CN113846387A - Preparation process of waste cloth head foam spun monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber - Google Patents

Preparation process of waste cloth head foam spun monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113846387A
CN113846387A CN202111089785.0A CN202111089785A CN113846387A CN 113846387 A CN113846387 A CN 113846387A CN 202111089785 A CN202111089785 A CN 202111089785A CN 113846387 A CN113846387 A CN 113846387A
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China
Prior art keywords
drafting
waste cloth
polyester staple
staple fiber
black polyester
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CN202111089785.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
潘道东
夏军
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Yangzhou Tinfulong Technology Fiber Co ltd
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Yangzhou Tinfulong Technology Fiber Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111089785.0A priority Critical patent/CN113846387A/en
Publication of CN113846387A publication Critical patent/CN113846387A/en
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D01D5/092Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes in shafts or chimneys
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/096Humidity control, or oiling, of filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/88Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/92Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation process of a waste cloth head foamed material spun monofilament 100D black polyester short fiber, belongs to the technical field of textile regeneration, solves the problems of uniform mixing of pigments, low controllable oil content and good cooling effect in the prior art, and comprises the following steps: (1) crushing, cleaning and vacuum drying the waste cloth ends (2), mixing the foam materials with black matrixes, drying, melting and extruding, filtering by a first filter, feeding the mixture into a reaction kettle, vacuumizing to remove impurities, filtering by a second filter to obtain a melt (3), feeding the melt into a spinning box to spray out a filament body, circularly blowing and cooling by a channel device, gathering oil on an oil tanker (4) into a filament bundle, and drafting, curling, drying, loosening and shaping, cutting and packaging. The invention utilizes the waste cloth ends to soak the material for spinning, realizes the reutilization of the waste material, has the controllable oil content of less than 0.22 percent, overcomes the requirement of high oil content of fiber bundles during the prior spinning, has good dyeing uniformity of the safety belt due to the lower oil content of the fiber, and improves the cooling effect of the filament by adopting a channel device.

Description

Preparation process of waste cloth head foam spun monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of textile regeneration, and particularly relates to a preparation process of a waste cloth head foam spun monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber.
Background
The polyester fiber is a general name of synthetic fiber obtained by spinning polyester formed by polycondensation of organic dibasic acid and dihydric alcohol, the polyester fiber produced in industrialization is made of polyethylene terephthalate, the appearance of the fiber is stiff and smooth, the thermal stability is good, but the hygroscopicity is slightly poor, and the fiber is used for manufacturing various clothes and bedding articles. The polyester fibers comprise filaments and staple fibers, and also comprise industrial filaments, various dope-dyed or spun-dyed fibers and the like, and a large amount of waste polyester fibers are produced every year, so that a large amount of petrochemical resources can be saved by recycling the waste polyester fibers. The waste polyester fibers can be recycled by adopting a high-efficiency low-cost physical melting method due to single components, but the viscosity of oil-free filaments cannot be ensured in the conventional recycling process, so that the filament body cannot be formed, and meanwhile, because the temperature of a filament body melt is high, the expansion coefficient of an outlet of a spinneret orifice is large, the filament body strips are thick, heat cannot be effectively released, a sheath-core structure is easily generated, and the quality of polyester staple fibers is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process for preparing a monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber spun by a waste cloth head foam material, which is uniform in pigment mixing, low in controllable oil content and good in cooling effect, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the preparation process of the waste cloth head foam spinning monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of a waste cloth head foam spun monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing, cleaning and vacuum drying the waste cloth ends to obtain cloth end soaking materials with the water content of 140 ppm;
(2) uniformly mixing the foam material and black master, drying by a rotary drum vacuum dryer, putting into a screw extruder set for melt extrusion, melt extruding a 280-295 ℃ melt at the screw temperature of 285-305 ℃, filtering by a first filter, then feeding into a reaction kettle, vacuumizing at the vacuum degree of less than 260pa for impurity removal, and filtering by a second filter for impurity removal to obtain a uniform pigment melt;
(3) enabling the melt to enter a spinning box, enabling a spinneret plate to spray out a filament body at the speed of 350m/min, enabling a circular blowing device 500-800 cm away from the spinneret plate to perform circular blowing cooling on the filament body, enabling the filament body to enter a channel device to be cooled, oiling the filament body after cooling through an oil tanker, reducing the tension of the filament body and increasing the cohesive force of filament bundles, gathering filaments into filament bundles, and winding and falling the filament bundles into a barrel through a winding and falling machine to obtain nascent fibers;
(4) and (3) gathering the nascent fibers into tows through a gathering frame, guiding the tows into a drafting device through a yarn guide for drafting, taking the tows out of the drafting device to obtain drafted yarns, and finally sequentially curling, drying, loosening and shaping, cutting off and packing to obtain the 100D black polyester staple fibers.
Preferably, the intrinsic viscosity of the waste cloth head foam in the step (1) is 0.56 dl/g.
Preferably, in the step (2), the first filter has a filtration precision of 120 meshes, and the second filter has a filtration precision of 140 meshes.
Preferably, the shaft in the step (3) comprises an upper cooling section, an intermediate cooling section and a lower cooling section, which correspond to the entering, circulating and flowing-out stages of the filament respectively, the upper cooling section adopts a mixture of oil and water as a coolant, the intermediate cooling section adopts condensed water as a coolant, and the lower cooling section is cooled by air draft.
Preferably, in the step (3), the temperature of circular blowing is less than or equal to 20 ℃, the humidity is 75% + -15%, and the wind pressure is greater than or equal to 1500 pa.
Preferably, the number of the drafting steps of the drafting device in the step (4) is two, the first drafting step is carried out in an oil bath, the concentration of the oil bath is 2.5%, the second drafting step is carried out in a steam box, the temperature of the first drafting step is 85-95 ℃, the temperature of the second drafting step is 100 ℃, and the total drafting multiple is 4.65 times.
Preferably, the number of curls curled in the step (4) is 5.5 per 2.5cm, the setting temperature is 150 ℃, and the setting time is 45 min.
Preferably, the 100D black polyester staple fiber prepared by the preparation process has the fineness of 106dtex, the breaking strength of 2.1cN/dtex, the elongation at break of 60 percent, the controllable oil content of less than 0.22 percent and the defect of 50mg/100 g.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the waste cloth head foam material is utilized to spin the 100D black polyester staple fiber, so that the raw materials required by the conventional 100D black polyester staple fiber production are reduced, the waste materials are recycled, and meanwhile, the black master is added in the melt extrusion process, so that the pigment is uniformly mixed, and the purity of the cloth head foam material production is improved;
2. the controllable oil content of the 100D black polyester staple fiber prepared by the method is lower than 0.22%, the requirement that good weaving performance can be ensured only when the oil content of a fiber bundle reaches 0.6-1.2% in the conventional spinning process is overcome, and the safety belt is good in dyeing uniformity, stable in gloss, free of chromatic aberration and free of color spots due to the lower oil content of the fiber;
3. the invention cools the filament body through the circular blowing device and then through the channel, so that the filament body is naturally cooled and then cooled through different cooling sections, thereby ensuring the cooling effect of the crude denier fiber, and avoiding the problems that the filament body is thick and the heat cannot be timely dissipated to generate a sheath-core structure in the conventional spinning process due to high temperature and large expansion coefficient of a spinneret orifice outlet of a melt sprayed by a spinneret plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments:
example 1
(1) Crushing, cleaning and vacuum drying the waste cloth ends with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.56dl/g to obtain a cloth end foam material with the water content of 140 ppm;
(2) uniformly mixing the foam material and black master, drying the mixture by a rotary drum vacuum dryer, putting the mixture into a screw extruder set for melt extrusion, melt extruding a 280-295 ℃ melt at the screw temperature of 285-305 ℃, filtering the melt by a first filter with the filter mesh number of 120 meshes, then feeding the melt into a reaction kettle, vacuumizing the reaction kettle at the vacuum degree of less than 260pa for removing impurities, and filtering the melt by a second filter with the filter mesh number of 140 meshes for removing impurities to obtain a melt with uniform pigment;
(3) enabling the melt to enter a spinning box, enabling the melt to be sprayed out of a filament body through a spinneret plate at a speed of 350m/min, enabling the filament body to be cooled by circular blowing from a device close to the spinneret plate under the conditions that the circular blowing temperature is less than or equal to 20 ℃, the humidity is 75% +/-15% and the wind pressure is greater than or equal to 1500pa, enabling the filament body to enter a conventional channel for cooling, oiling the filament body after cooling through an oil tanker, reducing the tension of the filament body and increasing the cohesive force of the filament body, enabling aggregated filaments to be formed into filament bundles, and winding and falling the filament bundles through a winding and falling machine to obtain nascent fibers;
(4) gathering the nascent fibers into tows through a gathering frame, guiding the tows into a drafting device through a yarn guide for drafting, wherein the number of drafting passes through the drafting device is two, the first drafting is carried out in an oil bath, the concentration of the oil bath is 2.5%, the second drafting is carried out in a steam box, the temperature of the first drafting is 85-95 ℃, the temperature of the second drafting is 100 ℃, the total drafting multiple is 4.65 times, and the drafting yarns are sequentially curled, dried, loosened, shaped, cut off and packed to obtain 100D black polyester staple fibers; wherein the number of curls is 5.5 per 2.5cm, the setting temperature is 150 ℃, and the setting time is 45 min.
The 100D black polyester staple fiber prepared by the preparation process has the titer of 87dtex, the breaking strength of 2.56cN/dtex, the elongation at break of 49.26 percent, the controllable oil content of less than 0.26 percent and the defect of 50mg/100 g.
Example 2
(1) Crushing, cleaning and vacuum drying the waste cloth ends with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.56dl/g to obtain a cloth end foam material with the water content of 140 ppm;
(2) uniformly mixing the foam material and black master, drying the mixture by a rotary drum vacuum dryer, putting the mixture into a screw extruder set for melt extrusion, melt extruding a 280-295 ℃ melt at the screw temperature of 285-305 ℃, filtering the melt by a first filter with the filter mesh number of 120 meshes, then feeding the melt into a reaction kettle, vacuumizing the reaction kettle at the vacuum degree of less than 260pa for removing impurities, and filtering the melt by a second filter with the filter mesh number of 140 meshes for removing impurities to obtain a melt with uniform pigment;
(3) enabling the melt to enter a spinning box, enabling the melt to be sprayed out of a filament body through a spinneret plate at a speed of 350m/min, enabling the filament body to be blown circularly through a circular blowing device at a distance of 500-800 cm from the spinneret plate, enabling the temperature of circular blowing to be less than or equal to 20 ℃, the humidity to be 75% +/-15% and the wind pressure to be greater than or equal to 1500pa, enabling the filament body to enter a conventional channel for cooling, oiling the filament body after cooling through an oil tanker, reducing the tension of the filament body and increasing the cohesive force of the filament body, gathering filaments into the filament body, winding the filament body through a winding and barrel-falling machine, and falling the filament body into a barrel to obtain nascent fibers;
(4) gathering the nascent fibers into tows through a gathering frame, guiding the tows into a drafting device through a yarn guide for drafting, wherein the number of drafting passes through the drafting device is two, the first drafting is carried out in an oil bath, the concentration of the oil bath is 2.5%, the second drafting is carried out in a steam box, the temperature of the first drafting is 85-95 ℃, the temperature of the second drafting is 100 ℃, the total drafting multiple is 4.65 times, and the drafting yarns are sequentially curled, dried, loosened, shaped, cut off and packed to obtain 100D black polyester staple fibers; wherein the number of curls is 5.5 per 2.5cm, the setting temperature is 150 ℃, and the setting time is 45 min.
The 100D black polyester staple fiber prepared by the preparation process has the titer of 96dtex, the breaking strength of 2.8cN/dtex, the elongation at break of 43.85 percent, the controllable oil content of less than 0.24 percent and the defect of 50mg/100 g.
Example 3
(1) Crushing, cleaning and vacuum drying the waste cloth ends with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.56dl/g to obtain a cloth end foam material with the water content of 140 ppm;
(2) uniformly mixing the foam material and black master, drying the mixture by a rotary drum vacuum dryer, putting the mixture into a screw extruder set for melt extrusion, melt extruding a 280-295 ℃ melt at the screw temperature of 285-305 ℃, filtering the melt by a first filter with the filter mesh number of 120 meshes, then feeding the melt into a reaction kettle, vacuumizing the reaction kettle at the vacuum degree of less than 260pa for removing impurities, and filtering the melt by a second filter with the filter mesh number of 140 meshes for removing impurities to obtain a melt with uniform pigment;
(3) the melt enters a spinning box and is sprayed out of a filament body by a spinneret plate at the speed of 350m/min, the filament body is circularly blown and cooled by a circular blowing device at the position 500-800 cm away from the spinneret plate under the conditions that the circular blowing temperature is less than or equal to 20 ℃, the humidity is 75% +/-15% and the wind pressure is greater than or equal to 1500pa, and then the filament body enters a channel device for cooling, wherein the channel comprises an upper cooling section, a middle cooling section and a lower cooling section which respectively correspond to the entering, circulating and flowing-out stages of the filament body, the upper cooling section adopts a mixture of oil and water as a coolant, the middle cooling section adopts condensed water as the coolant, the lower cooling section is cooled by air draft, the filament body is oiled by an oil tanker after being cooled, the tension of the filament body is reduced, the cohesive force of the filament body is increased, filaments are assembled into a filament bundle, and the filament bundle is wound and dropped by a winding and dropping machine to obtain nascent fibers;
(4) gathering the nascent fibers into tows through a gathering frame, guiding the tows into a drafting device through a yarn guide for drafting, wherein the number of drafting passes through the drafting device is two, the first drafting is carried out in an oil bath, the concentration of the oil bath is 2.5%, the second drafting is carried out in a steam box, the temperature of the first drafting is 85-95 ℃, the temperature of the second drafting is 100 ℃, the total drafting multiple is 4.65 times, and the drafting yarns are sequentially curled, dried, loosened, shaped, cut off and packed to obtain 100D black polyester staple fibers; wherein the number of curls is 5.5 per 2.5cm, the setting temperature is 150 ℃, and the setting time is 45 min.
The 100D black polyester staple fiber prepared by the preparation process has the titer of 106dtex, the breaking strength of 2.1cN/dtex, the elongation at break of 60 percent, the controllable oil content of less than 0.22 percent and the defect of 50mg/100 g.
Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but rather, all equivalent changes and modifications in the shapes, structures, characteristics and spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A preparation process of a monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber spun by waste cloth ends and foam materials is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing, cleaning and vacuum drying the waste cloth ends to obtain cloth end soaking materials with the water content of 140 ppm;
(2) uniformly mixing the foam material and black master, drying by a rotary drum vacuum dryer, putting into a screw extruder set for melt extrusion, melt extruding a 280-295 ℃ melt at the screw temperature of 285-305 ℃, filtering by a first filter, then feeding into a reaction kettle, vacuumizing at the vacuum degree of less than 260pa for impurity removal, and filtering by a second filter for impurity removal to obtain a uniform pigment melt;
(3) enabling the melt to enter a spinning box, enabling a spinneret plate to spray out a filament body at the speed of 350m/min, enabling a circular blowing device 500-800 cm away from the spinneret plate to perform circular blowing cooling on the filament body, enabling the filament body to enter a channel device to be cooled, oiling the filament body after cooling through an oil tanker, reducing the tension of the filament body and increasing the cohesive force of filament bundles, gathering filaments into filament bundles, and winding and falling the filament bundles into a barrel through a winding and falling machine to obtain nascent fibers;
(4) and (3) gathering the nascent fibers into tows through a gathering frame, guiding the tows into a drafting device through a yarn guide for drafting, taking the tows out of the drafting device to obtain drafted yarns, and finally sequentially curling, drying, loosening and shaping, cutting off and packing to obtain the 100D black polyester staple fibers.
2. The process for preparing the waste cloth head foam spun monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the intrinsic viscosity of the waste cloth head foam material in the step (1) is 0.56 dl/g.
3. The process for preparing the waste cloth head foam spun monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the step (2), the filtering precision of the first filter is 120 meshes, and the filtering precision of the second filter is 140 meshes.
4. The process for preparing the waste cloth head foam spun monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the shaft in the step (3) comprises an upper cooling section, an intermediate cooling section and a lower cooling section which respectively correspond to the entering, circulating and flowing-out stages of the filament, wherein the upper cooling section adopts a mixture of oil and water as a coolant, the intermediate cooling section adopts condensed water as a coolant, and the lower cooling section is cooled by air draft.
5. The process for preparing the waste cloth head foam spun monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber according to claim 4 is characterized in that: in the step (3), the temperature of circular blowing is less than or equal to 20 ℃, the humidity is 75% +/-15%, and the wind pressure is greater than or equal to 1500 pa.
6. The process for preparing the waste cloth head foam spun monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the number of the drafting steps of the drafting device in the step (4) is two, the first drafting step is carried out in an oil bath, the concentration of the oil bath is 2.5%, the second drafting step is carried out in a steam box, the temperature of the first drafting step is 85-95 ℃, the temperature of the second drafting step is 100 ℃, and the total drafting multiple is 4.65 times.
7. The process for preparing the waste cloth head foam spun monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber according to claim 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the number of curls curled in the step (4) is 5.5 per 2.5cm, the setting temperature is 150 ℃, and the setting time is 45 min.
8. The process for preparing the waste cloth head foam spun monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the 100D black polyester staple fiber prepared by the preparation process has the titer of 106dtex, the breaking strength of 2.1cN/dtex, the elongation at break of 60 percent, the controllable oil content of less than 0.22 percent and the defect of 50mg/100 g.
CN202111089785.0A 2021-09-17 2021-09-17 Preparation process of waste cloth head foam spun monofilament 100D black polyester staple fiber Pending CN113846387A (en)

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CN115110157A (en) * 2022-06-24 2022-09-27 扬州天富龙集团股份有限公司 Regeneration system of low-odor low-VOC (volatile organic compound) environment-friendly fiber for vehicle and use method

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CN115110157A (en) * 2022-06-24 2022-09-27 扬州天富龙集团股份有限公司 Regeneration system of low-odor low-VOC (volatile organic compound) environment-friendly fiber for vehicle and use method
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