CN105546812A - 一种卧式反烧燃煤热水锅炉 - Google Patents
一种卧式反烧燃煤热水锅炉 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105546812A CN105546812A CN201610010544.5A CN201610010544A CN105546812A CN 105546812 A CN105546812 A CN 105546812A CN 201610010544 A CN201610010544 A CN 201610010544A CN 105546812 A CN105546812 A CN 105546812A
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- water
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- coal
- smoke
- combustion
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000002441 reversible Effects 0.000 title abstract 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 10
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/44—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
Abstract
本发明公开一种卧式反烧燃煤热水锅炉，它包括由内胆和外胆构成的水冷璧,有水管穿过的燃烧室，水箱与水冷壁相连接，内置六回程的烟管束。其特征在于新风自进风挡板处的两个进风口进入燃烧室，煤块铺于水管上燃烧，挥发分析出的固态炭落于耐火砖上充分燃尽。产生的烟气进入烟管，经各个转火口时烟气方向发生逆转，最后由出烟口排出。燃烧室上方另外开有一个烟囱，用于正烧封炉。通过以上设置本发明实现正压反烧，将煤的挥发分与固态炭分开燃烧，提高了燃烧效率，降低污染物排放；产生的烟气经过烟管与水换热，可以充分利用烟气热量；实现了反烧向正烧转换，用于夜间封炉，避免锅炉频繁启停增加煤耗，整体结构紧凑，便于安装。
Description
技术领域
[0001]本发明涉及热水锅炉，主要涉及卧式反烧燃煤热水锅炉。
背景技术
[0002]现有的立式或卧式热水锅炉多为正烧锅炉，自下而上包括灰斗、炉排、燃烧室、排烟道、水冷壁、烟囱等。煤块自上方加煤口进入燃烧室，处于火焰顶部，煤块燃烧之前先发生干馏，析出挥发分燃烧，变为固态炭后再燃尽，煤自上向下逐渐移动燃烧，但干馏产生的挥发分气体随着烟气从煤层顶部与内部向上流动，这些刚进入燃烧过程的新煤在没达到燃烧至红炭及燃尽之前就过早的变为颗粒烟尘排出炉膛，因此便产生黑烟。
[0003]为克服上述缺陷，现已开发出反烧锅炉，在炉膛中部设置反烧炉排，反烧炉排下部设置钢辊炉排。反烧炉排上面为干馏初燃室，反烧炉排下方为高温反烧室。新煤加在反烧炉排上，首先经过干馏、挥发分燃烧在炉排上形成红炭层，析出的固态炭烟尘随进入的空气强制向下流动，经过高温煤层形成倒火燃烧并完全燃尽，形成无尘烟气。在反烧炉排上燃烧逐渐变小的红炭块将下落到下部钢辊炉排。专利申请号为02200342.8公开的一种小型反烧三次风采暖锅炉与专利申请号为200320101143.9公开的一种反烧式家用暖气炉均为典型的反烧炉。
发明内容
[0004]本发明的目的是解决上述现有技术中的反烧锅炉，因高温煤层氧气供给不足而出现黑烟，烟气热水之间换热效果差，以及无法实现封炉等问题，提供一种保证燃烧充分，换热效果好，能实现封炉不用频繁点火的反烧锅炉。
[0005]为实现上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案如下:
一种卧式反烧燃煤热水锅炉，它包括由内胆和外胆构成的水冷璧(I)，有水管(13)穿过的燃烧室(12)，水箱(11)与水冷壁(I)相连接，内置六回程的烟管束(16)、(17)，锅炉侧面有四个加煤口(18)。其特征在于新风自进风挡板(5)处的两个进风口(4)、(6)进入燃烧室
(12)，煤块铺于贯穿燃烧室的水管上燃烧，挥发分析出的固态炭落于耐火砖面(7)上充分燃尽。烟管束(16)、(17)纵向贯穿水箱(11)，通过转火口(14)、(15)等串接成烟气管道，最后烟气在出烟口(10)由引风机引出。水箱(11)后下方接回水管(19)，燃烧室(12)侧上方接供水管(20)。
[0006]本发明实施方案进一步优选的是，下方的进风口(6)为开梅花口的虚进风口，防止煤块掉出炉膛。新风自下方由进风挡板(5)导流进入进风口，保证新风干净。燃烧室(12)里面的水管(13)连接水箱与侧面水冷壁且向内侧倾斜，倾斜角为2°，一方面防止煤块从侧面漏出，另一方面水管内若产生气泡可及时排除，防止干烧。
[0007]燃烧室(12)上方开有可调节开度的烟囱(3)，在封火状态下可关闭出烟口(10)，打开烟囱(3)，产生烟气直接从烟囱(3)排空，保持封炉状态。在上方转火口开有三个上清灰口(2 )，在下方转火口和燃烧室底部开有五个下清灰口( 9)，方便清灰清渣。各个转火口两侧都开有水冷间隔(8)，水冷间隔两端与水冷壁相连，这样将水冷壁与水箱连成一个整体，保证了水循环的畅通。
[0008]本发明所产生的有益效果是:
由于水管(13)、虚进风口(6)、转火口(14)的高度和位置合理设计，以及保证水管之间合理的间距与倾斜度、铺设耐火砖等措施的综合应用，使水管之上干馏煤层透气良好，在引风机作用下挥发分倒火燃烧充分，产生烟气冲刷底部耐火砖上掉落下来的高温固态炭，使之燃尽。在燃烧室(12)上方另外开有烟囱(3)，当关闭出烟口(10)，打开烟囱(3)与下清灰口
(9)时即可实现锅炉正烧转换，实现了夜间封炉，保证了连续燃烧不停炉。水箱αι)与外围水冷壁(I)相连，各个转火口都由水冷间隔隔开，可以充分利用烟气的热量，又保证了水侧换热均匀，避免出现局部高温。
附图说明
[0009]附图1本发明主视剖视图；
附图2本发明侧视图；
附图3本发明水箱俯视剖视图。
具体实施方式
[0010]说明书附图给出了本发明的一种实施方式。该反烧锅炉，包括由内胆和外胆构成的水冷璧(I)，有水管(13)穿过的燃烧室(12)，水箱(11)与水冷壁(I)相连接，内置六回程的烟管束(16)、(17)，锅炉侧面有四个加煤口(18)。其特征在于新风自进风挡板(5)处的两个进风口(4)、(6)进入燃烧室(12)，煤块铺于贯穿燃烧室的水管上燃烧，挥发分析出的固态炭落于耐火砖面(7)上充分燃尽。烟管束(16)、(17)纵向贯穿水箱(11)，通过转火口(14)、(15)等串接成烟气管道，最后烟气在出烟口(10)由引风机引出。水箱(11)后下方接回水管(19)，燃烧室(12)侧上方接供水管(20 )。
[0011]该反烧炉燃烧室(12)里面的水管(13)连接侧面水冷壁与水箱且向内侧倾斜，倾斜角为2°，一方面防止煤块从侧面漏出，另一方面水管内若产生气泡可及时排除，防止干烧。燃烧室(12)上方开有可调节开度的烟囱(3)，在封火状态下可关闭出烟口(10)，打开烟囱
(3)，产生烟气直接从烟囱(3)排空，实现封炉。
[0012]在上方转火口开有三个上清灰口(2)，在下方转火口和燃烧室底部开有五个下清灰口(9)，方便清灰清渣。新风自下方由进风挡板(5)导流进入进风口，保证新风干净，进风口(6)为开梅花口的虚进风口，增加二次进风的同时，防止煤块掉出炉膛。各个转火口两侧都开有水冷间隔(8)，水冷间隔两端与水冷壁相连，这样将水冷壁与水箱连成一个整体，保证了水循环的畅通。底部铺设耐火砖(7)，掉落的固态炭可在上面燃烧完全。
[0013]本发明反烧燃烧室后侧的转火口(14)衔接水箱(11)内的上行烟管束(16)，上行烟管束(16)出口经上部转火口(15)接下行烟管束(17)的入口，下行烟管束出口接底部转火口
(18)，末端转火口设置的出烟口( 10 )，外部连接引风机。每个转火口之间通过水冷间隔(8 )隔开，水冷间隔连接水箱与外围水冷壁，保证了水循环的畅通。水冷壁外胆与内胆之间设置铁钉固定，防止因压力不稳导致外胆晃动，产生噪音。
Claims (6)
1.一种卧式反烧燃煤热水锅炉，它包括由内胆和外胆构成的水冷璧(I)，有水管(13)穿过的燃烧室(12)，水箱(11)与水冷壁(I)相连接，内置六回程的烟管束(16)、(17)，锅炉侧面有四个加煤口(18);其特征在于进风挡板(5)处的两个进风口(4)、(6)连通燃烧室(12)，水管(13)贯穿燃烧室，整个锅炉底部铺设耐火砖面(7 );烟管束(16)、( 17)纵向贯穿水箱(11)，通过转火口(14)、(15)等串接成烟气管道，出烟口(10)外部接引风机;水箱(11)后下方接回水管(19 )，燃烧室(12)侧上方接供水管(20 )。
2.根据权利要求1所述的卧式反烧燃煤热水锅炉，其特征是:燃烧室(12)里面的水管(13)向内侧倾斜，倾斜角为2°，两端分别连接侧面水冷壁(I)与水箱(11)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的卧式反烧燃煤热水锅炉，其特征是:燃烧室(12)上方开有烟囱(3)，内设可调节开度的阀门。
4.根据权利要求1所述的卧式反烧燃煤热水锅炉，其特征是:下方的进风口(6)为开梅花口的虚进风口。
5.根据权利要求1所述的卧式反烧燃煤热水锅炉:其特征是:在上方转火口开有三个上清灰口(2)，在下方转火口开有三个下清灰口(9)，燃烧室底部开有两个清灰口(9)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的卧式反烧燃煤热水锅炉，其特征是:各个转火口两侧都开有水冷间隔(8)，水冷间隔两端与水冷壁(I)相连。
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Cited By (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106439923A (zh) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-02-22 | 中国矿业大学徐海学院 | 一种家用新型节能环保采暖炉 |
| CN106568192A (zh) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-04-19 | 梁巨峰 | 不使用鼓风机、引风机的大型供暖环保节能锅炉 |
| CN111189067A (zh) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-22 | 湖南三木龙威能源科技股份有限公司 | 一种生物质热水炉 |
| CN111189068A (zh) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-22 | 湖南三木龙威能源科技股份有限公司 | 一种生物质供热炉具 |
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| CN106568192A (zh) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-04-19 | 梁巨峰 | 不使用鼓风机、引风机的大型供暖环保节能锅炉 |
| CN106439923A (zh) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-02-22 | 中国矿业大学徐海学院 | 一种家用新型节能环保采暖炉 |
| CN106439923B (zh) * | 2016-10-27 | 2019-01-29 | 中国矿业大学徐海学院 | 一种家用节能环保采暖炉 |
| CN111189067A (zh) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-22 | 湖南三木龙威能源科技股份有限公司 | 一种生物质热水炉 |
| CN111189068A (zh) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-22 | 湖南三木龙威能源科技股份有限公司 | 一种生物质供热炉具 |
| CN111189069A (zh) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-22 | 湖南三木龙威能源科技股份有限公司 | 一种室内采暖用生物质供热装置 |
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