CN105566206B - 一种可再生荧光显示材料的制备及重金属污染治理方面的应用 - Google Patents

一种可再生荧光显示材料的制备及重金属污染治理方面的应用 Download PDF

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CN105566206B
CN105566206B CN201610129496.1A CN201610129496A CN105566206B CN 105566206 B CN105566206 B CN 105566206B CN 201610129496 A CN201610129496 A CN 201610129496A CN 105566206 B CN105566206 B CN 105566206B
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terpyridyl
phenyl
sulfydryl
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刘巨艳
黄海静
李海若
何运业
李宗台
刘恒斌
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Tianjin Lanchao Power Maintenance Co Ltd
Tianjin Normal University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种1,3,5‑三((4‑([2,2’;6’,2’’‑三联吡啶]‑4’‑基)苯基)巯基)甲基‑2,4,6‑三甲基苯及其制备方法与应用。它是将4’‑[4‑(巯基)苯基]‑2,2;6’,2’’‑三联吡啶,1,3,5‑三溴甲基‑2,4,6‑三甲基苯,碳酸钾,四氢呋喃,常温搅拌来制备该有机化合物。本发明的制备方法具有工艺操作简单,生产成本低,环境污染小的特点,适合大规模的工业化生产。本发明制备的1,3,5‑三((4‑([2,2’;6’,2’’‑三联吡啶]‑4’‑基)苯基)巯基)甲基‑2,4,6‑三甲基苯化合物可以应用在荧光探针性能研究方面。

Description

一种可再生荧光显示材料的制备及重金属污染治理方面的 应用
本发明得到天津市自然科学基金重点项目(12JCZDJC34300)及天津师范大学开发基金(52XK1308)资助。
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成技术领域,涉及1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯化合物的制备方法,1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯在制备荧光探针、重金属监测、提取方面的应用。
背景技术
21世纪是科技高速发展,人类文明极大进步的时代,但同时也是环境极度恶化的时代。随着工业生产的发展,大气污染、水体污染、重金属污染以及固体废弃物污染正在逐步侵蚀人类和其他生物的健康。如何准确的检测环境和生物体中的污染物成为环境治理的重要一环。
三联吡啶及其衍生物具有σ给电子能力及π受电子能力,是现代配位化学中应用较为广泛的螯合配体,也是研究分子开关和分子马达等超分子器件的模型化合物之一。而含有金属离子或金属配合物的三联吡啶,不仅具有特殊的结构,而且具有电子迁移、能量传递和光、电、磁、机械运动等多种新颖性质。研究和拓展新结构的三联吡啶类化合物已成为超分子化学的重要方向。
荧光探针检测技术正是发源于超分子化学,通过探针分子与待测物质间选择性结合,形成具有新荧光特征的化合物,并进行检测一种光学分析技术。与传统的检测分析方法相比,荧光探针法具有选择性好、发光可调节、非侵入性、可视化观测以及实时便捷等优点,因此近年来荧光探针得到了广泛关注并逐渐成为环境、生物、医学等领域的主要研究方法。
为寻求高效新型化合物,本发明将以4’-[4-(巯基)苯基]-2,2;6’,2’’-三联吡啶和1,3,5-三溴甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯有效的相拟合,合成一种新型的含三联吡啶类化合物。迄今为止,尚未查到1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯这个化合物,更未检索到有关1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯合成方法的文献报道。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是在于提供一种1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯化合物和其制备方法。
本发明的另一个目的是在于提供1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯化合物作为一种新型的荧光探针,在医学和生物学领域中细胞内Hg2+和Pb2+的标记和荧光成像的应用。
本发明所研究的1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯,作为一种新型的荧光探针,有良好的选择性,不受其他金属离子的干扰,灵敏度高,可用于浓度在ppb级别的Hg2+和Pb2+区分探测。可应用于生物、医学等领域中细胞内Hg2+和Pb2+的标记和荧光成像。
本发明人在试验中惊奇地发现:以4’-[4-(巯基)苯基]-2,2;6’,2’’-三联吡啶,1,3,5-三溴甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯,碳酸钾主要原材料,反应中以四氢呋喃(THF)为溶剂,室温条件下搅拌,可以得到收率高的1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯化合物。
为此本发明人提供了如下的技术方案:
1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯化合物具有如下的结构:
L1
本发明所述 1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯的制备方法,其特征是在极性溶剂中,将4’-[4-(巯基)苯基]-2,2;6’,2’’-三联吡啶,1,3,5-三溴甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯,碳酸钾在室温条件下搅拌制备该有机化合物;其中 4’-[4-(巯基)苯基]-2,2;6’,2’’-三联吡啶:1,3,5-三溴甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯:碳酸钾的摩尔比为6:1:9;
本发明优选4’-[4-(巯基)苯基]-2,2;6’,2’’-三联吡啶:1,3,5-三溴甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯:碳酸钾摩尔比为6:1:9;反应温度为室温,反应时间9小时。
本发明更加详细的制备方法如下:
一种 1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯的制备方法其特征在于,在极性溶剂中,将 4’-[4-(巯基)苯基]-2,2;6’,2’’-三联吡啶,1,3,5-三溴甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯,碳酸钾在室温条件下搅拌制备该有机化合物;
本发明所述的极性溶剂为THF,其中 4’-[4-(巯基)苯基]-2,2;6’,2’’-三联吡啶:1,3,5-三溴甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯:碳酸钾的摩尔比为6:1:9;
本发明公开的 1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯化合物所具有的优点和特点在于:
(1)反应操作简便易行。
(2)反应收率高,所得产品的纯度高。
(3)本发明所制备的 1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯可以应用于重金属监测、提取。在医学和生物学领域中也具有较大的研究意义,有较好的应用前景。
附图说明:
图1:探针L1的荧光强度与Hg2+的浓度关系;
图2:探针L1的荧光强度与Pb2+的浓度关系;
图3:1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯化合物的核磁谱图-氢谱;
图4:1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯化合物的高分辨质谱。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的说明,实施例仅为解释性的,决不意味着它以任何方式限制本发明的范围。产物的熔点是在型号为X4 Micro的熔点仪上进行测量的,其中所用到的原料4’-[4-(巯基)苯基]-2,2;6’,2’’-三联吡啶、1,3,5-三溴甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯等均有市售。
实施例1
4’-[4-(巯基)苯基]-2,2;6’,2’’-三联吡啶:1,3,5-三溴甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯:碳酸钾的摩尔比为6:1:9;在装有磁子的50 mL三口圆底烧瓶内分别加入碳酸钾( 0.972 g,9 mmol ),4’-[4-(巯基)苯基]-2,2;6’,2’’-三联吡啶( 2.048 g, 6 mmol ),1,3,5-三溴甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯( 0.399 g, 1 mmol ), 20 mL THF。室温下搅拌,反应6小时。反应结束后,反应液用二氯甲烷萃取,水洗,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压蒸馏除去有机溶剂,得到粗产品。再用甲醇/二氯甲烷重结晶,得到淡黄色固体,收率88%。
制备方法:
4’-[4-(巯基)苯基]-2,2;6’,2’’-三联吡啶:1,3,5-三溴甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯:碳酸钾的摩尔比为6:1:9;在装有磁子的50 mL三口圆底烧瓶内分别加入碳酸钾( 0.972 g,9 mmol ),4’-[4-(巯基)苯基]-2,2;6’,2’’-三联吡啶( 2.048 g, 6 mmol ),1,3,5-三溴甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯( 0.399 g, 1 mmol ), 20 mL THF。室温下搅拌,反应9小时。反应结束后,反应液用二氯甲烷萃取,水洗,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,减压蒸馏除去有机溶剂,得到粗产品。再用甲醇/二氯甲烷重结晶,得到淡黄色固体,收率84.3%。
实施例2
1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯荧光探针性能的研究
荧光探针溶液的配置:将荧光探针L1溶于乙腈中,制成浓度为0.55 uM的溶液.保存于-4 ˚C的冰箱之中,测试时可用测试缓冲液将溶液稀释到各自所需浓度。
干扰物溶液的配置:所有干扰物均购于安吉试剂公司,分别为HgNO3、AgNO3、FeCl2、N2H4、NaCl、CaCl2、PbCl2、AlCl3、CoCl2、CuCl2、KCl、ZnCl2和CdCl2。将金属离子用双蒸水配置成10-2 M的溶液备用,测试前用测试缓冲液稀释到所需浓度。
细胞培养:
细胞人类宮颈癌细胞在含有5%胎牛血清,50 ug/mL盘尼西林和50 ug/mL链霉素的杜氏培养基中生长。在成像两天前将细胞转移到坡璃基片上,培养基改为不含胎牛血清的杜氏培养基,以用于标记。在含有5% CO2的气氛中细胞在含有5 uL浓度为0.5 mM L1的DMSO的溶液的培养液中培养20分钟,温度为38 ˚C。然后加入2.5 uL含有0.5 mM或不含Hg2+的溶液,随后在上述培养环境下继续培养20分钟。成像前细胞用磷酸盐缓冲盐水清洗三次。
(1)荧光探针L1分别加入0, 1.53, 3.41, 5.16, 6.89, 7.03,8.85, 9.93,11.27, 13.43, 15.18, 16.79, 18.11, 19.86, 21.32, 23.07, 24.69, 26.12, 27.49,29.84 ppb的Hg2+
(2)荧光探针L1分别加入0, 2.47, 4.89,7.31, 9.83, 12.25, 14.97, 17.09,19.74, 21.60, 24.39, 27.63,29.67, 32.17,35.68, 39.02, 42.27, 45.18, 48.47,51.39 ppb的Pb2+
结果与讨论
(1)荧光探针L1对Hg2+和Pb2+的荧光响应
当用Hg2+进行滴定时,随着Hg2+浓度的增加,原始荧光发射带逐渐减弱直至消失,而在495 nm处出现了新的发射峰,图中可以观察到一个位于410 nm处的等色点,说明有新物质,即L1与Hg2+配位形成的配合物L1- Hg生成。在随后Pb2+的滴定实验中也可以观察到相似的现象:随着Pb2+浓度增加,原始荧光发射峰减弱、长波段处出现新的发射峰以及有等色点出现。
值得注意的是,在加入Pb2+后,L1的发射峰出现在455 nm处,与L1-Hg的荧光发射峰峰相比有40 nm的间隔,这导致加入Hg2+和Pb2+后发射出不同的颜色的荧光,为蓝色而为绿色。这一结果表明该探针可用于区分探测Hg2+和Pb2+
(2)探针L1对于Hg2+和Pb2+的选择性
为验证在含有多种离子和化学物质的环境中的应用,我们引入了多种在生物体或环境污染中较常见的金属离子和中性化学物质如:Hg+、Ag+、Fe2+、Na+、N2H4、Ca2+、Pb2+、Al3+、Co2+、Cu2+、K+、Zn2+和Cd2+,以研究这种探针对于Hg2+和Pb2+的选择性以及在复杂环境下进行检测的能力,结果主族金属离子包括K+、Na+、Ca2+和Al3+对于L1溶液中加入Hg2+和Pb2+前后的荧光强度没有影响,而Fe2+、Co2+、Cu2+和Cd2+对于荧光有微弱的淬灭作用。
在详细说明的较佳实施例之后,熟悉该项技术人士可清楚地了解,在不脱离上述申请专利范围与精神下可进行各种变化与修改,凡依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均属于本发明技术方案的范围。且本发明亦不受说明书中所举实例实施方式的限制。

Claims (5)

1.1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’; 6, 2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯化合物具有如下的结构:
2.权利要求1所述1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’; 6, 2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯化合物的合成方法,其特征在于如下的步骤进行:
将化合物(Ⅰ)和化合物(Ⅱ)溶于极性溶剂中,加入碱,室温下搅拌;反应完全后,反应液用二氯甲烷萃取,水洗,减压蒸馏除去有机溶剂,得到淡黄色固体;
3.权利要求2所述合成方法,其中4’-[4-(巯基)苯基]-2,2;6’,2’’-三联吡啶:1,3,5-三溴甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯:碳酸钾的摩尔比为6:1:9;反应时间为5-12小时;所述的极性溶剂为四氢呋喃,所述的碱为碳酸钾。
4.权利要求1所述1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’; 6, 2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯化合物在制备荧光探针、离子识别方面的应用;所述的离子识别指的是对Hg2+和Pb2+的识别。
5.权利要求2所述的制备方法,它是将1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’; 6, 2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯化合物与重金属离子络合,将重金属离子提取出来,所得产物用酸洗后,1,3,5-三((4-([2,2’;6’,2’’-三联吡啶]-4’-基)苯基)巯基)甲基-2,4,6-三甲基苯可以得到回收再利用。
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