CN105568024A - Preparation method for nano ceramic reinforced metal-matrix composite - Google Patents
Preparation method for nano ceramic reinforced metal-matrix composite Download PDFInfo
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- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- C22C23/04—Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent
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- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
- C22C32/0063—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on SiC
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- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0073—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only borides
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F2003/145—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously by warm compacting, below debindering temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/086—Cooling after atomisation
- B22F2009/0868—Cooling after atomisation by injection of solid particles in the melt stream
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for a nano ceramic reinforced metal-matrix composite. A MgZn alloy and nano ceramic particles are adopted as raw materials, and after the MgZn alloy is molten in an atomization tower, the molten MgZn alloy is made to flow out of small holes in the upper middle portion of the atomization tower; high-pressure gas is injected in, and the gas is mixed with the nano ceramic particles; under the action of air flow and shock cooling, the liquid MgZn alloy is atomized, the nano ceramic particles are wrapped with the atomized liquid MgZn alloy, and a spherical structure with the nano ceramic particles wrapped with the liquid metal is formed; spherical mixed powder with the nano ceramic particles wrapped with the MgZn alloy is obtained through condensation, the mixed power is sintered in an atmosphere furnace, and the nano ceramic reinforced metal-matrix composite is prepared; the volume fraction of the nano ceramic particles is 10%-40%, and the nano ceramic particles are evenly dispersed in the spherical mixed powder obtained through atomization; and after sintering, the nano ceramic particles are evenly distributed in the crystal of the MgZn alloy. The density of the prepared composite is higher than 95%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metal matrix composite, specifically disclose the preparation method that a kind of nano ceramics strengthens metal-base composites.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of current science and technology, employing single-material meets people's production and need of work is increasingly difficult, people adopt compounding technology to prepare high performance composite more and more, become important branch in present material scientific and engineering to cause the Study and Development of matrix material.
Matrix material is by the material of two or more different in kinds by physics and chemistry compound, and composition has the material of two or more Phase stracture.Such material not only performance be better than forming in any one independent material, but also the special performance that component do not have separately can be had.And ceramic particle is because possessing the features such as high specific strength, specific modulus, wear-resisting, good dimensional stability, can be used as most important a kind of wild phase in metal-base composites, the typical particulate reinforcing material of one that ceramic-metal composite is made up of the metallographic phase of ductility and the ceramic phase of fragility.Its appearance, mainly based in World War II latter half and for some time after terminating thereof, grows up under to an urgent demand situation of a kind of high temperature, Materials with High Strength.The distinguishing feature of Composite Reinforced with Metal Matrix Ceramic Particles is high strength, high rigidity and excellent wear resistance.It is more superior than conventional metallic alloys in effect, reliability and mechanical property, and performance depends primarily on the bonding strength, grain-size etc. of phase interface.If by improving the wettability between ceramic particle and metal melt, when making metal level surround ceramic phase completely, the grain-size of ceramic particle reinforced phase is less, and the intensity of matrix material is higher.And from Niihara report since adding the mechanical property that can significantly improve material in a small amount of nano particle to ceramic matrix, nano-ceramic particle wild phase matrix material causes the broad interest of investigation of materials person.In recent years, nano SiC granule reinforced Al matrix composite, because have metal and nonmetallic characteristic concurrently, has become a study hotspot of nano composite material.
But ceramic phase reinforcement particle distributing homogeneity is in the base the important factor affecting ceramic particle reinforced metal base composites mechanical property.And the scattering problem of nano-ceramic particle wild phase, namely how nanometer reinforcing phase cell cube is dispersed in metallic matrix, making it not reunite and keep the single body of nano-scale, is the matter of utmost importance making metal-base nanometer composite material realize giving full play to its nano effect must to solve.But now, also do not find highly effective dispersing method can disperse in metallic matrix the nano-powder of aggregating state.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the preparation method that a kind of nano ceramics strengthens metal-base composites.The nano ceramics that the present invention obtains strengthens metal-base composites, and nano-ceramic particle, in the distribution of MgZn alloy crystal inner homogeneous, improves its mechanical property to a great extent.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of nano ceramics provided by the invention strengthens the preparation method of metal-base composites, with MgZn alloy, nano-ceramic particle is raw material, after MgZn alloy is melted in atomisation tower, the MgZn alloy of melting middle part aperture from atomisation tower is flowed out, spray into high pressure gas simultaneously, dopen Nano ceramic particle in gas, under the mechanical force and chilling effect of air-flow, liquid MgZn alloy is atomized, simultaneously nano-ceramic particle be atomized after liquid MgZn alloy parcel, form the globosity of liquid metal parcel nano-ceramic particle, the spherical mixed powder being wrapped up nano-ceramic particle by MgZn alloy is obtained again through condensation, mixed powder is sintered in atmosphere furnace, complete the preparation that nano ceramics strengthens metal-base composites, wherein:
(1) volume fraction of nano-ceramic particle is 10% ~ 40%, is atomized dispersed nano-ceramic particle in the spherical mixed powder obtained;
(2), after sintering, nano-ceramic particle is evenly distributed at the crystals of MgZn alloy.
Described nano-ceramic particle is SiC or TiB
2.
The nano ceramics that aforesaid method prepares strengthens the density of metal-base composites higher than 95%, and its intra-die is uniformly distributed nano-ceramic particle, yield strength is 700 ~ 1000MPa, and specific tenacity is 300 ~ 700KNm/Kg, and specific modulus is 40 ~ 70MNm/Kg.
The present invention is with MgZn alloy, nano-ceramic particle is raw material, after MgZn alloy is melted in atomisation tower, the MgZn alloy of melting middle part aperture from atomisation tower is flowed out, spray into high pressure gas simultaneously, dopen Nano ceramic particle in gas, under the mechanical force and chilling effect of air-flow, liquid MgZn alloy is atomized, simultaneously nano-ceramic particle be atomized after liquid MgZn alloy parcel, form the globosity of liquid metal parcel nano-ceramic particle, the spherical mixed powder being wrapped up nano-ceramic particle by MgZn alloy is obtained again through condensation, mixed powder is sintered in atmosphere furnace, complete the preparation that nano ceramics strengthens metal-base composites.The present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
(1) by utilizing nano-ceramic particle (SiC, TiB
2) and MgZn alloy between good wettability, adopt atomization, achieve nano-ceramic particle dispersed in molten metal.
(2) by adopting the method for powder metallurgy, sintering prepares in metal matrix ceramic composites, and nano-ceramic particle, in the distribution of MgZn alloy crystal inner homogeneous, improves its mechanical property to a great extent;
(3) by the present invention, the preparation that a kind of nano ceramics strengthens metal-base composites is achieved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is atomization process schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is sintering process schematic diagram prepared by nano ceramics of the present invention enhancing metal-base composites.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail and completely to be depicted as the drawings and specific embodiments below, but limit the present invention by no means, the present invention is also not only confined to the content of following embodiment, if following used experimental technique is without specified otherwise, be the method for the existing routine of the art, the batching used or material, if no special instructions, be by the available batching of commercial sources or material.Provide case study on implementation below:
Embodiment 1
Nano ceramics strengthens a preparation for metal-base composites, and concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) with Mg2Zn alloy and SiC nano-ceramic particle B for raw material, the particle diameter of SiC is 40nm, the Mg2Zn alloy A of melting middle part aperture from atomisation tower is flowed out, spray into high pressure Ar gas simultaneously, doped SIC nano-ceramic particle B in gas, under the mechanical force and chilling effect of Ar air-flow, liquid Mg2Zn alloy A is atomized, simultaneously SiC nano-ceramic particle B be atomized after liquid Mg2Zn alloy A parcel, form the structure of liquid metal parcel SiC nano-ceramic particle, again through be condensed into tiny granular metal-powder fall into atomisation tower under Sheng powder bucket, obtain the spherical mixed powder particle C being wrapped up nano SiC by Mg2Zn alloy, granular size is 50 μm, the volume fraction introducing nano SiC is 20%, .
(2) by mixed powder after dry-pressing formed, again after the isostatic cool pressing of 200MPa, sinter in a vacuum, with the heat-up rate of 5 DEG C/min, temperature is raised to 600 DEG C of insulation 2h, obtains nano ceramics by this sintering processing and strengthen metal-base composites.
The density that the nano ceramics that the present embodiment obtains strengthens metal-base composites is 99%, and nano-ceramic particle B distributes at the crystal boundary D inner homogeneous of metal matrix, and yield strength is 800MPa, and specific tenacity is 450KNm/Kg, and specific modulus is 50MNm/Kg.
Embodiment 2
With Mg2Zn alloy and TiB
2nano-ceramic particle is raw material, TiB
2particle diameter be 60nm, under an ar atmosphere atomization after, obtain the powder that granular size is 30 μm, introduce nanometer TiB
2volume fraction be 20%.By mixed powder through hot pressed sintering, sintering atmosphere is Ar, and sintering process is that temperature is raised to 400 DEG C of insulation 3h, pressurization 30MPa by the heat-up rate of 5 DEG C/min, obtains nano ceramics strengthen metal-base composites by this sintering processing.The density that the nano ceramics prepared strengthens metal-base composites is 99%, and its intra-die is uniformly distributed nano-ceramic particle, and yield strength is 850MPa, and specific tenacity is 500KNm/Kg, and specific modulus is 55MNm/Kg.
Embodiment 3
With Mg6Zn alloy and TiB
2nano-ceramic particle is raw material, TiB
2particle diameter be 30nm, under an ar atmosphere atomization after, obtain the powder that granular size is 20 μm, introduce nanometer TiB
2volume fraction be 40%.Sinter through SPS (plasma discharging) after mixed powder is shaping, sintering atmosphere is Ar, sintering process is that temperature is raised to 450 DEG C of insulation 0.5h by the heat-up rate of 50 DEG C/min, obtains nano ceramics strengthen metal-base composites by this sintering processing.The density that the nano ceramics prepared strengthens metal-base composites is 99%, and its intra-die is uniformly distributed nano-ceramic particle, and yield strength is 900MPa, and specific tenacity is 550KNm/Kg, and specific modulus is 60MNm/Kg.
Embodiment 4
With Mg6Zn alloy and SiC nano-ceramic particle for raw material, the particle diameter of SiC is 80nm, under an ar atmosphere after atomization, obtains the powder that granular size is 100 μm, and the volume fraction introducing nano SiC is 25%.Through gas pressure sintering after mixed powder is shaping, sintering atmosphere is Ar, and sintering process is that temperature is raised to 500 DEG C of insulation 3h, pressurization 10MPa by the heat-up rate of 5 DEG C/min, obtains nano ceramics strengthen metal-base composites by this sintering processing.The density that the nano ceramics prepared strengthens metal-base composites is 99%, and its intra-die is uniformly distributed nano-ceramic particle, and yield strength is 750MPa, and specific tenacity is 400KNm/Kg, and specific modulus is 45MNm/Kg.
Embodiment 5
With Mg6Zn alloy and TiB
2nano-ceramic particle is raw material, TiB
2particle diameter be 20nm, under an ar atmosphere atomization after, obtain the powder that granular size is 10 μm, introduce nanometer TiB
2volume fraction be 30%.Through pressureless sintering after mixed powder is shaping, sintering atmosphere vacuum, sintering process is that temperature is raised to 500 DEG C of insulation 3h by the heat-up rate of 5 DEG C/min, obtains nano ceramics strengthen metal-base composites by this sintering processing.The density that the nano ceramics prepared strengthens metal-base composites is 99%, and its intra-die is uniformly distributed nano-ceramic particle, and yield strength is 800MPa, and specific tenacity is 450KNm/Kg, and specific modulus is 50MNm/Kg.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of a nano ceramics enhancing metal-base composites, with MgZn alloy, nano-ceramic particle is raw material, after MgZn alloy is melted in atomisation tower, the MgZn alloy of melting middle part aperture from atomisation tower is flowed out, spray into high pressure gas simultaneously, dopen Nano ceramic particle in gas, under the mechanical force and chilling effect of air-flow, liquid MgZn alloy is atomized, simultaneously nano-ceramic particle be atomized after liquid MgZn alloy parcel, form the globosity of liquid metal parcel nano-ceramic particle, the spherical mixed powder being wrapped up nano-ceramic particle by MgZn alloy is obtained again through condensation, mixed powder is sintered in atmosphere furnace, complete the preparation that nano ceramics strengthens metal-base composites, it is characterized in that:
(1) volume fraction of nano-ceramic particle is 10% ~ 40%, is atomized dispersed nano-ceramic particle in the spherical mixed powder obtained;
(2), after sintering, nano-ceramic particle is evenly distributed at the crystals of MgZn alloy.
2. nano ceramics according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of metal-base composites, it is characterized in that: described nano-ceramic particle is SiC or TiB
2.
3. nano ceramics according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of metal-base composites, it is characterized in that: the volume fraction of described nano-ceramic particle is 20%.
4. nano ceramics according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of metal-base composites, it is characterized in that: the purity of described nano-ceramic particle is 95 ~ 100%, and particle diameter is <100nm.
5. nano ceramics according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of metal-base composites, it is characterized in that: the high pressure gas sprayed into are Ar.
6. nano ceramics according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of metal-base composites, it is characterized in that: will be atomized the diameter control of the spherical mixed powder obtained at 10 ~ 150 μm.
7. nano ceramics according to claim 6 strengthens the preparation method of metal-base composites, it is characterized in that: the diameter being atomized the spherical mixed powder obtained is 50 μm.
8. nano ceramics according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of metal-base composites; it is characterized in that: described sintering process is: with the temperature rise rate of 5 DEG C/min temperature risen to 400 ~ 800 DEG C and be incubated 0.5 ~ 12h, obtain nano ceramics by vacuum or protective atmosphere sintering and strengthen metal-base composites.
9. nano ceramics according to claim 8 strengthens the preparation method of metal-base composites, it is characterized in that: described sintering process is: with the heat-up rate of 5 DEG C/min, temperature is raised to 500 DEG C of insulation 6h.
10. the preparation method of metal-base composites is strengthened according to the nano ceramics described in claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that the nano ceramics prepared strengthens the density of metal-base composites higher than 95%, and its intra-die is uniformly distributed nano-ceramic particle, yield strength is 700 ~ 1000MPa, specific tenacity is 300 ~ 700KNm/Kg, and specific modulus is 40 ~ 70MNm/Kg.
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106424746A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-22 | 湖南航天新材料技术研究院有限公司 | Device and method for preparing metal ceramic composite powder material |
| CN107695344A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-02-16 | 张家港创博金属科技有限公司 | Composition metal bead preparation method and device |
| CN108161018A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-15 | 南通金源智能技术有限公司 | A kind of method for improving 3D printing acieral powder print performance |
| CN108752014A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-11-06 | 广东工业大学 | One kind being used for precinct laser sintering（SLS）/ precinct laser melts（SLM）Powder and its preparation method and application |
| JP2018178225A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-11-15 | 地方独立行政法人東京都立産業技術研究センター | Manufacturing method of magnesium alloy |
| CN109371298A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-02-22 | 湖南金昊新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminium-based alloyed powder ultimogeniture production. art |
| CN109550964A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-02 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of dispersion strengthening iron-base alloy powder |
| CN109881046A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-14 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of nano silicon carbide granulate enhancing Zn Al Alloy Matrix Composites and preparation method thereof |
| CN111057906A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-24 | 苏州再超冶金制品有限公司 | Nano ceramic powder reinforced alloy composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111304482A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-19 | 北方工业大学 | Method for improving elastic modulus of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
| CN112846203A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-28 | 有研粉末新材料(合肥)有限公司 | Water atomization preparation method of iron-based composite powder |
| CN113523293A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-22 | 山东大学 | Preparation device and method of alloy powder embedded with reinforced particles |
| CN114082965A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-02-25 | 北京七弟科技有限公司 | Preparation method of metal-based micro-nano particle composite powder, prepared powder and application of powder in preparation of composite material |
| CN114406271A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-29 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | Macroscopic preparation method, device and application of nanocarbon material-metal composite material |
| CN115961172A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-04-14 | 上海交通大学 | Nano ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106424746A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-22 | 湖南航天新材料技术研究院有限公司 | Device and method for preparing metal ceramic composite powder material |
| JP2018178225A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-11-15 | 地方独立行政法人東京都立産業技術研究センター | Manufacturing method of magnesium alloy |
| CN107695344A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-02-16 | 张家港创博金属科技有限公司 | Composition metal bead preparation method and device |
| CN109550964A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-02 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of dispersion strengthening iron-base alloy powder |
| CN108161018A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-15 | 南通金源智能技术有限公司 | A kind of method for improving 3D printing acieral powder print performance |
| CN108752014A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-11-06 | 广东工业大学 | One kind being used for precinct laser sintering（SLS）/ precinct laser melts（SLM）Powder and its preparation method and application |
| CN109371298A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-02-22 | 湖南金昊新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminium-based alloyed powder ultimogeniture production. art |
| CN109881046A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-14 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of nano silicon carbide granulate enhancing Zn Al Alloy Matrix Composites and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111304482A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-19 | 北方工业大学 | Method for improving elastic modulus of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
| CN111304482B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-08-27 | 北方工业大学 | Method for improving elastic modulus of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
| CN112846203A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-28 | 有研粉末新材料(合肥)有限公司 | Water atomization preparation method of iron-based composite powder |
| CN113523293A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-22 | 山东大学 | Preparation device and method of alloy powder embedded with reinforced particles |
| CN114082965A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-02-25 | 北京七弟科技有限公司 | Preparation method of metal-based micro-nano particle composite powder, prepared powder and application of powder in preparation of composite material |
| CN114406271A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-29 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | Macroscopic preparation method, device and application of nanocarbon material-metal composite material |
| CN115961172A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-04-14 | 上海交通大学 | Nano ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160511 |