CN105546108B - Shift-by-wire actuator and shift-by-wire device - Google Patents
Shift-by-wire actuator and shift-by-wire device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105546108B CN105546108B CN201511033834.3A CN201511033834A CN105546108B CN 105546108 B CN105546108 B CN 105546108B CN 201511033834 A CN201511033834 A CN 201511033834A CN 105546108 B CN105546108 B CN 105546108B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/32—Electric motors actuators or related electrical control means therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/32—Electric motors actuators or related electrical control means therefor
- F16H2061/326—Actuators for range selection, i.e. actuators for controlling the range selector or the manual range valve in the transmission
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/02—Selector apparatus
- F16H59/08—Range selector apparatus
- F16H59/10—Range selector apparatus comprising levers
- F16H59/105—Range selector apparatus comprising levers consisting of electrical switches or sensors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a shift-by-wire actuator and a shift-by-wire device, wherein the shift-by-wire actuator comprises a motor, an actuator shell, a speed reducer, a matched screw rod, a screw rod nut, a sliding block, a push rod and a ball bowl connecting rod, wherein two ends of the screw rod are rotatably supported on the actuator shell, the input end of the speed reducer is connected with the output shaft of the motor, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with one end of the screw rod, the sliding block is fixed on the screw rod nut, one side surface of the sliding block is in sliding contact with the inner side surface of the actuator shell to limit the relative rotation between the screw rod nut and the screw rod, one end of the push rod is connected to the sliding block, the other end of the push rod is connected with one end of the ball bowl connecting rod through a ball hinge. The shift-by-wire actuator has high platform universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gear shifting control of an automatic automobile transmission, and particularly relates to a wire-controlled gear shifting actuator and a wire-controlled gear shifting device.
Background
At present, the gear control of an automatic transmission of a mass production vehicle type basically adopts a mechanical inhaul cable flexible shaft control mode. This approach requires a mechanical control mechanism (shifter) at one end of the cable, and the cable needs to pass through the central control area, the floor of the vehicle body or the firewall and the front cabin, with certain requirements for the space area. In the control mode of the inhaul cable flexible shaft, a physical stroke and an operating force are applied to the inhaul cable by the gear shifter to drive the inhaul cable flexible shaft to move. Transmitting force and travel to a control rocker arm on the automatic transmission. The defects of the control mode of the guy cable flexible shaft mainly comprise:
(1) the cable flexible shaft needs to occupy the arrangement space;
(2) the vehicle body needs to be perforated, so that the sealing performance is reduced;
(3) in order to match the force and the stroke of the transmission, the shifter needs to be shaped into a relatively large volume;
(4) due to the characteristics of the flexible cable shaft, friction and gaps are generated, and the operation hand feeling is influenced;
(5) the vibration that the derailleur produced can transmit for the driver through cable flexible axle, selector, influences the travelling comfort.
Chinese patent application No. CN201010104381 discloses a control device for a shift-by-wire vehicle, which includes an operating mechanism (a shifter), an actuator, and a control mechanism, wherein the operating mechanism selects a parking position (P position), a neutral position (N position), or a driving position (D position, S position, R position, and the like) of the vehicle by an operation of a driver, and the control mechanism controls the actuator to change the parking position (P position), the neutral position (N position), or the driving position (D position, R position) of the vehicle.
The actuator of the control device for a shift-by-wire vehicle is a brushless SR motor (switching magnet group motor) that does not use a permanent magnet, and is composed of a rotor rotatably supported and a stator disposed coaxially with the rotation center of the rotor. The rotor includes an output shaft 32 connected to a manual shaft of the automatic transmission.
According to the control device of the shift-by-wire vehicle, the automatic transmission needs to integrate a gear control function (P gear locking and gear control manual valve), a driver transmits a gear signal to the automatic transmission TCU through the operating mechanism, and the TCU realizes the functions of P gear (parking) locking and gear switching through switching on different electromagnetic valves and a series of mechanisms inside the automatic transmission.
As can be seen, the shift control of the control device for a shift-by-wire vehicle is complex; and, can't intervene P to put in a car parking by people, when the derailleur trouble, the vehicle can't freely move.
In addition, an internal related mechanism of the automatic transmission needs to work together with an actuator (a switch magnetic group motor), so that when the automatic transmission is corresponding to different models, the transmission needs to be redesigned, and the platform universality is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a shift-by-wire actuator aiming at the defects that when the existing shift-by-wire actuator corresponds to automatic transmissions of different models, the transmissions need to be redesigned and the platform universality is poor.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the wire-controlled gear shifting actuator comprises a motor, an actuator shell, a speed reducer, a matched screw rod, a screw nut, a sliding block, a pushing rod and a ball bowl connecting rod, wherein two ends of the screw rod are rotatably supported on the actuator shell, the input end of the speed reducer is connected with the output shaft of the motor, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with one end of the screw rod, the sliding block is fixed on the screw nut, one side face of the sliding block is in sliding contact with the inner side face of the actuator shell to limit relative rotation between the screw nut and the screw rod, one end of the pushing rod is connected to the sliding block, the other end of the pushing rod is connected with one end of the ball bowl connecting rod in a ball hinge mode, and the other end of the ball bowl connecting rod is connected.
Further, a P gear position detection micro-switch is arranged on the actuator shell, the P gear position detection micro-switch is located on the stroke of the sliding block, and a P gear position signal is sent out when the P gear position detection micro-switch is in contact with the sliding block.
Further, the slider includes fixed connection's slider body and metal framework, the slider body is the engineering working of plastics, the one end of push rod is fixed on the metal framework, metal framework with executor casing interval sets up, metal framework is provided with a arch, it is just right that the arch is put detection micro-gap switch to P fender position, P keep off position detection micro-gap switch with send P when protruding contact and keep off position signal.
Furthermore, the output end of the speed reducer forms a speed reducer output shaft which is coaxial with the output shaft of the motor, and the speed reducer output shaft is parallel to the screw rod at intervals; the shift-by-wire actuator further comprises a synchronizer connected between the output shaft of the speed reducer and the screw rod, and the synchronizer can transmit the rotation of the output shaft of the speed reducer to the screw rod so as to drive the screw rod to rotate.
Further, the synchronous device is a synchronous belt-synchronous belt pulley group, the synchronous belt-synchronous belt pulley group comprises a main belt pulley, an auxiliary belt pulley and a synchronous belt for connecting the main belt pulley and the auxiliary belt pulley, the outer end of the output shaft of the speed reducer is connected to the central position of the main belt pulley, and the outer end of the lead screw is connected to the central position of the auxiliary belt pulley.
Furthermore, the speed reducer is a planetary gear speed reducer, a sun gear of the planetary gear speed reducer is connected to an output shaft of the motor, a gear ring of the planetary gear speed reducer is relatively fixed with a shell of the motor, and the inner end of an output shaft of the speed reducer is connected to a planet carrier of the planetary gear speed reducer.
Furthermore, the actuator shell comprises a box body with an opening on one side and a sealing cover for hermetically covering the opening of the box body, so that a sealing space is formed between the box body and the sealing cover, and the motor, the speed reducer, the synchronizer, the screw rod nut, the sliding block and the push rod are all arranged in the sealing space; the actuator is characterized in that a first support and a second support are arranged on the actuator shell, a first rolling bearing is installed in the first support in a pressing mode, a second rolling bearing is installed in the second support in a pressing mode, two ends of the screw rod penetrate through inner rings of the first rolling bearing and the second rolling bearing respectively, and a thrust bearing which abuts against the end face of one end, penetrating through the inner ring of the second rolling bearing, of the screw rod is arranged in the second support.
Furthermore, a sliding sleeve is sleeved on the push rod in a sliding mode, the sliding sleeve is fixed in a round hole formed in the actuator shell, and a dustproof sleeve is sleeved on the push rod and located between the sliding sleeve and the ball bowl connecting rod.
Furthermore, the bowl connecting rod comprises a connecting rod body, a rocker bowl, a push rod bowl connecting rod and a connecting rod length adjusting mechanism, wherein a first sleeve is formed at one end of the connecting rod body, the rocker bowl is arranged in the first sleeve, an adjusting groove hole is formed in the connecting rod body along the length direction of the connecting rod body, a second sleeve is formed at one end of the push rod bowl connecting rod, the push rod bowl is arranged in the second sleeve, the other end of the push rod bowl connecting rod is inserted into the adjusting groove hole, and the connecting rod length adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the depth of the push rod bowl connecting rod inserted into the connecting rod body so as to adjust the length of the bowl connecting rod;
the other end of the push rod is connected with the push rod ball bowl through a ball pin, and the rocker arm ball bowl is connected with the outer end of a gear shifting rocker arm of the automatic automobile transmission through a ball pin.
Furthermore, a damping rubber ring is embedded in the first sleeve, a locking lining is embedded in the damping rubber ring, two ends of the damping rubber ring protrude out of the first sleeve, a first flange is formed at one end of the damping rubber ring, a second flange is formed at the other end of the damping rubber ring, a locking lining is arranged on the first flange, two ends of the locking lining protrude out of the first sleeve, an inverted hook portion is formed at one end of the locking lining, a flanging is formed at the other end of the locking lining, the locking lining and the second flange are respectively pressed by the inverted hook portion and the flanging in opposite directions, and the rocker ball bowl is arranged in the locking lining.
Further, the connecting rod length adjustment mechanism comprises a thread locking plug, a locking hole communicated with the adjusting groove hole is formed in the connecting rod body, an external thread is formed at one end, inserted into the adjusting groove hole, of the push rod ball bowl connecting rod, the thread locking plug is provided with an internal thread meshed with the external thread, the thread locking plug is inserted into the locking hole, and the depth of the connecting rod body is locked by means of meshing of the internal thread and the external thread when the push rod ball bowl connecting rod is inserted into the connecting rod body.
Furthermore, the connecting rod length adjusting mechanism further comprises an anti-drop ring with openings at two ends and a return spring, the end with the smaller opening of the anti-drop ring is sleeved on the push rod ball bowl connecting rod, the end with the larger opening of the anti-drop ring is sleeved at the end, close to the push rod ball bowl, of the connecting rod body, the end with the larger opening of the anti-drop ring extends outwards to form an anti-drop part, and the anti-drop part compresses the thread locking plug inserted into the lock hole; one end of the reset spring is supported at the bottom of the adjusting groove hole, and the other end of the reset spring is supported on the end face of one end, close to the rocker arm ball bowl, of the push rod ball bowl connecting rod.
According to the shift-by-wire actuator, the shift-by-wire actuator is completely independent of an automatic transmission of an automobile, the ball cup connecting rod of the shift-by-wire actuator is only connected with the outer end of a shift rocker of the automatic transmission through a ball hinge, when the shift is performed, the rotation of a motor is transmitted to a screw rod through the torque-increasing and speed-reducing effects of a speed reducer, so that the screw rod rotates, the screw rod rotates to drive a screw rod nut matched with the screw rod to slide along the length direction of the screw rod, the screw rod further drives a push rod fixedly connected with the screw rod nut to move in a linear mode along the axial direction of the screw rod, and the two ends of the ball cup connecting rod are respectively connected with the push rod and the shift rocker through the ball hinge, so that the outer end of the shift rocker can be driven to rotate around the. Therefore, the shift-by-wire actuator can complete shift-by-wire without any mechanism in the automatic transmission, and the automatic transmission does not need to integrate a gear control function (P-gear locking and gear control manual valve), so that the automobile with the shift-by-wire actuator has a simple structure and is easy to control. When the transmission fails, the automatic transmission can be released from the P-range parking by the shift-by-wire actuator, so that the vehicle can move. More importantly, based on the shift-by-wire actuator of the shift-by-wire actuator, the original automatic transmission of the automobile does not need to be changed in structure, so that when the shift-by-wire actuator corresponds to automatic transmissions of different models, the automatic transmission does not need to be redesigned, the mechanical structure of the shift-by-wire actuator does not need to be changed, and only the control strategy (software part) of the motor needs to be changed, so that the shift-by-wire actuator has higher platform universality, the development and design period of the automobile can be shortened, and the research and development expenses can be saved.
In addition, the invention also provides a shift-by-wire device, which comprises a shift-by-wire shifter, a shift controller and the shift-by-wire actuator, wherein the shift controller is respectively connected with the shift-by-wire shifter and the shift-by-wire actuator through a wire harness; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the shift-by-wire shifter is used for acquiring the shifting intention of a driver and sending the intention to the shift controller through an electric signal;
the gear shifting controller converts the received electric signal into a control signal and sends the control signal to a motor of the gear shifting actuator so as to control the rotating speed and the torque output of the motor;
and the shift-by-wire actuator converts the rotation of the motor into the motion of a spherical bowl connecting rod of the shift-by-wire actuator so as to drive a shifting rocker arm of the automatic automobile transmission, which is connected with the spherical bowl connecting rod through a spherical hinge, to move to a corresponding gear.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembled schematic view of a shift-by-wire actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention (the actuator housing is partially cut away);
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a shift-by-wire actuator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention (with the actuator housing removed).
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a shift-by-wire apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention connected to an automatic transmission of a vehicle;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a ball cup link of the shift-by-wire apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the drawings of the specification are as follows:
1. a shift-by-wire actuator; 10. an actuator housing; 11. a transmission member; 12. a sealing cover; 13. a box body; 111. a motor; 112. a motor bracket; 113. a push rod; 114. a sliding sleeve; 115. a dust-proof sleeve; 116. a ball pin; 117. a bowl connecting rod; 1171. a connecting rod body; 11711. a first sleeve; 11712. adjusting the slotted hole; 11713. a lock hole; 1172. a rocker arm ball bowl; 1173. a push rod ball bowl; 1174. a push rod and bowl connecting rod; 11741. a second sleeve; 1175. a connecting rod length adjustment mechanism; 11751. a threaded locking plug; 11752. the anti-drop ring; 11753. an anti-drop part; 11754. a return spring; 1176. a vibration damping rubber ring; 11761. a first flange; 11762. a second flange; 1177. locking the bushing; 11771. a barb portion; 11772. flanging; 1178. a locking lining; 118. a second support; 119. a P-gear position detection microswitch; 120. a slider; 1201. a slider body; 1202. a metal skeleton; 12021. a protrusion; 121. a feed screw nut; 122. a screw rod; 123. a first support; 124. a secondary pulley; 125. a synchronous belt; 126. a harness receptacle; 127. a primary pulley; 128. a speed reducer; 129. a reducer bracket;
2. a shift by wire;
3. a shift controller;
4. an automatic transmission; 41. the rocking arm shifts.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a shift-by-wire actuator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a transmission member 11 and an actuator housing 10, where the actuator housing 10 includes a box 13 having an opening on one side and a sealing cover 12 for sealing and covering the opening of the box 13, so that a sealing space is formed between the box 13 and the sealing cover 12.
The transmission part 11 comprises a motor 111, a speed reducer 128, a synchronizer, a matched screw rod 122 and screw rod nut 121, a slide block 120, a push rod 113 and a ball bowl connecting rod 117. The motor 111, the reducer 128, the synchronizer, the matched screw rod 122 and screw nut 121, the slider 120 and the push rod 113 of the transmission part 11 are arranged in the sealed space formed between the box body 13 and the sealing cover 12, and the outer end of the push rod 113 extends out of the actuator shell 10. Therefore, the shift-by-wire actuator has better sealing performance.
The motor 111 here is a dc brushless permanent magnet motor, which is square in shape, and outputs a certain rotational speed and torque by controlling power output through a shift controller. When the model is selected, the motor is required to have the advantages of small volume, high temperature resistance, high humidity resistance and vibration resistance. In addition, the motor 111 is provided with three Hall sensors, and the accurate control of the motor 1/6 circles can be realized.
In this embodiment, the motor 111 is fixed to the actuator housing 10 by the motor bracket 112.
The screw 122 is preferably a ball screw. The lead screw 122 is engaged with the lead screw nut 121 to convert the rotational motion into a linear motion. The ball screw and the screw nut have the advantages of small friction, high efficiency, low noise, large self-locking torque and the like.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the slider 120 includes two parts, namely a slider body 1201 and a metal frame 1202, which are fixedly connected together, the metal frame 1202 is disposed at an interval from the actuator housing 10, the slider body 1201 is fixed on the lead screw nut 121 through a stud, and one side surface of the slider body 1201 is in sliding contact with an inner side surface of the actuator housing 10 to limit the relative rotation between the lead screw nut 121 and the lead screw 122, so that when the lead screw 122 rotates, the lead screw nut 121 can only move linearly.
The slider body 1201 is made of engineering plastics with good lubricating property and wear resistance, such as POM (polyoxymethylene), so that the frictional resistance between the slider body 1201 and the actuator housing 10 is reduced, and the wear of the slider is reduced. In addition, because the strength of the engineering plastic is not enough, the metal framework 1202 is arranged to enhance the connection strength of the sliding block 120 and the push rod 113.
As shown in fig. 2, one end of the push rod 113 is fixed to the metal frame 1202. The other end is connected with one end of the ball bowl connecting rod 117 through a ball pin 116 in a ball hinge mode. As shown in fig. 3, the other end of the ball-and-socket link 117 is connected to the outer end of the shift rocker arm 41 of the automatic transmission 4 by a ball pin ball joint.
Because the space arrangement of the push rod 113 and the shifting rocker arm 41 is irregular (not in the same plane range), both ends of the ball bowl connecting rod 117 connecting the push rod 113 and the shifting rocker arm 41 are designed to be in a ball hinge mode. Thus, the ball-bowl linkage 117 can always push the outer end of the shifting rocker arm 41 in a tangential direction, thereby driving the outer end of the shifting rocker arm 41 to rotate around the inner end thereof.
As shown in fig. 2, a P-gear position detection microswitch 119 is arranged on the actuator housing, the P-gear position detection microswitch 119 is located on the stroke of the slider 120, the metal framework 1202 is provided with a protrusion 12021, the protrusion 12021 is just opposite to the P-gear position detection microswitch 119, and the P-gear position detection microswitch 119 sends out a P-gear position signal when contacting with the protrusion 12021. Because the gear shifting actuator has certain efficiency loss during transmission, and meanwhile, the gear shifting rocker arm and the gear shifting actuator at the transmission end have certain accumulated errors in the manufacturing process, position calibration is required in the cyclic gear shifting process, and therefore, a P gear position detection microswitch is set in the P gear position and used for calibrating the P gear starting position.
As shown in fig. 2, the actuator housing 10 is provided with a first support 123 and a second support 118, the first support 123 and the second support 118 are respectively press-fitted with a first rolling bearing and a second rolling bearing (not shown), two ends of the screw rod 122 respectively penetrate through inner rings of the first rolling bearing and the second rolling bearing, and the second support 118 is provided with a thrust bearing (not shown) that abuts against an end face of one end of the screw rod 122 that penetrates through the inner ring of the second rolling bearing. Thus, the two ends of the screw rod 122 realize axial and radial positioning, and the self-rotating function of the screw rod can be satisfied. As a result, both ends of the spindle 122 are rotatably supported on the actuator housing 10.
As shown in fig. 2, the actuator housing 10 is provided with a wire harness connector 126, and the P-position detection microswitch 119 and the motor 111 are connected to the wire harness connector 16 by a wire harness. Of course, three hall sensors in the motor are also connected to the wire harness plug by the wire harness. The harness plug 126 is provided with a socket so that, as shown in fig. 3, the shift control 3 can be connected directly to the shift-by-wire actuator 1 via a plug-in harness. The wire harness plug-in piece 126 enables the wire harness inside the drive-by-wire shifter to be regular in direction. Moreover, the electrical signal of the shift-by-wire actuator 1 is received and transmitted through the wire harness plug-in connector 126, so that the platform universality of the shift-by-wire actuator 1 is further improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the input end of the speed reducer 128 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 111, and the output end is connected to a synchronizer. The output end of the reducer 128 forms a reducer output shaft (not shown) coaxial with the output shaft of the motor 111, and the reducer output shaft is spaced parallel to the screw 122; the synchronizer is arranged between the output shaft of the speed reducer and the screw rod 122, and can transmit the rotation of the output shaft of the speed reducer to the screw rod 122 so as to drive the screw rod 122 to rotate.
Due to the limited space, the motor 111, the reducer 128 and the lead screw 122 are difficult to be arranged on the same straight line, so that the rotation motion on one axis is transmitted to the other parallel axis by means of a synchronization device.
As shown in fig. 2, the synchronizing device is a synchronous belt-synchronous belt pulley set, the synchronous belt-synchronous belt pulley set comprises a main belt pulley 127, an auxiliary belt pulley 124 and a synchronous belt 125 connecting the main belt pulley 127 and the auxiliary belt pulley 124, the outer end of the output shaft of the speed reducer is connected with the central position of the main belt pulley 127 through a shaft hole and a locking screw, and the outer end of the screw rod 122 is connected with the central position of the auxiliary belt pulley 125 through a shaft hole and a locking screw. In addition, since the shift controller precisely controls the gear position according to the number of rotation turns of the motor 111, the synchronous belt-synchronous pulley set is required to have a high efficiency, so that a ladder-shaped tooth synchronous belt/synchronous pulley set which is commonly used in engineering is selected. In addition, the synchronous belt can weaken vibration transmission generated by the motor and the speed reducer, and the NVH performance is improved.
In this embodiment, the speed reducer 128 is a planetary gear speed reducer, a sun gear of the planetary gear speed reducer is connected to an output shaft of the motor 111, a ring gear of the planetary gear speed reducer is relatively fixed to a housing of the motor 111, and an inner end of an output shaft of the speed reducer is connected to a planet carrier of the planetary gear speed reducer. The planet wheel speed reducer is small in size, can provide a large reduction ratio, and is small in transmission torque. Since the torque transmission on the gear shift actuator itself is relatively small, it is appropriate to use a planetary gear reducer here. The reducer 128 serves to reduce the speed and increase the torque.
As shown in fig. 2, a sliding sleeve 114 is slidably sleeved on the push rod 113, the sliding sleeve 114 is fixed in a circular hole formed in the actuator housing 10, and the push rod 113 is radially positioned by the sliding sleeve 114. In addition, a dustproof sleeve 115 is sleeved on the push rod 113 at a position between the sliding sleeve 114 and the bowl connecting rod 117. The dust-proof sleeve 115 can seal and prevent dust in the gap between the push rod 113 and the circular hole of the actuator housing 10.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the ball-bowl connecting rod 117 includes a connecting rod body 1171, a rocker arm ball bowl 1172, a push rod ball bowl 1173, a push rod ball bowl connecting rod 1174, and a connecting rod length adjusting mechanism 1175, wherein a first bushing 11711 is formed at one end of the connecting rod body 1171, the rocker arm ball bowl 1172 is disposed in the first bushing 11711, an adjusting slot 11712 is formed in the connecting rod body 1171 along a length direction of the connecting rod body 1171, a second bushing 11741 is formed at one end of the push rod ball bowl connecting rod 1174, the push rod ball bowl 1173 is disposed in the second bushing 11741, the other end of the push rod ball bowl connecting rod 1174 is inserted into the adjusting slot 11712, and the connecting rod length adjusting mechanism 1175 is configured to adjust a depth of the push rod ball bowl connecting rod 1174 inserted into the adjusting slot 11712 of the connecting rod body 1171, so as to adjust the length of the ball bowl connecting rod.
In this embodiment, the other end of the push rod 113 is connected to the push rod ball 1173 through a ball pin 116, and the rocker arm ball 1172 is connected to the outer end of the shift rocker arm 41 of the automatic transmission through a ball pin (not shown).
As shown in fig. 4, a damping rubber ring 1176 is embedded in the first sleeve 11711, a locking bush 1177 is embedded in the damping rubber ring 1176, two ends of the damping rubber ring 1176 protrude out of the first sleeve 11711, a first flange 11761 is formed at one end of the damping rubber ring 1176, a second flange 11762 is formed at the other end of the damping rubber ring 1176, a locking bush 1178 is arranged on the first flange 11761, two ends of the locking bush 1177 protrude out of the first sleeve 11711, a barb 11771 is formed at one end of the locking bush 1177, a flanging 11772 is formed at the other end of the locking bush 1177, the barb 11771 and the flanging 11772 respectively press the locking bush 1178 and the second flange 11762 from opposite directions, and the rocker arm ball 1172 is arranged in the locking bush 1177.
As shown in fig. 4, the link length adjusting mechanism 1175 includes a thread locking plug 11751 and a slip-proof ring 11752, a lock hole 11713 communicated with the adjusting slot 11712 is arranged on the link body 1171, an external thread is formed at one end of the push rod ball-bowl link 1174 inserted into the adjusting slot 11712, the thread locking plug 11751 is formed with an internal thread engaged with the external thread, the thread locking plug 11751 is inserted into the lock hole 11713, and the depth of the push rod ball-bowl link 1174 inserted into the link body 1171 is locked by the engagement of the internal thread and the external thread.
As shown in fig. 4, the smaller opening end of the anti-slip ring 11752 is sleeved on the putter ball bowl connecting rod 1174, the larger opening end is sleeved on the end of the connecting rod body 1171 close to the putter ball bowl 1173, the larger opening end of the anti-slip ring 11752 extends outwards to form an anti-slip part 11753, the anti-slip part 11753 can rotate relative to the connecting rod body 1171, and when the thread locking plug 11751 is not inserted into the lock hole 11713, the anti-slip part 11753 is suspended; when the screw lock plug 11751 is fully inserted into the lock hole 11713, rotating the anti-slip ring 11752 causes the anti-slip portion 11753 to press against the screw lock plug 11751.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4, the link length adjustment mechanism further includes a return spring 11754, one end of the return spring 11754 is supported at the bottom of the adjustment slot 11712, and the other end is supported on an end surface of the putter ball bowl link 1174 close to the rocker arm ball bowl 1172.
According to the shift-by-wire actuator of the embodiment of the invention, the shift-by-wire actuator is completely independent from an automatic transmission of an automobile, the rotation of the motor is transmitted to the screw rod through the torque-increasing and speed-reducing effects of the speed reducer during gear shifting, so that the screw rod rotates, the rotation of the screw rod drives the screw rod nut matched with the screw rod to slide along the length direction of the screw rod, the sliding movement fixedly connected with the screw rod nut is further driven, the sliding block drives the push rod fixedly connected with the sliding block to linearly move along the axial direction of the sliding block, and as the two ends of the ball bowl connecting rod are respectively connected with the push rod and the shift rocker arm through the ball hinge, the ball bowl connecting rod can drive the outer end of the shift rocker arm to rotate around the inner end of the shift rocker arm, so that the shift rocker arm moves to a corresponding. Therefore, the shift-by-wire actuator can complete shift-by-wire without any mechanism in the automatic transmission, and the automatic transmission does not need to integrate a gear control function (P-gear locking and gear control manual valve), so that the automobile with the shift-by-wire actuator has a simple structure and is easy to control. When the transmission fails, the automatic transmission can be released from the P-range parking by the shift-by-wire actuator, so that the vehicle can move. More importantly, based on the shift-by-wire actuator of the shift-by-wire actuator, the original automatic transmission of the automobile does not need to be changed in structure, so that when the shift-by-wire actuator corresponds to automatic transmissions of different models, the automatic transmission does not need to be redesigned, the mechanical structure of the shift-by-wire actuator does not need to be changed, and only the control strategy (software part) of the motor needs to be changed, so that the shift-by-wire actuator has higher platform universality, the development and design period of the automobile can be shortened, and the research and development expenses can be saved.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a shift-by-wire apparatus, which includes a shift-by-wire actuator 1, a shift-by-wire shifter 2, and a shift controller 3. The gear shifting controller 3 is respectively connected with the shift-by-wire shifter 2 and the shift-by-wire actuator 1 through a wire harness. The gear shifting controller 3 is a control center of the whole shift-by-wire device, and all control strategies are implemented after logical judgment is carried out through the gear shifting controller 3.
The shift-by-wire selector 2 collects the driver's intention to shift and sends the intention to the shift controller 3 by an electric signal. The gear shifting controller 3 is installed on the shift-by-wire device 2, is composed of 1 PCB circuit board and can be independently detached from the shift-by-wire device 2.
The shift controller 3 converts the received electric signal into a control signal and sends the control signal to the motor 111 of the shift actuator 1, so as to control the rotation speed and torque output of the motor 111.
The shift-by-wire actuator 1 converts the rotation of the motor 111 into the linear motion of the lead screw 122 after the rotation is decelerated and torque-increased by the speed reducer 128 and the synchronizer, and linearly pushes the push rod 113 through the slider 120 fixedly connected with the lead screw nut 121, and the push rod 113 pushes the ball cup connecting rod 117 to move, so as to drive the shift rocker arm 41 of the automatic transmission of the automobile, which is connected with the ball cup connecting rod 117 through a ball hinge, to move to a corresponding gear, thereby completing one-time gear shifting. Thus, the rotation of the electric motor 111 is finally converted into the movement of the ball cup link 117 of the shift-by-wire actuator to drive the shifting rocker arm 41 of the automatic transmission, which is connected with the ball cup link 117 in a ball pivot joint, to move to the corresponding gear.
The related art of the drive-by-wire shifter can refer to the chinese patent application with the application number CN 201010104381. Other patent documents also describe a large number of documents. Therefore, the present application does not describe the shift by wire in detail.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A line control gear shifting actuator is characterized by comprising a motor, an actuator shell, a speed reducer, a matched screw rod, a screw nut, a sliding block, a push rod and a ball bowl connecting rod, wherein two ends of the screw rod are rotatably supported on the actuator shell, the input end of the speed reducer is connected with the output shaft of the motor, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with one end of the screw rod, the sliding block is fixed on the screw nut, one side surface of the sliding block is in sliding contact with the inner side surface of the actuator shell so as to limit the relative rotation between the screw nut and the screw rod, one end of the push rod is connected to the sliding block, the other end of the push rod is connected with one end of the ball bowl connecting rod in a ball hinge mode, and the other end of the ball bowl connecting rod.
2. The shift-by-wire actuator of claim 1 wherein a P-position detection microswitch is provided on the actuator housing, the P-position detection microswitch being on the stroke of the slide, the P-position detection microswitch signaling a P-position when in contact with the slide.
3. The shift-by-wire actuator of claim 2, wherein the slider comprises a slider body and a metal skeleton, the slider body is made of engineering plastic, one end of the push rod is fixed on the metal skeleton, the metal skeleton is spaced from the actuator housing, the metal skeleton is provided with a protrusion, the protrusion faces the P-position detection microswitch, and the P-position detection microswitch sends a P-position signal when contacting the protrusion.
4. The shift-by-wire actuator of claim 1 wherein the output of the reducer forms a reducer output shaft coaxial with the output shaft of the motor, the reducer output shaft being spaced parallel to the lead screw; the shift-by-wire actuator further comprises a synchronizer connected between the output shaft of the speed reducer and the screw rod, and the synchronizer can transmit the rotation of the output shaft of the speed reducer to the screw rod so as to drive the screw rod to rotate.
5. The shift-by-wire actuator of claim 4, wherein the synchronizer is a synchronous belt-synchronous pulley set comprising a primary pulley, a secondary pulley and a synchronous belt connecting the primary pulley and the secondary pulley, the outer end of the output shaft of the speed reducer is connected to the central position of the primary pulley, and the outer end of the lead screw is connected to the central position of the secondary pulley.
6. The shift-by-wire actuator of claim 5, wherein the gear reducer is a planetary gear reducer, a sun gear of the planetary gear reducer is connected to an output shaft of the motor, a ring gear of the planetary gear reducer is fixed relative to a housing of the motor, and an inner end of the output shaft of the gear reducer is connected to a planet carrier of the planetary gear reducer.
7. The shift-by-wire actuator of claim 6, wherein the actuator housing comprises a case open at one side and a sealing cover for sealing and covering the opening of the case, thereby forming a sealed space between the case and the sealing cover, and the motor, the reducer, the synchronizer, the lead screw nut, the slider, and the push rod are all disposed in the sealed space; the actuator is characterized in that a first support and a second support are arranged on the actuator shell, a first rolling bearing is installed in the first support in a pressing mode, a second rolling bearing is installed in the second support in a pressing mode, two ends of the screw rod penetrate through inner rings of the first rolling bearing and the second rolling bearing respectively, and a thrust bearing which abuts against the end face of one end, penetrating through the inner ring of the second rolling bearing, of the screw rod is arranged in the second support.
8. The shift-by-wire actuator of claim 1, wherein a sliding sleeve is slidably received on the push rod, the sliding sleeve is fixed in a circular hole formed in the actuator housing, and a dust-proof sleeve is sleeved on the push rod at a position between the sliding sleeve and the bowl connecting rod.
9. The shift-by-wire actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the bowl link comprises a link body, a rocker bowl, a push rod bowl link and a link length adjustment mechanism, wherein a first sleeve is formed at one end of the link body, the rocker bowl is arranged in the first sleeve, an adjustment slot hole is formed in the link body along the length direction of the link body, a second sleeve is formed at one end of the push rod bowl link, the push rod bowl is arranged in the second sleeve, the other end of the push rod bowl link is inserted into the adjustment slot hole, and the link length adjustment mechanism is used for adjusting the depth of the push rod bowl link inserted into the link body so as to adjust the length of the bowl link;
the other end of the push rod is connected with the push rod ball bowl through a ball pin, and the rocker arm ball bowl is connected with the outer end of a gear shifting rocker arm of the automatic automobile transmission through a ball pin.
10. The shift-by-wire actuator of claim 9, wherein a damping rubber ring is embedded in the first sleeve, a locking bushing is embedded in the damping rubber ring, two ends of the damping rubber ring protrude out of the first sleeve, a first flange is formed at one end of the damping rubber ring, a second flange is formed at the other end of the damping rubber ring, a locking lining is disposed on the first flange, two ends of the locking bushing protrude out of the first sleeve, a barb portion is formed at one end of the locking bushing, a flange is formed at the other end of the locking bushing, the barb portion and the flange press the locking lining and the second flange respectively from opposite directions, and the rocker arm ball cup is disposed in the locking bushing.
11. The shift-by-wire actuator of claim 10, wherein the linkage length adjustment mechanism comprises a threaded locking plug, the linkage body is provided with a locking hole communicated with the adjustment slot hole, an external thread is formed at one end of the push-rod ball-bowl linkage inserted into the adjustment slot hole, an internal thread meshed with the external thread is formed on the threaded locking plug, the threaded locking plug is inserted into the locking hole, and the depth of the push-rod ball-bowl linkage inserted into the linkage body is locked by the meshing of the internal thread and the external thread.
12. The shift-by-wire actuator of claim 11, wherein the link length adjustment mechanism further comprises an anti-slip ring and a return spring, both ends of the anti-slip ring are open, the end with the smaller opening of the anti-slip ring is sleeved on the push-rod ball-bowl link, the end with the larger opening of the anti-slip ring is sleeved on the end of the link body close to the push-rod ball-bowl, the end with the larger opening of the anti-slip ring extends outwards to form an anti-slip part, and the anti-slip part presses the thread locking plug inserted into the lock hole; one end of the reset spring is supported at the bottom of the adjusting groove hole, and the other end of the reset spring is supported on the end face of one end, close to the rocker arm ball bowl, of the push rod ball bowl connecting rod.
13. A shift-by-wire device, comprising a shift-by-wire shifter, a shift controller and the shift-by-wire actuator of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the shift controller is connected to the shift-by-wire shifter and the shift-by-wire actuator respectively through a wire harness; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the shift-by-wire shifter is used for acquiring the shifting intention of a driver and sending the intention to the shift controller through an electric signal;
the gear shifting controller converts the received electric signal into a control signal and sends the control signal to a motor of the gear shifting actuator so as to control the rotating speed and the torque output of the motor;
and the shift-by-wire actuator converts the rotation of the motor into the motion of a spherical bowl connecting rod of the shift-by-wire actuator so as to drive a shifting rocker arm of the automatic automobile transmission, which is connected with the spherical bowl connecting rod through a spherical hinge, to move to a corresponding gear.
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| CN201511033834.3A CN105546108B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | Shift-by-wire actuator and shift-by-wire device |
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| CN201511033834.3A CN105546108B (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | Shift-by-wire actuator and shift-by-wire device |
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| CN105546108B true CN105546108B (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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| CN105840812A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-08-10 | 理原车辆技术研发（苏州）有限公司 | Electronic gear shifting device for automobiles and control method thereof |
| CN107701712B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2021-10-01 | 宁波高发汽车控制系统股份有限公司 | Control system for actuating mechanism of gear shifter of unmanned automobile |
| CN106523682A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-03-22 | 宁波高发汽车控制系统股份有限公司 | Executing mechanism of automobile gear shifter |
| CN106352072A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 宁波高发汽车控制系统股份有限公司 | Control method for gear-shifter actuator of driverless car |
| CN109630675A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2019-04-16 | 法可赛(太仓)汽车配件有限公司 | Shift actuator |
| CN107061710A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-08-18 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of speed change system assembling structure |
| CN107504166B (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-03-22 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Position detecting mechanism and line traffic control shift actuator |
| CN107339415B (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2023-02-24 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Shift-by-wire actuator and gear shifting device |
| CN107514459B (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-03-12 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Linear type position detecting mechanism and line traffic control shift actuator |
| CN110319188A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-11 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of shift linkage and gearshift |
| CN110578791A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-17 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Automatic shifting mechanism for transmission |
| CN113074249B (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2022-09-16 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Vehicle P-gear disengaging mechanism and reset control method, system, equipment and medium thereof |
| CN113458766B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2022-10-18 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Bolt tightening device |
| CN115217953B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2023-09-22 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Shift-by-wire device, transmission system, vehicle, and shift control method for vehicle |
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