CN105555471A - 带有硬度测量装置的机床 - Google Patents

带有硬度测量装置的机床 Download PDF

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CN105555471A
CN105555471A CN201480052376.5A CN201480052376A CN105555471A CN 105555471 A CN105555471 A CN 105555471A CN 201480052376 A CN201480052376 A CN 201480052376A CN 105555471 A CN105555471 A CN 105555471A
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measuring device
workpiece
hardness measuring
hardness
automatically
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CN105555471B (zh
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J.菲舍尔
M.布勒尔
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
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MAN Diesel and Turbo SE
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/20Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/1556Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of non-rotary tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/40Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
    • G01N3/405Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by determining the vibration frequency of a sensing element in contact with the specimen
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/40Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
    • G01N3/42Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under a steady load by indentors, e.g. sphere, pyramid
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30Milling
    • Y10T409/303864Milling with means to weigh or test work or product
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00Tool changing
    • Y10T483/17Tool changing including machine tool or component

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种机床,其带有用于容纳待加工的工件的工件容纳部和带有用于容纳对于工件加工所需的工具的工具容纳部,其中,将硬度测量装置集成到机床中,借助于该硬度测量装置可自动地在工件处执行硬度测量。

Description

带有硬度测量装置的机床
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分的机床。
背景技术
机床的基本结构由实践充分已知。如此,机床具有用于容纳待在机床上加工的工件的工件容纳部(Werkstueckaufnahme)。此外,机床具有用于容纳对于工件加工所需的工具的工具容纳部(Werkzeugaufnahme),其中,机床的工具典型地被在机床的工具库中准备好。工具容纳部可在实施自动工具更换时自动地将工具从工具库中取出且与此相对将不再需要的工具安置在工具库中。
此外,由实践已知在机床上加工工件之后将工件从机床取出且例如使其经受工件检验。在此,可在工件处执行硬度测量。
由实践已知硬度测量装置,其根据UCI-方法工作。在UCI(UltrasonicContactImpedance)-方法中,将UCI-硬度测量装置手动安放到工件上且手动地以力压向工件。在达到额定测试力(Nennpruefkraft)时,通过所谓的维氏金刚石来电子地测出测试压痕(Pruefeindruck)并且可立即显示出硬度测量值。
就此而言仅代表性地对于硬度测量提及该UCI-方法,还可考虑其它方法。
迄今,硬度测量在加工过程之外手动地以UCI-方法或在其它自动化的测试装置上实现。这需要更高的时间耗费和与此相关的成本且在手动过程中限制可重复性。UCI-硬度测量装置相应地由工人手动地安放到工件上且手动地以力压向工件。
发明内容
由此出发,本发明目的在于提供一种新型机床、尤其提供机床的一种功能扩展,这样使得在加工过程期间可自动进行硬度测试。
该目的通过一种根据权利要求1的机床来实现。
根据本发明,将硬度测量装置集成到机床中,借助于该硬度测量装置可自动地在工件处执行硬度测量。
以本发明提出将硬度测量装置、尤其UCI-硬度测量装置集成到机床中。那么根据本发明可自动地实现硬度测量,而不通过工人手动干预。由此可将整个硬度测量设计成可重复、自动化且过程集成的。
在该情况中,硬度测量装置是UCI-硬度测量装置,其可借助于工具容纳部自动地安放到工件上且能够以限定的力自动地压向工件。硬度测量装置可借助于工具容纳部在工具主轴中或在工具转塔中自动地以限定的角度安放到工件上且自动地以限定的力压向工件。由此使整个硬度测量可重复、自动化且过程集成。
优选地,将压力测量装置或力测量装置集成到工具容纳部中或在机器侧集成在用于工具容纳部的拉紧装置中,借助于该压力测量装置或力测量装置可自动地测量硬度测量装置可压向工件的力。在此所获得的力测量值可自动地传输到评估装置处,其中,评估装置将工具轴线操控成使得力测量值相应于力理论值。通过调节硬度测量装置压向工件的力,可进一步提升硬度测量的质量。
附图说明
本发明的优选的改进方案由从属权利要求和接下来的说明得出。根据附图来详细阐述本发明的一实施例,而不限于此。在此:
图1显示出用于根据本发明应用在机床中的UCI-硬度测量装置。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种用于机床的测量仪器。硬度测量仪和机床的基本结构为本领域技术人员所熟知。
就此而言应指出的是,机床具有用于容纳待加工的工件的工件容纳部。工件容纳部例如可以是所谓的卡盘,在其中可固定地卡紧待加工的工件。
此外,机床优选地具有工具库,在其中备有机床的不同的工具。
此外,机床具有用于容纳对于工件加工所需的工具的工具容纳部,其中,在自动工具更换时工具容纳部可将新的、对于加工工件所需的工具从工具库中取出并且与此相对可将不再需要的工具安置在工具库中。
典型地,工具容纳部和因此容纳在工具容纳部中的工具可借助于工具主轴相对于工件移位。
利用本发明提出将硬度测量装置集成到机床中,借助于该硬度测量装置可自动地在工件处执行硬度测量。集成到机床中的硬度测量装置优选地是UCI-硬度测量装置,其根据UCI(UltrasonicContactImpedance)-方法在工件处进行硬度测量。
优选地可借助于机床将硬度测量装置自动地以限定的角度安放到工件上且可以限定的力自动地压向工件。就此而言可设置成,硬度测量装置连同机床的工具容纳在工具库中。那么在自动工具更换的意义中,工具容纳部为了执行硬度测量可将硬度测量装置自动地从工具库中取出且与此相对将对于硬度测量不再需要的工具安置在工具库中。
在自动硬度测量中所获得的硬度测量值可自动地从硬度测量装置传输到评估装置处,即用于储存和/或评估硬度测量值,其中,集成到机床中的硬度测量装置优选地将硬度测量值无线地通过无线电传输到评估装置处。
当然还可考虑且可能例如将测量值储存在测量头中、即在探针中且接下来传输。重要的是,在机床内传输这些值。
如已实施的那样,可借助于工具容纳部将硬度测量装置以限定的力自动地压靠到工件处。就此而言可设置成,此外将压力测量装置或力测量装置集成到工具容纳部中,借助于该压力测量装置或力测量装置可自动地测量硬度测量装置压向工件的力。就此而言那么优选地设置成,将在此所获得的力测量值自动地传输到评估装置处,评估装置然后将工具容纳部操控成使得力测量值相应于力理论值且如此以限定的力将硬度测量装置压向工件。
如上面已实施的那样,工具主轴用于使工具容纳部相对于工件移位。相应地,容纳在工具容纳部中的硬度测量装置可与工具容纳部一起经由工具主轴相对于工件移位且以限定的角度被安放到工件上。换言之:可使硬度测量装置在限定的轴线中(根据机床)相对于工件运动。
由于硬度测量装置集成到机床中,可提高硬度测量的过程可靠性。此外,整个硬度测量可重复,因为可避免通过手动操作的误差。此外,还可在较短的时间内在加工步骤之间执行硬度测量。
图1极其示意性地示出集成到机床中的UCI-硬度测量装置1。可将硬度测量装置1的测量头3以限定的角度和限定的力压向工件。
硬度测量装置1的与测量头3相对而置的区段2用于在未示出的机床的同样未示出的工具容纳部中容纳和保持硬度测量装置1。
附图标记清单
1硬度测量装置
2区段,工具容纳部
3测量头。

Claims (9)

1.一种机床,其带有用于容纳待加工的工件的工件容纳部和带有用于容纳对于工件加工所需的工具的工具容纳部,其特征在于,将硬度测量装置集成到所述机床中,借助于所述硬度测量装置能够自动地在工件处执行硬度测量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机床,其特征在于,集成到所述机床中的所述硬度测量装置是UCI-硬度测量装置。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的机床,其特征在于,所述硬度测量装置借助于所述工具容纳部能够自动地安放到所述工件上且能够以限定的力自动地压向所述工件。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的机床,其特征在于,由所述硬度测量装置所获得的硬度值能够自动地传输到用于储存和/或评估的评估装置处。
5.根据权利要求4所述的机床,其特征在于,所述硬度测量装置将硬度测量值通过无线电无线地传输到所述评估装置处。
6.根据权利要求3至5中任一项所述的机床,其特征在于,将压力测量装置或力测量装置集成到所述工具容纳部中,借助于所述压力测量装置或力测量装置能够自动地测量所述硬度测量装置能够压向所述工件的力。
7.根据权利要求6所述的机床,其特征在于,所获得的力测量值在此能够自动地传输到评估装置处,其中,所述评估装置将所述工具容纳部操纵成使得所述力测量值相应于力理论值。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的机床,其特征在于,所述硬度测量装置与工具一起容纳在工具库中,并且所述硬度测量装置在自动工具更换的意义中能够自动地从所述工具库中取出且能够由所述工具容纳部容纳以及反过来能够自动地从所述工具容纳部取出且能够容纳在所述工具库中。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的机床,其特征在于,所述硬度测量装置连同容纳所述硬度测量装置的所述工具容纳部能够自动地经由机床轴线相对于所述工件移位并且能够以限定的角度安放到所述工件上。
CN201480052376.5A 2013-09-23 2014-09-04 带有硬度测量装置的机床 Expired - Fee Related CN105555471B (zh)

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DE201310015685 DE102013015685A1 (de) 2013-09-23 2013-09-23 Werkzeugmaschine
DE102013015685.8 2013-09-23
PCT/EP2014/068787 WO2015039875A1 (de) 2013-09-23 2014-09-04 Werkzeugmaschine mit härtemesseinrichtung

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US10875139B2 (en) 2020-12-29
EP3049214B1 (de) 2019-04-03
CA2925235C (en) 2018-03-06
DE102013015685A1 (de) 2015-03-26
JP6333392B2 (ja) 2018-05-30
CA2925235A1 (en) 2015-03-26
JP2016536156A (ja) 2016-11-24
EP3049214A1 (de) 2016-08-03
US20160236312A1 (en) 2016-08-18
CN105555471B (zh) 2018-09-18
WO2015039875A1 (de) 2015-03-26

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