CN105543566B - 能够析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相的Ni‑Cr‑W-Mo高温合金 - Google Patents

能够析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相的Ni‑Cr‑W-Mo高温合金 Download PDF

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CN105543566B
CN105543566B CN201510955270.2A CN201510955270A CN105543566B CN 105543566 B CN105543566 B CN 105543566B CN 201510955270 A CN201510955270 A CN 201510955270A CN 105543566 B CN105543566 B CN 105543566B
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CN105543566A (zh
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胡锐
张铁邦
李金山
孔金涛
钟宏
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C19/00Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/055Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon

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Abstract

一种能够析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相的Ni‑Cr‑W-Mo高温合金,原子百分比为:25at.%的Cr、6.5at.%的W和0.7~1.7at.%的Mo,余量为Ni。在析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相时,采用常规的真空非自耗电弧熔炼方法制备原子百分比为Ni‑25Cr‑6.5W‑0.7~1.7Mo成分的合金,经过1200℃/24h均匀化、1260℃/0.5h固溶淬火的常规热处理后,在490℃~570℃能够析出5~15nm的弥散Pt2Mo型超点阵相。本发明适用于在不显著降低合金塑性及抗腐蚀性能的条件下,提高合金屈服强度和抗拉强度等力学性能。

Description

能够析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相的Ni-Cr-W-Mo高温合金
技术领域
本发明涉及耐蚀镍基高温合金领域,具体为一种添加了0.7~1.7at.%范围Mo元素的能够析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相的Ni-25Cr-6.5W-Mo(at.%)合金。
背景技术
Ni-Cr-W系高温合金是化工、能源工业领域耐高温耐高压热交换管的首选备用材料,而由于热交换管的使用寿命要求达到60年,那么对耐热结构材料的蠕变等力学性能就提出了苛刻的要求。以Ni-Cr-W合金为结构材料的熔盐堆的工作温度为500~800℃,该温度范围恰是镍基合金中超点阵的析出温度范围。大量研究结果已表明,Ni-Cr(Mo)-Mo(Cr)合金中超点阵的析出可显著提高合金的力学性能。因此,若采用特殊方法在Ni-Cr-W合金中析出超点阵相,则将对提升Ni-Cr-W系合金的服役性能有着重要的意义。
但目前为止,对Ni-Cr-W合金中超点阵的析出行为的研究,国内外鲜有报道。Chatterjee(Sudin Chatterjee,Ajit K.Roy.Mechanism of creep deformation ofalloy 230based on microstructural analyses[J].Materials Science andEngineering A,2010,527:7893-7900.)报道了Haynes 230合金中的Pt2Mo型Ni2(Cr,W)超点阵相显著提高了其蠕变性能。但是从尺寸、形态以及衍射花样判断,专家们认为的这种所谓的Pt2Mo型超点阵相是碳化物而并非超点阵相。陈杨(Chen Y,Hu R,Kou H CH,etal.Precipitation of nanosized DO22 superlattice with high thermal stability inan Ni–Cr–W superalloy[J].Scripta Materialia,2014,76:49-52)在59.2Ni-20.8Cr-18.8W-1.2Mo(wt.%)合金中通过700℃/5~40小时时效处理,在基体中析出了稳定的DO22型超点阵相,提高了合金的显微硬度。虽然该论文所涉及的合金成分中也包含了Mo元素,但是该研究并没有提及基体中有Pt2Mo型超点阵相析出,更没有发现Mo元素及其含量与Pt2Mo型超点阵相析出之间存在着的相关性规律。西北工业大学的胡锐(Hu R,Cheng G M,Zhang JQ,et al.First principles investigation on the stability and elasticproperties of Ni2Cr(1-x)Mx(M=Nb,Mo,Ta,and W)superlattices[J].Intermetallics,2013,33(2):60–66.)等人利用第一性原理的方法研究了三元体系Ni2Cr(1-x)Mx(M=Nb,Mo,Ta,W)系列超点阵相和四元体系Ni2Cr(1-2x)WxMx(M=Fe,Nb,Mo,Hf,Ta)系列超点阵相,计算了它们的形成能、结合能、弹性常数等,并分析 了电子结构和态密度。认为,难熔合金元素均能在不同程度上提高Ni2Cr(1-x)Mx和Ni2Cr(1-2x)WxMx超点阵基态下的稳定性,但是上述文章并没有开展具体的合金化元素及含量对超点阵相析出影响的工作,没能够确定影响性元素及其含量范围。
发明内容
为能够从Ni-Cr-W高温合金中析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相,以提高合金的力学性能,本发明提出了一种能够析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相的Ni-Cr-W-Mo高温合金。
在析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相时,采用常规的真空非自耗电弧熔炼方法制备原子百分比为Ni-25Cr-6.5W-0.7~1.7Mo成分的合金,经过1200℃/24h均匀化、1260℃/0.5h固溶淬火的常规热处理后,在490℃~570℃能够析出5~15nm的弥散Pt2Mo型超点阵相。
本发明提出的Ni-Cr-W-Mo高温合金的体系为:25at.%的Cr、6.5at.%的W和0.7~1.7at.%的Mo,余量为Ni。所述的百分比均为原子百分比。
本发明人研究发现,原子百分比为Ni-25Cr-6.5W合金经过不同温度和时间时效热处理,均无法析出Pt2Mo型等超点阵相。添加微量合金化元素Mo,其含量范围为0.7~1.7at.%,合金经过热处理即可控制析出5~15nm的弥散Pt2Mo型超点阵相。在500~550℃的时效温度范围内,随着温度的升高及时效时间的延长,超点阵相的析出数量增加、颗粒尺寸增大,时效50h后超点阵相逐渐达到平衡及稳定。Mo元素及其含量范围,是控制析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相的关键。
本发明适用于以原子百分比为Ni-25Cr-6.5W的合金为代表的Ni-Cr-W合金,具体过程是:采用真空非自耗电弧熔炼方法制备Ni-25Cr-6.5W-0.7~1.7Mo成分的合金,经过1200℃/24h均匀化处理、1260℃/0.5h固溶淬火处理后,将合金在500~550℃温度范围内时效处理,即可析出弥散的Pt2Mo型超点阵相。
其主要原理为:镍基合金中超点阵的析出与合金成分及热处理工艺有密切的关系。热力学计算表明,Mo元素属于Pt2Mo型超点阵相稳定化元素,如在镍基合金中加入适量的Mo元素,可以提高Pt2Mo型超点阵相的固溶温度、扩大其存在相区。故在Ni-Cr-W合金中适量添加Pt2Mo型超点阵相稳定化元素Mo,并通过一定热处理工艺,即可控制Pt2Mo型超点阵相的析出。Pt2Mo型超点阵相通过诱导孪生变形机制,使得合金在强度提高的同时又保持了良好的塑性。时效后析出的Pt2Mo型超点阵相对原子百分比为Ni-25Cr-6.5W-1.7Mo合金力学性能的影响,如表1和表2所示。
综上所述,本发明通过在原子百分比为Ni-25Cr-6.5W合金中添加微量合金化元素Mo,确定含量范围为0.7~1.7at.%,通过常用时效热处理工艺500~550℃/0.5~40h,能够在合金中控制析出纳米级弥散分布的Pt2Mo型超点阵相。本发明适用于在不显著降低合金塑性及抗腐蚀性能的条件下,提高合金屈服强度和抗拉强度等力学性能。
表1为原子百分比为Ni-25Cr-6.5W-1.7Moat.%合金固溶淬火后,在550℃时效,合金显微硬度随时效时间的变化。
表1
Ni-25Cr-6.5W-1.7Mo at.% 显微硬度HV
固溶淬火态 214
550℃/10h 244
550℃/20h 322
550℃/40h 334
表2为Ni-25Cr-6.5W-1.7Mo(at.%)合金,固溶淬火态及550℃时效20h后,合金的拉伸性能数据。
表2
附图说明
图1a为原子百分比为Ni-25Cr-6.5W-1.7Mo合金550℃/40h时效处理后[100]轴的选区电子衍射,b为对应的暗场像。
具体实施方式
实施例一
本实施例是一种能够析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相的Ni-Cr-W-Mo高温合金。该高温合金中添加了0.7~1.7at.%的Mo元素。本实施例中,体系的原子百分比为:25at.%的Cr、6.5at.%的W和1.7at.%的Mo,余量为Ni。
所述添加有Mo元素的高温合金能够析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相:Mo含量为1.7at.%时,采用常规的真空非自耗电弧熔炼方法制备原子百分比为Ni-25Cr-6.5W-1.7Mo成分 的合金,经过1200℃/24h均匀化、1260℃/0.5h固溶淬火的常规热处理后,在490℃时效处理40h,能够析出5~8nm的弥散Pt2Mo型超点阵相;在550℃时效处理40h,能够析出10~15nm的弥散Pt2Mo型超点阵相;在570℃时效处理40h,能够析出10~15nm的弥散Pt2Mo型超点阵相;图1a为550℃/40h时效处理后<100>轴的选区电子衍射,图1b为对应的暗场像;在490~570℃范围外时效,无法析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相。
实施例二
本实施例是一种能够析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相的Ni-Cr-W-Mo高温合金。该高温合金中添加了0.7~1.7at.%的Mo元素。体系的原子百分比为:25at.%的Cr、6.5at.%的W和1.2at.%的Mo,余量为Ni。
所述添加有Mo元素的高温合金能够析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相:Mo含量为1.2at.%时,采用常规的真空非自耗电弧熔炼方法制备原子百分比为Ni-25Cr-6.5W-1.2Mo的合金,经过1200℃/24h均匀化、1260℃/0.5h固溶淬火的常规热处理后,在490℃时效处理40h,能够析出6~8nm的弥散Pt2Mo型超点阵相;在520℃时效处理40h,能够析出6~9nm的弥散Pt2Mo型超点阵相;在570℃时效处理40h,能够析出6~10nm的弥散Pt2Mo型超点阵相;在490~570℃范围外时效,无法析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相。
实施例三
本实施例是一种能够析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相的Ni-Cr-W-Mo高温合金。该高温合金中添加了0.7~1.7at.%的Mo元素。体系的原子百分比为:25at.%的Cr、6.5at.%的W和0.7at.%的Mo,余量为Ni。
所述添加有Mo元素的高温合金能够析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相:Mo含量为0.7at.%时,采用常规的真空非自耗电弧熔炼方法制备原子百分比为Ni-25Cr-6.5W-0.7Mo的合金,经过1200℃/24h均匀化、1260℃/0.5h固溶淬火的常规热处理后,在490℃时效处理40h,能够析出5~7nm的弥散Pt2Mo型超点阵相;在530℃时效处理40h,能够析出5~8nm的弥散Pt2Mo型超点阵相;在570℃时效处理40h,能够析出6~8nm的弥散Pt2Mo型超点阵相;在490~570℃范围外时效,无法析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相。

Claims (1)

1.一种能够析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相的Ni-Cr-W-Mo高温合金,其特征在于,该高温合金的体系为原子百分比为:25at.%的Cr、6.5at.%的W和0.7~1.7at.%的Mo,余量为Ni;
在析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相时,采用常规的真空非自耗电弧熔炼方法制备原子百分比为Ni-25Cr-6.5W-0.7~1.7Mo成分的合金,经过1200℃/24h均匀化、1260℃/0.5h固溶淬火的常规热处理后,在490℃~570℃能够析出5~15nm的弥散Pt2Mo型超点阵相。
CN201510955270.2A 2015-12-18 2015-12-18 能够析出Pt2Mo型超点阵相的Ni‑Cr‑W-Mo高温合金 Expired - Fee Related CN105543566B (zh)

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CN110117738A (zh) * 2019-05-09 2019-08-13 西北工业大学 能够析出DO22型超点阵相的Ni-Cr-W-Nb高温合金
CN114182139B (zh) * 2021-12-10 2022-12-02 西北工业大学 一种析出强化镍基高温合金及其制备方法
CN114941058B (zh) * 2022-07-07 2023-05-23 上海大学 一种高纯度Pr5Co19型La-Y-Ni超点阵合金及其制备方法

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