CN105535646A - 一种治疗动脉硬化的中药制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗动脉硬化的中药制剂及其制备方法,属于医药技术领域。该中药制剂包括如下重量份的原料:山楂叶5-15份、北刘寄奴9-15份、红曲6-15份、大沙叶10-20份、木通3-6份、菟丝子6-15份、人参叶3-9份、何首乌10-20份、狗脊10-15份、石决明10-20份、蚱蝉5-9份、丝瓜藤10-20份、桑枝8-16份、木犀花3-9份。该中药制剂具有活血化瘀、通窍、补肝益肾、填精益髓、补气养血、平肝潜阳、散寒破积、健脾燥湿、化痰熄风等功效,对于不同病因引起的动脉硬化均有显著疗效,适用范围广,无毒副作用,安全可靠。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及医药技术领域,尤其是一种治疗动脉硬化的中药制剂及其制备方法。
【技术背景】
动脉硬化是动脉的一种非炎症性病变,是动脉管壁增厚、变硬,失去弹性和管腔狭小的退行性和增生性病变的总称,常见的有动脉粥样硬化、动脉中层钙化、小动脉硬化3种。动脉硬化是随着年龄增长而出现的血管疾病,其规律通常是在青少年时期发生,其中老年时期加重、发病。引起动脉硬化的病因中最重要的是高血压、高脂血症、抽烟。其他诸如肥胖、糖尿病、运动不足、紧张状态、高龄、家族病史、脾气暴躁等都会引起动脉硬化。近年来本病在我国逐渐增多,成为老年人死亡的主要原因之一。
目前治疗动脉硬化,一方面可采用手术治疗的方式,手术治疗虽有一定的治疗效果,但其可选择性小,不能反复应用,并且手术会给患者带来巨大的痛苦,在手术过程中或之后也可能出现严重并发症,甚至危及生命;非手术治疗是治疗动脉硬化的另一种方式,在西医中通常采用溶解血栓药、抗凝药,如尿激酶、重组组织型纤维蛋白溶解酶原激活剂、肝素等药物进行治疗,西药治疗虽然对病情能够起到很好的缓解作用,但常常引起腹泻、恶心、眩晕等不良反应,甚至引起肝功能损伤,副作用大;中药治疗动脉硬化的副作用小,但目前现有的中药制剂效果不一,且多数只能对某种症型的动脉硬化进行治疗,适用范围小。
【发明内容】
针对以上提出的问题,本发明提供了一种治疗动脉硬化的中药制剂及其制备方法,该中药制剂是一种辩证治疗的药物,具有效果显著、无毒副作用和服用安全、适用性广的特点。
动脉硬化根据其临床表现属中医“血瘀”、“痰浊”、“气滞”、“寒凝”等范畴,本发明中药制剂根据上述病症机理进行研制,具体采用的技术方案为:
一种治疗动脉硬化的中药制剂,其包括如下重量份的原料:山楂叶5-15份、北刘寄奴9-15份、红曲6-15份、大沙叶10-20份、木通3-6份、菟丝子6-15份、人参叶3-9份、何首乌10-20份、狗脊10-15份、石决明10-20份、蚱蝉5-9份、丝瓜藤10-20份、桑枝8-16份、木犀花3-9份。
进一步地,所述中药制剂包括如下重量份的原料:山楂叶8-12份、北刘寄奴11-13份、红曲8-12份、大沙叶13-17份、木通4-5份、菟丝子8-12份、人参叶5-7份、何首乌13-17份、狗脊11-13份、石决明13-17份、蚱蝉6-8份、丝瓜藤13-17份、桑枝10-14份、木犀花5-7份。
进一步地,所述中药制剂包括如下重量份的原料:山楂叶10份、北刘寄奴12份、红曲10份、大沙叶15份、木通5份、菟丝子10份、人参叶6份、何首乌15份、狗脊12份、石决明15份、蚱蝉7份、丝瓜藤15份、桑枝12份、木犀花6份。
进一步地,所述中药制剂为颗粒剂、片剂或胶囊剂。
进一步地,所述中药制剂的制备方法为:按照上述重量份称取所述原料,洗净晾干,而后断碎至长度小于1cm;混合后一起倒入砂锅中,加水没过药面,浸泡40-60min,随后武火煎煮至沸腾,再转文火煎煮20-40min,过滤得药液,取滤渣用相同的方法再煎煮两次,合并三次煎煮所得药液,而后浓缩成25℃时相对密度1.20-1.30的稠膏,进而干燥、粉碎,再加入药学上可以接收的辅料,制成颗粒剂、片剂或胶囊剂。
服用方法:每次服用有效药量为1-2g的中药制剂,每日服用3次,早、中、晚饭后半小时温水服用,20天为一个疗程,服药期间停服其他药物,并忌食生冷、辛辣、刺激的食物。
本发明所采用的中药详细情况如下:
山楂叶:味酸,性平。归肺经。有活血化瘀、理气通脉、化浊降脂之功效。能防治心血管疾病,具有扩张血管、增加冠脉血流量、改善心脏活力、兴奋中枢神经系统、降低血压和胆固醇、软化血管及利尿和镇静作用;还有强心作用,对老年性心脏病也有益处;还有强心作用,对老年性心脏病也有益处;有活血化淤的功效,有助于解除局部淤血状态,对跌打损伤有辅助疗效;对子宫有收缩作用,在孕妇临产时有催生之效,并能促进产后子宫复原;所含的黄酮类和维生素C、胡萝卜素等物质能阻断并减少自由基的生成,能增强机体的免疫力,有防衰老、抗癌的作用;有平喘化痰、抑制细菌、治疗腹痛腹泻的成分。可用于气滞血瘀、胸痹心痛、胸闷憋气、心悸健忘、眩晕耳鸣、高脂血症。
北刘寄奴:味苦,性寒。归脾、胃、肝、胆经。具有活血祛瘀、通经止痛、凉血止血、清热利湿之功效。可用于跌打损伤,外伤出血,瘀血经闭,月经不调,产后瘀痛,癥瘕积聚,血痢,血淋,湿热黄疸,水肿腹胀,白带过多。
红曲:别名赤曲、丹曲、红米、福曲、红大米、红槽、红曲米。味甘,性温。入肝、脾、胃、大肠经。具有活血化瘀、健脾消食、益气温中之功效。可用于治产后恶露不净,瘀滞腹痛,食积饱胀,赤白下痢,跌打损伤。
大沙叶:为茜草科大沙叶属下的一个植物种。属植物满天星,以全株、根、叶入药。含黄酮甙、氨基酸、糖类、γ-谷甾醇等。其味苦辛,性寒。入心、脾经。具有清热解毒、活血祛瘀之功效。可用于治暑热痧胀,跌打损伤,风毒疮疥。
木通:为双子叶植物药木通科植物白木通或三叶木通、木通(五叶木通)的木质茎,属木通科木通属。其味苦,性凉。归心、小肠、膀胱经。具有泻火行水、通利血脉、安心除烦之功效。可用于治小便赤涩、淋浊、水肿、胸中烦热、喉痹咽痛、遍身拘痛、妇女经闭、乳汁不通。
菟丝子:味辛甘,性平。归肝、肾、脾经。具有滋补肝肾、固精缩尿、安胎、明目、止泻之功效。可用于阳痿遗精,尿有余沥,遗尿尿频,腰膝酸软,目昏耳鸣,肾虚胎漏,胎动不安,脾肾虚泻;外治白癜风。
人参叶:味苦、甘,性寒。归肺、胃经。具有补气、益肺、祛暑、生津之功效。可用于气虚咳嗽,暑热烦躁,津伤口渴,胃阴不足,肢倦乏。《本经》:主补五脏,安精神,止惊悸,除邪气,明目,开心益智。
何首乌:又名野苗、交藤、交茎、夜合、地精、桃柳藤、赤葛、九真藤、芮草、蛇草、陈知白、马肝石、九真藤、疮帚等,是蓼科蓼族何首乌属多年生缠绕藤本植物。其味苦、甘、涩,性温,归肝、心、肾经。可促进造血功能、增强免疫功能、降血脂与抗动脉粥样硬化、延缓衰老、润肠通便,具有补肝肾,益精血、强筋骨、乌须发、祛风安神等功效。可用于治肝肾阴亏,发须早白,血虚头晕,腰膝软弱,筋骨酸痛,遗精,崩带,久疟,久痢,慢性肝炎,痈肿,瘰疬,肠风,痔疾。
狗脊:别名金毛狗脊、金毛狗、金狗脊、金毛狮子、猴毛头、黄狗头、百枝、狗青、强膂、扶盖、扶筋、苟脊,为蚌壳蕨科植物金毛狗的根茎。其味苦、甘,性温。归肝、肾、心、膀胱经。具有补肝肾、除风湿、健腰脚、利关节之功效。可用于治腰背酸疼,膝痛脚弱,寒湿周痹,失溺,尿频,遗精,白带。《玉楸药解》:泄湿去寒,起痿止痛,泄肾肝湿气,通关利窍,强筋壮骨,治腰痛膝疼,足肿腿弱,遗精带浊。
石决明:为鲍科动物杂色鲍、皱纹盘鲍、耳鲍、羊鲍等的贝壳。其味咸,性寒。入肝、肾经。具有平肝潜阳、除热、镇静、降血压、抗感染、明目之功效。可用于治风阳上扰,头痛眩晕,惊搐,骨蒸芳热,青盲内障。
蚱蝉:异名鸣蜩、马蜩、蟧、鸣蝉、秋蝉、蜘蟟、蚱蟟和知了等,为蝉科动物黑蚱的全体。泡制:取原药材,除去杂质,筛去灰屑。其味咸甘,性寒。入肝、肺经,具有清热、熄风、镇惊之功效。主小儿发热,惊风抽搐,癫痫,夜啼,偏头痛。
丝瓜藤:为葫芦科植物丝瓜或粤丝瓜的茎。其味苦、酸,性微寒。入心、脾、肾三经。具有舒筋活血、健脾、杀虫抗菌、止咳化痰之功效。可用于治腰膝四肢麻木,月经不调,水肿;齿露,鼻渊,牙宣。
桑枝:味微苦,性平。归肝经。具有祛风湿、通经络、利关节、行水气之功效。可用于治风寒湿痹,四肢拘挛,脚气浮肿,肌体风痒。《本草备要》:利关节,养津液,行水祛风。《本草再新》:壮肺气,燥湿,滋肾水,通经,止咳除烦,消肿止痛。
木犀花:味辛,性温。归肺、脾、肾经。具有化痰止咳、散寒破结之功效。可用于痰饮喘咳,肠风血痢,牙痛,口臭。
本发明提供了一种治疗动脉硬化的中药制剂,与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
本发明所提供的治疗动脉硬化的中药制剂根据动脉硬化的治病机理进行配药,以山楂叶、北刘寄奴、红曲、大沙叶、木通、菟丝子、人参叶、何首乌、狗脊、石决明、蚱蝉、丝瓜藤、桑枝、木犀花为主要原料,其中,山楂叶、北刘寄奴、红曲、大沙叶、木通可活血化瘀、理气通脉、化浊降脂、健脾消食、益气温中、祛风通窍;菟丝子、人参叶、何首乌、狗脊有滋补肝肾、填精益髓、补气养血、强健筋骨的作用;石决明平肝潜阳;丝瓜藤、桑枝可健脾燥湿、疏经通络;而蚱蝉、木犀花可散寒破积、化痰熄风。以上诸药配伍,相得益彰,共奏活血化瘀、通窍、补肝益肾、填精益髓、补气养血、平肝潜阳、散寒破积、健脾燥湿、化痰熄风等功效,对于不同病因引起的动脉硬化均有很好的疗效,适用范围广,且无毒副作用,安全可靠。
【具体实施方式】
下面的实施例可以帮助本领域的技术人员更全面的理解本发明,但不可以以任何方式限制本发明。
实施例1
一种治疗治疗动脉硬化的中药颗粒制剂,其包括如下重量份的原料:山楂叶5份、北刘寄奴9份、红曲6份、大沙叶10份、木通3份、菟丝子6份、人参叶3份、何首乌10份、狗脊10份、石决明10份、蚱蝉5份、丝瓜藤10份、桑枝8份、木犀花3份。具体制备方法为:按照上述重量份称取所述原料,洗净晾干,而后断碎至长度小于1cm;混合后一起倒入砂锅中,加水没过药面,浸泡40min,随后武火煎煮至沸腾,再转文火煎煮40min,过滤得药液,取滤渣用相同的方法再煎煮两次,合并三次煎煮所得药液,而后浓缩成25℃时相对密度1.20-1.30的稠膏,进而干燥、粉碎,再加入蔗糖粉和羧甲淀粉钠,充分混匀,再采用湿法制粒、干燥,经整粒后装袋,制成颗粒制剂,包装成袋,每袋6g。
实施例2
一种治疗治疗动脉硬化的中药颗粒制剂,其包括如下重量份的原料:山楂叶8份、北刘寄奴11份、红曲8份、大沙叶13份、木通4份、菟丝子8份、人参叶5份、何首乌13份、狗脊11份、石决明13份、蚱蝉6份、丝瓜藤13份、桑枝10份、木犀花5份。具体制备方法为:按照上述重量份称取所述原料,洗净晾干,而后断碎至长度小于1cm;混合后一起倒入砂锅中,加水没过药面,浸泡60min,随后武火煎煮至沸腾,再转文火煎煮20min,过滤得药液,取滤渣用相同的方法再煎煮两次,合并三次煎煮所得药液,而后浓缩成25℃时相对密度1.20-1.30的稠膏,进而干燥、粉碎,再加入蔗糖粉和羧甲淀粉钠,充分混匀,再采用湿法制粒、干燥,经整粒后装袋,制成颗粒制剂,包装成袋,每袋6g。
实施例3
一种治疗治疗动脉硬化的中药片剂,其包括如下重量份的原料:山楂叶10份、北刘寄奴12份、红曲10份、大沙叶15份、木通5份、菟丝子10份、人参叶6份、何首乌15份、狗脊12份、石决明15份、蚱蝉7份、丝瓜藤15份、桑枝12份、木犀花6份。具体制备方法为:按照上述重量份称取所述原料,洗净晾干,而后断碎至长度小于1cm;混合后一起倒入砂锅中,加水没过药面,浸泡50min,随后武火煎煮至沸腾,再转文火煎煮30min,过滤得药液,取滤渣用相同的方法再煎煮两次,合并三次煎煮所得药液,而后浓缩成25℃时相对密度1.20-1.30的稠膏,进而干燥、粉碎,再加入羧甲淀粉钠,充分混匀,再采用湿法制粒、干燥,经整粒后压片制成片剂,每片0.3g。
实施例4
一种治疗治疗动脉硬化的中药胶囊制剂,其包括如下重量份的原料:山楂叶12份、北刘寄奴13份、红曲12份、大沙叶17份、木通5份、菟丝子12份、人参叶7份、何首乌17份、狗脊13份、石决明17份、蚱蝉8份、丝瓜藤17份、桑枝14份、木犀花7份。具体制备方法为:按照上述重量份称取所述原料,洗净晾干,而后断碎至长度小于1cm;混合后一起倒入砂锅中,加水没过药面,浸泡50min,随后武火煎煮至沸腾,再转文火煎煮20min,过滤得药液,取滤渣用相同的方法再煎煮两次,合并三次煎煮所得药液,而后浓缩成25℃时相对密度1.20-1.30的稠膏,进而干燥、粉碎,再加入羧甲淀粉钠,充分混匀,再采用湿法制粒、干燥,经整粒后灌装制成胶囊剂,每粒0.5g。
实施例5
一种治疗治疗动脉硬化的中药胶囊制剂,其包括如下重量份的原料:山楂叶15份、北刘寄奴15份、红曲15份、大沙叶20份、木通6份、菟丝子15份、人参叶9份、何首乌20份、狗脊15份、石决明20份、蚱蝉9份、丝瓜藤20份、桑枝16份、木犀花9份。具体制备方法为:按照上述重量份称取所述原料,洗净晾干,而后断碎至长度小于1cm;混合后一起倒入砂锅中,加水没过药面,浸泡60min,随后武火煎煮至沸腾,再转文火煎煮40min,过滤得药液,取滤渣用相同的方法再煎煮两次,合并三次煎煮所得药液,而后浓缩成25℃时相对密度1.20-1.30的稠膏,进而干燥、粉碎,再加入羧甲淀粉钠,充分混匀,再采用湿法制粒、干燥,经整粒后灌装制成胶囊剂,每粒0.5g。
本发明药物的动物毒性试验
取家兔60只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0-2.5kg,分为超常剂量试验组和正常剂量试验组2组,每组各30只,其中,超常剂量为本发明药物有效药量0.5g/只,正常剂量为本发明药物有效药量0.2g/只,给药方式为将药物用少量水溶解后进行灌胃法给药,每天3次,连服一周,每天观察给药反应,结果表明两组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副反应。
临床观察统计资料
1、观察对象:
选择确诊的动脉硬化患者220例进行临床观察,主要症状:体质虚弱,体乏无力,心慌、心悸、气紧,稍事活动,心律即增至120次/分钟左右,头晕眼花,睡眠欠佳,四肢发麻,心肌缺血。而后随机分成治疗组和对照组,治疗组120例,其中男性67例,女性53例,年龄42-70岁,平均年龄55.8岁,病程最短者2个半月,最长者4年;对照组100例,其中,男性57例,女性43例,年龄40-72岁,平均年龄57.2岁,病程最短者3个月,最长者4年。治疗组和对照组两组病例的病程、症状轻重程度基本一致,无显著差异,具有可比性。
2、治疗方法
治疗组:内服本发明中药制剂,每日3次,每次服用有效药量为1-2g的中药制剂,早、中、晚饭后半小时温水服用,20天为一个疗程,服用2-4个疗程后进行观察,服药期间停服其他药物,并忌食生冷、辛辣、刺激的食物。
对照组:口服市面上购买其他常规药物(辛伐他汀、血络通胶囊等),与治疗组进行同步观察,服药期间停服其他药物,并忌食生冷、辛辣、刺激的食物。
4、治疗标准
治愈:动脉硬化症状消失,体质恢复正常,观察半年无复发者;有效:动脉硬化症状明显好转,体质逐步恢复;无效:症状未见好转。
5、治疗结果
治疗组和对照组临床治疗结果如表1所示:
表1治疗组和对照组临床治疗结果
n | 痊愈 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率(%) | |
治疗组 | 120 | 63 | 48 | 9 | 92.5 |
对照组 | 100 | 27 | 41 | 32 | 68 |
由上表1治疗组和对照组的临床治疗结果可以看出:治疗组120例,服用本发明治疗动脉硬化的中药制剂2-4个疗程后,治愈63例(占总数52.5%),有效48例(占总数40%),无效9例,总有效率为92.5%;对照组100例与治疗组进行同步观察,服用目前市售的动脉硬化药物,治愈27例(占总数27%),有效41例(占总数41%),无效32例,总有效率为68%;可见,本发明中药制剂用于治疗动脉硬化效果好,治愈率高。
典型病例:
病例1:许某某,男性,58岁,临床表现为手肢麻木,两足疼痛不能行走,平时只能卧床休息不能起床,被诊断为动脉硬化,经人介绍服用了本发明中药制剂进行治疗,服用一个疗程后,症状明显改善,在别人的搀扶下可以下床活动,全身也舒服了许多,继续服用了2个疗程后,可以自己下床作运动,全身更有劲,症状基本消失,再服用一个月进行巩固治疗,症状痊愈,1年后回访未见复发。
病例2:郑某某,女性,45岁,患动脉硬化,表现为头昏头痛,偶发心绞痛,时常周身不适,记忆力明显减退。经朋友推荐服用本发明中药制剂,服用一个疗程后头晕、心绞痛的发生次数有所减少,周身不适感有所减轻,继续服用本发明药物2个疗程,临床症状全无,病情痊愈。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗动脉硬化的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述中药制剂包括如下重量份的原料:山楂叶5-15份、北刘寄奴9-15份、红曲6-15份、大沙叶10-20份、木通3-6份、菟丝子6-15份、人参叶3-9份、何首乌10-20份、狗脊10-15份、石决明10-20份、蚱蝉5-9份、丝瓜藤10-20份、桑枝8-16份、木犀花3-9份。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗动脉硬化的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述中药制剂包括如下重量份的原料:山楂叶8-12份、北刘寄奴11-13份、红曲8-12份、大沙叶13-17份、木通4-5份、菟丝子8-12份、人参叶5-7份、何首乌13-17份、狗脊11-13份、石决明13-17份、蚱蝉6-8份、丝瓜藤13-17份、桑枝10-14份、木犀花5-7份。
3.如权利要求2所述的治疗动脉硬化的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述中药制剂包括如下重量份的原料:山楂叶10份、北刘寄奴12份、红曲10份、大沙叶15份、木通5份、菟丝子10份、人参叶6份、何首乌15份、狗脊12份、石决明15份、蚱蝉7份、丝瓜藤15份、桑枝12份、木犀花6份。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一所述的治疗动脉硬化的中药制剂,其特征在于:所述中药制剂为颗粒剂、片剂或胶囊剂。
5.如权利要求4所述的治疗动脉硬化的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于所述制备方法为:按照上述重量份称取所述原料,洗净晾干,而后断碎至长度小于1cm;混合后一起倒入砂锅中,加水没过药面,浸泡40-60min,随后武火煎煮至沸腾,再转文火煎煮20-40min,过滤得药液,取滤渣用相同的方法再煎煮两次,合并三次煎煮所得药液,而后浓缩成25℃时相对密度1.20-1.30的稠膏,进而干燥、粉碎,再加入药学上可以接收的辅料,制成颗粒剂、片剂或胶囊剂。
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