CN105533800A - Energetic material for cigarette and low-temperature heated cigarette - Google Patents
Energetic material for cigarette and low-temperature heated cigarette Download PDFInfo
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- CN105533800A CN105533800A CN201510895813.6A CN201510895813A CN105533800A CN 105533800 A CN105533800 A CN 105533800A CN 201510895813 A CN201510895813 A CN 201510895813A CN 105533800 A CN105533800 A CN 105533800A
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- cigarette
- energetic material
- pointed star
- sleeve pipe
- thermal insulation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D3/00—Generation of smoke or mist (chemical part)
Abstract
The invention discloses an energetic material for a cigarette and a low-temperature heated cigarette, wherein the energetic material for the cigarette is processed by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40-55% of an oxidizing agent, 25-35% of combustible agent, 5-20% of a binding agent and 3.5-20% of other adjuvant materials; a pentagram-shaped copper barrel (13) is arranged in a heat source area (1) of the low-temperature heated cigarette; five points of the pentagram-shaped copper barrel (13) are connected to the wall of an insulating ceramic sleeve (5); and the energetic material (10) fills the pentagram-shaped copper barrel (13). The energetic material disclosed by the invention is relatively easily combustible, and the combustion speed and temperature are controllable; heat energy released from the combustion is effectively transmitted to air in the modes of transfer and radiation only; and formed hot air flows to an aerosol generating agent and tobacco shreds and is capable of heating the aerosol generating agent and the tobacco shreds, so that smoke is generated.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cigarette energetic material and low-temperature heat type cigarette, belong to novel tobacco arts.
Two, background technology
Low-temperature heat type cigarette is generally that satisfaction and tobacco flavor are passed to consumer by the mode by heating not burning tobacco, its outward appearance is also similar to traditional cigarette in consumption pattern, adapts to and meet physiological requirements and the psychological needs of consumer to a certain extent.The mode of this " heating is not burnt ", make tobacco only at a lower temperature (the interval 300-500 DEG C of ideal temperature) heated, a large amount of hazardous compounds that when avoiding result of combustion of tobacco, hot environment causes generate, and owing to substantially there is no side-stream smoke, second-hand flue gas can not be produced, can not have an impact to PE, alleviate the contradiction of smoking and public place ban on opium-smoking and the opium trade to a certain extent.
The realization of low-temperature heat type cigarette is generally be separated physically with thermal source by tobacco, and therefore, the design of thermal source is its core.At present, low temperature cigarette heating technique is divided into according to principle of heating difference: electrical heating, fuel heating and physics and chemistry heating etc. three kinds.Electrical heating is current main flow patented technology, and research is the most extensive, patent numbers is maximum, but this technology exists, and electric heating device complexity is heavy, cost is high, need change the shortcomings such as battery.Also there is the restive problem of reaction temperature in physics and chemistry heating, it is large that technology realizes difficulty.And fuel heating technique structure is simple, cheap, technical difficulty is relatively low.Therefore, fuel heating technique is just becoming the good complement of electric-heating technology, progressively comes into one's own.Fuel heating technique mainly adopts gaseous state, liquid state, solid fuel to burn to the heating of cigarette core material, and fuel is in the majority especially in solid form, is namely mainly carbon heat source, and its patent has accounted for 66.7% of fuel hot type low temperature cigarette goods patent sum.Although carbon heat source material is because having safety and stability, quickness and high efficiency, the advantage such as cheap, one of main heating source becoming low temperature cigarette, at present, it still exists, and CO burst size is too high, difficult point is fired, easily come off, the problems such as pipe tobacco of easily igniting.Although some problems can be solved by the adjustment of formula component fluctuation, physical design and processing technology, but also can bring new problem simultaneously, reduce CO burst size as patent 101098635B, CN1039711A, CN1100453A etc. add micro Nano material, but bring the trust problem of the security to low temperature cigarette; Patent CN102458165A, US4881556, CN101420876A, CN89104936.3, CN1100453A and CN103263084A etc. lead to by arranging multiple longitudinal direction the surface area adding carbon heat source material, improve sufficient combustion and igniting property, but give processing belt difficulty and challenge; Patent CN102458165A, US4714082 and CN1886069A etc. are by utilizing the heat-insulating material parcel carbon heat sources such as glass fibre, avoid caducous problem, but glass fibre can come off unavoidably and be adsorbed to that side of filter tip in the processes such as packed and transported, make smoker may in glass fibre suction body, health risk.In addition, although carbon heat source does not directly contact with tobacco, there is the possibility of the pipe tobacco that ignites in the high temperature gas flow (being greater than 800 DEG C) that carbon heat source burning produces, and pipe tobacco is once burning, will discharge a large amount of harmful components.Therefore, problems such as iting is desirable to find a kind of novel heat source material to carry out alternative carbon heat source material, CO output is too high fundamentally to solve, difficult point is fired, thermal source easily comes off.Also wish that this novel heat source material can burn (400-800 DEG C) at low temperatures, thus thoroughly avoid pipe tobacco by the problem of igniting.
Three, summary of the invention
For overcoming the above-mentioned defect of existing fuel hot type source materials, the invention provides a kind of cigarette energetic material and low-temperature heat type cigarette, have easily ignite, low combustion temperature, Absorbable organic halogens burning, without CO discharge, adeciduate advantage.
Cigarette energetic material of the present invention, is mixed and processed by the raw material of following mass fraction:
Described oxidant comprises potassium perchlorate, potassium hyperchlorate, sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, ammonium chlorate, ammonium perchlorate, potassium chromate, potassium bichromate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, nitrocellulose, nitroglycerine, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, trinitrotoluene, hexogen, otanitrocubane, ring tetramethylene four ammonium nitrate, silver azide, sodium azide, triaminoguanidine azide, glycidyl azide polymer, barium peroxide, strontium peroxide, lead peroxide, iron oxide, tri-iron tetroxide, manganese dioxide, one or more in cupric oxide etc.
Described fuel agent comprise in zirconium, magnesium, aluminium, zinc, magnadure, mg-si master alloy, silico-aluminum, Antaciron, phosphorus, carbon, calcium silicide, Tissuemat E, polyethylene powder, wood powder, coke blacking, charcoal powder, carbon black, activated carbon powder, lactose, starch, triethyl aluminum, dolomol etc., calcium stearate, zinc oleate, lithium hydride, beryllium hydride, zircoium hydride etc. one or more.
Described binding agent comprise in shellac, rosin, rosinate, phenolic resins, epoxy resin, drying oil, castor oil, tristearin, beeswax, paraffin, dextrin, guar gum, sodium alginate, pectin, Arabic gum and ethyl cellulose etc. one or more.
Other auxiliary agent described comprises catalyst, and can be one or more in cupric oxide, iron oxide, adipic acid copper, Ferrocene and its derivative etc., in order to regulate the burn rate of energetic material, consumption is 0.5 ~ 2%.
Other auxiliary agent described also comprises deterrent, and can be graphite, diatomite, convex-concave rod, zeolite, mica, hydrotalcite, imvite, aluminium oxide, silica, titanium dioxide, paraffin, camphor etc., in order to reduce the sensitivity of energetic material, consumption is 2 ~ 15%.
Other auxiliary agent described also comprises plasticizer, can be lecithin, dibatyl phithalate, phthalic acid dibutyl ester, triacetin, ethyl acetate, ethanol, nitroglycerine, diethlene glycol dinitrate, triethylene glycol dinitrate, BTTN etc., in order to regulate the processing characteristics of energetic material, consumption is 1 ~ 3%.
Each raw material dosage meets zero oxygen balance principle above.
Described energetic material ignition temperature is 400 ~ 800 DEG C.
Described energetic material burn rate is 0.5 ~ 20mm/min.
Described energetic material combustion heat burst size is 10 ~ 25KJ/g.
Low-temperature heat type cigarette of the present invention, the thermal source district 1 be connected successively from left to right by thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5 and to be placed in thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5, aerosol generating region 2, fragrance generating region 3, cigarette holder district 4 form.
Arrange the copper bucket 13 of a Five-pointed star in described thermal source district 1, five jiaos of the copper bucket 13 of described Five-pointed star connect with the tube wall of thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5, in the copper bucket 13 of described Five-pointed star, load energetic material 10.
The left side of the copper bucket of described Five-pointed star 13 has a protruding perforate 12, the height of projection of perforate 12 is 0.3 ~ 0.8mm, and the internal diameter of perforate 12 is 0.2 ~ 0.5mm, and the wall thickness of perforate 12 is identical with the wall thickness of the copper bucket of Five-pointed star 13.Arrange a circular hole 15 in described thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5 left side, size and the position of the perforate 12 of the size of circular hole 15 and position and described Five-pointed star copper bucket 13 left side projection match.
Described Five-pointed star copper bucket 13 wall thickness is 0.1 ~ 0.5mm, and circumscribed circle diameter is 4.5 ~ 8mm, and inscribed circle diameter is 2 ~ 4mm, and the length of the copper bucket of Five-pointed star 13 is equal with the length in thermal source district 1.
Space between the copper bucket of described Five-pointed star 13 and described thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5 is air heat passage 14, during cigarette smoking, air enters air heat passage 14 from five air intakes 11 being distributed in described thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5 left end, and is effectively heated with conduction and the form of radiation by the burn heat of release of energetic material 10.
Aerogel generating agent 20 is loaded, the zeolite of described aerogel generating agent 20 for adsorbing glycerine in described aerosol generating region 2; Filling pipe tobacco and spices in described fragrance generating region 3.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
The present invention has the advantage of low ignition point, low combustion temperature, Absorbable organic halogens burning containing energy base thermal source;
Of the present invention containing can base thermal source participate in without the need to outside air just can self-burning release heat, and the combustion heat release amount of energetic material effectively passes to conduction and the form of radiation and flows through thermal source ambient air, fundamentally avoid the problem that carbon heat source CO growing amount is too high;
Energetic material of the present invention is seated in the copper bucket of Five-pointed star, and the various piece of cigarette utilizes thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe to connect, the problem come off of collapsing when can not produce carbon heat source burning.
Four, accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of low-temperature heat type cigarette.
Fig. 2 is cigarette front end face left view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is air intake place of the present invention cigarette section left view.
Fig. 4 is thermal source district of the present invention longitudinal sectional drawing.
Number in the figure: 1 be thermal source district, 2 be aerosol generating region, 3 be fragrance generating region, 4 be cigarette holder district, 5 be thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe, 10 be energetic material, 11 be air intake, 12 be protruding perforate, 13 be the copper bucket of Five-pointed star, 14 be air heat passage, 15 be thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5 left side circular hole, 20 be aerogel generating agent, 30 be fragrance propellant, 40 be filter tip.
Five, detailed description of the invention
Comparative example 1
As comparative example 1, come from embodiment 1 in the patent CN10142876A of Japan tobacco Inc, its thermal source is carbon heat source.
Embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment, energetic material is mixed and processed by the raw material of following mass fraction: 45% potassium nitrate, 30% charcoal powder, 14% guar gum, 2% iron oxide, 7% graphite, 2% lecithin.
The ignition temperature of described energetic material is about 600 DEG C.
The burn rate of described energetic material is at 1.5mm/min.
The combustion heat burst size of described energetic material is at 15KJ/g.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the thermal source district 1 that the low-temperature heat type cigarette containing above-mentioned energetic material in the present embodiment is connected from left to right successively by thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5 and to be placed in thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5, aerosol generating region 2, fragrance generating region 3, cigarette holder district 4 form.
Arrange the copper bucket 13 of a Five-pointed star in described thermal source district 1, five jiaos of the copper bucket 13 of described Five-pointed star connect with the tube wall of thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5, in the copper bucket 13 of described Five-pointed star, load energetic material 10.
The left side of the copper bucket of described Five-pointed star 13 has a protruding perforate 12, the height of projection of perforate 12 is 0.4mm, and the internal diameter of perforate 12 is 0.3mm, and the wall thickness of perforate 12 is identical with the wall thickness of the copper bucket of Five-pointed star 13.Arrange a circular hole 15 in described thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5 left side, size and the position of the perforate 12 of the size of circular hole 15 and position and described Five-pointed star copper bucket 13 left side projection match.
Described Five-pointed star copper bucket 13 wall thickness is 0.3mm, and length is 35mm, and circumscribed circle diameter is 7.8mm, and inscribed circle diameter is 4mm.
Space between the copper bucket of described Five-pointed star 13 and described thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5 is air heat passage 14, during cigarette smoking, air enters air heat passage 14 from five air intakes 11 being distributed in described thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5 left end, and is effectively heated with conduction and the form of radiation by the burn heat of release of energetic material 10;
Aerogel generating agent 20 is loaded, the zeolite of described aerogel generating agent 20 for adsorbing glycerine in described aerosol generating region 2; Filling pipe tobacco and spices in described fragrance generating region 3.
Embodiment 2:
In the present embodiment, energetic material is mixed and processed by the raw material of following mass fraction: 55% nitroglycerine, 30% pectin, 2% cupric oxide, 10% diatomite, 3% lecithin.
The ignition temperature of described energetic material is about 500 DEG C.
The burn rate of described energetic material is at 1.0mm/min.
The combustion heat burst size of described energetic material is at 20KJ/g.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the thermal source district 1 that the low-temperature heat type cigarette containing above-mentioned energetic material in the present embodiment is connected from left to right successively by thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5 and to be placed in thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5, aerosol generating region 2, fragrance generating region 3, cigarette holder district 4 form.
Arrange the copper bucket 13 of a Five-pointed star in described thermal source district 1, five jiaos of the copper bucket 13 of described Five-pointed star connect with the tube wall of thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5, in the copper bucket 13 of described Five-pointed star, load energetic material 10.
The left side of the copper bucket of described Five-pointed star 13 has a protruding perforate 12, the height of projection of perforate 12 is 0.4mm, and the internal diameter of perforate 12 is 0.3mm, and the wall thickness of perforate 12 is identical with the wall thickness of the copper bucket of Five-pointed star 13.Arrange a circular hole 15 in described thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5 left side, size and the position of the perforate 12 of the size of circular hole 15 and position and described Five-pointed star copper bucket 13 left side projection match.
Described Five-pointed star copper bucket 13 wall thickness is 0.3mm, and length is 35mm, and circumscribed circle diameter is 7.8mm, and inscribed circle diameter is 4mm.
Space between the copper bucket of described Five-pointed star 13 and described thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5 is air heat passage 14, during cigarette smoking, air enters air heat passage 14 from five air intakes 11 being distributed in described thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe 5 left end, and is effectively heated with conduction and the form of radiation by the burn heat of release of energetic material 10;
Aerogel generating agent 20 is loaded, the zeolite of described aerogel generating agent 20 for adsorbing glycerine in described aerosol generating region 2; Filling pipe tobacco and spices in described fragrance generating region 3.
The low-temperature heat type cigarette containing energy base heat source comparative example 1, embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 prepared carries out kindling and flue gas evaluation, the results are shown in Table 1.
Kindling evaluation method:
Electric igniter is utilized to carry out under the air pumping volume of 2 seconds/35ml, light with lighter and set first time cigarette group arbitrarily, (aspirate second with 35ml/2 under standard aspiration condition, then, after 58 seconds again aspirate) second time cigarette group, the front end face of whole thermal source is burnt, even if the cigarette group of the burning of the whole front end face of this thermal source after second time is when also being observed more than 5 times by contact, using first time cigarette group setting value as doing live time.
The test of TPM (TPM) and CO burst size in flue gas, tests under adopting smoking machine to carry out standard aspiration condition and obtains.
Ignition time of table 1 each sample, TPM (TPM), CO and cigarette group number of times
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with carbon heat source (comparative example 1), containing can very easily light by base thermal source (embodiment 1 and embodiment 2), and CO burst size significantly reduces, in flue gas, TPM content does not obviously reduce simultaneously, illustrate containing under the prerequisite ensureing cigarette smoking amount of smoke, can significantly improving igniting property, and reduce the burst size of harmful components by base thermal source.
Claims (8)
1. a cigarette energetic material, is mixed and processed by the raw material of following mass fraction:
Described oxidant comprises potassium perchlorate, potassium hyperchlorate, sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, ammonium chlorate, ammonium perchlorate, potassium chromate, potassium bichromate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, nitrocellulose, nitroglycerine, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, trinitrotoluene, hexogen, otanitrocubane, ring tetramethylene four ammonium nitrate, silver azide, sodium azide, triaminoguanidine azide, glycidyl azide polymer, barium peroxide, strontium peroxide, lead peroxide, iron oxide, tri-iron tetroxide, manganese dioxide, one or more in cupric oxide,
Described fuel agent comprise in zirconium, magnesium, aluminium, zinc, magnadure, mg-si master alloy, silico-aluminum, Antaciron, phosphorus, carbon, calcium silicide, Tissuemat E, polyethylene powder, wood powder, coke blacking, charcoal powder, carbon black, activated carbon powder, lactose, starch, triethyl aluminum, dolomol etc., calcium stearate, zinc oleate, lithium hydride, beryllium hydride, zircoium hydride one or more;
Described binding agent comprise in shellac, rosin, rosinate, phenolic resins, epoxy resin, drying oil, castor oil, tristearin, beeswax, paraffin, dextrin, guar gum, sodium alginate, pectin, Arabic gum and ethyl cellulose one or more.
2. cigarette energetic material according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Other auxiliary agent described comprises catalyst, and be one or more in cupric oxide, iron oxide, adipic acid copper, Ferrocene and its derivative, consumption is 0.5 ~ 2%.
3. cigarette energetic material according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Other auxiliary agent described also comprises deterrent, and be one or more in graphite, diatomite, convex-concave rod, zeolite, mica, hydrotalcite, imvite, aluminium oxide, silica, titanium dioxide, paraffin, camphor, consumption is 2 ~ 15%.
4. cigarette energetic material according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Other auxiliary agent described also comprises plasticizer, for one or more in lecithin, dibatyl phithalate, phthalic acid dibutyl ester, triacetin, ethyl acetate, ethanol, nitroglycerine, diethlene glycol dinitrate, triethylene glycol dinitrate, BTTN, consumption is 1 ~ 3%.
5. cigarette energetic material according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described energetic material ignition temperature is 400 ~ 800 DEG C, and burn rate is 0.5 ~ 20mm/min, and combustion heat burst size is 10 ~ 25KJ/g.
6. the low-temperature heat type cigarette containing energetic material according to claim 1, the thermal source district (1) be connected successively from left to right by thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe (5) and to be placed in thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe (5), aerosol generating region (2), fragrance generating region (3), cigarette holder district (4) form, and it is characterized in that:
In described thermal source district (1), the copper bucket of a Five-pointed star (13) is set, five jiaos of the copper bucket of described Five-pointed star (13) connect with the tube wall of thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe (5), in the copper bucket of described Five-pointed star (13), load energetic material (10);
The left side of the copper bucket of described Five-pointed star (13) there is a protruding perforate (12); Arrange a circular hole (15) in described thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe (5) left side, size and the position of the size of circular hole (15) and position and perforate (12) match;
Space between the copper bucket of described Five-pointed star (13) and described thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe (5) is air heat passage (14), during cigarette smoking, air enters air heat passage (14) from five air intakes (11) being distributed in described thermal insulation ceramics sleeve pipe (5) left end, and is effectively heated with the form of conduction and radiation by the heat of energetic material (10) burning release.
7. low-temperature heat type cigarette according to claim 6, is characterized in that:
The height of projection of perforate (12) is 0.3 ~ 0.8mm, and internal diameter is 0.2 ~ 0.5mm, and the wall thickness of perforate (12) is identical with the wall thickness of the copper bucket of Five-pointed star (13).
8. low-temperature heat type cigarette according to claim 6, is characterized in that:
The copper bucket of described Five-pointed star (13) wall thickness is 0.1 ~ 0.5mm, and circumscribed circle diameter is 4.5 ~ 8mm, and inscribed circle diameter is 2 ~ 4mm, and the length of the copper bucket of Five-pointed star (13) is equal with the length of thermal source district (1).
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| CN107149167A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-09-12 | 南京理工大学 | Low temperature thermal source containing energy and preparation method thereof during cigarette is used |
| CN107319627A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-11-07 | 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of heating non-combustion-type tobacco article substrate and preparation method thereof using carborundum as composition |
| CN109567269A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-05 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of low temperature cigarette and preparation method thereof |
| WO2020035081A1 (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-02-20 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Modified carbon material and method for reducing carbonaceous material ignition temperature |
| CN110937966A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-31 | 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 | Multifunctional smokeless and sulfur-free firecracker propellant and preparation method thereof |
| CN110981650A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-04-10 | 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 | Multifunctional smokeless and sulfur-free moisture-proof agent for fireworks and firecrackers and preparation method thereof |
| US20200315255A1 (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-10-08 | China Tobacco Anhui Industrial Co., Ltd. | Aerosol generating article having a low temperature burning heat source |
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| CN107149167A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-09-12 | 南京理工大学 | Low temperature thermal source containing energy and preparation method thereof during cigarette is used |
| CN107319627A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-11-07 | 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of heating non-combustion-type tobacco article substrate and preparation method thereof using carborundum as composition |
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| EP3777569A4 (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2021-07-07 | China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd | Modified carbon material and method for reducing carbonaceous material ignition temperature |
| CN109567269A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-05 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of low temperature cigarette and preparation method thereof |
| CN110981650A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-04-10 | 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 | Multifunctional smokeless and sulfur-free moisture-proof agent for fireworks and firecrackers and preparation method thereof |
| CN110937966A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-31 | 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 | Multifunctional smokeless and sulfur-free firecracker propellant and preparation method thereof |
| CN114605210A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-10 | 欧阳明生 | Silicon crystal powder insensitive agent |
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