CN105539117B - 机动车混合动力驱动装置 - Google Patents

机动车混合动力驱动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105539117B
CN105539117B CN201510626659.2A CN201510626659A CN105539117B CN 105539117 B CN105539117 B CN 105539117B CN 201510626659 A CN201510626659 A CN 201510626659A CN 105539117 B CN105539117 B CN 105539117B
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oil
electric machine
rotor
hybrid
chamber
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201510626659.2A
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CN105539117A (zh
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雷克·格斯滕
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Zf Frederick Harfin Co Ltd
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Zf Frederick Harfin Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0476—Electric machines and gearing, i.e. joint lubrication or cooling or heating thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/30—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of auxiliary equipment, e.g. air-conditioning compressors or oil pumps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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Abstract

一种机动车混合动力驱动装置，其带有主变速器(4)和布置在混合动力模块(6)中的电机(10)，电机带有在旋转室(31)中转动的转子(14)。混合动力模块(6)和主变速器(4)具有共同的油供应部，测量该油供应部的油温。设置有设备(62、64)，其在油温的阈值被超过之后如下地影响电机(10)旋转室(31)中的油池(58)，即，使得转子(14)能够沉入到油池(58)中，容纳油并且将其甩掉。

Description

机动车混合动力驱动装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种机动车混合动力驱动装置。
背景技术
机动车的并联式混合动力驱动系统中的电机可以通过利用附加的传速级或减速级、所谓的高传动级(其以驱动有效的方式布置在内燃机的传动轴与车辆变速器的输入轴之间)从内燃机转速范围的直接限制中脱离。这种高传动级能够实现使用带有大质量功率密度的快速转动的电机，如其例如可在永久激励的同步电机中实现的那样。由此，可以降低对用于制造现代电马达的昂贵材料(例如稀土和铜)的增长的需求，由此保护原料资源，并且节省制造成本。此外可以减小电机的结构空间和重量。减小的电机的较小的转矩可以通过与车辆变速器驱动轴的转速相比更高的转速来补偿。借助高传动级的传动比实现电机的较高转速与所需的变速器输入转速的匹配。
由申请人的DE 10 2013 211 225 A1公知一种带有电机的机动车混合动力驱动装置，其通过高传动级与车辆变速器以驱动有效的方式连接。车辆变速器是自动换挡变速器，其具有输入侧的二级的同步快速挡组、带有倒挡级的多挡位的爪式换挡的主变速器以及在驱动技术上后置的两级的爪式换挡的区域挡组。快速挡组和主变速器以中间轴结构方式实施，而区域挡组以行星齿轮结构方式构造。电机是永久激励的同步电机，其布置在变速器输入侧。电机具有定子和转子，并且设计用于相对高的转速，电机借助高传动级匹配于较低的变速器输入转速。高传动级构造为行星齿轮变速器，其具有中心太阳轮、外齿圈和行星齿轮架。多个行星齿轮可转动支承地布置在行星齿轮架上，行星齿轮与齿圈和太阳轮形成齿部嵌接，并且在它们之间运转。太阳轮与电机的转子以驱动有效的方式连接，而行星齿轮架与变速器输入轴抗相对转动地连接，以及在驱动侧可以经由起动离合器或分离离合器与内燃机驱动连接。齿圈永久地固定在壳体上。在电机转子与变速器输入轴之间，借助高传动级使运转传动比有效，其中，当电机处于马达运行模式时，电机转速在变速器输入轴上转换成慢速。如果车辆处于加速运行并且电机在此作为发电机运行，那么电机上的变速器输入转速转换成快速。车辆变速器此外具有油泵，其通过变速器输出轴驱动，并且不仅为车辆变速器而且为电机以及高传动级提供以润滑和冷却油。
此外，由申请人的DE 10 2014 209 056 A1公知一种机动车的混合动力驱动装置，其包括带有变速器输入轴和变速器壳体的主变速器、可作为马达和发电机运行的具有定子和转子的电机(其在输入侧相对主变速器布置)和行星齿轮变速器，其布置在转子与变速器输入轴之间，其中，变速器输入轴具有用于给行星齿轮变速器和电机提供油的中心油孔和横向孔，其中，行星齿轮变速器和电机布置在混合动力壳体中，并且其中，混合动力壳体经由油回流管与主变速器的变速器壳体连接。
相对小的且高速转动的电机结合高传动级需要加强的冷却，以用于导出其在运行时产生的大量的热量。这例如可以通过围套电机定子的冷却套实现，并且附加地，像在DE10 2013 211 255 A1中描述的那样，通过把来自于车辆变速器的油回路的润滑和冷却油输送给电机的构件来实现。但因为仅允许将来自油泵的润滑和冷却油的小且受限制的体积流量份额导出壳体，所以在超过特定的温度阈值的情况下，至今为止，电机的电功率自动地在其功率中被抑制，以便保护电机和其周围的部件防止过热以及防止受到可能的损坏。电机的所谓的“降低额定值”会导致驱动系统中能提供的电驱动或者说发电机功率的临时的显著降低，并且进而导致行驶舒适度和行驶功率的损失。安装能持续地提供更大体积流的润滑和冷却介质的更大的油泵并不适宜，这是因为这将导致变速器中的拖拽损失增加、更大的结构空间需求和更高的制造成本。
发明内容
基于上述背景，本发明基于如下任务，即，陈述一种机动车混合动力驱动装置、装备有该混合动力驱动装置的机动车和对此的方法，其中，至少可以在很大程度上避免或延迟电机功率在驱动系统中的由热负载导致的反馈控制。
该任务的解决方案由独立权利要求的特征得到，而本发明的有利的设计方案和改进方案可以从从属权利要求中获得。
本发明基于如下认知，在机动车的并联式混合动力驱动系统中可以安装没有缺点的缩小的电机，只要其由于更高转速产生的更大的热量负载可以通过有效的冷却来抗衡。
因此，本发明从带有车辆变速器并且带有布置在附加模块中的电机的机动车混合动力驱动装置出发。在附加模块中，电机的转子在旋转室中转动。附加模块和车辆变速器具有共同的油供应部(Oelhaushalt)。油供应部中的油温被测量并且进而被监控。
为了解决所提出的任务，本发明设置的是，在混合动力驱动装置中设置如下设备，其在超过油温的预定的阈值的情况下影响和改变电机旋转室中的油池。在此，影响以如下方式进行，即，使转子可以沉入到油池中。当油池相对于它的其他尺寸升高时，转子于是可以沉入到油池中。
在边界温度以下正常运行的情况下要求，转子不可以在油池中运行，以便避免由于浸在油池中而导致损失。附加模块的润滑于是通过经由在中心通过驱动轴输送的油进行的干式油池润滑来实现。在温度升高的情况下，转子应该能够通过沉入的方式来容纳油，并且可以在其旋转时甩掉油。油通过转子经由转子与定子之间的空隙在内部绕整个定子传输，并且在绕组上侧向地挤压出来。因此，干式油池润滑通过沉入式润滑扩展，由此使得通过电机的热量传输最大化。
只要再次低于边界温度，那么在旋转室中对油池的影响再次改变，并且润滑再次涉及唯一的干式油池润滑。
本发明可以在使用油回流管的情况下特别有利地使用，回流管设置在附加模块与车辆变速器之间，并且本发明的设备打开或关闭该回流管。由此，可以以如下方式利用在附加模块与变速器之间建立连接的管，即，使得存在的油填充量发生改变并且进而影响油分配。
如果电机转子的旋转室中的油应超过最大的液位，那么在本发明的有利的设计方案中设置溢流部，其连接旋转室与油回流管。在此，如下地设置溢流部与油回流管之间的连接，即，使其进入到根据本发明的设备与车辆变速器之间的油回流管中。由此确保了，旋转室中的油不能上升到如下高，即，可能会出现对该装置的负面影响。
可以以有利方式设置控制装置，其与设备连接。在超过油温阈值的情况下，控制装置操控设备中的阀，然后阀打开或关闭油回流管。由此提供有效的可能性，以便对上升的温度作出反应，并且快速且有目的地调整油填充量。
在另一更简单的并且更低成本的设计方案中，设备包括调温器，调温器打开或关闭油回流管。这种实施方式可以根据温度调整油填充量，而不需要附加的控制装置。这也适用于其他有利的设计方案，在其中，设备包括依赖于温度的双金属装置，其打开或关闭油回流管。为此，双金属条例如可以与油回流管的挡盖连接，双金属条在超过边界温度的情况下以其形状发生改变，并且将挡盖带入到关闭油回流管的位置中。
本发明也包括用于冷却在旋转室中旋转的、被供油的电机的方法。测量油的温度，并且在超过油温阈值后影响电机旋转室中的油池。影响以如下方式进行，即，油池中的油位在旋转室中升高，并且进而使转子可以沉入到油池中。转子在此可以容纳油，并且将其甩到电机的构件上。
作为该方法的有利的设计方案，油从油池的流出受到影响，从而电机旋转室中的油升高。像上面描述的那样，影响可以通过油回流管的不同的关闭机构执行。由此，在油供应保持不变的情况下，可以简单且有效地改变旋转室中的油位。另一有利的实施方式示出对待流入的油的影响，其中，进入到电机旋转室中的流入通过对油体积流在超过边界温度后进行的提升来增加。输送油泵临时输送更多的油，从而电机旋转室中的油升高。
附图说明
借助附图进一步阐述本发明。其中：
图1示出公知的混合动力装置的示意图；
图2示出公知的带有附加模块的混合动力装置；
图3示出根据本发明的处于边界温度之下的设备；
图4示出根据本发明的处于边界温度之上的设备。
具体实施方式
图1以示意性图示出混合动力驱动装置2，其包括主变速器4和混合动力模块6。主变速器4具有变速器输入轴8、用于前进挡的多个挡位级以及用于倒挡R的挡位级。混合动力模块6包括带有定子12和转子14的电机10以及行星齿轮变速器16，行星齿轮变速器一方面与转子14连接，并且另一方面与变速器输入轴8连接。行星齿轮变速器16包括三个部件，即，太阳轮18、行星架或行星齿轮架20以及支撑在壳体上的齿圈22。因此，行星齿轮变速器16的标准传动比在转子14与变速器输入轴8之间起作用。
变速器输入轴8通过离合器24与机动车的未示出的内燃机连接。也就是说，混合动力驱动装置2相应于并联式混合动力装置。主变速器4此外具有变速器输出轴26，输出轴驱动油泵28，油泵不仅给主变速器4而且给混合动力模块6提供油。电机10优选构造为商业上通用的永久激励的同步电机，并且可以作为马达和发电机运行。永久激励的同步电机(PSM)优选设计用于相对高的转速，以便提高功率密度和减少昂贵的材料的使用。行星齿轮变速器16因此在转子14的较高转速与变速器输入轴8的较低转速之间作为减速级起作用。
图2示出混合动力模块6的混合动力壳体30，在混合动力壳体中布置有包括定子12和转子14的电机10。转子在混合动力模块6的旋转室31中转动。在混合动力壳体30与定子12之间布置有环形的冷却通道32，其被用于机动车内燃机的未示出的冷却循环回路的冷却介质穿流。冷却通道32向外通过在此为混合动力壳体30的一部分的外壁34限界并且向内通过带肋条的冷却周面36限界。也就是说，冷却通道32在其径向内侧通过冷却周面36限界，并且在其径向外侧通过外壁34限界，其中，冷却周面36安装到混合动力壳体30中，并且对冷却通道32的两侧都密封。通过在此未示出的变速器输入轴输送的油到达混合动力壳体30的靠下布置的部分的油池中，其中，油池包括在附图中靠左布置的油腔40和在附图中靠右布置的油腔42，也就是说相对电机10的两侧。在附图中，在电机10下方布置有油冷却室44，油冷却室具有进入口46和排出口48，并且与油池的两个油腔40、42处于流动连接。在混合动力壳体30上联接油回流管50。油回流管50因此与在此未示出的主变速器4的油池处于流动连接。像从附图中看到的那样，油回流管50例如布置在与油冷却室44的输出口48相同的高度上，从而待回引的油流体可以在没有其他的流动转向或阻碍的情况下，即，在相对没有损失的情况下运送到主变速器4的油池中。
图3示出混合动力模块6的片段图。流经转子14和定子12的油通过两个用于油的箭头52和54示出，并且在经过两个油腔40和42之后流动到油回流管50中。主变速器4的通过虚线示出的油池56和混合动力模块6的同样通过虚线示出的油池58相互补偿，并且位于相同的水平上。转子14的旋转室31与油回流管50经由溢流部60连接。在进入到油回流管50的排出口48之前设置关闭阀62，关闭阀布置在调温器64上。图3示出在打开状态下的关闭阀62，由此使得油可以在油池56和58中交换。
图4示出与图3相同的混合动力模块的片段图。然而在图4中，关闭阀62在从现在起的关闭状态下通过调温器64以如下方式移动，即，尽可能遮盖排出口48。根据关闭阀62的设计方案，最多还有少量的油流体66或68可以经过关闭阀62。通过关闭排出口48升高混合动力模块6中的油池58，而主变速器4中的油池56尽可能保持不变。由此，转子14可以沉入到油池58中，并且在旋转时获得并且携带油，并且进而将其在电机10中分配。油池58最多升高至溢流部60。油流体70可以通过溢流部60运送到油回流管50中。
附图标记列表
2 混合动力驱动装置
4 主变速器
6 混合动力模块
8 变速器输入轴
10 电机
12 定子
14 转子
16 行星齿轮变速器
18 太阳轮
20 行星齿轮架
22 齿圈
24 离合器
26 变速器输出轴
28 油泵
30 混合动力壳体
32 冷却通道
34 外壁
36 冷却周面
31 旋转室
40 油腔
42 油腔
44 油冷却室
46 进入口
48 排出口
50 油回流管
52 用于油的箭头
54 用于油的箭头
56 油池
58 油池
60 溢流部
62 关闭阀
64 调温器
66 油流体
68 油流体
70 油流体
R 倒挡

Claims (10)

1.一种机动车的混合动力驱动装置，其带有：
主变速器(4)，和
布置在混合动力模块(6)中的电机(10)，所述电机带有在旋转室(31)中转动的转子(14)，
其中，所述混合动力模块(6)和所述主变速器(4)具有共同的油供应部，
测量所述油供应部的油温，
其特征在于，设置有设备(62、64)，所述设备(62、64)被构造为使得
在油温阈值未被超过时，所述转子(14)不在所述电机(10)的所述旋转室(31)中的油池(58)中运行，并且
在油温阈值被超过之后，如下地影响所述电机(10)的所述旋转室(31)中的油池(58)，即，使得所述转子(14)能够沉入到所述油池(58)中，容纳油并且将其排掉。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动装置，其特征在于，所述设备(62、64)打开或关闭所述混合动力模块(6)与所述主变速器(4)之间的油回流管(50)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力驱动装置，其特征在于，设置有溢流部(60)，所述溢流部使得所述旋转室(31)与在所述设备(62、64)与所述主变速器(4)之间的所述油回流管(50)连接。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的混合动力驱动装置，其特征在于，设置有控制装置，其与所述设备连接，并且在超过油温阈值的情况下，所述控制装置操控所述设备中的阀，所述阀打开或关闭所述油回流管(50)。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的混合动力驱动装置，其特征在于，所述设备包括调温器(64)，所述调温器打开或关闭所述油回流管(50)。
6.根据权利要求2或3所述的混合动力驱动装置，其特征在于，所述设备包括依赖于温度的双金属装置，所述双金属装置打开或关闭所述油回流管(50)。
7.一种用于用油冷却在旋转室(31)中旋转的电机(10)的方法，其特征在于，
测量油的温度，
在未超过油温阈值时，使得所述电机(10)的转子(14)不在所述电机(10)的旋转室(31)中的油池(58)中运行；并且
在超过油温阈值后，如下地影响所述电机(10)的旋转室(31)中的油池(58)，即，使得所述电机(10)的转子(14)能够沉入到所述油池(58)中，容纳油，并且将油排到所述电机(10)的构件上。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，影响油从所述油池(58)的流出，从而使得所述电机(10)的旋转室(31)中的油升高。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，进入到所述电机(10)的所述旋转室(31)中的油的流入被增强，从而使得所述电机(10)的所述旋转室(31)中的油升高。
10.一种车辆，所述车辆带有根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的混合动力驱动装置。
CN201510626659.2A 2014-10-24 2015-09-28 机动车混合动力驱动装置 Expired - Fee Related CN105539117B (zh)

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