CN105525375A - Method for preparing polyester staple fibers from waste polyester fibers - Google Patents
Method for preparing polyester staple fibers from waste polyester fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN105525375A CN105525375A CN201610094865.8A CN201610094865A CN105525375A CN 105525375 A CN105525375 A CN 105525375A CN 201610094865 A CN201610094865 A CN 201610094865A CN 105525375 A CN105525375 A CN 105525375A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D13/00—Complete machines for producing artificial threads
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
- D01D1/04—Melting filament-forming substances
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
- D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
- D01D4/025—Melt-blowing or solution-blowing dies
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G1/00—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling
- D01G1/02—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling to form staple fibres not delivered in strand form
- D01G1/04—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling to form staple fibres not delivered in strand form by cutting
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
- D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
- D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
- D02J1/228—Stretching in two or more steps, with or without intermediate steps
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing polyester staple fibers from waste polyester fibers and belongs to the technical field of chemical fiber preparation. The method includes leading recycled waste polyester cloth, waste polyester fiber or waste polyester lumps into a crusher, leading the crushed materials into a compacting device for water removal and compaction to obtain dried polyester waste with the moisture content being less than 200PPm, then feeding the dried polyester waste into a screw extruder for melt extrusion, meanwhile vacuumizing to remove low molecular weight substances brought into the raw materials, filtering melt extruded via a screw extruder, leading the filtered melt into a spinning box via a metering pump for melt spinning, cooling and solidifying filaments extruded from a spinneret plate via cross air blow, oiling the filaments, gathering the filaments into tows and spooling to obtain nascent fibers; gathering the nascent fibers into tows via a creel, leading the tows into a drafting system via a godet machine for drafting, discharging from the drafting system to obtain draft filaments, and performing crimping, drying, relaxation setting, cutting off and packing to obtain finished products. The process is concise, and process stability is ensured; resources are saved; preparation efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical fibre preparing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method being prepared polyester staple fiber by waste and old polyester fiber.
Background technology
The general designation of the synthetic fiber that polyester fiber (polyesterfibre) is obtained through spinning by the polyester of organic dibasic acid and dihydroxylic alcohols polycondensation.The polyester fiber polyethylene terephthalate (PET) of suitability for industrialized production is made, and the commodity of China are called terylene.This kind of fiber appearance is well-pressed, Heat stability is good, but hygroscopicity is slightly poor, for making various dress ornament and dress articles for use etc. of getting into bed.
Nineteen forty-one, the J.R. Weinfield of Britain and J.T. Dixon with terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol for first raw material succeeds in developing polyester fiber in laboratory, called after terylene (Terylene).Nineteen fifty-three, commodity are by name, and reach can synthetic fibre (Dacron), and polyester fiber is developed rapidly in countries in the world subsequently by produced in USA.The nineteen sixty world wide production of polyester fiber exceedes polyacrylonitrile fibre, within 1972, exceedes polyamide fiber again, becomes the first kind of synthetic fiber.Developing rapidly in recent years along with synthetic fiber technology, there are many new varieties in polyester fiber, such as: poly fiber (PBT), PTT Fiber (PTT), poly terephthalic acid-1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate fiber, poly-2,6-naphthalene diacid second two ester fiber (PEN), and the dacron fibre (as: CDP of multiple modification, ECDP, EDDP) etc.
Polyester fiber has long filament and short fiber, also have industrial yarn and various original liquid coloring or producer-coloured fibre etc., reach the production capacity of 5,000 ten thousand tons/year at present, the annual whole world can produce the waste and old polyester fiber of about 2,000 ten thousand tons thus, therefore the cycling and reutilization of waste and old polyester fiber can save a large amount of fossil resources, and technical scheme described below produces under this background.
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention is to provide a kind of method being prepared polyester staple fiber by waste and old polyester fiber, and the method not only can embody the recycle to resource, and preparation technology is terse, process stabilizing, row yielding are high and energy consumption is low.
Task of the present invention has been come like this, a kind of method being prepared polyester staple fiber by waste and old polyester fiber, it is the cloth that first given up by the polyester of recovery, polyester fiber or the polyester lumps that gives up that gives up is introduced in disintegrating machine broken, dewater and compacting by introducing compaction apparatus after crusher in crushing, obtain the dry polyester waste material that moisture content is less than 200PPm, again dry polyester waste material feeding screw extruder is melt extruded, and while screw extruder melt extrudes, remove to vacuumize mode the lower-molecular substance brought in raw material by the vented screw of the vacuum extractor be configured on screw extruder, the melt extruded by screw extruder is introduced prefilter through Melt Pump and is filtered, after prefilter filters, introduce manifold by measuring pump carry out melt spinning, the strand sprayed by the spinnerets of manifold solidifies through ring quenching, and after the solidification of ring quenching, strand oiled and use and reduce spinline tension and increase the cohesive force of tow, strand is assembled tow and through winding falling-barrel machine winding falling-barrel, obtain as-spun fibre, then as-spun fibre is assembled tow through creel, then import drafting system drawing-off through guiding machine, go out drafting system and obtain drafted fibre, finally successively through curling, oven dry, laxation shaping, cut-out and packing, obtain polyester staple fiber.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the inherent viscosity of described polyester waste material is 0.55-0.66dl/g.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature that described screw extruder melt extrudes is: a district 265-275 DEG C, two district 280-290 DEG C, three district 283-290 DEG C, four district 285-290 DEG C, five district 285-288 DEG C, six district 285-288 DEG C, head temperature is 283-288 DEG C.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the spinning temperature of described manifold is 283-290 DEG C, and when described winding falling-barrel machine winding falling-barrel, the gait of march of described tow is 600-800m/min.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, described spinnerets is circular jetting filament plate, and its diameter is 180 ㎜, and the quantity of the spinneret orifice on spinnerets is 250-600, and the diameter of spinneret orifice is 0.35-0.50 ㎜, and the draw ratio L/D of spinneret orifice is 3: 1.
Also have in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mode of described ring blowing is mode of drying with any one ring in ecto-entad blowing from inside to outside, and the wind-warm syndrome of ring blowing is 20-22 DEG C.
More of the present invention and in a specific embodiment, the number of channels of described drafting system drawing-off is twice, first drawing-off is carried out in water-bath or oil bath, and second drawing-off is carried out in steam chest.
In an of the present invention and then specific embodiment, the drawing temperature of described first drawing-off is 73-78 DEG C, drafting multiple be 3.6-3.8 doubly; The drawing temperature of described second drawing-off is 105-110 DEG C, and drafting multiple is 1.1-1.15 times.
Of the present invention again more and in a specific embodiment, described curling crispation number is 7-9/25 ㎜; The temperature of described bake out temperature and laxation shaping is 115-125 DEG C.
In an again of the present invention and then specific embodiment, described cut-out is that tow to be cut to length be 38-76 ㎜; The fiber number of described polyester staple fiber is 4.53-10.89dtex, and fracture strength is 2.83-3.33CN/dtex, and elongation at break is 43-64%, and 180 DEG C of dry-hot shrinkages are 6.3-7.3%.
Technical scheme provided by the invention due to relative to prior art without the need to carrying out granulation and drying, thus preparation technology is terse and contribute to guaranteeing process stabilizing; Because the raw material that uses to give up lumps for polyester give up fiber and the polyester of cloth, polyester that give up, thus can economize on resources, embody good recycling economy spirit; Because preparation efficiency is high and Equipments Setting is few, thus recruitment and energy consumption can be saved.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
First the inherent viscosity of recovery is given up cloth by being provided with for the tape transport being mingled in the metal detection device that the polyester metal given up in cloth detects is carried out fragmentation in disintegrating machine at the polyester of 0.58-0.63dl/g, the polyester size after cloth fragmentation of giving up is less than 2cm × 1cm, is namely less than 2 ㎝
2, by being delivered to compaction apparatus (also can directly introduce compaction apparatus from the discharging opening of disintegrating machine and save transport) through transport after crusher in crushing, dewater compacting, to increase bulk density, obtains the dry polyester waste material that moisture content is less than 200PPm, again dry polyester waste material feeding screw extruder is melt extruded, and while screw extruder melt extrudes, remove to vacuumize mode the lower-molecular substance brought in raw material by the vented screw of the vacuum extractor be configured on screw extruder, the temperature that screw extruder melt extrudes is: 270 DEG C, a district, two 288 DEG C, districts, three 290 DEG C, districts, four 288 DEG C, districts, five 285 DEG C, districts, six 285 DEG C, districts, head temperature is 285 DEG C, the melt extruded by screw extruder is introduced prefilter through Melt Pump and is filtered, melt spinning is carried out by the filament spinning component of measuring pump introducing manifold after prefilter filters, spinning temperature (i.e. spinning temperature) is 288 DEG C, the strand sprayed by the spinnerets of filament spinning component solidifies through ring quenching, the wind-warm syndrome of ring blowing is 20 DEG C, strand after cooling curing by oiling roller to strand oil (oil applying rate is 0.26%) use and reduce spinline tension and increase the cohesive force of tow, respectively spin a strand and assemble tow and through winding falling-barrel machine winding falling-barrel, during winding falling-barrel, the gait of march of tow is 700m/min, obtain as-spun fibre, then by large tow that as-spun fibre requires through creel integrated technique, import drafting system through guiding machine again and carry out twice drawing-off, first drawing-off is carried out in water-bath or oil bath, the temperature of drawing temperature and water-bath or oil bath is 73 DEG C, and drafting multiple is 3.6 times, enters second drawing-off after first drawing-off completes, second drawing-off is carried out in steam chest, drawing temperature and vapor (steam) temperature are 110 DEG C, and drafting multiple is 1.15 times, go out drafting system and obtain drafted fibre, finally that drafted fibre is curling through crimping machine, crispation number is 8/25 ㎜, by drying machine drying, bake out temperature is 120 DEG C, then through laxation shaping machine laxation shaping, the temperature of laxation shaping 120 DEG C, then cut off by cutting machine, the length cut off is 38 ㎜, be delivered to baling press packing after cut-out, obtain that fiber number is 6.75dtex, fracture strength is 3.16CN/dtex, elongation at break be 49.26% and 180 DEG C of dry-hot shrinkages be the polyester staple fiber of 6.75%.Spinnerets described in the present embodiment is circular jetting filament plate, and the diameter of this spinnerets is 180 ㎜, and the quantity (number) of the spinneret orifice on spinnerets is 360 (i.e. 360 holes), and the diameter of spinneret orifice is 0.40 ㎜, and the draw ratio of spinneret orifice is 3: 1.
Embodiment 2:
First the inherent viscosity of recovery is given up fiber by being provided with for the tape transport being mingled in the metal detection device that the polyester metal given up in fiber detects is carried out fragmentation in disintegrating machine at the polyester of 0.60-0.66dl/g, after useless fiber fragmentation, length is less than 2cm, by being delivered to compaction apparatus (also can directly introduce compaction apparatus from the discharging opening of disintegrating machine and save transport) through transport after disintegrating machine, dewater compacting, to increase bulk density, obtain the dry polyester waste material that moisture content is less than 200PPm, again dry polyester waste material feeding screw extruder is melt extruded, and while screw extruder melt extrudes, remove to vacuumize mode the lower-molecular substance brought in raw material by the vented screw of the vacuum extractor be configured on screw extruder, the temperature that screw extruder melt extrudes is: 275 DEG C, a district, two 290 DEG C, districts, three 295 DEG C, districts, four 290 DEG C, districts, five 288 DEG C, districts, six 288 DEG C, districts, head temperature is 288 DEG C, the melt extruded by screw extruder is introduced prefilter through Melt Pump and is filtered, melt spinning is carried out by the filament spinning component of measuring pump introducing manifold after prefilter filters, spinning temperature (i.e. spinning temperature) is 290 DEG C, the strand sprayed by the spinnerets of filament spinning component solidifies through ring quenching, the wind-warm syndrome of ring blowing is 22 DEG C, strand after cooling curing by oiling roller to strand oil (oil applying rate is 0.24%) use and reduce spinline tension and increase the cohesive force of tow, respectively spin a strand and assemble tow and through winding falling-barrel machine winding falling-barrel, during winding falling-barrel, the gait of march of tow is 800m/min, obtain as-spun fibre, then by large tow that as-spun fibre requires through creel integrated technique, import drafting system through guiding machine again and carry out twice drawing-off, first drawing-off is carried out in water-bath or oil bath, the temperature of drawing temperature and water-bath or oil bath is 75 DEG C, and drafting multiple is 3.7 times, enters second drawing-off after first drawing-off completes, second drawing-off is carried out in steam chest, drawing temperature and vapor (steam) temperature are 105 DEG C, and drafting multiple is 1.13 times, go out drafting system and obtain drafted fibre, finally that drafted fibre is curling through crimping machine, crispation number is 9/25 ㎜, by drying machine drying, bake out temperature is 125 DEG C, then through laxation shaping machine laxation shaping, the temperature of laxation shaping 125 DEG C, then cut off by cutting machine, the length cut off is 51 ㎜, be delivered to baling press packing after cut-out, obtain that fiber number is 4.53dtex, fracture strength is 3.33CN/dtex, elongation at break be 43.85% and 180 DEG C of dry-hot shrinkages be the polyester staple fiber of 6.37%.Spinnerets described in the present embodiment is circular jetting filament plate, and the diameter of this spinnerets is 180 ㎜, and the quantity (number) of the spinneret orifice on spinnerets is 600 (i.e. 600 holes), and the diameter of spinneret orifice is 0.35 ㎜, and the draw ratio of spinneret orifice is 3: 1.
Embodiment 3:
First the inherent viscosity of recovery is given up lumps by being provided with metal detection device (for detecting the metal being mixed in polyester and giving up in lumps at the polyester of 0.55-0.62dl/g, to remove) tape transport in disintegrating machine, carry out fragmentation, size after fragmentation is less than 2cm × 1cm × 0.5cm, is namely less than 1 ㎝
3, by being delivered to compaction apparatus (also can directly introduce compaction apparatus from the discharging opening of disintegrating machine and save transport) through transport after disintegrating machine, dewater compacting, to increase bulk density, obtains the dry polyester waste material that moisture content is less than 200PPm, again dry polyester waste material feeding screw extruder is melt extruded, and while screw extruder melt extrudes, remove to vacuumize mode the lower-molecular substance brought in raw material by the vented screw of the vacuum extractor be configured on screw extruder, the temperature that screw extruder melt extrudes is: 265 DEG C, a district, two 280 DEG C, districts, three 283 DEG C, districts, four 285 DEG C, districts, five 285 DEG C, districts, six 285 DEG C, districts, head temperature is 283 DEG C, the melt extruded by screw extruder is introduced prefilter through Melt Pump and is filtered, after prefilter filters, introduce filament spinning component by measuring pump carry out melt spinning, spinning temperature (i.e. spinning temperature) is 283 DEG C, the strand sprayed by the spinnerets of the filament spinning component of manifold solidifies through ring quenching, the wind-warm syndrome of ring blowing is 20 DEG C, strand after cooling curing by oiling roller to strand oil (oil applying rate is 0.28%) use and reduce spinline tension and increase the cohesive force of tow, respectively spin a strand and assemble tow and through winding falling-barrel machine winding falling-barrel, during winding falling-barrel, the gait of march of tow is 600m/min, obtain as-spun fibre, then by large tow that as-spun fibre requires through creel integrated technique, import drafting system through guiding machine again and carry out twice drawing-off, first drawing-off is carried out in water-bath or oil bath, the temperature of drawing temperature and water-bath or oil bath is 78 DEG C, and drafting multiple is 3.8 times, enters second drawing-off after first drawing-off completes, second drawing-off is carried out in steam chest, drawing temperature and vapor (steam) temperature are 108 DEG C, and drafting multiple is 1.1 times, go out drafting system and obtain drafted fibre, finally that drafted fibre is curling through crimping machine, crispation number is 7/25 ㎜, by drying machine drying, bake out temperature is 115 DEG C, then through laxation shaping machine laxation shaping, the temperature of laxation shaping 115 DEG C, then cut off by cutting machine, the length cut off is 76 ㎜, be delivered to baling press packing after cut-out, obtain that fiber number is 10.89dtex, fracture strength is 2.83CN/dtex, elongation at break be 63.61% and 180 DEG C of dry-hot shrinkages be the polyester staple fiber of 7.21%.Spinnerets described in the present embodiment is circular jetting filament plate, and the diameter of this spinnerets is 180 ㎜, and the quantity (number) of the spinneret orifice on spinnerets is 250 (i.e. 250 holes), and the diameter of spinneret orifice is 0.50 ㎜, and the draw ratio of spinneret orifice is 3: 1.
Claims (10)
1. prepared the method for polyester staple fiber by waste and old polyester fiber for one kind, it is characterized in that it is the cloth that first given up by the polyester of recovery, polyester fiber or the polyester lumps that gives up that gives up is introduced in disintegrating machine broken, dewater and compacting by introducing compaction apparatus after crusher in crushing, obtain the dry polyester waste material that moisture content is less than 200PPm, again dry polyester waste material feeding screw extruder is melt extruded, and while screw extruder melt extrudes, remove to vacuumize mode the lower-molecular substance brought in raw material by the vented screw of the vacuum extractor be configured on screw extruder, the melt extruded by screw extruder is introduced prefilter through Melt Pump and is filtered, after prefilter filters, introduce manifold by measuring pump carry out melt spinning, the strand sprayed by the spinnerets of manifold solidifies through ring quenching, and after the solidification of ring quenching, strand oiled and use and reduce spinline tension and increase the cohesive force of tow, strand is assembled tow and through winding falling-barrel machine winding falling-barrel, obtain as-spun fibre, then as-spun fibre is assembled tow through creel, then import drafting system drawing-off through guiding machine, go out drafting system and obtain drafted fibre, finally successively through curling, oven dry, laxation shaping, cut-out and packing, obtain polyester staple fiber.
2. the method being prepared polyester staple fiber by waste and old polyester fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that the inherent viscosity of described polyester waste material is 0.55-0.66dl/g.
3. the method being prepared polyester staple fiber by waste and old polyester fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the temperature that described screw extruder melt extrudes is: a district 265-275 DEG C, two district 280-290 DEG C, three district 283-290 DEG C, four district 285-290 DEG C, five district 285-288 DEG C, six district 285-288 DEG C, head temperature is 283-288 DEG C.
4. the method being prepared polyester staple fiber by waste and old polyester fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that the spinning temperature of described manifold is 283-290 DEG C, and when described winding falling-barrel machine winding falling-barrel, the gait of march of described tow is 600-800m/min.
5. the method being prepared polyester staple fiber by waste and old polyester fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described spinnerets is circular jetting filament plate, its diameter is 180 ㎜, the quantity of the spinneret orifice on spinnerets is 250-600, the diameter of spinneret orifice is 0.35-0.50 ㎜, and the draw ratio L/D of spinneret orifice is 3: 1.
6. the method being prepared polyester staple fiber by waste and old polyester fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the mode that described ring is dried is mode of drying with any one ring in ecto-entad blowing from inside to outside, the wind-warm syndrome of ring blowing is 20-22 DEG C.
7. the method being prepared polyester staple fiber by waste and old polyester fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the number of channels of described drafting system drawing-off is twice, first drawing-off is carried out in water-bath or oil bath, and second drawing-off is carried out in steam chest.
8. the method being prepared polyester staple fiber by waste and old polyester fiber according to claim 7, is characterized in that the drawing temperature of described first drawing-off is 73-78 DEG C, and drafting multiple is 3.6-3.8 times; The drawing temperature of described second drawing-off is 105-110 DEG C, and drafting multiple is 1.1-1.15 times.
9. the method being prepared polyester staple fiber by waste and old polyester fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that described curling crispation number is 7-9/25 ㎜; The temperature of described bake out temperature and laxation shaping is 115-125 DEG C.
10. the method being prepared polyester staple fiber by waste and old polyester fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that described cut-out is that tow to be cut to length be 38-76 ㎜; The fiber number of described polyester staple fiber is 4.53-10.89dtex, and fracture strength is 2.83-3.33CN/dtex, and elongation at break is 43-64%, and 180 DEG C of dry-hot shrinkages are 6.3-7.3%.
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