CN105527661A - Detection and leakage blocking methods of concrete building water leakage - Google Patents
Detection and leakage blocking methods of concrete building water leakage Download PDFInfo
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- CN105527661A CN105527661A CN201510921172.7A CN201510921172A CN105527661A CN 105527661 A CN105527661 A CN 105527661A CN 201510921172 A CN201510921172 A CN 201510921172A CN 105527661 A CN105527661 A CN 105527661A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0281—Repairing or restoring roofing or roof covering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/38—Concrete; ceramics; glass; bricks
- G01N33/383—Concrete, cement
Abstract
The present invention discloses a detection method of concrete building water leakage. The method comprises the steps of (1) current condition visual examination, (2) current condition measurement record, (3) aspiration measurement change, (4) the connection of a wave metre and an infrared detector, the determination of the position of a water leakage source and a water leakage path, and the determination of a water leakage serious degree by using the wave metre. The invention provides a leakage blocking method which comprises the steps of (1) drilling a waterproof layer grouting hole, (2) carrying out grouting to make a new waterproof layer, (3) making a leakage repairing reinforced grouting hole in concrete, (4) carrying out internal leakage repairing reinforced grouting, (5) sealing the water inlet of a water leakage source, and filling a water leakage path according to the water leakage serious degree. Compared with the prior art, the methods have the advantages that by using the detection and leakage blocking methods, the leakage blocking method is excellent, the defect degree of an existing concrete structure is accurately judged and the reinforcement of the concrete structure at a later period can be accurately repaired, and thus the durability of concrete is improved to play a significant role.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measuring technique and method for strengthening and repairing, particularly relate to a kind of detection and blocking method of concrete buildings leakage.
Background technology
At present, for concrete structure, the more detection blocking method leaked is used to be Japanese field, river formula leakage diagnosis and patch system.
Field, river formula leakage diagnosis method, adopts carbon dioxide (CO
2) mode of perception method carries out to leakage source detection.Step is: hole in the position first leaked by concrete structure indoor, send into carbon dioxide, then carry out gas perception in the outside of buildings, that namely carries out sending into carbon dioxide at the position that the possibility that is tentatively judged as leaking is larger detects mensuration.Finally according to the perception situation of gas perceptron, judge the position situation of the water inlet that namely leakage source leaks.
Field, river formula leak stopping engineering method, by empty positions such as a kind of distress in concrete of water soluble latex liquid injection formation percolating water path or internal cellular, this liquid can carry out hydration reaction with the moisture in concrete crack (space), after certain hour, form a kind of elastic cured latex, thus produce the sealing effect of shutoff seepage.
Field, river formula leakage diagnosis method grows up on the basis of the classic methods such as visual determining method and water filling test method, and to judging that the accuracy aspect of buildings leakage source position is greatly improved, current the method is still praised highly use in Japan.But along with the raising day by day of modern detecting, the deficiency existing for leakage detection method of field, river formula also just comes out day by day significantly.The first, the carbon dioxide owing to using during leak water detdction is a kind of gas of colorless and odorless, application the method, because naked eyes can not see the existence of gas, where is the possible position of leakage source on earth, mostly must relies on the judgement of people.If mensuration person does not have higher building structure knowledge and corresponding technique and experiences, often do not know during practical operation to set about from where, even if gas perceptron somewhere position captures certain density gas sensing, but also may not affirm that this place is exactly the precise location of leakage source.The second, this kind of mensuration mode is that local point type measures due to what adopt, so efficiency is lower, to large-area leak carry out diagnostic assays time effect not remarkable.
Field, river formula leak stopping engineering method, although be a kind of both economical repairing gimmick, but, due to it be a kind of merely in the leak stopping mode in filling gap, cavity, not from structural strengthening aspect to concrete because loss of strength crack etc. occurs causing adds solidity compensation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned deficiency, provides a kind of detection and blocking method of concrete buildings leakage.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme: a kind of detection method of concrete buildings leakage, is the flow velocity principle adopting infrared induction principle and adopt wavemeter induction gas, and the resolvability technology detecting method carried out.The equipment that this programme mainly uses has: 1) electric boring device; 2) CO
2the feeder of gas; 3) gas temperature regulating device; 4) gas dyeing apparatus 5) infrared ray thermal image device; 6) microwave detector 7) high sensitivity gas testing device; 8) thermal imagery resolver.
Specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) the visual examination of present situation:
First the position such as roof, parapet near the position leaked and buildings leakage position is carried out to the present situation observation assurance of aesthetic appearance;
(2) present situation measures record:
Start infrared ray thermal image device, microwave detector carries out infra-red thermal imaging photography to the roof parts near the leakage area removing surface interruptions thing, and microwave measurement, make detect gas send into before infrared thermal imagery record and gas velocity;
(3) mensuration of supplying gas change:
Near the top board position that leaks in doors places such as () cracks, boring is to the bottom of roof membrane, but never can damage water barrier; Then, send into the carbon dioxide after temperature regulates or dyeing gas by hole, meanwhile, in the situation of change of roof observation infra-red thermal imaging;
(4) connect wavemeter and infrared detector, determine leakage source position and water leakage path, utilize wavemeter determination severity of water leaks:
The changing condition of step (3) infra-red thermal imaging, gas flow rate is resolved, the distribution range that delineation leakage source is possible and serious conditions, then be within ± 2% with estimating precision within the scope of this, measuring concentration range is that the high sensitivity gas testing device of 0 ~ 5000PPM spills the detection of concentration to sending into gas, coordinate visual inspection dyeing gas simultaneously, thus accurately catch the water inlet position of leakage source, and detect by wavemeter the severity level that leaks.
More than detection method when being leaked by the roof of concrete structure and step.The positions such as the crack of exterior wall are betided when leaking, if there is no obstructing objects near measurand, or the minor increment (being generally more than 2 meters) required for the distance of barrier and measurand has possessed infrared ray, wavemeter is photographed, utilizes above method can reach the object accurately catching leakage source distribution and position equally.
A blocking method for concrete buildings leakage, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) water barrier grouting hole boring:
Drilling machine (bottom of the leakage source distribution range that detection is determined) near the leakage area of indoor top board is used to beat grouting hole every suitable distance (being generally about 0.5 ~ 1 meter), (aperture of grouting hole is 12mm ~ 14mm) the water barrier making the degree of depth of grouting hole just penetrate top board and do not damage above top board;
(2) new water barrier is done in slip casting:
Chew in the pre-buried slip casting of waterproof accelerating chemicals of grouting hole place, slip casting is chewed and is connected high-pressure slip-casting pipe, use manual slip casting machine to be injected by the water soluble polyurethane leak-stopping agent adding injection slurry sclerosis correctives by grouting hole successively, make slurries between roof flashing material and Roofing slab, form the new interconnection system water barrier of one deck through top board; After the injection operation in each hole is over, block grouting hole with cork immediately;
Note: water soluble polyurethane leak-stopping agent, it is pale yellow to amber transparent liquid that to be a kind of outward appearance be, it is that the single component leak stoppingization coordinated with multiple auxiliary agent by polyurethane prepolymer fills with material, be a kind of rapidly and efficiently can leakage blocking and seepage-proofing again can the macromolecular material of consolidation reinforcement.
(3) the making of inside concrete mending-leakage reinforcement grouting hole:
After the operation of step (2) is over, shelve certain hour (being generally 24 hours), after the water barrier formation gel induration injected, it is 12mm that the leakage point (crack or cellular rejected region) occurred at indoor top board outputs diameter with oscillatory type electric boring machine, the degree of depth is the grouting hole of 5mm ~ 8mm, and the spacing distance in hole is generally 0.3 ~ 0.5 meter; Surface crack or the larger leakage area of honeycomb, closed with suitable waterproof accelerating chemicals;
(4) inside concrete mending-leakage reinforcement slip casting:
Chew in the pre-buried slip casting of waterproof accelerating chemicals of grouting hole place, slip casting is chewed and is connected high-pressure slip-casting pipe, use automatic or manual slip casting machine by grouting hole, water-soluble PU grouting leak-stopping glue to be injected distress in concrete successively, after the injection operation in each hole is over, block grouting hole with cork immediately; Cork can remove after 24 hours, seals afterwards with waterproof accelerating chemicals; According to severity of water leaks filling water leakage path;
Note: water-soluble PU grouting leak-stopping glue, is a kind of one-pack-type material be made up of special polyether, polyisocyanates, auxiliary agent, fire retardant etc., has excellent water wettability, large with the material binding power such as concrete, high strength induration can be obtained.Viscosity is adjustable, can infiltrate fine cracks, can sealing leak stopping fast.Nontoxic, pollution-free, harmless.
(5) water inlet of shutoff leakage source:
This is a last step construction operation, after grouting for water plugging engineering all completes, PU fluid sealant is coated the leakage source water inlet position of buildings outside.
Note: described PU fluid sealant is made up of A and B two component, and component A has polyether glycol, polyisocyanates; B component has hardening agent, auxiliary agent and filler.The feature of this product is:
A. excellent cohesive force, can bond with the building materials such as cement, timber, metal, glass.
B. good springiness, extensibility is large, flexible, can bear seam and moves or be out of shape, good seal performance.
C. ageing-resistant, high-low temperature resistant, resistant to chemical media corrosion.Constructing operation is simple, and color can be allocated according to base material.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
(1) intuitive is had more.
As the leakage source of concrete structure, crack or released part must be had to exist.The detection method of leakage source of the present invention, use heat-conduction principle, use and have the warm regulating the qi flowing in the channels body (carbon dioxide) of temperature difference that the temperature at position, roof leaked water source (crack portion, stripping portion etc.) is changed with buildings, and utilize infrared induction principle afterwards, use infrared ray mapping device to measure the changing condition of temperature heat portrait intuitively.By objective graphical analysis and Data Analysis, thus can science, find the distribution range of leakage source intuitively.
(2) raising of efficiency.
Utilize the detection method of this leakage source, be a kind of assay method first determining face, rear assurance point, disposablely can carry out large-area detection.Compared with the local point type determination method of prior art, efficiency is significantly increased.
(3) predictability is increased.
Existing leakage diagnosis determination techniques, can only detect leakage source position that is jagged or crack, and utilize leakage source detection technique of the present invention, " early warning " position also not forming through crack or crackle can also be detected, thus also can make prediction to a certain degree for the leakage source being about to be formed.
(4) reinforcing.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art: utilize detection of the present invention and blocking method, not only plugging effect is remarkable, the defect level existed existing concrete structure accurately judges and the later stage more can accurately mending-leakage to the reinforcement of xoncrete structure, thus improve concrete permanance, also can play obvious effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram adopting infrared induction method to carry out buildings leakage source detection in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that in the present invention, new water barrier schematic diagram is made in slip casting.
Fig. 3 is inside concrete mending-leakage reinforcement slip casting schematic diagram in the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, certain flat-top industrial premises top there occurs and leaks.The roofing of this factory building is coiled material waterproof roof, and roof construction layer is assembled steel reinforced concrete slab, adopts the pea gravel concreten cementation of fissures, adopts cement mortar screeding layer levelling above concrete slab.Lay coil waterproof layer on cement screed-coat, finally adopt 20mm solid cement mortar as sealer.Through looking into, indoor water-leakage point position is near waterspout, and a close side wall.
Above is leaked, takes following detection blocking method.The steps include:
Step (1): the visual examination of present situation.
First, by naked-eye observation, real random variables is carried out to the roofing present situation near the situation of leaking of indoor top board and leaking area.Grasping indoor leaking area is at floor seam crossing or floor itself.When observing roofing situation, notice 3 places, whether first will pay special attention to observe roofing and water Luo Kou junction has the phenomenons such as stripping, cracking, breakage or water to fall mouthful latch up phenomenon marking.Second will observe cement mortar protective seam with or without cracking phenomena makes marks.The phenomenon that 3rd facade will watching neighbouring gable or parapet has free from flaw or waterproof roll end to expose.
Step (2): present situation measures record.
Carry out infrared photography by thermal infrared imager, microwave instrument roofing scope near leaking, notice that water falls the concrete manifestation of temperature heat portrait around mouth and face temperature heat portrait, gas flow rates, indicates abnormal temperature spot.
Step (3): supply gas and measure change.
Step (1) the leakage point held, if in the inside of prefabricated top board, then show that the path leaked is the shortcoming place such as crack or honeycomb of armoured concrete slab, now hole (aperture is 10 ~ 12mm) by near leakage point, through floor to cement screed-coat bottom, note not damaging coil waterproof layer.If leakage point is just in time in floor seam crossing, then bore injection well at seam crossing, the degree of depth of this hole when need not penetrate floor.Afterwards, injection well is inserted in snorkel end, send into the gas (being assumed to be carbon dioxide) through alternating temperature dyeing.Meanwhile, in the situation of change of roof observation infrared heat portrait, microwave instrument portrait, measure infra-red heat, microwave draws a portrait the situation of change before sending into gas.
Here, the object of regulation of carbon dioxide gas temperature is to make gas and floor temperature form maximum temperature contrast, thus is conducive to expression and the mensuration of infrared thermal imagery change.By to gas dyeing be can naked eyes see more directly perceived.
Step (4): connect wavemeter and infrared detector, determine leakage source position and water leakage path, utilize wavemeter determination severity of water leaks.
By surveying infrared thermal imagery to step (2) and step (3) institute, the parsing changed drawn a portrait by microwave instrument, and judgement is leaked in the distribution situation of water barrier bottom, determines the scope that leakage source exists.Be within ± 2% with estimating precision within the scope of this afterwards, measure concentration range be the high sensitivity gas determinator of 0 ~ 5000PPM to the detection sending into gas and spill position, thus catch the water inlet position of leakage source.Detect division seepage rank as wavemeter to implement again after wavemeter is checked and approved.If the gas concentration lwevel in air is set as zero, so, when the concentration spilling gas of detection is more than 200PPM, can determine that this place is leakage source water inlet.
In addition, if when having waterproof roll end to expose at vertical plane wall position or have crack to exist near coiled material, that also will carry out gas for these positions spills detection.
Following step (5), to step (9), is the working procedure of waterproofing and leakage-stopping, the content that specific practice is stated to step (5) with reference to the step (1) of [blocking method] in previous technique scheme, only lists the title of its step below.
Step (5): water barrier grouting hole is holed.
Step (6): new water barrier is done in slip casting.
Step (7): making of inside concrete mending-leakage reinforcement grouting hole.
Step (8): inside concrete mending-leakage reinforcement slip casting; According to severity of water leaks filling water leakage path.
Step (9): the water inlet of shutoff leakage source.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, certain concrete structure there occurs the phenomenon of being leaked by wall, and the place of indoor wall leakage point finds that there is crackle, and exterior wall posts dark ceramic tile, and naked-eye observation is not but seen for what abnormal occurrence.
For above example, the way measuring leak stopping is as follows:
Step (1): the visual examination of present situation.
The situation of leakage point in sight chamber, will remove during aspect if leakage point appearance is plastered, so that actual states such as the crackle observing concreting body of wall exist, crack or honeycombs.
Step (2): present situation measures record.
The situation of exterior wall near leakage point is measured with thermal infrared imager, wavemeter.Indicate region portion and the velocity of wave change of temperature anomaly.
Step (3): supply gas and measure change.
Alternating temperature carbon dioxide is sent into, the situation of change that the outer infra-red heat portrait of measuring cell, wavemeter portrait are drawn a portrait with step (2) heat by indoor water-leakage point.
Step (4): determine leakage source place.
The heat that relatively above step (2) and step (3) measure draws a portrait changing condition, thus determines the position situation that ceramic tile is peeled off.Afterwards, spill position and seriousness of leaking by aforesaid high sensitivity gas testing device mensurated gas composition, thus determine the particular location of leakage source water inlet and rank of leaking.
Step (5): the filling of ceramic tile stripping portion is reinforced.
Water soluble polyurethane leak-stopping agent is injected in the ceramic tile released part of exterior wall.It is made to form outside waterproofing reinforcement layer.
Step (6): making of inside concrete mending-leakage reinforcement grouting hole.
After the operation of step (5) is over, shelve water soluble polyurethane leak-stopping agent that certain hour etc. injects between ceramic tile and concrete bottom after consolidation, indoor water-leakage point (crack or cellular rejected region) dabbing is cleaned up, then fix slip casting with waterproof accelerating chemicals to chew, slip casting is chewed and is connected high-pressure slip-casting pipe, uses automatic or manual slip casting machine by grouting hole, water-soluble PU grouting leak-stopping glue to be injected distress in concrete successively; According to severity of water leaks filling water leakage path.
Step (7): the water inlet of shutoff leakage source.
This is a last step construction operation.After grouting for water plugging engineering all completes, PU fluid sealant is coated the leakage source water inlet position of the outside ceramic tile of buildings.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize instructions of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a detection method for concrete buildings leakage is the flow velocity principle adopting infrared induction principle and adopt wavemeter induction gas, and the resolvability technology detecting method carried out, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) the visual examination of present situation:
First the position such as roof, parapet near the position leaked and buildings leakage position is carried out to the present situation observation assurance of aesthetic appearance;
(2) present situation measures record:
Start infrared ray thermal image device, microwave detector carries out infra-red thermal imaging photography to the roof parts near the leakage area removing surface interruptions thing, and microwave measurement, make detect gas send into before infrared thermal imagery record and gas velocity;
(3) mensuration of supplying gas change:
The top board near sites boring of leaking in doors to the bottom of roof membrane, but never can damage water barrier; Then, send into the carbon dioxide after temperature regulates or dyeing gas by hole, meanwhile, in the situation of change of roof observation infra-red thermal imaging;
(4) connect wavemeter and infrared detector, determine leakage source position and water leakage path, utilize wavemeter determination severity of water leaks:
The changing condition of step (3) infra-red thermal imaging, gas flow rate is resolved, the distribution range that delineation leakage source is possible and serious conditions, then be within ± 2% with estimating precision within the scope of this, measuring concentration range is that the high sensitivity gas testing device of 0 ~ 5000PPM spills the detection of concentration to sending into gas, coordinate visual inspection dyeing gas simultaneously, thus accurately catch the water inlet position of leakage source, and detect by wavemeter the severity level that leaks.
2. a blocking method for concrete buildings leakage, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) water barrier grouting hole boring:
Use drilling machine to beat grouting hole every 0.5 ~ 1 meter near the leakage area of indoor top board, the aperture of grouting hole is 12mm ~ 14mm, and the water barrier making the degree of depth of grouting hole just penetrate top board and do not damage above top board;
(2) new water barrier is done in slip casting:
Chew in the pre-buried slip casting of waterproof accelerating chemicals of grouting hole place, slip casting is chewed and is connected high-pressure slip-casting pipe, use manual slip casting machine to be injected by the water soluble polyurethane leak-stopping agent adding injection slurry sclerosis correctives by grouting hole successively, make slurries between roof flashing material and Roofing slab, form the new interconnection system water barrier of one deck through top board; After the injection operation in each hole is over, block grouting hole with cork immediately;
(3) the making of inside concrete mending-leakage reinforcement grouting hole:
After the operation of step (2) is over, shelve 24 hours, wait after the water barrier of injection forms gel induration, diameter outputed by the leakage point oscillatory type electric boring machine occurred at indoor top board is 12mm, the degree of depth is the grouting hole of 5mm ~ 8mm, and the spacing distance in hole is generally 0.3 ~ 0.5 meter; Surface crack or the larger leakage area of honeycomb, closed with suitable waterproof accelerating chemicals;
(4) inside concrete mending-leakage reinforcement slip casting:
Chew in the pre-buried slip casting of waterproof accelerating chemicals of grouting hole place, slip casting is chewed and is connected high-pressure slip-casting pipe, use automatic or manual slip casting machine by grouting hole, water-soluble PU grouting leak-stopping glue to be injected distress in concrete successively, after the injection operation in each hole is over, block grouting hole with cork immediately; Cork can remove after 24 hours, seals afterwards with waterproof accelerating chemicals; According to severity of water leaks filling water leakage path;
(5) water inlet of shutoff leakage source:
This is a last step construction operation, after grouting for water plugging engineering all completes, PU fluid sealant is coated the leakage source water inlet position of buildings outside.
3. the blocking method of a kind of concrete buildings leakage according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described water soluble polyurethane leak-stopping agent, it is pale yellow to amber transparent liquid that to be a kind of outward appearance be, it is that the single component leak stoppingization coordinated with multiple auxiliary agent by polyurethane prepolymer fills with material.
4. the blocking method of a kind of concrete buildings leakage according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described water-soluble PU grouting leak-stopping glue is a kind of one-pack-type material be made up of special polyether, polyisocyanates, auxiliary agent, fire retardant etc.
5. the blocking method of a kind of concrete buildings leakage according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described PU fluid sealant is made up of A and B two component, and component A has polyether glycol, polyisocyanates; B component has hardening agent, auxiliary agent and filler.
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