CN105526910B - A kind of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system and method - Google Patents

A kind of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105526910B
CN105526910B CN201610070734.6A CN201610070734A CN105526910B CN 105526910 B CN105526910 B CN 105526910B CN 201610070734 A CN201610070734 A CN 201610070734A CN 105526910 B CN105526910 B CN 105526910B
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monitoring device
sea
monitoring system
signal
monitoring
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CN105526910A (en
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王川
黎俊
王国荣
谢真强
周旭
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Southwest Petroleum University
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Southwest Petroleum University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C7/00Tracing profiles
    • G01C7/02Tracing profiles of land surfaces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C5/00Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C9/00Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of sea-floor relief monitoring system and method, including monitoring system control ship, monitoring device and underwater robot (ROV);Described monitoring system control ship includes signal transceiver, signal controller and checkrow wire distributor;Described monitoring device includes signal transceiver one, signal transceiver two, pressure gauge, inclinometer, data storage, battery, crawler type base, signal transmission transponder, suspension ring and weight.The present invention will can be monitored to the sea-floor relief where exploitation of gas hydrates region, collect a large amount of sea-floor relief delta datas and be transferred in monitoring system and analyzed, understand sea-floor relief variation tendency, exploitation of gas hydrates is avoided fortuitous event occur, it is ensured that mining operations are smoothly persistently carried out.

Description

A kind of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system and method
Technical field
Field, more particularly to a kind of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system and method are equipped the present invention relates to marine oil and gas.
Background technology
Gas hydrates are also known as combustible ice, are the class ice-like knots that a kind of natural gas is formed with water under the conditions of high pressure low temperature Eutectic substance.Gas hydrates methane content is high, with polluting the advantages, large-scale development gas hydrates such as small, reserves are big It is one of development trend of following clean energy resource.Gas hydrates are mostly preserved in ocean, and its main source is seabed Organic matter is precipitated, and by bioconversion, can produce the source of the gas of abundance.At 0 DEG C, it can be generated under 30 atmospheric pressure, and pressure Higher, hydrate is less susceptible to decompose.Seabed is provided simultaneously with temperature, pressure and source of the gas, is easily formed in media voids natural Gas hydrate, therefore gas hydrates are widely distributed with global marine site, it is existing visited to calculate its reserves according to calorific value equivalent Twice of bright natural gas, oil reserve, with wide DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT.
The ocean gas hydrate overwhelming majority is distributed in the bottom sediment of 300~3000m depth of waters, and some are also distributed In unconsolidated mud, exploration and development difficulty are larger.The gas hydrates in bottom sediment are fixedly arranged at, once preserve Condition changes, and causes methane gas to discharge, and can change the physical property and mechanical property of bottom sediment, make seabed soft Change, large-scale submarine landslide occur, so as to induce submarine geological hazard, damage submarine cable, offshore oil drilling platform etc. Important job facilities;Methane is a kind of important greenhouse gases simultaneously, once great life can be caused by being discharged into air State disaster, so during natural gas hydrate exploration is developed, also to solve how to prevent gas hydrates first Naturally the key technology in terms of the environmental protection such as disintegration, unordered leakage of methane gas, can monitor the change of sea-floor relief, be adjusted with this Whole exploration and development item, it is to avoid cause serious environmental problem.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is an object of the invention to:The monitoring device and method of a kind of sea-floor relief are provided, for supervising Survey because natural gas extraction and caused by bottom sediment physical property change.So as to take precautions against the generation of submarine geological hazard. The monitoring device of seabed of the present invention deformation predominantly detect sea-floor relief sinks during exploitation of gas hydrates with Tilt two kinds of changes.It is that can be changed by monitoring the water pressure in seabed and obtained that seabed, which sinks,.And inclined angle by using The inclinometer of liquid electrolyte sensor is measured.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system, including monitoring system control ship, monitoring device and underwater robot (ROV);Described monitoring system control ship includes signal transceiver, signal controller and checkrow wire distributor;Described Monitoring device includes signal transceiver one, signal transceiver two, pressure gauge, inclinometer, data storage, battery, crawler type Base, signal transmission transponder, suspension ring and weight;
The monitoring device is offline off-line working pattern, and battery is provided with monitoring device, in whole monitoring process, Battery is powered for monitoring device;Monitoring device is provided with data storage, and storage monitoring device is measured by monitoring process Data, data collection holder simultaneously analyzes measurement data therein to obtain experimental data;The base of monitoring device uses crawler belt Formula base, to avoid the unstable error for causing to tilt flowmeter sensor measurement of sea-floor relief;Monitoring device is equipped with certain matter The weight of amount, for reducing the buoyancy that monitoring device is subject to when transferring to seabed from sea, monitoring device is reduced at seabed By ocean current or slight geological movement influenceed;
The weight is high desnity metal spheroid, is fixed on by weight relieving mechanism on crawler type base;Needing drop During low monitoring device weight, weight relieving mechanism is opened, weight loses fixation, sea bottom surface is rolled down to from crawler type base, Realize the effect of reduction monitoring device weight.
It is preferred that, the monitoring system controls signal controller, signal transceiver and the checkrow wire distributor of ship, It may be contained within above hull, signal transceiver is connected with signal controller, installed in midship;Checkrow wire distributor is The boom hoisting of checkrow wire is set, and lower base is installed at bow, base is rotary turnplate, boom tip work shape on arm Hull is stretched out under state, checkrow wire total length is 3000m, and checkrow wire material is stainless steel wire, and checkrow wire bottom is provided with hook.
It is preferred that, the monitoring device quantity is 10~15, and monitoring device is cube structure, and length, width and height are 1m, Internal structure is waterproof construction, while having anti-voltage resistance, maximum is 3000m under water using depth.
It is preferred that, the pressure gauge selects quartz crystal resonator pressure gauge, and gauge measurement scope is 0~14MPa, pressure Power correspondence depth is 0~1400m, and resolution ratio is 0.14Pa, and correspondence depth is 0.014mm;The inclinometer selects liquid electrolytic Matter inclinometer, gradient measurement scope is ± 30 °, and resolution ratio is 0.001 °.
It is preferred that, a kind of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system is additionally provided with thermometer, for detecting seabed water temperature change, During exploitation of gas hydrates, seabed water temperature changes excessive expression seabed and situation occurs, and such as earthquake, submarine volcano is quick-fried Hair, methane oxidizing archaea etc., sea-floor relief are in real-time change state.
It is preferred that, the underwater robot is rested against at the water line of monitoring system control shipboard face simultaneously in a non-operative state It is fixedly connected with hull flexibility;When needing that monitoring device is installed or monitoring device is lifted by crane, control underwater robot dive to monitoring Device location carries out operation, is floated up to after fulfiling assignment in situ and fixed.
It is preferred that, the present invention also provides a kind of application method of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system, its measuring principle and makes It is as follows with step:
A kind of measuring principle of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system is:
The change of seabed water pressure is monitored by pressure gauge, the height that seabed surface declines is determined;By measuring inclinometer The change of sensor two ends conductance detects the gradient on seabed ground;
A kind of use step of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system is:
Monitoring system control ship reaches exploitation marine site and cast anchor, and checkrow wire distributor slings monitoring device and turns to sea On, monitoring device is sent to sea bottom surface by decentralization checkrow wire, is installed in place by underwater robot, withdraws checkrow wire;Monitoring device Information in decentralization process and installation process is transmitted by signal transceiver one;Signal controller sends signal instruction to letter Signal instruction, the signal transceiver two in monitoring device is sent to by signal transceiver, and lead to by number transceiver Cross signal transmission transponder and perform corresponding operation, start pressure gauge, inclinometer and thermometer etc. in monitoring device, start The measurement now pressure of seawater, angle, the temperature of seawater of plane residing for monitoring device etc., and by the data storage surveyed in number Signal transceiver is fed back to according in holder, and by signal transceiver two, electric power is by electric power storage needed for monitoring device work Pond is provided;In order to reduce the consumption of energy, monitoring device measures a data every half an hour and recorded, other times monitoring Device is in holding state;After the completion of monitoring resultses, checkrow wire is transferred again, and underwater robot connects monitoring device by suspension ring It is connected on checkrow wire, sea is recovered to by checkrow wire distributor.
The advantage of the invention is that:
The present invention will can be monitored to the sea-floor relief where exploitation of gas hydrates region, with collecting a large amount of seabeds Shape delta data and being transferred in monitoring system is analyzed, and understands sea-floor relief variation tendency, it is to avoid gas hydrates are opened The existing fortuitous event of extraction, it is ensured that mining operations are smoothly persistently carried out.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the operating diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the monitoring device structural representation front view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the monitoring device structural representation left view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is plane distribution schematic diagram of the monitoring device in sea bottom surface of the present invention.
In figure, 1- monitoring systems control ship, 2- monitoring devices, 3- signals transceiver, 4- signal controllers, 5- yardsticks Rope distributor, 6- extracting boats, 7- signal transceivers one, 8- signal transceivers two, 9- pressure gauges, 10- data storages, 11- letters Number transmission transponder, 12- weights relieving mechanism, 13- crawler types base, 14- weights, 15- inclinometers, 16- batteries, 17- are hung Ring, 18- gas recovery wells, 19- seabeds deformed region, 20- gas hydrates layer.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples The present invention is described in detail, it will be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, is not used to Limit the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1 to 3, a kind of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system, including monitoring system control ship 1, monitoring device 2 And underwater robot;Described monitoring system control ship 1 includes signal transceiver 3, signal controller 4 and checkrow wire folding and unfolding Device 5;Described monitoring device 2 includes signal transceiver 1, signal transceiver 28, pressure gauge 9, inclinometer 15, data storage Device 10, battery 16, crawler type base 13, signal transmission transponder 11, suspension ring 17 and weight 14.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, underwater monitoring device 2 is core of the invention, wherein signal transceiver 1 and signal transmitting and receiving Device 28 receives the signal of the signal transreceiver 3 controlled from monitoring system on ship 1 and feeds back corresponding confirmation signal, two Individual signal transceiver works in the different periods respectively, and signal transceiver 1 sinks to seabed and release weight in monitoring device Reception/transmission signal when thing reclaims monitoring device, signal transceiver 28 is in monitoring device in ocean floor topographic survey process reception/transmitting Signal, signal transceiver 1 and signal transceiver 28 can change mode of operation when needing, and stop one of work Make, open another and complete signal transmitting and receiving, it is ensured that when a signal transceiver breaks down wherein, another signal is received Send out device energy normal work.Signal is transferred to signal responder unit 11 by signal transceiver 1 and signal transceiver 28, by answering Answer device 11 and perform corresponding operation or feedback information.Sea floor height can generally be associated with seawater pressure, pass through measurement Subsea pressure change can detect the falling head of sea-floor relief.Pressure gauge 9 selects quartz crystal resonator pressure gauge, pressure Power measurement range is 0~14MPa, and resolution ratio is 0.14Pa;Inclinometer 15 selects liquid electrolyte inclinometer, passes through inclinometer two The change of conductance can measure the tilt variation in seabed between lateral electrode.Measurement range is ± 30 °, and resolution ratio is 0.001 °. Monitoring device 2 is designed as offline off-line working system, avoids the system of working online from needing power transmission line and data line with this To connect the unnecessary confusion produced between sea and seabed, it is therefore desirable to which battery 16 provides power for monitoring device, Data logger 10 records the measurement data in whole monitoring process.Crawler type base 13 can keep monitoring device 2 in seabed Steady placement, when running into uneven sea bottom surface, track-face can voluntarily adjust adaptation to the ground, thus maintain balance, ensure survey Measure the accuracy of data.There is a release weight mechanism 12 on base, before monitoring device 2 transfers to seabed, discharge weight machine Weight 14 is fixed on crawler type base 13 by structure 12, is overcome the buoyancy in water and is kept the balance of monitoring device 2, in monitoring dress During putting 2 recovery, monitoring device 2 is signaled to by signal controller 4, the fixation of weight 14 is released, weight 14 is certainly Row rolls down to sea bottom surface, the weight of monitoring device 2 is reduced, to facilitate monitoring device 2 to reclaim.
As shown in figure 4, the change of the gradient in order to accurately measure seabed sinking height and seabed, it is necessary to obtain enough 2 points between pressure differential, in monitoring process, it should the horizontal range of selected distance extracting boat 6 no less than 100m place make On the basis of point, while choose multiple spot be used as measurement point.
Whole monitoring process includes all steps such as lower section installation, monitoring, recovery and numerical analysis.Monitoring device 2 is used Underwater robot is installed and reclaimed, and in order to accurately detect the TERM DEFORMATION in seabed, monitoring device 2 must be two before Mining Test It is installed in place within individual month, and terminates latter two month recycling in exploitation, with all number on analyze data holder 10 in this cycle According to progress overall numerical value analysis.
Embodiment:
The example process of the method for the invention is:The first two months are tested in exploitation of gas hydrates, several are chosen Identical monitoring device 2, is put monitoring device 2 by the checkrow wire distributor 5 on the suspension ring 17 in monitoring device 2 and control ship Enter seabed specified measurement point, the control checkrow wire of signal controller 4 distributor 5 is transferred monitoring device 2, transferred in monitoring device 2 When during the specified measurement point of seabed, signal responder unit 11 is by the feedback position signal of signal transceiver 1 on control ship Signal transceiver 3, and then signal is passed into controller 3, if monitoring device 2 does not reach seabed, signal controller 4 Then control checkrow wire distributor 5 continues to transfer checkrow wire, when monitoring device 2 reaches seabed, transmits transponder 11 by signal and passes Defeated signal is to the concurrent feedback signal of signal transceiver 28 to signal controller 4, and signal controller 4 stops decentralization checkrow wire, checkrow wire Automatically open up, depart from suspension ring 17, signal controller 4 controls checkrow wire distributor 5 to withdraw checkrow wire, to discharge next monitoring Device 2;The specified measurement point of decentralization is all centered around near gas recovery well 18, and gas recovery well 18 is stretched into gas hydrates layer 20, from Middle exploitation of gas hydrate, therefore formulation measurement point region belongs to seabed deformed region 19, using multiple monitoring devices 2 Preferably whole region can be measured;Because seabed depth is larger, from the lowered position of checkrow wire distributor 4 and specified measurement point Certain deviation is had, to not transferring to the monitoring device 2 of specified measurement point, it is necessary to transport and be installed to specified again by ROV In measurement point.After all monitoring devices are all arranged on specified measurement point, you can proceed by measurement.
In order to reduce power consumption, increase service time of battery, when monitoring device 2 is placed on the measurement point specified, whole prison Survey device 2 and be in holding state, now battery 16 is not powered.The measurement period of monitoring device 2 be 30 minutes once, every 30 Minute sends command signal by signal controller 4, and command signal is sent in monitoring device 2 by signal transreceiver 3 Signal transceiver 28, first monitoring device 2 according to command signal open it is in running order, battery 16 start power supply, treat After system is stable, pressure gauge 9 and inclinometer 15 start measurement data, and wherein measured by pressure gauge 9 is seabed water pressure, is passed through The change of measured pressure value, you can obtain dropping distance of the corresponding seabed ground in vertical direction.Inclinometer 15 is measured The three-dimensional tilt angle of sea-floor relief herein, the data transfer of measurement to data storage 10, after the completion of data record, signal Transponder 11 sends feedback signal by signal transceiver 28 to signal controller 4, and signal controller 4 is being received in feedback letter Command signal is sent by signal transreceiver 3 after number, close monitoring device 2 is to reduce power consumption.In natural gas hydration Repeatedly implement above step in thing recovery process, be continued until that Mining Test completes recycling monitoring device 2 after two months, To obtain enough measurement data, big data analysis is carried out to sea-floor relief change.
After the completion of monitoring process, recovery operation is carried out to monitoring device 2, first by seafloor robot by checkrow wire bottom Hook is connected on the suspension ring 17 of monitoring device, and signal controller 4 sends command signal by signal transreceiver 3 and filled to monitoring The weight relieving mechanism 12 in 2 is put, the weight 14 that the bottom of monitoring device 2 is installed releases installation, weight 14 is voluntarily rolled down to Sea bottom surface, the buoyancy of monitoring device 2 reduction reclaims monitoring device 2 by the buoyancy of seawater by the pull-up of checkrow wire.Monitoring device After 2 reclaim, the measurement data in data logger 10 is subjected to big data comparative analysis, corresponding dimensional topography change is drawn out Trend animation figure, obtains deformation extent of the sea-floor relief during exploitation of gas hydrates.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that the invention is not limited in aforesaid way, Without departing from the principles of the invention, moreover it is possible to further improve, these improvement also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system, it is characterised in that including monitoring system control ship (1), monitoring device (2) and Underwater robot;Described monitoring system control ship (1) includes signal transceiver (3), signal controller (4) and checkrow wire Distributor (5);Described monitoring device (2) includes signal transceiver one (7), signal transceiver two (8), pressure gauge (9), inclination Count (15), data storage (10), battery (16), crawler type base (13), signal transmission transponder (11), suspension ring (17) and Weight (14);
The monitoring device (2) is offline off-line working pattern, and battery (16) is provided with monitoring device (2), is entirely being monitored During, battery (16) is powered for monitoring device (2);Monitoring device (2) is provided with data storage (10), storage monitoring dress (2) are put in the data measured by monitoring process, data collection holder (10) simultaneously analyzes measurement data therein to be tested Data;The base of monitoring device (2) uses crawler type base (13), to avoid the unstable of sea-floor relief from causing inclinometer (15) The error of sensor measurement;Monitoring device (2) is equipped with the weight (14) of certain mass, for when transferring to seabed from sea Reduce the buoyancy that monitoring device (2) is subject to, reduction monitoring device (2) is subject at seabed ocean current or the shadow of slight geological movement Ring;
The weight (14) is high desnity metal spheroid, is fixed on by weight relieving mechanism on crawler type base (13);Needing When reducing monitoring device (2) weight, weight relieving mechanism (12) is opened, weight (14) loses fixation, from crawler type bottom Seat (13) rolls down to sea bottom surface, realizes the effect of reduction monitoring device (2) weight.
2. a kind of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the monitoring system control Signal controller (4), signal transceiver (3) and the checkrow wire distributor (5) of ship (1), may be contained within above hull, letter Number transceiver (3) is connected with signal controller (4), installed in midship;Checkrow wire distributor (5) is to be set on arm The boom hoisting of checkrow wire, lower base is installed at bow, and base is to stretch out ship under rotary turnplate, boom tip working condition Body, checkrow wire total length is 3000m, and checkrow wire material is stainless steel wire, and checkrow wire bottom is provided with hook.
3. a kind of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the monitoring device (2) Quantity is at least 10~15, and monitoring device (2) is cube structure, and length, width and height are 1m, and internal structure is waterproof construction, Have simultaneously anti-voltage resistance, maximum is 3000m under water using depth.
4. a kind of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that pressure gauge (9) choosing Quartz crystal resonator pressure gauge is used, gauge measurement scope is 0~14MPa, and pressure correspondence depth is 0~1400m, resolution ratio For 0.14Pa, correspondence depth is 0.014mm;The inclinometer (15) selects liquid electrolyte inclinometer, gradient measurement scope It it is ± 30 °, resolution ratio is 0.001 °.
5. a kind of a kind of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that sea-floor relief Variation monitoring system is provided with thermometer, for detecting seabed water temperature change.
6. a kind of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the underwater robot exists Rest against at monitoring system control ship (1) side water line and be fixedly connected with hull flexibility under off working state;Need to install When monitoring device (2) or lifting monitoring device (2), control underwater robot dive to monitoring device (2) location carries out operation, Floated up to after fulfiling assignment in situ and fixed.
7. a kind of application method of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system according to any one in claim 1~6, it is special Levy and be, its measuring principle and use step are as follows:
A kind of measuring principle of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system is:
The change of seabed water pressure is monitored by pressure gauge (9), the height that seabed surface declines is determined;By measuring inclinometer (15) change of sensor two ends conductance detects the gradient on seabed ground;
A kind of use step of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system is:
Monitoring system control ship (1) reaches exploitation marine site and cast anchor, and checkrow wire distributor (5) is sling monitoring device (2) and rotated Onto sea, monitoring device (2) is sent to sea bottom surface by decentralization checkrow wire, is installed in place by underwater robot, withdraws checkrow wire; Information of the monitoring device (2) in decentralization process and installation process is transmitted by signal transceiver one (7);Signal controller (4) send signal instruction and give signal transceiver (3), signal instruction is sent to by monitoring by signal transceiver (3) Signal transceiver two (8) in device (2), and the corresponding operation of transponder (11) execution is transmitted by signal, start monitoring and fill Pressure gauge (9), inclinometer (15) and thermometer in (2) etc. are put, starts to measure the now pressure of seawater, monitoring device (2) The angle of residing plane, temperature of seawater etc., and by the data storage surveyed in data storage (10), and received by signal Hair device two (8) feeds back to signal transceiver (3), and electric power needed for monitoring device (2) work is provided by battery (16);In order to The consumption of energy is reduced, monitoring device (2) measures a data every half an hour and recorded, other times monitoring device (2) In holding state;After the completion of monitoring resultses, checkrow wire is transferred again, and monitoring device (2) is passed through suspension ring by underwater robot (17) it is connected on checkrow wire, sea is recovered to by checkrow wire distributor (5).
CN201610070734.6A 2016-01-29 2016-01-29 A kind of sea-floor relief variation monitoring system and method Expired - Fee Related CN105526910B (en)

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CN110415348B (en) * 2019-07-31 2022-06-07 山东省地质调查院(山东省自然资源厅矿产勘查技术指导中心) Integration system based on three-dimensional geological structure model and underground water numerical simulation
CN112284326A (en) * 2020-11-09 2021-01-29 广州海洋地质调查局 Seabed deformation monitoring device and method for ocean engineering
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