CN105549061A - Nasal swab detection device for alpha radioactive internal contamination - Google Patents
Nasal swab detection device for alpha radioactive internal contamination Download PDFInfo
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- CN105549061A CN105549061A CN201610139136.XA CN201610139136A CN105549061A CN 105549061 A CN105549061 A CN 105549061A CN 201610139136 A CN201610139136 A CN 201610139136A CN 105549061 A CN105549061 A CN 105549061A
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- nose swab
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- nose
- internal contamination
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/167—Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nasal swab detection device for alpha radioactive internal contamination. The device comprises a nasal swab frame, a sample frame and a vacuum cavity, wherein wherein the nasal swab frame is used for mounting nasal swabs, the sample frame is used for mounting the nasal swab frame, at least one nasal swab can be mounted on the nasal swab frame, and the heads of the nasal swabs cannot be shielded; an ejection mechanism is mounted on the rear end surface in the sample frame, and the nasal swab frame can be inserted from the front end surface of the sample frame and is tightly matched with the ejection mechanism; detectors are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the sample frame and connected with one preset signal processing circuit respectively, and the sample frame is located in the vacuum cavity. According to the nasal swab detection device for alpha radioactive internal contamination, a nasal cavity wiping object of a to-be-tested person is taken as a target detection object, the nasal swabs are inserted into the sample frame, detection circuits are arranged on two sides of the sample frame, the whole is placed into the vacuum cavity to be vacuumized for measuring, the distances of a to-be-tested sample and the detectors are fixed, the double detectors form double surface stereo-measurement, and vacuumizing is combined, so that the detection efficiency is improved greatly, and the minimum detectable limit is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alpha activity pollution detection system, particularly relate to a kind of for alpha activity internal contamination nose swab pick-up unit.
Background technology
Usually there is the radiomaterial of heavy atom ordinal number, as uranium series, thorium family can radiate α particle by alpha-decay.Alpha ray is a kind of charged particle stream, and due to charged, its place of arrival is easy to cause ionization.Alpha ray has very strong ionizing power, therefore brings certain destructiveness, especially larger to people's in-vivo tissue damage capability.Its quality is comparatively large in addition, and penetration capacity is poor, and aerial range only has several centimetres, as long as the skin of a piece of paper or health just can block, therefore, mainly prevents from being undertaken in body by respiratory system or oral cavity for alpha-active protection.Natural alpha ray is mainly derived from cosmic rays and some natural radioactive element tellurian, after the mankind carry out core correlated activation, the various pith being discharged into the radioelement composing environment α source in earth's surface or air with gas, liquid or solid form.Especially when there is burst nuclear accident or nuclear leakage, various nuclear facilities leaks into the radioelement of surrounding environment, the rising of ambient atmosphere α particle concentration can be caused, thus cause personnel in enormous quantities to need scene to carry out because respiratory system causes alpha activity internal contamination to detect in time, so that the contaminated serious the wounded of Timeliness coverage, for emergency aid and treatment provides scientific basis.
Because alpha range only has several centimetres in atmosphere, and penetration capacity is very weak, so when there is nuclear accident or nuclear leakage, mainly migrate with gasoloid; Secondly, owing to being measure the internal contamination of human body alpha activity, do not have suitable means at present, traditional measuring method is not suitable for Mass screening in enormous quantities and measures.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide one to solve the problem, be convenient to people carry out fast, in time, accurately because respiratory system causes alpha activity internal contamination to detect, and the one that detection efficiency is high, detection limit is low is used for alpha activity internal contamination nose swab pick-up unit.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is such:
A kind of for alpha activity internal contamination nose swab pick-up unit, comprise the nose swab frame installing nose swab, specimen holder, the vacuum chamber of installing nose swab frame, described nose swab is made up of bar portion and head, and head is enclosed with filter membrane;
Described nose swab frame can install at least one nose swab, and does not block the head of nose swab;
Described specimen holder is the cuboid of horizontal positioned, and inner hollow comprises left surface, right flank, front end face, rear end face, four faces all have window, in specimen holder, rear end face place is provided with ejecting mechanism, and nose swab frame can insert from specimen holder front end face, and closely cooperates with ejecting mechanism;
The specimen holder left and right sides is arranged with a detector, and described detector connects an advance signal treatment circuit respectively, and detector center is just to the nose swab head center in nose swab frame;
Described vacuum chamber comprises front seal pad and rear seal pad, front seal pad connects with vacuum chamber upset, specimen holder is positioned at vacuum chamber, front and rear end is respectively towards forward and backward seal pad, left and right side is provided with the latch mechanism be fixed in vacuum chamber, be provided with on rear seal pad connect advance signal treatment circuit signaling interface, connect the power interface of detector and advance signal treatment circuit power end and connect the vacuum pipe interface of vacuum lead.
Assembling mode of the present invention is:
1. nose swab is loaded in nose swab frame, insert from the front end face of specimen holder, and closely cooperate with ejecting mechanism, two detectors are arranged on the left and right sides of specimen holder respectively, two detectors connect again an advance signal treatment circuit respectively, and two advance signal treatment circuits are also arranged on the left and right sides of specimen holder respectively;
2., after above-mentioned specimen holder being put into vacuum chamber, front and rear end is respectively towards forward and backward seal pad, and correspondence connects upper signaling interface, power interface and vacuum pipe interface, and is locked by latch mechanism by specimen holder;
3. close the front seal pad of vacuum chamber, vacuumize, discharge the air in seal chamber, then start to measure.
4. measure after terminating, recover vacuum chamber air, open front seal pad, take out specimen holder, take out nose swab frame by ejecting mechanism, after changing nose swab, can again measure.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: adopt the nasal swabs of personnel to be measured as target detection thing, nose swab is inserted specimen holder, specimen holder both sides are provided with detection circuit, and entirety are put into vacuum chamber and vacuumize and measure, because sample and detector distance are fixed, double detector composition dual-surface stereo is measured, in conjunction with vacuumizing, greatly increasing detection efficiency, reducing detection limit.
As preferably: described nose swab frame is the rectangle schistose texture vertically arranged, nose swab frame is provided with two and runs through its double-edged through hole, two through hole horizontal distribution, is provided with the draw-in groove of several levels between two through hole, the bar portion of nose swab can be connected in draw-in groove, and head is positioned at a through hole.
As preferably: described latch mechanism is provided with a field generator, the positive pole of field generator is positioned at the end face that ejecting mechanism and nose swab bridge joint touch, negative pole is positioned at vacuum chamber inwall and just right with specimen holder left and right side, described nose swab frame tow sides are provided with becket, and when nose swab frame and ejecting mechanism closely cooperate, becket is communicated with field generator positive pole.
Increase by a field generator in the present invention, make to form electric field between nose swab frame and detector, what the becket due to nose swab frame connected is positive pole, and negative pole is positioned at vacuum chamber inwall and just right with specimen holder left and right side, to form the electric field vertical with nose swab frame.This structure causes the α particle originally do not launched towards detector to enter to inject detector under electric field action, improves detection efficiency.
This structure, can not block the head of nose swab, easily can be assemblied on nose swab frame by nose swab, and disassemble easily, and when nose swab frame inserts after in specimen holder, multiple nose swab distributes up and down, does not affect the measurement of detector.
As preferably: described detector is circular, its test surface is parallel with the nose swab frame in insertion specimen holder.Such double detector forms 4 π measurement in spaces, greatly increases detection efficiency.
As preferably: described nose swab frame, specimen holder all adopt polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material to make.Prevent from, because Electrostatic Absorption or equipment vibrations cause faint charge signal measuring system to produce unnecessary interference, affecting measuring system stability.
As preferably: detector and advance signal treatment circuit are all fixed on specimen holder by a support, and are arranged in vacuum chamber.Between such detector and advance signal treatment circuit, signal wire is shorter, and decrease the input circuit electric capacity of conductor signal decay and front end circuit, the signal of acquisition is truer.
As preferably: described becket is positioned at the edge of through hole.After nose swab installation, head is positioned at through hole, and becket is positioned at the edge of through hole, and electric field can better be made headward, is convenient to measure.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation after the present invention assembles;
Fig. 2 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram of vacuum chamber;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of specimen holder in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of nose swab frame.
In figure: 1, nose swab frame; 11, head; 12, bar portion; 13, through hole; 14, draw-in groove; 2, specimen holder; 21, ejecting mechanism; 22, detector; 23, advance signal treatment circuit; 24, latch mechanism; 25, support; 3, vacuum chamber; 31, front seal pad; 32, rear seal pad; 33, signaling interface; 34, power interface; 35, vacuum pipe interface.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1: see Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, a kind of for alpha activity internal contamination nose swab pick-up unit, comprise the nose swab frame 1 installing nose swab, specimen holder 2, the vacuum chamber 3 of installing nose swab frame 1, described nose swab is made up of bar portion 12 and head 11, and head 11 is enclosed with filter membrane;
Described nose swab frame 1 can install at least one nose swab, and does not block the head 11 of nose swab;
Described specimen holder 2 is the cuboid of horizontal positioned, inner hollow, comprise left surface, right flank, front end face, rear end face, four faces all have window, in specimen holder 2, rear end face place is provided with ejecting mechanism 21, nose swab frame 1 can insert from specimen holder 2 front end face, and closely cooperates with ejecting mechanism 21;
Specimen holder 2 left and right sides is arranged with a detector 22, and described detector 22 connects an advance signal treatment circuit 23 respectively, and detector 22 center is just to nose swab head 11 center in nose swab frame 1;
Described vacuum chamber 3 comprises front seal pad 31 and rear seal pad 32, front seal pad 31 overturns with vacuum chamber 3 and is connected, specimen holder 2 is positioned at vacuum chamber 3, front and rear end is respectively towards forward and backward seal pad 32, left and right side is provided with the latch mechanism 24 be fixed in vacuum chamber 3, rear seal pad 32 be provided with connect advance signal treatment circuit 23 signaling interface 33, connect the power interface 34 of detector 22 and advance signal treatment circuit 23 power end and connect the vacuum pipe interface 35 of vacuum lead.
In the present embodiment, described nose swab frame 1 is the rectangle schistose texture vertically arranged, nose swab frame 1 is provided with two and runs through its double-edged through hole 13, two through hole 13 horizontal distribution, the draw-in groove 14 of several levels is provided with between two through hole 13, the bar portion 12 of nose swab can be connected in draw-in groove 14, and head 11 is positioned at a through hole 13; Described detector 22 is circular, and its test surface is parallel with the nose swab frame 1 inserted in specimen holder 2; Described nose swab frame 1, specimen holder 2 all adopt polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material to make; Detector 22 and advance signal treatment circuit 23 are all fixed on specimen holder 2 by a support 25.
Embodiment 2:
For the ease of actual emulation, we provide the concrete size of product, vacuum chamber 3: length × wide × height is: 234mm × 132mm × 102mm; Nose swab frame 1: length × wide × Gao Weiwei: 102mm × 56mm × 6mm.
Owing to market there is no the alpha activity internal contamination nose swab detector of standard, and only carry out chemical treatment and make plating sheet after adopt general alpha activity surveying instrument to carry out alpha activity measurement, detector 22 and the sample of general alpha activity surveying instrument are horizontal positioned, between them, mutual structural relation is surperficial parallel and the structure of position upper and lower relation, detector 22 only has one, that is to say that general alpha activity surveying instrument can only measure a surface of sample, to that is to say in our prior art often says close to 2 π measurements.
The alpha activity that the present invention is directed to nose swab is measured, and has made Special sample holder 2 for placing nose swab; 2 detectors 22 are vertical placement with by nose swab frame 1 support 25, and the position mutual relationship between them is surperficial parallel and the distribution of left, center, right, position, and sample is between two detectors 22, and central coaxial is symmetrical.Therefore, for sample, can measure two faces of sample, and 11, the head of nose swab is as little ellipsoid shape, 4 π often said close to us measure.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of embodiment 2, increase electric field, namely on latch mechanism 24, be provided with a field generator interface, the end face that positive pole and the ejecting mechanism 21 of field generator contact with nose swab frame 1 is connected, negative pole is connected with detector 22 shell of specimen holder 2 left and right side, and described nose swab frame 1 tow sides are provided with becket, and when nose swab frame 1 closely cooperates with ejecting mechanism 21, becket is communicated with field generator positive pole, and described becket is positioned at the edge of through hole 13.
That is, after nose swab inserts nose swab frame 1, positive pole is positioned on nose swab frame 1, and negative pole is positioned at vacuum chamber 3 inwall and just right with specimen holder 2 left and right side, to form the electric field vertical with nose swab frame 1.This structure causes the α particle originally do not launched towards detector 22 to enter to inject detector 22 under electric field action.
For the product size of embodiment 2,3, we carry out actual measurement, by the nose swab of two known activity, namely nose swab, be arranged in nose swab frame 1, nose swab frame 1 is put into specimen holder 2, after assembling specimen holder 2 and circuit, close vacuum chamber 3, vacuumize, start to measure.
Wherein, known sample activity and Measuring Time, measure for 2 π, 4 π measure and 4 π of added electric field measure three kinds of different test conditions, we draw following table 1:
Table 1: under three kinds of conditions, nose swab measures the efficiency table of comparisons
As can be seen from Table 1, two nose swabs are sample, and sample activity is 978Bq, and Measuring Time is 180s.Measure for 2 π, 4 π measure and 4 π of added electric field measure three kinds of different test conditions, we draw same sample count value, measure activity, according to the ratio measuring activity and sample activity, calculate detection efficiency of the present invention and be significantly improved.
But because background counting rate is low, sample-out count time lengthening is 30 minutes by we, be respectively 2,0 and 0 for sample-out count under metering system in common Alpha-ray 2 π measurements, 4 π measurements of the present invention and added electric field of the present invention 4 π measurement three, illustrate that sample-out count is negligible under measuring condition of the present invention.
It can thus be appreciated that our detection efficiency is about 58%.Measure us and demarcate efficiency value according to detection efficiency so, when needs detect test crowd, we, according to the efficiency value of measurement activity and demarcation, can calculate the activity value of reality.
Short, the applicable Mass screening in enormous quantities of detection time of the present invention is measured.
Claims (7)
1. for an alpha activity internal contamination nose swab pick-up unit, it is characterized in that: comprise the nose swab frame installing nose swab, specimen holder, the vacuum chamber of installing nose swab frame, described nose swab is made up of bar portion and head, and head is enclosed with filter membrane;
Described nose swab frame can install at least one nose swab, and does not block the head of nose swab;
Described specimen holder is the cuboid of horizontal positioned, and inner hollow comprises left surface, right flank, front end face, rear end face, four faces all have window, in specimen holder, rear end face place is provided with ejecting mechanism, and nose swab frame can insert from specimen holder front end face, and closely cooperates with ejecting mechanism;
The specimen holder left and right sides is arranged with a detector, and described detector connects an advance signal treatment circuit respectively, and detector center is just to the nose swab head center in nose swab frame;
Described vacuum chamber comprises front seal pad and rear seal pad, front seal pad connects with vacuum chamber upset, specimen holder is positioned at vacuum chamber, front and rear end is respectively towards forward and backward seal pad, left and right side is provided with the latch mechanism be fixed in vacuum chamber, be provided with on rear seal pad connect advance signal treatment circuit signaling interface, connect the power interface of detector and advance signal treatment circuit power end and connect the vacuum pipe interface of vacuum lead.
2. one according to claim 1 is used for alpha activity internal contamination nose swab pick-up unit, it is characterized in that: described nose swab frame is the rectangle schistose texture vertically arranged, nose swab frame is provided with two and runs through its double-edged through hole, two through hole horizontal distribution, the draw-in groove of several levels is provided with between two through hole, the bar portion of nose swab can be connected in draw-in groove, and head is positioned at a through hole.
3. one according to claim 1 and 2 is used for alpha activity internal contamination nose swab pick-up unit, it is characterized in that: described latch mechanism is provided with a field generator, the positive pole of field generator is positioned at the end face that ejecting mechanism and nose swab bridge joint touch, negative pole is positioned at vacuum chamber inwall and just right with specimen holder left and right side, described nose swab frame tow sides are provided with becket, and when nose swab frame and ejecting mechanism closely cooperate, becket is communicated with field generator positive pole.
4. one according to claim 1 is used for alpha activity internal contamination nose swab pick-up unit, it is characterized in that: described detector is for circular, and its test surface is parallel with the nose swab frame inserted in specimen holder.
5. one according to claim 1 is used for alpha activity internal contamination nose swab pick-up unit, it is characterized in that: described nose swab frame, specimen holder all adopt polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material to make.
6. one according to claim 1 is used for alpha activity internal contamination nose swab pick-up unit, it is characterized in that: detector and advance signal treatment circuit are all fixed on specimen holder by a support.
7. one according to claim 3 is used for alpha activity internal contamination nose swab pick-up unit, it is characterized in that: described becket is positioned at the edge of through hole.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610139136.XA CN105549061B (en) | 2016-03-11 | 2016-03-11 | One kind is used for pollution nose swab detection means in alpha activity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610139136.XA CN105549061B (en) | 2016-03-11 | 2016-03-11 | One kind is used for pollution nose swab detection means in alpha activity |
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| CN105549061A true CN105549061A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
| CN105549061B CN105549061B (en) | 2018-02-16 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112612049A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-06 | 中广核久源（成都）科技有限公司 | Distance-adjustable vacuum radioactivity detection device and detection method |
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| CN112612049A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-06 | 中广核久源（成都）科技有限公司 | Distance-adjustable vacuum radioactivity detection device and detection method |
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Inventor after: Cheng Yi Inventor after: Tuo Xianguo Inventor after: Yang Guoshan Inventor after: Ji Yunlong Inventor after: Yao Fuliang Inventor after: Li Sangang Inventor after: Zhao Baijun Inventor after: Yu Yunqiang Inventor before: Cheng Yi Inventor before: Tuo Xianguo Inventor before: Yao Fuliang Inventor before: Li Sangang Inventor before: Zhao Baijun Inventor before: Yu Yunqiang |
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Effective date of registration: 20160518 Address after: Three road 610059 Sichuan city of Chengdu province Chenghua District Erxian Qiaodong No. 1 Applicant after: Chengdu University of Technology Applicant after: Emission and Radiation Medical Research Institute Address before: Three road 610059 Sichuan city of Chengdu province Chenghua District Erxian Qiaodong No. 1 Applicant before: Chengdu University of Technology |
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