CN105519063B - A kind of method, apparatus and system for sending, receiving data - Google Patents
A kind of method, apparatus and system for sending, receiving data Download PDFInfo
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种发送、接收数据的方法、装置及系统,在该方案中,每一子载波采用与支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式对数据进行编码,因此,每一子载波均获得最大增益,均采用最大传输速率发送数据,因此,解决了现有技术中存在的资源浪费严重、增益较低、传输速率较低的缺陷,提高了资源利用率、提升了增益,及传输速率。
The present invention discloses a method, device and system for sending and receiving data. In this solution, each sub-carrier uses a channel coding method corresponding to the number of bits supported to be loaded to encode data. To obtain the maximum gain, the data is sent at the maximum transmission rate. Therefore, the defects of serious waste of resources, low gain and low transmission rate in the prior art are solved, and the resource utilization rate, the gain, and the transmission rate are improved. .
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及通信领域的数据传输技术,特别涉及一种发送、接收数据的方法、装置及系统。The present invention relates to data transmission technology in the communication field, and in particular, to a method, device and system for sending and receiving data.
背景技术Background technique
数据流在传输中由于各种原因可能会产生误码,从而使接收端产生图像跳跃和不连续等现象。为了解决这一问题,提出了通过信道编码对数据流进行相应处理的方案,使传输系统具有一定的纠错能力和抗干扰能力,可极大地避免数据流传送中误码的发生。Due to various reasons, the data stream may have bit errors during transmission, which will cause the receiving end to produce image jumps and discontinuities. In order to solve this problem, a scheme is proposed to process the data stream through channel coding, so that the transmission system has certain error correction and anti-interference ability, which can greatly avoid the occurrence of bit errors in the transmission of the data stream.
信道编码的过程是在源数据流中加插一些码元,从而达到在接收端进行判错和纠错的目的。在带宽固定的信道中,总的传送码率也是固定的,由于信道编码增加了数据量,其结果只能是以降低传送有用信息码率为代价,其中,编码效率为有用比特数除以总比特数的比值,不同的编码方式,其编码效率有所不同。The process of channel coding is to add and insert some symbols in the source data stream, so as to achieve the purpose of error judgment and error correction at the receiving end. In a channel with a fixed bandwidth, the total transmission code rate is also fixed. Since channel coding increases the amount of data, the result can only be at the expense of reducing the transmission useful information code rate. The coding efficiency is the number of useful bits divided by the total number of bits. The ratio of the number of bits, different encoding methods, the encoding efficiency is different.
目前,在一个系统的整个可用频带上只采用一种编码方式,虽然该方式也可以达到避免数据流传送中误码的发生,但是,对于这种单一的编码方式,其编码增益并不是在所有的场景下都是最高的,在整个可用频段内,低频率子载波的SNR(Signal to NoiseRatio,信噪比)较高,可承载的比特数较多,其相对的开销较少,因此,可以获得较高的增益,而高频率子载波的SNR较低,可承载的比特数较少,其相对的开销较大,因此,可获得的增益较少,数据流的传输速率较低,其增益还有提升的空间,存在资源浪费的情况。这种单一的编码方式,使得整个系统的数据流的传输速率较低,存在资源浪费的情况。At present, only one coding method is used in the entire available frequency band of a system. Although this method can also avoid the occurrence of bit errors in data stream transmission, for this single coding method, the coding gain is not all the same. In the entire available frequency band, the SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) of low-frequency sub-carriers is higher, the number of bits that can be carried is larger, and the relative overhead is lower. Therefore, it is possible to Higher gain is obtained, while the SNR of high-frequency sub-carriers is lower, the number of bits that can be carried is smaller, and its relative overhead is larger, therefore, less gain can be obtained, and the transmission rate of data stream is lower, and its gain There is still room for improvement, and there is a waste of resources. This single encoding method makes the transmission rate of the data stream of the whole system low, and there is a waste of resources.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明实施例提供一种发送、接收数据的方法、装置及系统,用以解决现有技术中存在的资源浪费严重、增益较低、传输速率较低的问题。Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus and system for sending and receiving data, so as to solve the problems of serious waste of resources, low gain and low transmission rate in the prior art.
本发明实施例提供的具体技术方案如下:The specific technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:
第一方面,提供一种发送数据的方法,包括:In a first aspect, a method for sending data is provided, including:
确定指定频带内子载波的信噪比SNR;Determine the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the subcarriers in the specified frequency band;
根据所述SNR确定所述子载波支持加载的比特数;并determining the number of bits supported by the sub-carrier according to the SNR; and
将所述支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式,作为所述子载波的信道编码方式;Using the channel coding mode corresponding to the number of bits to be loaded as the channel coding mode of the subcarrier;
采用所述信道编码方式对在所述子载波上发送的数据进行信道编码,并将编码后的数据在所述子载波上发送。Channel coding is performed on the data sent on the subcarriers by using the channel coding method, and the coded data is sent on the subcarriers.
结合第一方面,在第一种可能的实现方式中,确定指定频带内子载波的信噪比SNR,具体包括:With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner, determining the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of subcarriers in a specified frequency band specifically includes:
在所述子载波向接收端发送预设的固定序列信号;Send a preset fixed sequence signal to the receiving end on the subcarrier;
接收所述接收端发送的根据所述固定序列信号和接收信号之间的差值确定出的SNR。The SNR determined according to the difference between the fixed sequence signal and the received signal and sent by the receiving end is received.
结合第一方面,或者第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式,在第二种可能的实现方式中,根据所述SNR确定所述子载波支持加载的比特数,具体包括:With reference to the first aspect, or the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner, determining the number of bits supported by the subcarrier to be loaded according to the SNR, specifically including:
采用香农公式根据所述SNR确定所述子载波支持加载的比特数;Using Shannon's formula to determine the number of bits supported by the subcarrier according to the SNR;
其中,所述子载波支持加载的比特数与所述SNR呈正相关。Wherein, the number of bits supported by the subcarrier to be loaded is positively correlated with the SNR.
结合第一方面,在第三种可能的实现方式中,将所述支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式,作为所述子载波的信道编码方式,具体包括:With reference to the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner, the channel coding manner corresponding to the number of bits supported to be loaded is used as the channel coding manner of the subcarrier, specifically including:
确定所述支持加载的比特数对应的最大增益值;determining the maximum gain value corresponding to the number of bits supported to be loaded;
并将所述最大增益值对应的信道编码方式作为所述子载波的信道编码方式。The channel coding mode corresponding to the maximum gain value is used as the channel coding mode of the subcarrier.
结合第一方面,在第四种可能的实现方式中,在将所述支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式,作为所述子载波的信道编码方式之后,还包括:With reference to the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner, after the channel coding manner corresponding to the number of bits supported to be loaded is used as the channel coding manner of the subcarrier, the method further includes:
向接收端发送携带所述子载波的信道编码方式信息的信号。Send a signal carrying the channel coding mode information of the subcarrier to the receiving end.
结合第一方面,在第五种可能的实现方式中,在将所述支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式,作为所述子载波的信道编码方式之后,采用所述信道编码方式对在所述子载波上发送的数据进行信道编码之前,还包括:With reference to the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner, after the channel coding manner corresponding to the number of bits supported to be loaded is used as the channel coding manner of the subcarrier, the channel coding manner is used to Before performing channel coding on the data sent on the subcarriers, it also includes:
确定所述子载波采用对应的信道编码方式进行信道编码消耗的内存;Determine the memory consumed by channel coding of the sub-carrier using the corresponding channel coding mode;
若所述消耗的内存大于预设值,则重新确定所述子载波对应的信道编码方式,直至所述子载波采用对应的信道编码方式进行信道编码消耗的内存小于所述预设值。If the consumed memory is greater than the preset value, the channel coding mode corresponding to the subcarrier is re-determined until the memory consumed by the subcarrier for channel coding using the corresponding channel coding mode is less than the preset value.
结合第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式,在第六种可能的实现方式中,将编码后的数据在所述子载波上发送之前,还包括:With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner, before sending the encoded data on the subcarrier, the method further includes:
对所述编码后的数据进行速率匹配操作。A rate matching operation is performed on the encoded data.
第二方面,提供一种接收数据的方法,包括:In a second aspect, a method for receiving data is provided, comprising:
接收发送端发送的携带子载波的信道编码方式信息的信号;receiving a signal sent by the transmitting end that carries the channel coding mode information of the subcarriers;
采用与所述信道编码方式对应的信道解码方式,对在所述子载波上接收到的数据进行信道解码。Channel decoding is performed on the data received on the subcarrier using a channel decoding method corresponding to the channel coding method.
结合第二方面,在第一种可能的实现方式中,在接收发送端发送的携带子载波的信道编码方式信息的信号之前,还包括:With reference to the second aspect, in a first possible implementation manner, before receiving the signal carrying the channel coding mode information of the subcarriers sent by the transmitting end, the method further includes:
接收发送端在所述子载波发送的预设的固定序列信号;receiving a preset fixed sequence signal sent by the transmitting end on the subcarrier;
根据所述固定序列信号和实际接收信号之间的差值确定出的信噪比SNR;The signal-to-noise ratio SNR determined according to the difference between the fixed sequence signal and the actual received signal;
将所述SNR发送至所述发送端,以使得所述发送端根据所述SNR确定所述子载波的信道编码方式。The SNR is sent to the transmitting end, so that the transmitting end determines the channel coding mode of the subcarrier according to the SNR.
第三方面,提供一种发送数据的装置,包括:In a third aspect, a device for sending data is provided, comprising:
信噪比确定单元,用于确定指定频带内子载波的信噪比SNR;a signal-to-noise ratio determination unit, used to determine the signal-to-noise ratio SNR of the subcarriers in the specified frequency band;
比特数确定单元,用于根据所述SNR确定所述子载波支持加载的比特数;a bit number determination unit, configured to determine the number of bits supported by the subcarrier to be loaded according to the SNR;
信道编码方式确定单元,用于将所述支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式,作为所述子载波的信道编码方式;a channel coding mode determining unit, configured to use the channel coding mode corresponding to the number of bits to be loaded as the channel coding mode of the subcarrier;
发送单元,用于采用所述信道编码方式对在所述子载波上发送的数据进行信道编码,并将编码后的数据在所述子载波上发送。A sending unit, configured to perform channel coding on the data sent on the subcarrier by using the channel coding method, and send the coded data on the subcarrier.
结合第三方面,在第一种可能的实现方式中,所述信噪比确定单元具体用于:With reference to the third aspect, in a first possible implementation manner, the signal-to-noise ratio determining unit is specifically configured to:
在所述子载波向接收端发送预设的固定序列信号;Send a preset fixed sequence signal to the receiving end on the subcarrier;
接收所述接收端发送的根据所述固定序列信号和接收信号之间的差值确定出的SNR。The SNR determined according to the difference between the fixed sequence signal and the received signal and sent by the receiving end is received.
结合第三方面,或者第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式,在第二种可能的实现方式中,所述比特数确定单元具体用于:With reference to the third aspect, or the first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in the second possible implementation manner, the bit number determination unit is specifically used for:
采用香农公式根据所述SNR确定所述子载波支持加载的比特数;Using Shannon's formula to determine the number of bits supported by the subcarrier according to the SNR;
其中,所述子载波支持加载的比特数与所述SNR呈正相关。Wherein, the number of bits supported by the subcarrier to be loaded is positively correlated with the SNR.
结合第三方面,在第三种可能的实现方式中,所述信道编码方式确定单元具体用于:With reference to the third aspect, in a third possible implementation manner, the channel coding mode determining unit is specifically configured to:
确定所述支持加载的比特数对应的最大增益值;determining the maximum gain value corresponding to the number of bits supported to be loaded;
并将所述最大增益值对应的信道编码方式作为所述子载波的信道编码方式。The channel coding mode corresponding to the maximum gain value is used as the channel coding mode of the subcarrier.
结合第三方面,在第四种可能的实现方式中,所述发送单元还用于:With reference to the third aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner, the sending unit is further configured to:
向接收端发送携带所述子载波的信道编码方式信息的信号。Send a signal carrying the channel coding mode information of the subcarrier to the receiving end.
结合第三方面,在第五种可能的实现方式中,还包括判定单元,确定所述子载波采用对应的信道编码方式进行信道编码消耗的内存;With reference to the third aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner, a determination unit is further included to determine the memory consumed by channel coding the sub-carriers using the corresponding channel coding manner;
若所述消耗的内存大于预设值,则重新确定所述子载波对应的信道编码方式,直至所述子载波采用对应的信道编码方式进行信道编码消耗的内存小于所述预设值。If the consumed memory is greater than the preset value, the channel coding mode corresponding to the subcarrier is re-determined until the memory consumed by the subcarrier for channel coding using the corresponding channel coding mode is less than the preset value.
结合第三方面的第五种可能的实现方式,在第六种可能的实现方式中,所述发送单元还用于:With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the third aspect, in the sixth possible implementation manner, the sending unit is further configured to:
对所述编码后的数据进行速率匹配操作。A rate matching operation is performed on the encoded data.
第四方面,提供一种接收数据的装置,包括:In a fourth aspect, an apparatus for receiving data is provided, comprising:
接收单元,用于接收发送端发送的携带子载波的信道编码方式信息的信号;a receiving unit, configured to receive the signal carrying the channel coding mode information of the subcarriers sent by the transmitting end;
解码单元,用于采用与所述信道编码方式对应的信道解码方式,对在所述子载波上接收到的数据进行信道解码。A decoding unit, configured to perform channel decoding on the data received on the subcarriers by adopting a channel decoding method corresponding to the channel encoding method.
结合第四方面,在第一种可能的实现方式中,还包括SNR确定单元,所述SNR确定单元用于:With reference to the fourth aspect, in a first possible implementation manner, an SNR determination unit is further included, and the SNR determination unit is configured to:
接收发送端在所述子载波发送的预设的固定序列信号;receiving a preset fixed sequence signal sent by the transmitting end on the subcarrier;
根据所述固定序列信号和实际接收信号之间的差值确定出的信噪比SNR;The signal-to-noise ratio SNR determined according to the difference between the fixed sequence signal and the actual received signal;
将所述SNR发送至所述发送端,以使得所述发送端根据所述SNR确定所述子载波的信道编码方式。The SNR is sent to the transmitting end, so that the transmitting end determines the channel coding mode of the subcarrier according to the SNR.
第五方面,提供一种数据发送系统,包括:In a fifth aspect, a data sending system is provided, including:
如上所述的发送数据的装置,及如上所述的接收数据的装置。The apparatus for sending data as described above, and the apparatus for receiving data as described above.
本发明有益效果如下:The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
在现有技术下,在一个系统的整个可用频带上只采用一种编码方式,由于每一个子载波的SNR可能不同,则增益有可能不同,进而造成发送数据时存在传输速率较低、资源浪费的情况,而本发明实施例提供的方法中,确定指定频带内子载波的SNR;根据SNR确定子载波支持加载的比特数;并将支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式,作为子载波的信道编码方式;采用信道编码方式对在子载波上发送的数据进行信道编码,并将编码后的数据在子载波上发送,在该方案中,每一子载波采用支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式对数据进行编码,因此,可以实现每一子载波均采用最大传输速率发送数据,均获得最大增益,因此,解决了现有技术中存在的资源浪费严重、增益较低、传输速率较低的缺陷,提高了资源利用率、提升了增益,及传输速率。In the prior art, only one coding method is used in the entire available frequency band of a system. Since the SNR of each sub-carrier may be different, the gain may be different, resulting in a low transmission rate and waste of resources when sending data. In the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the SNR of the subcarrier in the specified frequency band is determined; the number of bits supported by the subcarrier to be loaded is determined according to the SNR; the channel coding method corresponding to the number of supported bits is used as the channel of the subcarrier. Coding mode: Channel coding is used to channel code the data sent on the subcarriers, and the encoded data is sent on the subcarriers. In this scheme, each subcarrier adopts the channel coding corresponding to the number of bits that can be loaded. Therefore, each sub-carrier can use the maximum transmission rate to transmit data, and obtain the maximum gain. Therefore, it solves the problems of serious waste of resources, low gain and low transmission rate in the prior art. Defects, improve resource utilization, increase gain, and transmission rate.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例中发送数据的方法流程图;1 is a flowchart of a method for sending data in an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例中发送数据的一个实施例;Fig. 2 is an embodiment of sending data in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例中接收数据的一个实施例;3 is an embodiment of receiving data in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例中发送数据的装置的功能结构示意图;4 is a schematic functional structure diagram of an apparatus for sending data in an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例中接收数据的装置的功能结构示意图;5 is a schematic functional structure diagram of an apparatus for receiving data in an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例中数据收发系统的示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a data transceiver system in an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
本文中术语“和/或”,仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如,A和/或B,可以表示:单独存在A,同时存在A和B,单独存在B这三种情况。另外,本文中字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。The term "and/or" in this article is only an association relationship to describe the associated objects, indicating that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, it can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and A and B exist independently B these three cases. In addition, the character "/" in this document generally indicates that the related objects are an "or" relationship.
本文中描述的技术可用于各种通信系统,例如当前2G,3G通信系统和下一代通信系统,例如全球移动通信系统(GSM,Global System for Mobile communications),码分多址(CDMA,Code Division Multiple Access)系统,时分多址(TDMA,Time DivisionMultiple Access)系统,宽带码分多址(WCDMA,Wideband Code Division MultipleAccess Wireless),频分多址(FDMA,Frequency Division Multiple Addressing)系统,正交频分多址(OFDMA,Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access)系统,单载波FDMA (SC-FDMA)系统,通用分组无线业务(GPRS,General Packet Radio Service)系统,长期演进(LTE,Long Term Evolution)系统,以及其他此类通信系统。The techniques described in this paper can be used in various communication systems such as current 2G, 3G communication systems and next generation communication systems such as Global System for Mobile communications (GSM, Global System for Mobile communications), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA, Code Division Multiple Access) Access) system, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA, Time Division Multiple Access) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access Wireless), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA, Frequency Division Multiple Addressing) system, OFDM Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) system, Single-Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS, General Packet Radio Service) system, Long Term Evolution (LTE, Long Term Evolution) system, and others such communication systems.
本发明实施例中,提供一种发送数据的方法,该方法中:确定指定频带内子载波的SNR;根据SNR确定子载波支持加载的比特数;并将支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式,作为子载波的信道编码方式;采用信道编码方式对在子载波上发送的数据进行信道编码,并将编码后的数据在子载波上发送,在该方案中,每一子载波采用支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式对数据进行编码,因此,可以实现每一子载波均采用最大传输速率发送数据,均获得最大增益,因此,解决了现有技术中存在的资源浪费严重、增益较低、传输速率较低的缺陷,提高了资源利用率、提升了增益,及传输速率。In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for sending data is provided, in which: determining the SNR of a subcarrier in a specified frequency band; determining the number of bits supported by the subcarrier to be loaded according to the SNR; As the channel coding mode of the sub-carrier; the channel coding method is used to channel code the data sent on the sub-carrier, and the encoded data is sent on the sub-carrier. In this scheme, each sub-carrier adopts the bit that supports loading The data is encoded by the channel coding method corresponding to the number of sub-carriers. Therefore, each sub-carrier can use the maximum transmission rate to transmit data, and obtain the maximum gain. Therefore, it solves the problems of serious waste of resources, low gain, and low gain in the prior art. The defect of low transmission rate improves resource utilization, increases gain, and transmission rate.
下面结合附图对本发明优选的实施方式进行详细说明。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
参阅图1所示,本发明实施例中提供一种发送数据的方法,该方法的具体过程如下:Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for sending data, and the specific process of the method is as follows:
步骤100:确定指定频带内子载波的SNR;Step 100: Determine the SNR of the subcarriers in the specified frequency band;
步骤110:根据SNR确定子载波支持加载的比特数;并Step 110: Determine the number of bits supported by the subcarrier to be loaded according to the SNR; and
步骤120:将支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式,作为子载波的信道编码方式;Step 120: Use the channel coding mode corresponding to the number of bits to be loaded as the channel coding mode of the subcarrier;
步骤130:采用信道编码方式对在子载波上发送的数据进行信道编码,并将编码后的数据在子载波上发送。Step 130: Channel coding is performed on the data sent on the subcarrier by using the channel coding method, and the coded data is sent on the subcarrier.
本发明实施例中,步骤100中的子载波可以是一个子载波,也可以是多个子载波,其中,当为多个子载波时,以每个子载波为单位,进行确定信道编码方式,此时,每个子载波的信道编码方式可以分别不同,或者,也可以将多个子载波分组,以每一组子载波为单位,进行确定信道编码方式,每一组子载波分别对应不同的信道编码方式,同一组的子载波对应相同的信道编码方式。In this embodiment of the present invention, the subcarrier in step 100 may be one subcarrier or multiple subcarriers, and in the case of multiple subcarriers, the channel coding mode is determined by taking each subcarrier as a unit. At this time, The channel coding mode of each subcarrier may be different, or, multiple subcarriers may be grouped, and each group of subcarriers may be used as a unit to determine the channel coding mode. Each group of subcarriers corresponds to a different channel coding mode. The subcarriers of the group correspond to the same channel coding scheme.
本发明实施例中,确定指定频带内子载波的SNR时,可选的,可以采用如下方式:In this embodiment of the present invention, when determining the SNR of the subcarriers in the designated frequency band, the following methods may be used:
在子载波向接收端发送预设的固定序列信号;Send a preset fixed sequence signal to the receiver on the subcarrier;
接收接收端发送的根据固定序列信号和接收信号之间的差值确定出的 SNR。Receive the SNR determined by the difference between the fixed sequence signal and the received signal sent by the receiving end.
当然,若步骤100中确定的是指定频带内每一组子载波的SNR时,此时,针对任意一组子载波,在每一个子载波处发送已知的固定训练信号,接收端在该子载波接收信号,计算接收信号与已知训练信号之间的差值,并根据差值计算SNR,计算全部SNR的平均值,并将SNR的平均值作为该组子载波的SNR,计算子载波的SNR为现有技术,在此不再进行一一详述。Of course, if what is determined in step 100 is the SNR of each group of sub-carriers in the specified frequency band, at this time, for any group of sub-carriers, a known fixed training signal is sent at each sub-carrier, and the receiving end is in this sub-carrier. The carrier receives the signal, calculates the difference between the received signal and the known training signal, calculates the SNR according to the difference, calculates the average of all SNRs, and uses the average of the SNRs as the SNR of the group of subcarriers, and calculates the SNR is the prior art, and details are not described here.
本发明实施例中,根据SNR确定子载波支持加载的比特数的方式有多种,可选的,可以采用如下方式:In this embodiment of the present invention, there are various ways to determine the number of bits supported by the subcarrier to be loaded according to the SNR. Optionally, the following ways may be adopted:
采用香农公式根据该子载波的SNR确定该子载波支持加载的比特数;Determine the number of bits supported by the sub-carrier to be loaded according to the SNR of the sub-carrier using Shannon's formula;
其中,子载波支持加载的比特数与该子载波的SNR呈正相关。Among them, the number of bits supported by a subcarrier is positively correlated with the SNR of the subcarrier.
在实际应用中,正相关(Positive correlation),是指两个变量变动方向相同,一个变量由大到小或由小到大变化时,另一个变量亦由大到小或由小到大变化。即其数据曲线的切线斜率始终大于零。如身高与体重,身高越长,体重就越重。也就是说,在正相关的情况下,一个变量随着另一个变量的变化而发生相同方向的变化(两个变量同时变大或变小)。其中,引起变化的量叫做自变量(即自己发生变化的量),另一个变量叫做因变量(即跟着自变量变化的量)。本发明实施例中,子载波支持加载的比特数随着SNR的升高而升高,随着SNR的降低而降低。In practical applications, positive correlation means that two variables change in the same direction. When one variable changes from large to small or from small to large, the other variable also changes from large to small or from small to large. That is, the tangent slope of its data curve is always greater than zero. Such as height and weight, the longer the height, the heavier the weight. That is, in the case of a positive correlation, one variable changes in the same direction as the other variable changes (both variables become larger or smaller at the same time). Among them, the amount that causes the change is called the independent variable (that is, the amount that changes by itself), and the other variable is called the dependent variable (that is, the amount that changes with the independent variable). In this embodiment of the present invention, the number of bits supported to be loaded by a subcarrier increases as the SNR increases, and decreases as the SNR decreases.
上述只是根据对应的SNR确定任意一子载波支持加载的比特数的一个实施例,在实际应用中,还有其他多种实现方式,在此不再进行一一详述。The above is only an embodiment of determining the number of bits supported by any subcarrier according to the corresponding SNR. In practical applications, there are many other implementation manners, which will not be described in detail here.
本发明实施例中,香农公式如公式一所示:In the embodiment of the present invention, Shannon's formula is shown as formula one:
B=log2(1+SNR) (公式一)B=log2(1+SNR) (Formula 1)
其中,B为支持加载的比特数。Among them, B is the number of bits to support loading.
本发明实施例中,信道编码方式有多种,可选的,为里德-所罗门码、卷积码、Turbo码、TCM(Terllis Coded Modulation,又称格码调制)码、LDPC (Low Density ParityCheck Code,低密度奇偶校验)码中的一种或任意组合,当然,在实际应用中,还有其他方式,在此不再进行一一详述。In this embodiment of the present invention, there are various channel coding methods, and the optional ones are Reed-Solomon code, convolutional code, Turbo code, TCM (Terllis Coded Modulation, also known as Trellis Code Modulation) code, LDPC (Low Density ParityCheck) code One or any combination of Low Density Parity Check) codes, of course, in practical applications, there are other methods, which will not be described in detail here.
本发明实施例中,将支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式,作为子载波的信道编码方式的实现手段有多种,例如,可以采用如下方式:In this embodiment of the present invention, the channel coding mode corresponding to the number of bits to be loaded is used as the channel coding mode of the subcarriers.
确定支持加载的比特数对应的最大增益值;Determine the maximum gain value corresponding to the number of bits supported to be loaded;
并将最大增益值对应的信道编码方式作为子载波的信道编码方式。The channel coding mode corresponding to the maximum gain value is used as the channel coding mode of the subcarrier.
当然,还有其他实现方式,在此不再进行一一详述。Of course, there are other implementation manners, which will not be described in detail here.
本发明实施例中,子载波、支持加载的比特数、增益、信道编码的对应关系如表1所示:In the embodiment of the present invention, the correspondence between subcarriers, the number of bits supported for loading, gain, and channel coding is shown in Table 1:
表1子载波、支持加载的比特数、增益、信道编码的对应关系Table 1 Correspondence of subcarriers, supported bits, gain, and channel coding
如表1所示,子载波1支持加载的比特数为8,最大增益150对应的信道编码为Turbo码,因此,子载波1采用Turbo码对待发送的数据进行信道编码,并将编码后的数据进行发送;子载波2支持加载的比特数为18,最大增益400 对应的信道编码为Turbo码,因此,子载波2采用Turbo码对待发送的数据进行信道编码,并将编码后的数据进行发送;子载波3支持加载的比特数为8,最大增益700对应的信道编码为LDPC码,因此,子载波3采用LDPC码对待发送的数据进行信道编码,并将编码后的数据进行发送。As shown in Table 1, the number of bits supported by subcarrier 1 is 8, and the channel encoding corresponding to the maximum gain of 150 is Turbo code. Therefore, subcarrier 1 uses Turbo code to channel code the data to be sent, and encodes the encoded data. Sending; The number of bits that subcarrier 2 supports to load is 18, and the channel coding corresponding to maximum gain 400 is Turbo code, therefore, subcarrier 2 adopts Turbo code to carry out channel coding on the data to be sent, and the coded data is sent; The number of bits supported by subcarrier 3 is 8, and the channel coding corresponding to the maximum gain of 700 is LDPC code. Therefore, subcarrier 3 uses LDPC code to channel code the data to be sent, and sends the encoded data.
在实际应用中,由于每种信道编码方式都包含有不同的编码长度,例如, LDPC码,它包括1/2、2/3、5/6等编码长度,其中分子代表有效字节数,分母代表总字节数,分母减去分子所得的字节数代表开销,也就是说,不同编码长度的编码效率是不同的,因此,表1里面的增益比较都是要基于在相同的编码效率情况下,不同编码方式的增益比较。In practical applications, since each channel coding method contains different coding lengths, for example, LDPC codes, which include 1/2, 2/3, 5/6 and other coding lengths, where the numerator represents the number of valid bytes and the denominator Represents the total number of bytes, and the number of bytes obtained by subtracting the numerator from the denominator represents the overhead. That is to say, the encoding efficiency of different encoding lengths is different. Therefore, the gain comparison in Table 1 is based on the same encoding efficiency. Below, the gain comparison of different coding methods.
由于接收端要将接收到的发送端发送的数据进行信道编码,因此,本发明实施例中,在将支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式,作为子载波的信道编码方式之后,还包括如下操作:Since the receiving end needs to perform channel coding on the received data sent by the sending end, in this embodiment of the present invention, after the channel coding mode corresponding to the number of bits supported to be loaded is used as the channel coding mode of the subcarrier, the following steps are further included: operate:
向接收端发送携带子载波的信道编码方式信息的信号。A signal carrying channel coding mode information of the subcarrier is sent to the receiving end.
上述操作的目的是,使得接收端获取接收到数据的子载波所采用的信道编码方式,进而根据相应的信道解码方式去对该信道上接收到的数据进行解码。The purpose of the above operations is to enable the receiving end to obtain the channel coding mode adopted by the subcarriers on which the data is received, and then decode the data received on the channel according to the corresponding channel decoding mode.
在实际应用中,若子载波均采用最大增益对应的信道编码对数据进行信道编码时,内存消耗可能大于预设值,例如,预设值为发送数据的装置可以提供的内存资源,因此,本发明实施例中,在将支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式,作为子载波的信道编码方式之后,采用信道编码方式对在子载波上发送的数据进行信道编码之前,还包括如下操作:In practical applications, if the subcarriers all use channel coding corresponding to the maximum gain to perform channel coding on data, the memory consumption may be greater than the preset value, for example, the preset value is the memory resource that can be provided by the device for sending data. In the embodiment, after the channel coding mode corresponding to the number of bits supported to be loaded is used as the channel coding mode of the subcarrier, and before the channel coding mode is used to perform channel coding on the data sent on the subcarrier, the following operations are also included:
确定子载波采用对应的信道编码方式进行信道编码消耗的内存;Determine the memory consumed by the channel coding of the sub-carriers using the corresponding channel coding method;
若消耗的内存大于预设值,则重新确定子载波对应的信道编码方式,直至子载波采用对应的信道编码方式进行信道编码消耗的内存小于预设值。If the consumed memory is greater than the preset value, the channel coding mode corresponding to the sub-carrier is re-determined until the memory consumed by the sub-carrier for channel coding using the corresponding channel coding mode is less than the preset value.
当然,若消耗的内存小于预设值,则直接采用信道编码方式对在子载波上发送的数据进行信道编码,不需要重新确定子载波对应的信道编码方式。Of course, if the consumed memory is less than the preset value, the channel coding method is directly used to perform channel coding on the data sent on the subcarriers, and the channel coding method corresponding to the subcarriers does not need to be re-determined.
例如,频带共有3组子载波:子载波1、子载波2、子载波3,子载波1 采用信道编码c1的1方式(需要消耗内存m1),子载波2采用信道编码c2方式(需要消耗内存m2),子载波3采用信道编码c1的2方式(需要消耗内存 m3),而m1+m2+m3大于实际发送数据的装置可提供的内存,则需要重新确定子载波的信道编码方式,例如,重新确定子载波1的信道编码方式,采用信道编码c1的2方式(需要消耗内存m4),若m4+m2+m3小于实际发送数据的装置可提供的内存,此时,在子载波1、子载波2、子载波3分别采用信道编码 c1的2方式、信道编码c2方式、信道编码c1的2方式对待发送的数据进行信道编码,并对编码后的数据进行发送。For example, there are 3 groups of sub-carriers in the frequency band: sub-carrier 1, sub-carrier 2, sub-carrier 3, sub-carrier 1 adopts channel coding c1 mode 1 (requires memory m1), sub-carrier 2 adopts channel coding c2 mode (needs memory consumption) m2), subcarrier 3 adopts the 2 mode of channel coding c1 (requires memory m3 consumption), and m1+m2+m3 is larger than the memory that can be provided by the device that actually sends the data, then the channel coding mode of the subcarrier needs to be re-determined, for example, Re-determine the channel coding mode of subcarrier 1, and use channel coding c1 mode 2 (memory m4 needs to be consumed). If m4+m2+m3 is less than the memory that can be provided by the device that actually sends the data, at this time, in subcarrier 1, subcarrier 1, subcarrier Carrier 2 and sub-carrier 3 use channel coding c1 2 mode, channel coding c2 mode, and channel coding c1 2 mode to channel code the data to be sent, and send the coded data.
在传输过程中,为了灵活掌握数据的传输速率,本发明实施例中,将编码后的数据在该组子载波上发送之前,还将待发送的数据进行速率匹配操作(包括打孔操作或重复操作)。在信道编码中,是利用码字相关性来检测/纠正传输过程中出现的差错(即部分信息重复、丢失、出错仍可恢复正常序列)。打孔技术就是利用此项特性,将部分冗余信息丢失并进行重排,以适应新的传输速率,到接收端后再通过解码恢复原信息序列。而重复技术就是对部分信息进行重复以实现更低的编码速率。In the transmission process, in order to flexibly grasp the transmission rate of the data, in this embodiment of the present invention, before the encoded data is sent on the group of subcarriers, a rate matching operation (including a puncturing operation or repeating operation) is also performed on the data to be sent. operate). In channel coding, the correlation of codewords is used to detect/correct errors in the transmission process (that is, part of the information is repeated, lost, and the error can still restore the normal sequence). The puncturing technology uses this feature to lose and rearrange some redundant information to adapt to the new transmission rate, and then restore the original information sequence through decoding at the receiving end. The repetition technique is to repeat part of the information to achieve a lower coding rate.
也就是说,将编码后的数据在子载波上发送之前,还包括如下操作:That is to say, before sending the encoded data on the subcarriers, the following operations are also included:
对编码后的数据进行速率匹配操作。A rate matching operation is performed on the encoded data.
其中,对数据进行速率匹配操作,包括:Among them, the rate matching operation is performed on the data, including:
对数据进行打孔操作或者对数据进行重复操作。Punch the data or repeat the data.
本发明实施例中,步骤100-130可具体应用在DSL(Digital Subscriber Line,数字用户线路)中,如,DSL中的VDSL中,或者DSL中的ADSL中。In this embodiment of the present invention, steps 100 to 130 may be specifically applied in DSL (Digital Subscriber Line, digital subscriber line), for example, in VDSL in DSL, or in ADSL in DSL.
参阅图2所示,本发明实施例中提供一种接收数据的方法,该方法的具体过程如下:Referring to FIG. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for receiving data, and the specific process of the method is as follows:
步骤200:接收发送端发送的携带子载波的信道编码方式信息的信号;Step 200: Receive a signal carrying channel coding mode information of the subcarriers sent by the transmitting end;
步骤210:采用与信道编码方式对应的信道解码方式,对在子载波上接收到的数据进行信道解码。Step 210: Channel decoding is performed on the data received on the subcarriers by using a channel decoding method corresponding to the channel coding method.
本发明实施例中,在接收发送端发送的携带子载波的信道编码方式信息的信号之前,还包括如下操作:In the embodiment of the present invention, before receiving the signal carrying the channel coding mode information of the subcarriers sent by the transmitting end, the following operations are further included:
接收发送端在子载波发送的预设的固定序列信号;receiving a preset fixed sequence signal sent by the transmitting end on the subcarrier;
根据固定序列信号和实际接收信号之间的差值确定出的SNR;SNR determined according to the difference between the fixed sequence signal and the actual received signal;
将SNR发送至发送端,以使得发送端根据SNR确定子载波的信道编码方式。The SNR is sent to the transmitting end, so that the transmitting end determines the channel coding mode of the subcarrier according to the SNR.
为了更好地理解本发明实施例,以下给出具体应用场景,针对发送数据的过程,作出进一步详细描述,如图3所示:In order to better understand the embodiments of the present invention, specific application scenarios are given below, and a further detailed description is made for the process of sending data, as shown in FIG. 3 :
步骤300:确定频带内的3组子载波分别对应的SNR;Step 300: Determine the SNRs corresponding to the three groups of subcarriers in the frequency band respectively;
步骤310:根据公式一分别确定3组子载波支持加载的比特数分别为8、 18、8;Step 310: According to formula 1, respectively determine that the number of bits supported by the three groups of subcarriers to be loaded is 8, 18, and 8;
其中,3组子载波:子载波1、子载波2、子载波3分别与支持加载的比特数、信道编码、增益的对应关系如表1所示。Among them, the correspondence between the three groups of subcarriers: subcarrier 1, subcarrier 2, and subcarrier 3, respectively, and the number of bits supported for loading, channel coding, and gain are shown in Table 1.
步骤320:根据表1确定出子载波1最大增益对应的信道编码为Turbo码、子载波2最大增益对应的信道编码为Turbo码、子载波3最大增益对应的信道编码为LDPC码;Step 320: Determine according to Table 1 that the channel coding corresponding to the maximum gain of subcarrier 1 is a Turbo code, the channel coding corresponding to the maximum gain of subcarrier 2 is a Turbo code, and the channel coding corresponding to the maximum gain of subcarrier 3 is an LDPC code;
步骤330:在子载波1、子载波2、子载波3分别采用Turbo码、Turbo码、 LDPC码,对待发送的数据进行信道编码;Step 330: Use Turbo code, Turbo code, and LDPC code on subcarrier 1, subcarrier 2, and subcarrier 3, respectively, to perform channel coding on the data to be sent;
步骤340:对编码后的数据进行打孔操作,并将打孔后的数据进行发送。Step 340: Perform a puncturing operation on the encoded data, and send the punctured data.
基于上述技术方案,参阅图4所示,本发明实施例提供一种发送数据的装置400,该装置400包括信噪比确定单元40、比特数确定单元41、信道编码方式确定单元42,及发送单元43,其中,Based on the above technical solution, referring to FIG. 4 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus 400 for transmitting data. The apparatus 400 includes a signal-to-noise ratio determination unit 40, a bit number determination unit 41, a channel coding method determination unit 42, and a transmission Unit 43, where,
信噪比确定单元40,用于确定指定频带内子载波的信噪比SNR;a signal-to-noise ratio determining unit 40, configured to determine the signal-to-noise ratio SNR of the subcarriers in the specified frequency band;
比特数确定单元41,用于根据SNR确定子载波支持加载的比特数;A bit number determination unit 41, configured to determine the number of bits supported by the subcarrier to be loaded according to the SNR;
信道编码方式确定单元42,用于将支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式,作为子载波的信道编码方式;a channel coding mode determining unit 42, configured to use the channel coding mode corresponding to the number of bits to be loaded as the channel coding mode of the subcarrier;
发送单元43,用于采用信道编码方式对在子载波上发送的数据进行信道编码,并将编码后的数据在子载波上发送。The sending unit 43 is configured to perform channel coding on the data sent on the subcarriers by using a channel coding method, and send the encoded data on the subcarriers.
可选的,本发明实施例中,信噪比确定单元40具体用于:Optionally, in this embodiment of the present invention, the signal-to-noise ratio determining unit 40 is specifically configured to:
在子载波向接收端发送预设的固定序列信号;Send a preset fixed sequence signal to the receiver on the subcarrier;
接收接收端发送的根据固定序列信号和接收信号之间的差值确定出的 SNR。Receive the SNR determined by the difference between the fixed sequence signal and the received signal sent by the receiving end.
可选的,本发明实施例中,比特数确定单元41具体用于:Optionally, in this embodiment of the present invention, the number of bits determining unit 41 is specifically configured to:
采用香农公式根据SNR确定子载波支持加载的比特数;Adopt Shannon formula to determine the number of bits supported by subcarrier according to SNR;
其中,子载波支持加载的比特数与SNR呈正相关。Among them, the number of bits loaded by the subcarrier is positively correlated with the SNR.
可选的,本发明实施例中,信道编码方式确定单元42具体用于:Optionally, in this embodiment of the present invention, the channel coding mode determining unit 42 is specifically configured to:
确定支持加载的比特数对应的最大增益值;Determine the maximum gain value corresponding to the number of bits supported to be loaded;
并将最大增益值对应的信道编码方式作为子载波的信道编码方式。The channel coding mode corresponding to the maximum gain value is used as the channel coding mode of the subcarrier.
可选的,本发明实施例中,还包括判定单元44,判定单元44用于确定子载波采用对应的信道编码方式进行信道编码消耗的内存;Optionally, in this embodiment of the present invention, a determination unit 44 is further included, and the determination unit 44 is configured to determine the memory consumed by the sub-carriers using the corresponding channel coding mode to perform channel coding;
若消耗的内存大于预设值,则重新确定子载波对应的信道编码方式,直至子载波采用对应的信道编码方式进行信道编码消耗的内存小于预设值。If the consumed memory is greater than the preset value, the channel coding mode corresponding to the sub-carrier is re-determined until the memory consumed by the sub-carrier for channel coding using the corresponding channel coding mode is less than the preset value.
进一步的,本发明实施例中,发送单元43还用于:Further, in this embodiment of the present invention, the sending unit 43 is further configured to:
对编码后的数据进行速率匹配操作。A rate matching operation is performed on the encoded data.
基于上述技术方案,参阅图5所示,本发明实施例提供一种接收数据的装置500,该装置500包括接收单元50、解码单元51,其中,Based on the above technical solution, referring to FIG. 5 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus 500 for receiving data. The apparatus 500 includes a receiving unit 50 and a decoding unit 51 , wherein,
接收单元50,用于接收发送端发送的携带子载波的信道编码方式信息的信号;a receiving unit 50, configured to receive a signal carrying the channel coding mode information of the subcarriers sent by the transmitting end;
解码单元51,用于采用与信道编码方式对应的信道解码方式,对在子载波上接收到的数据进行信道解码。The decoding unit 51 is configured to use a channel decoding method corresponding to the channel coding method to perform channel decoding on the data received on the subcarriers.
进一步的,本发明实施例中,该装置还包括SNR确定单元52,SNR确定单元52用于:Further, in this embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes an SNR determination unit 52, and the SNR determination unit 52 is configured to:
接收发送端在子载波发送的预设的固定序列信号;receiving a preset fixed sequence signal sent by the transmitting end on the subcarrier;
根据固定序列信号和实际接收信号之间的差值确定出的信噪比SNR;The signal-to-noise ratio SNR determined according to the difference between the fixed sequence signal and the actual received signal;
将SNR发送至发送端,以使得发送端根据SNR确定子载波的信道编码方式。The SNR is sent to the transmitting end, so that the transmitting end determines the channel coding mode of the subcarrier according to the SNR.
基于上述技术方案,参阅图6所示,本发明实施例提供一种数据收发系统,该数据收发系统包括:Based on the above technical solution, referring to FIG. 6 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a data transceiver system, and the data transceiver system includes:
如图4所示的发送数据的装置400,及如图4所示的接收数据的装置500。The apparatus 400 for sending data as shown in FIG. 4 , and the apparatus 500 for receiving data as shown in FIG. 4 .
综上所述,本发明实施例中,提供一种发送数据的方法,该方法中:确定指定频带内子载波的SNR;根据SNR确定子载波支持加载的比特数;并将支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式,作为子载波的信道编码方式;采用信道编码方式对在子载波上发送的数据进行信道编码,并将编码后的数据在子载波上发送,在该方案中,每一子载波采用支持加载的比特数对应的信道编码方式对数据进行编码,因此,可以实现每一子载波均采用最大传输速率发送数据,均获得最大增益,因此,解决了现有技术中存在的资源浪费严重、增益较低、传输速率较低的缺陷,提高了资源利用率、提升了增益,及传输速率。To sum up, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for sending data, in which: determining the SNR of a subcarrier in a specified frequency band; determining the number of bits supported by the subcarrier according to the SNR; and corresponding the number of bits supported for loading The channel coding mode of the subcarrier is used as the channel coding mode of the subcarrier; the channel coding mode is used to channel code the data sent on the subcarrier, and the encoded data is sent on the subcarrier. In this scheme, each subcarrier The data is encoded by using the channel coding method corresponding to the number of bits supported to be loaded. Therefore, each sub-carrier can use the maximum transmission rate to transmit data and obtain the maximum gain. Therefore, the serious waste of resources existing in the prior art is solved. , The defects of lower gain and lower transmission rate improve resource utilization, increase gain, and transmission rate.
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器,使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中的功能的装置。The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block in the flowcharts and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowcharts and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to the processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce Means for implementing the functions in one or more of the flowcharts and/or one or more blocks of the block diagrams.
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中,使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品,该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中的功能。These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory result in an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions An apparatus implements the functions in one or more of the flowcharts and/or one or more blocks of the block diagrams.
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上,使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理,从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process such that The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions in one or more of the flowcharts and/or one or more blocks of the block diagrams.
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例,但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念,则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以,所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concepts are known. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明实施例的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明实施例的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Thus, provided that these modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
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