CN105540399A - Escalator safety device based on ultrasonic distance measurement and using method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an escalator safety device based on ultrasonic distance measurement and a using method and belongs to the technical field of escalators. According to the escalator safety device based on ultrasonic distance measurement and the using method, the distance between a pedal and the bottom of an escalator shaft is measured in real time through ultrasonic distance measurement modules which are installed on the portion, located at an entrance of an escalator, of the downward-facing side of the pedal and the portion, at an exit of the escalator, of the downward-facing side of the pedal, and a real-time measurement result is fed back to a single-chip microcomputer; the single-chip microcomputer judges whether the pedal is in a closed state or in an open state in time according to the comparison of real-time measurement data and initial data; if the pedal is in the open state, a motor connected with the pedal is controlled to stop in time, so that the escalator is made to stop operating, and accordingly accidents are prevented.

Description

An escalator safety device based on ultrasonic distance measurement and its application method

technical field

The invention relates to an escalator safety device and a using method based on ultrasonic distance measurement, belonging to the technical field of elevators.

Background technique

At present, step-type escalators are widely installed in various large public places such as shopping malls, large supermarkets, and subways. With the widespread use of escalators, safety issues have become increasingly prominent, and reports of escalators "eating people" are not uncommon. Part of the reason is improper use by elevator users, but part of the reason is that there are safety hazards in the design of the elevator itself.

Existing ultrasonic technology is widely used and low in cost. It realizes non-contact measurement without destroying the characteristics of the medium, has strong environmental adaptability, and can realize online measurement. This advantage enables the ultrasonic distance measurement technology to be used in many occasions and achieve ideal results.

Contents of the invention

Based on the needs of real life, the present invention combines the ultrasonic ranging technology to invent a safety device for the escalator, which ensures the safe operation of the escalator.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

An escalator safety device based on ultrasonic distance measurement, including an ultrasonic distance measurement module, the ultrasonic distance measurement module is respectively installed on the elevator entrance pedal facing downward and the exit pedal downward, and the ultrasonic distance measuring module is used to measure the distance between the pedal and the elevator. The distance at the bottom of the well; the ultrasonic ranging module is connected with the single-chip microcomputer, and the measurement data is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer; the power module supplies power to the ultrasonic ranging module and the single-chip microcomputer respectively; the single-chip computer will receive the measurement data and initial measurement data from the ultrasonic ranging module Carry out comparative analysis, judge the opening and closing state of the pedal, and issue instructions to the motor connected to it to control the operation of the motor.

To further improve the above scheme:

Five ultrasonic ranging modules are installed on each pedal, which are respectively located at the four corners and the center of the pedal.

The ultrasonic ranging module adopts a HC-SR04 type ultrasonic ranging module.

The single chip microcomputer adopts STM32F103 chip.

The power module converts 220V alternating current into 5V direct current.

The present invention also provides a method for using an escalator safety device based on ultrasonic ranging, the method comprising the following steps:

Step 1) The initial distance from the pedal to the bottom of the elevator shaft is preset in the microcontroller;

Step 2) Install five downward-emitting ultrasonic ranging modules on the bottom of the elevator entrance and exit pedals, respectively located at the four corners and the center of the pedals;

Step 3) Connect the ultrasonic ranging module to the single-chip microcomputer through the serial port, and the power supply module supplies power to the ultrasonic ranging module and the single-chip microcomputer, and the other end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the motor of the elevator;

Step 4) The transmitting end of the ultrasonic distance measuring module emits 8 square waves of 40KHz. The ultrasonic wave propagates in the air and returns immediately when encountering an obstacle on the way. The receiving end of the ultrasonic ranging module outputs a high level after receiving the reflected wave , the duration of the high level is the time from the ultrasonic emission to the return, and the distance from the pedal to the bottom of the elevator shaft is obtained by calculation;

Step 5) The ultrasonic ranging module transmits the information to the single-chip microcomputer through serial communication. The single-chip microcomputer obtains a more accurate distance by calculating the average value, compares and analyzes the measured distance with the initial distance, and uses the fuzzy algorithm Determine whether the pedal is open;

Step 6) If the single-chip microcomputer judges that the pedal is in the open state, it sends a closing command to the motor, and the motor is turned off, so that the escalator stops running; if the single-chip microcomputer judges that the pedal is in the closed state, it does not send a command to the motor, and the elevator runs normally.

The invention uses the ultrasonic ranging technology to measure the distance between the elevator pedal and the bottom of the elevator shaft, so that the single-chip microcomputer can judge the state of the pedal in time and control the operation of the automatic escalator, thereby preventing the occurrence of accidents.

The present invention will be further elaborated below through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a structural principle block diagram of the present invention.

detailed description:

As shown in Figure 1, an escalator safety device based on ultrasonic distance measurement includes an ultrasonic distance measurement module, the ultrasonic distance measurement module is respectively installed on the elevator entrance pedal facing downward and the exit pedal facing downward, the ultrasonic distance measuring module It is used to measure the distance from the pedal to the bottom of the elevator shaft; the ultrasonic ranging module is connected to the single-chip microcomputer, and the measurement data is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer; the power supply module supplies power to the ultrasonic ranging module and the single-chip microcomputer respectively; the single-chip computer will receive the measurement data from the ultrasonic ranging module Compare and analyze with the initial measurement data. If the real-time measurement distance is less than the initial distance, the ultrasonic ranging module will measure the distance three times continuously. The three measurement results are consistent with the previous measurement data and are all less than the initial distance. Then the single-chip microcomputer determines that the pedal is on. Send a shutdown command to the motor connected to it, and the elevator stops running.

The ultrasonic ranging module in the above scheme communicates with the single-chip microcomputer through the serial port to realize data transmission. Because the ultrasonic distance measurement has certain errors, in order to reduce the error, the four corners and the center of the same pedal are respectively provided with an ultrasonic distance measurement module that emits ultrasonic waves downwards to measure the distance from the pedal to the bottom of the elevator shaft. The measurement results are averaged to reduce errors.

In order to make the measurement results as accurate as possible, this embodiment selects the HC-SR04 type ultrasonic ranging module; the single-chip microcomputer adopts the STM32F103 chip, which has 13 communication interfaces, which can fully meet the communication requirements between the single-chip microcomputer and five ultrasonic ranging modules. ; The power module converts 220V AC into 5V DC.

The method for using the escalator safety device based on the above scheme comprises the following steps:

Step 1) The initial distance from the pedal to the bottom of the elevator shaft is preset in the microcontroller;

Step 2) Install five downward-emitting ultrasonic ranging modules on the bottom of the elevator entrance and exit pedals, respectively located at the four corners and the center of the pedals;

Step 3) Connect the ultrasonic ranging module to the single-chip microcomputer through the serial port, and the power supply module supplies power to the ultrasonic ranging module and the single-chip microcomputer, and the other end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the motor of the elevator;

Step 4) The transmitting end of the ultrasonic distance measuring module emits 8 square waves of 40KHz. The ultrasonic wave propagates in the air and returns immediately when encountering an obstacle on the way. The receiving end of the ultrasonic ranging module outputs a high level after receiving the reflected wave , the duration of the high level is the time from the ultrasonic emission to the return, and the distance from the pedal to the bottom of the elevator shaft is obtained by calculation;

Step 5) The ultrasonic ranging module transmits the information to the single-chip microcomputer through the serial port communication method, and the single-chip microcomputer calculates and takes the average value to obtain a more accurate distance, and compares and analyzes the measured distance with the initial distance. If real-time measurement If the distance is less than the initial distance, the ultrasonic distance measuring module will measure the distance three times continuously, and the three measurement results are consistent with the previous measured data and are all less than the initial distance, then the single-chip microcomputer determines that the pedal is in the open state;

Step 6) If the single-chip microcomputer judges that the pedal is in the open state, it sends a closing command to the motor, and the motor is turned off, so that the escalator stops running; if the single-chip microcomputer judges that the pedal is in the closed state, it does not send a command to the motor, and the elevator runs normally.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention without limitation. Other modifications or equivalent replacements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should be covered as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the handrail elevator safety device based on ultrasonic ranging, it is characterized in that: comprise ultrasonic distance measuring module, ultrasonic distance measuring module be installed on respectively elevator entrance place pedal towards below with exit pedal towards below, ultrasonic distance measuring module is for measuring the distance bottom pedal to elevator; Described ultrasonic distance measuring module is connected with micro controller system, by data transfer to micro controller system; Power module powers to respectively ultrasonic distance measuring module and micro controller system; Micro controller system is analyzed receiving from the take off data of ultrasonic distance measuring module and initial measurement data, and judges the open and-shut mode of pedal, and sends instruction to the electrical motor be attached thereto, and controls the running of electrical motor.

2. a kind of handrail elevator safety device based on ultrasonic ranging according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described each pedal is all installed five ultrasonic distance measuring modules, lays respectively at corner and the center of pedal.

3. a kind of handrail elevator safety device based on ultrasonic ranging according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ultrasonic distance measuring module adopts the ultrasonic distance measuring module of HC-SR04 type.

4. a kind of handrail elevator safety device based on ultrasonic ranging according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described micro controller system adopts STM32F103 chip.

5. a kind of handrail elevator safety device based on ultrasonic ranging according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described power module converts 220V alternating current to 5V direct current (DC).

6. as claim 1 to 5 any based on a handrail elevator safety device using method for ultrasonic ranging, it is characterized in that:

Comprise the following steps:

The initial distance bottom pedal to elevator is preset in step 1) micro controller system;

Step 2) in the bottom of elevator entrance place pedal and exit pedal, five ultrasonic distance measuring modules launched are installed respectively downwards, lay respectively at corner and the center of pedal;

Ultrasonic distance measuring module is connected with micro controller system respectively by serial ports by step 3), and is powered to ultrasonic distance measuring module and micro controller system by power module, and the micro controller system other end connects the electrical motor of elevator;

The transmitting terminal of step 4) ultrasonic distance measuring module launches the square wave of 8 40KHz, super sonic is propagated in atmosphere, encounter obstacle in way just to return immediately, high level is exported after the receiving end of ultrasonic distance measuring module receives backward wave, high level lasting time is exactly that super sonic is transmitted into the time returned, by calculating the distance bottom pedal to elevator;

Information is reached micro controller system by serial communication mode by step 5) ultrasonic distance measuring module, micro controller system draws distance comparatively accurately by calculating in the mode of averaging, and the distance recorded and initial distance are contrasted, analyze, judge whether pedal is opened by fuzzy algorithm;

If step 6) micro controller system judges that pedal is open mode, then send out code to electrical motor, electrical motor is closed, and handrail elevator is shut down; If micro controller system judges that pedal is closed condition, then do not send instruction to electrical motor, elevator normal operation.