CN105523816A - Formula of soilless culture medium fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a formula of a soilless culture medium fertilizer. According to the invention, every 1000g of the culture medium comprises 600-800mg of Ca(NO3)2.4H2O, 40-60mg of KNO3, 50-80mg of KCl, 70-100mg of NH4NO3, and 200-300mg of KH2PO3. According to the formula of the soilless culture medium fertilizer, no potassium fertilizer is used during a growth period, such that unnecessary fertilizer investment can be effectively reduced, and common plant diseases which appear in traditional soil cultivation methods can be prevented. A certain amount of KH2PO3 is added during a mature period, such that potassium fertilizer is supplemented, plant fruit setting can be promoted, and maturing time can be shortened. Plant fruits can enter the market in advance, such that significant economic and social benefits are provided.

Description

Soilless culture substratum fertilizer formula

Technical field

The invention belongs to chemical-biological fertilizer field, particularly a kind of soilless culture substratum fertilizer formula.

Background technology

Fertilizer, is to provide the nutritive element that one or more plants are required, improves soil property, a class material of level of increasing soil fertility.One of basic substance of agriculture production.China when the Western Zhou Dynasty just known road weeds in field after rotting, have the effect promoting maiden cane growth.The method of green manuring and the leguminous crop method etc. with gramineous crop crop rotation is described in detail in Important Arts for the People's Welfare; Also refer to and mix with cow dung urine with crop stem, form the method for fertilizer through trample and composting.

Fertilizer is to provide the required mineral element of one or more plants, improves soil property, a class material of level of increasing soil fertility, and is one of basic substance of agriculture production.China when the Western Zhou Dynasty just known road weeds in field after rotting, have the effect promoting maiden cane growth.The method of green manuring and the leguminous crop method etc. with gramineous crop crop rotation is described in detail in Important Arts for the People's Welfare; Also refer to and mix with cow dung urine with crop stem, form the method for fertilizer through trample and composting.In fertilizer practice, describe in detail in " book of Pan victory ", emphasize to use sufficient base manure and mend spraying fertilizer to the importance of plant growth.Tang, Song Yihou are along with paddy rice is in the popularization of the Yangtze valley, and fertilising experience accumulates day by day, thus sum up the fertilization principle of " appropriate to the occasion, local product and thing should ", and namely fertilising should be determined with the change of weather, soil, crop factor.Along with the rise and development of chemical industry in modern age, various chemical fertilizer is come out one after another.The mid-eighteenth century, phosphorus is divided into straight fertilizer (only containing a kind of nutrient element) and compound manure (containing two or more nutrient element), and the former is as nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer; The latter is as the binary compound fertilizer of nitrogen phosphorus, nitrogen potassium and phosphorus potassium and N P and K Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium.Organic fertilizer comprises organic nitrogenous fertilizer, synthetic organic nitrogen fertilizer etc.What China was accustomed to using have people's Animal fecal pollution, green manure, barnyard manure, compost, make compost and biogas manure etc.Organic and inorganic fertilizer and semi-organic fertilizer are organic fertilizer and mineral manure by the fertilizer of mechanically mixing or chemical reaction.Because a kind of fertilizer often has multiple attribute, except above-mentioned classification, also have other common sorting techniques: 1. can be divided into solid and fluid fertilizer by fertilizer physical condition.Solid fertilizer is divided into again powdery and granulated fertilizer.Fluid fertilizer is the fertilizer in liquid state under normal temperature and pressure.2. press the chemical property of fertilizer, acid, the chemical alkalescence of chemistry and chemically neutral fertilizer can be divided into.3. the impact on soil reaction after being absorbed by Plant choosing by fertilizer, can be divided into physiological neutral, physiological alkalinity and physiological acidic fertilizer.4. press nutrient in fertilizer and, to the validity of plant, quick-acting, slow effect and controlled availability fertilizer can be divided into.

For adapting to the needs of agricultural modernization development, chemical fertilizer is produced except continuation increase yield, just towards high efficiency composition, and in conjunction with fertilizer machinery, transport fertile canalization, liquid manure sprinkling irrigation instrumentation future development.Liquefied ammonia, ammonium polyphosphate, Rapisol etc., because having the advantages such as the high or minor component of nutrient density is few, become the main fertilizer variety greatly developed.A lot of chemical fertilizer also trends towards making fluid fertilizer, and mixes trace element fertilizer and agricultural chemicals wherein, becomes multi-effect compound fertilizer material, is convenient to the combination of pipeline transportation and fertilizer irrigation (sprinkling irrigation, drip irrigation), has the advantage of saving of labor, water-saving and province's fertilizer.Along with the development of industrialized agriculture (as plastic greenhouse etc.), vegetables, melon and fruit will progressively be increased the demand of carbon dioxide fertilizer.But, use chemical fertilizer in large quantities for a long time, often cause environmental pollution.In order to keep Agro-ecology to balance, should advocate fertilizer and chemical fertilizer with the use of so that meet crop to nutrient requirement while avoid soil property to worsen and environmental pollution.

One, fertilizer is most important to increasing crop yield

The necessary nutritive element of higher plant comprises 16 kinds of elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and chlorine.These 16 kinds of essential nutrient elements are different at crop in-vivo content because of it, can be divided into again a large amount of, middle amount and micronutrient element.Macronutrient making to account in object the some thousandths of of dry matter to tens percent, as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc.; Middle amount and micronutrient element in the some thousandths of making to account in object dry matter to 100,000/several, as calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and chlorine etc.

The normal growth that all can have influence on crop that lacks of any one element is grown, and such as, nitrogen stress can cause plant short and small thin and delicate, leaf is the improper greens such as yellowish green, yellow orange, and during serious nitrogen stress, the remarkable early ageing of crop is also precocious, output significantly declines, and only has by lift-augmented mechanism, just can alleviate its harm.

Two, N P and K dominates China's fertilizer market, and new-type fertilizer arises at the historic moment

China's Fertilizer Industry started to develop rapidly from 1949, developmental sequence is first nitrogenous fertilizer, rear phosphate fertilizer, again potash fertilizer, compound (mixing) fertilizer, the development trend of common fertilizer kind follows the main trend of world Fertilizer industry development substantially, namely strides forward to high density and Composite direction.At present, the general layout of China's chemical fertilizer is: nitrogenous fertilizer is substantially self-sufficient, and phosphate fertilizer is on a small quantity by import, and potash fertilizer then major part needs import.

Chemical fertilizer is always the important factor of increasing crop yield, to the contribution rate of China's increases in grain production up to 40%.But, chemical fertilizer application is unreasonable for a long time, a series of problem is brought to farmland quality, chemical fertilizer practical efficiency is less than 30%, soil contamination problem is serious, pollution incident takes place frequently, the whole nation till the land area more than 10% by heavy metal contamination, wherein urban, south China about has half to plough to suffer toxic heavy metal and the petroleum-type Organic pollutants such as cadmium, arsenic, mercury.Along with the appearance of these problems, new-type fertilizer arises at the historic moment.

New-type fertilizer refers to have certain fertilizer function and certain production-increasing function, by the development and production of fertiliser production enterprise, meet industry or company standard, containing organic and inorganic, microbiobacterial agent or have mentioned component concurrently, through the new variety fertilizer of physics, chemistry, biological method processing treatment.New-type fertilizer effectively can improve that conventional fertilizers utilization ratio is low, excessive the series of problems caused such as to use, and correctly uses and can improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reach synergy volume increase, dirty object falls in decrement, is that development is efficient, green, the inevitable requirement of sustainable agriculture.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of soilless culture substratum fertilizer formula, to solve the problems of the prior art.

To achieve these goals, the present invention by the following technical solutions;

A kind of soilless culture substratum fertilizer formula, containing urea 300-500mg, Ca(NO in every 1000g substratum ₃) ₂4H ₂o600-800mg, KNO ₃40-60mg, KCl50-80mg, NH ₄nO ₃70-100mg, KH ₂pO ₃200-300mg.

Further, urea 300-500mg, Ca(NO is contained in every 1000g substratum in described vegetative period ₃) ₂4H ₂o650-700mg, NH ₄nO ₃80mg.

Further, Ca(NO is contained in every 1000g substratum of described ripening stage ₃) ₂4H ₂o600-800mg, KNO ₃40-60mg, KCl50-80mg, NH ₄nO ₃70-100mg, KH ₂pO ₃200-300mg.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: a kind of soilless culture substratum of the present invention fertilizer formula, do not use K fertile in vegetative period, can effectively reduce non-essential fertilizers input, the disease that in conventional soil cultivating method, plant is common can also be prevented, and it is fertile to add a certain amount of K in the ripening stage, promotes plant result, shortens maturation time, come into the market in advance, there is obvious economic and social benefit.

Embodiment

The technique means realized for making the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.

A kind of soilless culture substratum fertilizer formula, containing urea 300-500mg, Ca(NO in every 1000g substratum ₃) ₂4H ₂o600-800mg, KNO ₃40-60mg, KCl50-80mg, NH ₄nO ₃70-100mg, KH ₂pO ₃200-300mg.

Described vegetative period contains urea 300-500mg, Ca(NO in every 1000g substratum ₃) ₂4H ₂o650-700mg, NH ₄nO ₃80mg.

Containing Ca(NO in every 1000g substratum of described ripening stage ₃) ₂4H ₂o600-800mg, KNO ₃40-60mg, KCl50-80mg, NH ₄nO ₃70-100mg, KH ₂pO ₃200-300mg.

More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification sheets just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (3)

1. a soilless culture substratum fertilizer formula, is characterized in that, containing urea 300-500mg, Ca(NO in every 1000g substratum ₃) ₂4H ₂o600-800mg, KNO ₃40-60mg, KCl50-80mg, NH ₄nO ₃70-100mg, KH ₂pO ₃200-300mg.

2. soilless culture substratum fertilizer formula according to claim 1, is characterized in that,

Described vegetative period contains urea 300-500mg, Ca(NO in every 1000g substratum ₃) ₂4H ₂o650-700mg, NH ₄nO ₃80mg.

3. soilless culture substratum fertilizer formula according to claim 1, is characterized in that: containing Ca(NO in every 1000g substratum of described ripening stage ₃) ₂4H ₂o600-800mg, KNO ₃40-60mg, KCl50-80mg, NH ₄nO ₃70-100mg, KH ₂pO ₃200-300mg.