9；It is cooled to by seawater after normal temperature in bypass passageways
Swim at fulcrum 7, part exhaust enters bypass passageways, denitrification sulphur is removed in nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide removal device 10, afterwards
Main channel is returned to from bypass passageways downstream fulcrum 8, together enters water cooling separator 4 with the gas without bypass passageways,
Vapor liquefaction is separated from gas, then by carbon dioxide refrigerated separation device 5, make carbon dioxide in liquid form from gas
Separated in body.Separation product aqueous water enters water tank 6, and these water are engine combustion products, and impurity is few, by simpleization
The domestic water on ship can be done after processing；Separation product liquid carbon dioxide is stored in liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 18,
According to the needs of freezer refrigerating amount on ship, part is taken to continue to cool down compression and dry ice is made is used for freezer refrigerating, remaining liquid
Carbon dioxide can be stored in be used to replace the LNG ballastings consumed in storage tank, or with turning into carbon dioxide after seawater to make heat exchange
Gas is discharged into air.Remaining gas is the gas that may participate in recycling based on argon gas in exhaust, is matched somebody with somebody into combined voltage regulation
Device of air, mixed with fresh oxygen, natural gas, be again introduced into engine 19 and participate in burning.
Fig. 2 describes the handling process being vented in engine exhaust cyclic process.Contain micro nitrogen, sulphur in natural gas
Element, a small amount of machine oil is had in engine cylinder combustion process and participates in burning, may also contain nitrogen, element sulphur in machine oil, so
Nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide in the exhaust of engine be present.Consideration is possible to, the gas present in the exhaust of engine
Composition must be listed below it is several in gas：Argon gas, carbon dioxide, vapor, natural gas, oxygen, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxidation
Thing, oxysulfide.Engine of boat and ship is generally equipped with waste-heat recovery device, mostly waste heat boiler, and engine exhaust passes through waste heat
After retracting device, temperature and pressure can reduce.Afterwards, the gas in main channel is passed through in seawater forecooler and is cooled to normal temperature,
And it is two-way to be punished in bypass passageways upstream fulcrum, according to engine electronic control unit ECU control, a part of gas enters
Bypass passageways are denitrogenated, except sulphuring treatment, then return to main channel at the fulcrum of bypass passageways downstream.Denitrogenating in bypass passageways,
Sulphur device can be alkali lye adsorbent equipment or the device of other principles, but this device is removing oxysulfide and dioxy
When changing nitrogen, it is not possible to produce new gas.Then, all gas pass sequentially through water heat exchange separator and titanium dioxide in main channel
Carbon separator.In water cooling separator, the gas in main channel is cooled to 2-5 DEG C and (ensures gaseous mixture in main channel
In vapor be cooled to aqueous water substantially), vapor is separated in the form of aqueous water with other gases.Cooled down in carbon dioxide
In separator, the gas in main channel is cooled to -83 DEG C and (ensures the carbon dioxide in main channel in gaseous mixture all with liquid
State form separates), carbon dioxide separates from gas in liquid form.So, in exhaust remaining gas be only possible it is as follows
It is several in listed gas：Argon gas, natural gas, oxygen, carbon monoxide.These gases are all the gas that may participate in recycling, with
Fresh oxygen, natural gas mixing, are again introduced into engine and participate in burning.
Fig. 3 is illustrated to realize engine even running, and the control system that engine electronic control unit ECU is set up is patrolled
Collect figure.Because processing after exhaust all participate in circulation, disturb engine even running the reason for one of be exactly gas
Cycle cumulative effect.Such as institute, if exhaust-gas treatment system is not denitrogenated, sulphur device, a small amount of machine oil participates in nitrogen caused by burning
Oxide, oxysulfide can be accumulated gradually in lasting cyclic process, when nitrogen oxides in gaseous mixture and sulfoxide concentration
When sufficiently large, engine will be influenceed and normally run.Another gas circulation cumulative effect is likely to occur in natural gas and oxygen
, will be aerobic in exhaust if the amount in distribution process oxygen has exceeded natural gas all required amount of oxygen of burning on gas
Gas is present, if do not adjusted to the air inflow of two kinds of gas, the oxygen content in exhaust can be accumulated gradually, and it is normal to influence engine
Work.So engine electronic control unit ECU needs to increase control function.1. setting bypass passageways, set in bypass passageways
Put the device of denitrification, oxysulfide.This device can be alkali lye adsorbent equipment or the dress of other principles
Put, but this device is when removing oxysulfide and nitrogen dioxide, it is not possible to produce new gas.Carrying out denitrification, sulphur
During oxide, the resistance that gas is subject to is larger, and pressure is reduced substantially, so the process of denitrification, oxysulfide
Need to be arranged in bypass passageways, fulcrum control in bypass passageways upstream enters the gas flow of bypass passageways, bypass passageways downstream branch
Point sets check valve, and guarantee main channel gas does not occur phenomenon is flow backwards at the fulcrum of bypass passageways downstream.Into the gas of bypass passageways
The scale of construction has engine electronic control unit ECU to be determined according to the gas flow sensor signal in engine exhaust manifold, exhaust
Flow then increases greatly bypass passageways gas flow；It is vented the small then reduction bypass passageways gas flow of wandering.2. in engine exhaust
Installation oxygen concentration sensor device in house steward, oxygen concentration in detection exhaust, and setting exhaust oxygen is dense in electronic control unit ECU
Maximum permissible value is spent, when oxygen concentration be less than setting value in exhaust, electronic control unit ECU controls entering for natural gas and oxygen
Tolerance, oxygen supply amount is set to be slightly larger than the amount of oxygen that natural gas completely burned is consumed, oxygen is dense in final vacuum of so burning
Degree can increase；When oxygen concentration is higher than setting value in exhaust, the air inlet of electronic control unit ECU control natural gases and oxygen
Amount, oxygen quantity delivered is reduced within the ensuing of short duration time, oxygen supply amount is slightly lower than natural gas completely burned and is disappeared
The amount of oxygen of consumption, the oxygen concentration in engine exhaust reduce rapidly, maintain engine to put down in such Dynamic Regulating Process
Steady operation.
Embodiment 1
(1) liquefied natural gas flows out from LNG tank 12, liquefied natural gas and the main heat exchange in air separation unit
Device heat exchange heats up, and the cold energy in liquefied natural gas is used for the air for cooling down air inlet separator, to isolate oxygen, with liquid
Oxygen form is stored in liquid oxygen storage tank.Liquid oxygen flows out from liquid oxygen storage tank, by water cooling separator and carbon dioxide cooling point
Waste gas during from device with engine discharge is exchanged heat, and the cold energy of liquid oxygen is utilized, and vaporization of liquid oxygen is that oxygen enters oxygen storage tank；
(2) natural gas, oxygen reach 5-8 DEG C by the heat-exchange temperature of seawater preheating device 13；Natural gas after heat exchange is by peace
Natural gas line equipped with natural gas flow quantity sensor and natural gas flow control valve 14 enters combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15, changes
Oxygen process after heat is provided with oxygen flow sensor and the oxygen channel of oxygen flux control valve 16 is matched somebody with somebody into combined voltage regulation
Device of air 15, argon gas and oxygen by volume 3.8：1 (now the oxygen content in combustion-supporting gas is 20.83%) enters mixing and adjusted
Turn into combustion-supporting gas in press-fitting device of air 15, natural gas and combustion-supporting gas (argon gas forms with oxygen) are with 1：9.65 is (now flammable
The volume fraction of unnecessary oxygen in gaseous mixture conveys after being mixed for volume ratio 0.47%) in combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15
To the combustion chambers burn of engine, the exhaust combustion chamber of engine passes through the exhaust equipped with oxygen concentration sensor and gas flow meter
House steward sequentially enters waste-heat recovery device 11 and the recovery waste heat of seawater forecooler 9 and exhaust is cooled into 5-8 DEG C；
The control method of the volume ratio of combustion-supporting gas and natural gas in combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15 is in this step：
Engine electronic control unit receive oxygen concentration sensor output engine exhaust in oxygen concentration signal and with the row of setting
Gas oxygen concentration maximum permissible value compares, when percent by volume of the oxygen in exhaust is less than 1%, engine electronic control unit
ECU output control signal oxygen supply flow control valves 16 and natural gas flow control valve 14, control the air inlet of natural gas and oxygen
Amount, it is 1 to make natural gas and Combustion gas volume ratio：9.65；When oxygen concentration is higher than setting value in exhaust, Motronic control maps control
Unit ECU output control signal oxygen supply flow control valves 16 and natural gas flow control valve 14 processed, to control natural gas and oxygen
The air inflow of gas, oxygen quantity delivered was reduced in ensuing 1 second, it is 1 to make natural gas and Combustion gas volume ratio：9.55 it
Rear engine electronic control unit ECU output control signal oxygen supply flow control valves 16 and natural gas flow control valve 14, make
Natural gas is 1 with Combustion gas volume ratio：9.65；
(3) part exhaust after waste heat is recovered enters main channel, and another part is vented on the side connected with main channel
Enter bypass passageways at circulation passage upstream fulcrum 7, denitrification sulphur is then removed in nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide removal device 10, is entered
The flow control methods for entering the exhaust of main channel and bypass passageways are：Engine electronic control unit ECU is read in exhaust main
Gas flowmeter output gas flow signals and compared with setting value, then output control signal is to being arranged on bypass passageways
Magnetic valve at upstream fulcrum 7, when extraction flow is more than setting value (such as:Engine output accounts for engine power rating
Exhaust flow rate value when 75%), then increase electromagnetism valve opening to increase bypass passageways gas flow；When extraction flow is less than setting
Value, then reduce electromagnetism valve opening to reduce bypass passageways gas flow；It is to not increase exhaust resistance to increase bypass passageways
On the premise of remove nitrogen oxides and oxysulfide in tail gas.
(4) exhaust by denitrogenating sulphuring treatment returns to main channel from the check valve at bypass passageways downstream fulcrum 8, leads to main
Gas in road together enters water cooling separator 4, vapor liquefaction is separated from gas, then cooled down by carbon dioxide
Separator 5, carbon dioxide is set to be separated in liquid form from gas, remaining gas is joining based on argon gas in exhaust
With the gas of recycling, into combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15, mixed with fresh oxygen and natural gas, be again introduced into and start
The combustion chamber of machine 19 participates in burning.
After tested, engine can keep stable operation in the process of running.Oxygen content in engine charge is slightly below
Air, but unobvious are influenceed on the maximum temperature in engine cylinder.Oxygen content dynamic change but holding in engine exhaust
Below 1%, due to substituting nitrogen using argon gas, the isentropic index of engine charge increases to 1.53 from 1.40, engine
Power output increase by 14.8%, air separation unit power consumption accounts for the 20.4% of engine gross output, and whole scheme is ship
Provide the thermal source of enough, each temperature grade so that ship fills substantially in air-conditioning, freezer, water heater, steam generator etc.
The power consumption put greatly reduces, and considers the dynamical system and therrmodynamic system of ship, engine be used for propeller with
Outer output work can be reduced to 5% or so from existing 12%.
Embodiment 2
(1) liquefied natural gas flows out from LNG tank 12, liquefied natural gas and the main heat exchange in air separation unit
Device heat exchange heats up, and the cold energy in liquefied natural gas is used for the air for cooling down air inlet separator, to isolate oxygen, with liquid
Oxygen form is stored in liquid oxygen storage tank.Liquid oxygen flows out from liquid oxygen storage tank, by water cooling separator and carbon dioxide cooling point
Waste gas during from device with engine discharge is exchanged heat, and the cold energy of liquid oxygen is utilized, and vaporization of liquid oxygen is that oxygen enters oxygen storage tank；
(2) natural gas, oxygen reach 7-10 DEG C by the heat-exchange temperature of seawater preheating device 13；Natural gas after heat exchange is by peace
Natural gas line equipped with natural gas flow quantity sensor and natural gas flow control valve 14 enters combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15, changes
Oxygen process after heat is provided with oxygen flow sensor and the oxygen channel of oxygen flux control valve 16 is matched somebody with somebody into combined voltage regulation
Device of air 15, argon gas and oxygen by volume 3.7:1 (now oxygen content is 21.28%) enters combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15
In turn into combustion-supporting gas, natural gas and combustion-supporting gas (argon gas forms with oxygen) are with 1:9.45 volume ratio is in combined voltage regulation distribution
The combustion chambers burn of engine is transported to after being mixed in device 15, the exhaust combustion chamber of engine is by being equipped with oxygen concentration sensor
The exhaust main of and gas flow meter sequentially enters waste-heat recovery device 11 and the recovery waste heat of seawater forecooler 9 and cools down exhaust
To 7-10 DEG C；
The control method of the volume ratio of combustion-supporting gas and natural gas in combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15 is in this step：
Engine electronic control unit receive oxygen concentration sensor output engine exhaust in oxygen concentration signal and with the row of setting
Gas oxygen concentration maximum permissible value compares, when percent by volume of the oxygen in exhaust is less than 1%, engine electronic control unit
ECU output control signal oxygen supply flow control valves 16 and natural gas flow control valve 14, control the air inlet of natural gas and oxygen
Amount, it is 1 to make natural gas and Combustion gas volume ratio:9.45；When oxygen concentration is higher than setting value in exhaust, Motronic control maps control
Unit ECU output control signal oxygen supply flow control valves 16 and natural gas flow control valve 14 processed, to control natural gas and oxygen
The air inflow of gas, oxygen quantity delivered was reduced in ensuing 1 second, it is 1 to make natural gas and Combustion gas volume ratio:9.35 it
Rear engine electronic control unit ECU output control signal oxygen supply flow control valves 16 and natural gas flow control valve 14, make
Natural gas is 1 with Combustion gas volume ratio:9.45；
(3) part exhaust after waste heat is recovered enters main channel, and another part is vented on the side connected with main channel
Enter bypass passageways at circulation passage upstream fulcrum 7, denitrification sulphur is then removed in nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide removal device 10, is entered
The flow control methods for entering the exhaust of main channel and bypass passageways are：Engine electronic control unit ECU is read in exhaust main
Gas flowmeter output gas flow signals and compared with setting value, then output control signal is to being arranged on bypass passageways
Magnetic valve at upstream fulcrum 7, when extraction flow is more than setting value (such as:Engine output accounts for engine power rating
Exhaust flow rate value when 75%), then increase electromagnetism valve opening to increase bypass passageways gas flow；When extraction flow is less than setting
Value, then reduce electromagnetism valve opening to reduce bypass passageways gas flow；It is to not increase exhaust resistance to increase bypass passageways
On the premise of remove nitrogen oxides and oxysulfide in tail gas.
(4) exhaust by denitrogenating sulphuring treatment returns to main channel from the check valve at bypass passageways downstream fulcrum 8, leads to main
Gas in road together enters water cooling separator 4, vapor liquefaction is separated from gas, then cooled down by carbon dioxide
Separator 5, carbon dioxide is set to be separated in liquid form from gas, remaining gas is joining based on argon gas in exhaust
With the gas of recycling, into combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15, mixed with fresh oxygen and natural gas, be again introduced into and start
The combustion chamber of machine 19 participates in burning.
After tested, engine can keep stable operation in the process of running.Oxygen content in engine charge is slightly above
Air, the maximum temperature in engine cylinder can rise, and ascensional range is less than 50 DEG C.Oxygen content dynamic in engine exhaust becomes
Change but be maintained at less than 1%, because the isentropic index of argon gas replacement nitrogen engine charge increases to 1.53 from 1.40, engine
Power output increase by 15.2%, air separation unit power consumption accounts for the 20.0% of engine gross output, and whole scheme is ship
Oceangoing ship provides the thermal source of enough, each temperature grade so that ship is basic in air-conditioning, freezer, water heater, steam generator etc.
Power consumption on device greatly reduces, and considers the dynamical system and therrmodynamic system of ship, and engine is used for propeller
Output work in addition can be reduced to 4% from existing 12%.
Embodiment 3
(1) liquefied natural gas flows out from LNG tank 12, liquefied natural gas and the main heat exchange in air separation unit
Device heat exchange heats up, and the cold energy in liquefied natural gas is used for the air for cooling down air inlet separator, to isolate oxygen, with liquid
Oxygen form is stored in liquid oxygen storage tank.Liquid oxygen flows out from liquid oxygen storage tank, by water cooling separator and carbon dioxide cooling point
Waste gas during from device with engine discharge is exchanged heat, and the cold energy of liquid oxygen is utilized, and vaporization of liquid oxygen is that oxygen enters oxygen storage tank；
(2) natural gas, oxygen reach 6-9 DEG C by the heat-exchange temperature of seawater preheating device 13；Natural gas after heat exchange is by peace
Natural gas line equipped with natural gas flow quantity sensor and natural gas flow control valve 14 enters combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15, changes
Oxygen process after heat is provided with oxygen flow sensor and the oxygen channel of oxygen flux control valve 16 is matched somebody with somebody into combined voltage regulation
Device of air 15, argon gas and oxygen by volume 3.76:Turn into combustion-supporting gas, natural gas in 1 entrance combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15
With combustion-supporting gas (argon gas forms with oxygen) with 1:9.55 volume ratio is transported to after being mixed in combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15
The combustion chambers burn of engine, the exhaust combustion chamber of engine are total by the exhaust equipped with oxygen concentration sensor and gas flow meter
Pipe sequentially enters waste-heat recovery device 11 and the recovery waste heat of seawater forecooler 9 and exhaust is cooled into 6-9 DEG C；
The control method of the volume ratio of combustion-supporting gas and natural gas in combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15 is in this step：
Engine electronic control unit receive oxygen concentration sensor output engine exhaust in oxygen concentration signal and with the row of setting
Gas oxygen concentration maximum permissible value compares, when percent by volume of the oxygen in exhaust is less than 1%, engine electronic control unit
ECU output control signal oxygen supply flow control valves 16 and natural gas flow control valve 14, control the air inlet of natural gas and oxygen
Amount, it is 1 to make natural gas and Combustion gas volume ratio:9.55；When oxygen concentration is higher than setting value in exhaust, Motronic control maps control
Unit ECU output control signal oxygen supply flow control valves 16 and natural gas flow control valve 14 processed, to control natural gas and oxygen
The air inflow of gas, oxygen quantity delivered was reduced in ensuing 1 second, it is 1 to make natural gas and Combustion gas volume ratio:9.50 it
Rear engine electronic control unit ECU output control signal oxygen supply flow control valves 16 and natural gas flow control valve 14, make
Natural gas is 1 with Combustion gas volume ratio:9.55；
(3) part exhaust after waste heat is recovered enters main channel, and another part is vented on the side connected with main channel
Enter bypass passageways at circulation passage upstream fulcrum 7, denitrification sulphur is then removed in nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide removal device 10, is entered
The flow control methods for entering the exhaust of main channel and bypass passageways are：Engine electronic control unit ECU is read in exhaust main
Gas flowmeter output gas flow signals and compared with setting value, then output control signal is to being arranged on bypass passageways
Magnetic valve at upstream fulcrum 7, when extraction flow is more than setting value (such as:Engine output accounts for engine power rating
Exhaust flow rate value when 75%), then increase electromagnetism valve opening to increase bypass passageways gas flow；When extraction flow is less than setting
Value, then reduce electromagnetism valve opening to reduce bypass passageways gas flow；It is to not increase exhaust resistance to increase bypass passageways
On the premise of remove nitrogen oxides and oxysulfide in tail gas.
(4) exhaust by denitrogenating sulphuring treatment returns to main channel from the check valve at bypass passageways downstream fulcrum 8, leads to main
Gas in road together enters water cooling separator 4, vapor liquefaction is separated from gas, then cooled down by carbon dioxide
Separator 5, carbon dioxide is set to be separated in liquid form from gas, remaining gas is joining based on argon gas in exhaust
With the gas of recycling, into combined voltage regulation air distributing device 15, mixed with fresh oxygen and natural gas, be again introduced into and start
The combustion chamber of machine 19 participates in burning.
After tested, engine can keep stable operation in the process of running, and compared to Examples 1 and 2, engine fortune
The amplitude of variation of power output is smaller during row, within 2%.Oxygen content dynamic change but holding in engine exhaust
Below 1%, the isentropic index that nitrogen engine charge is substituted due to argon gas increases to 1.53 from 1.40, the output work of engine
Rate increase by 15.0%, air separation unit power consumption accounts for the 20.1% of engine gross output, and whole scheme provides for ship
The thermal source of enough, each temperature grade so that ship is on the basic devices such as air-conditioning, freezer, water heater, steam generator
Power consumption greatly reduces, and considers the dynamical system and therrmodynamic system of ship, and being used for for engine is defeated beyond propeller
4% can be reduced to from existing 12% by going out work(.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. method for realizing the efficient no pollution operation of liquefied natural gas power engine of boat and ship, it is characterised in that:It include with Lower step：(1) liquefied natural gas is flowed out from LNG tank, and natural gas is vaporizated into through heat exchange；(2) natural gas, oxygen reach 5-10 DEG C by seawater preheating device heat-exchange temperature；Natural gas after heat exchange is by being provided with day The natural gas line of right mass-air-flow sensor and natural gas flow control valve enters combined voltage regulation air distributing device, the oxygen after heat exchange Oxygen channel by being provided with oxygen flow sensor and oxygen flux control valve enters combined voltage regulation air distributing device, argon gas with Oxygen by volume 3.7:1~3.8:1 enter combined voltage regulation air distributing device in turn into combustion-supporting gas, natural gas and combustion-supporting gas with 1:9.45~1:9.65 volume ratio is transported to the combustion chambers burn of engine after being mixed in combined voltage regulation air distributing device, start The exhaust combustion chamber of machine passes through the exhaust main equipped with oxygen concentration sensor and gas flow meter and sequentially enters waste-heat recovery device With seawater forecooler recovery waste heat and exhaust is cooled to 5-10 DEG C；(3) part exhaust after waste heat is recovered enters main channel, and another part exhaust is led in the bypass connected with main channel Enter bypass passageways at the fulcrum of road upstream, denitrification sulphur is then removed in nitrogen oxides, oxysulfide removal device, into main channel Flow control methods with the exhaust of bypass passageways are：Engine electronic control unit reads the gas flowmeter in exhaust main Gas flow signals of output and compared with setting value, then output control signal, which is given, is arranged at the fulcrum of bypass passageways upstream Magnetic valve, when extraction flow is more than setting value, then increase electromagnetism valve opening to increase bypass passageways gas flow；Work as extraction flow Less than setting value, then reduce electromagnetism valve opening to reduce bypass passageways gas flow；(4) exhaust by denitrogenating sulphuring treatment returns to main channel from the check valve at the fulcrum of bypass passageways downstream, in main channel Gas together enter water cooling separator, vapor liquefaction is separated from gas, then by carbon dioxide refrigerated separation Device, carbon dioxide is set to be separated in liquid form from gas, remaining gas is may participate in again based on argon gas in exhaust The gas of circulation, into combined voltage regulation air distributing device, mixed with fresh oxygen and natural gas, be again introduced into the combustion of engine Burn room and participate in burning.
- 2. the method according to claim 1 for realizing the efficient no pollution operation of liquefied natural gas power engine of boat and ship, it is special Sign is:The control method of the volume ratio of combustion-supporting gas and natural gas in combined voltage regulation air distributing device in described step (2) For：Engine electronic control unit receive oxygen concentration sensor output engine exhaust in oxygen concentration signal and with setting Density of oxygen contained in discharged gas maximum permissible value compares, when oxygen concentration is less than setting value in exhaust, engine electronic control unit output Control signal oxygen supply flow control valves and natural gas flow control valve, the air inflow of natural gas and oxygen is controlled, makes natural gas It is 1 with Combustion gas volume ratio:9.45~1:9.65；When oxygen concentration is higher than setting value in exhaust, engine electronic control system Unit output control signal oxygen supply flow control valves and natural gas flow control valve, to control the air inlet of natural gas and oxygen Amount, oxygen quantity delivered was reduced in ensuing 1 second, it is 1 to make natural gas and Combustion gas volume ratio:9.35~1:9.55 it Rear engine electronic control unit output control signal oxygen supply flow control valves and natural gas flow control valve, make natural gas with Combustion gas volume ratio is 1:9.45~1:9.65.
- 3. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for realizing the efficient no pollution operation of liquefied natural gas power engine of boat and ship, its It is characterised by:Liquefied natural gas heats up with the main heat exchanger heat exchange in air separation unit in described step (1), in liquefied natural gas Cold energy be used for cool down into air separation unit air, to isolate oxygen, liquid oxygen storage tank is stored in the form of liquid oxygen.
- 4. the method according to claim 3 for realizing the efficient no pollution operation of liquefied natural gas power engine of boat and ship, it is special Sign is:The preparation process of oxygen is in described step (1)：Liquid oxygen flows out from liquid oxygen storage tank, by described water cooling Waste gas when separator and carbon dioxide refrigerated separation device with engine discharge is exchanged heat, and the cold energy of liquid oxygen is utilized, liquid Oxygen is vaporizated into oxygen and enters oxygen storage tank, and oxygen is passed out to seawater preheating device and exchanged heat.
- 5. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for realizing the efficient no pollution operation of liquefied natural gas power engine of boat and ship, its It is characterised by:The caused water in water cooling separator, after chemical treatment, as the domestic water on ship；Two Caused liquid carbon dioxide in carbonoxide refrigerated separation device, part is taken to continue to cool down compression and dry ice is made is used for freezer system Cold, remaining liquid carbon dioxide, which is stored in storage tank, is used for ballasting or with being discharged into after seawater to make heat exchange as carbon dioxide Air.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105888794A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-08-24 | 上海海事大学 | Device and method for achieving pollution-free emission of tail gas of liquefied natural gas marine diesel engine |
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Address after: 300350 District, Jinnan District, Tianjin Haihe Education Park, 135 beautiful road, Beiyang campus of Tianjin University Patentee after: Tianjin University Address before: 300072 Tianjin City, Nankai District Wei Jin Road No. 92 Patentee before: Tianjin University |